KR20050120531A - Heat exchanger of refrigerator - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a heat exchanger system, and an object thereof relates to an evaporator and a condenser heat exchanger of a refrigerating device, in particular, a heat exchanger of contaminated heat source fluid such as a waste heat source or seawater as a heat exchanger of an evaporator and a condenser constituting a heat pump. It is a device to recover the heat exchanger, so that it is easy to clean the heat exchanger to maintain high performance, and it is used as an evaporator and condenser to compensate for the shortcomings of the shell and tube, will be.

To this end, the heat exchanger system has a heat pipe 44, a baffle 45, pipe plates 42 and 56, and headers 57, 58 and 59 inside the shell 41. Each flange (43) and the header flange (46) is a form of a combination of the bolts (53), to effectively heat exchange with natural heat sources, such as river water, sea water or sewage, when cleaning the heat exchanger tube It is configured to facilitate the removal of contaminants by separating the connecting bolts 53 of the shell flange 43 and the header flange 46 to open the heat transfer pipe to the outside.

Description

Heat Exchanger for Refrigeration Units {Heat Exchanger Of Refrigerator}

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat exchanger, and an object thereof relates to an evaporator and a condenser heat exchanger of a refrigerating device, and in particular, to recover heat from contaminated heat source fluids such as waste heat sources and seawater to a heat exchanger of an evaporator and a condenser that constitute a heat pump. The present invention relates to a device that makes it easy to clean a heat exchanger to maintain high performance, and to compensate for the shortcomings of a shell and tube by using a single or a combination of an evaporator and a condenser.

Such a heat pump has a cycle structure and a method of operation similar to a refrigerator, and only a low temperature heat of the evaporator is used in a form in which the heat exchanger is variably used as an evaporator or a condenser because the refrigerant flow is changed by only four-way operation. In the case of using a high temperature heat and low temperature heat of the refrigerator, evaporator and condenser, the difference is that the heat pump cycle.

In this regard, a conventional general heat pump is composed of at least five basic components such as a compressor (1), a condenser (2), an evaporator (3), an expansion valve (4), and four sides (5) as shown in FIG. 1) the refrigerant gas at the outlet of the evaporator 3 is compressed and introduced into the condenser 2 by the high temperature and high pressure gas through the four sides, and condensed by exchanging heat with external fluid (air or water, etc.) to expand the expansion valve (4). ) And the refrigerant liquid introduced into the expansion valve (4) expands to a low temperature and low pressure state, and phase-changes the four sides (5) after phase conversion into a gas of low temperature and low pressure after heat exchange with an external fluid (air or water) in the evaporator (3). It is sucked into the compressor (1).

In addition, the refrigerant gas of the high temperature and high pressure of the compressor 1 is changed in the direction of flow in the four sides 5 so that the condenser 2 may be used as an evaporator, the evaporator 3 may be used as a condenser. At this time, the condenser 2 and the evaporator 3 is used as both a condenser and an evaporator.

The conventional heat pump of the above form mainly used an air heat source, but when the outside air temperature decreases during winter, the study of the heat pump using unutilized energy, such as river water, sea water and sewage, has been actively conducted. At present, the biggest problem in the spread of heat pumps using unutilized energy such as river water, sea water and sewage is related to the sudden deterioration of performance due to the contamination of heat exchangers and the problems of production of the combined use of evaporators and condensers of heat exchangers.

The present invention prevents contamination of heat exchangers (condensers and evaporators), which is a component of heat pumps, and facilitates cleaning of heat exchangers (cleaning of contaminants of heat exchangers), thereby improving heat transfer performance. To improve the performance, and to produce a heat exchanger for both evaporator and condenser to solve the biggest problem in the diffusion of heat pump using unutilized energy such as river water, sea water and sewage.

Conventional heat-fluid heat exchangers are plate-type heat exchangers or shell-and-tube types, and plate heat exchangers used for heat pumps are brazing a plurality of heat transfer plates, and thus, unutilized energy such as river water, sea water and sewage. The biggest problem when applied to the heat pump is that the scale is attached in a short time by the pollutant, which causes a sudden decrease in performance, and the cleaning of the plate heat exchanger (cleaning of the pollutant of the heat exchanger) can only be done with chemicals. It requires a lot of professional skills, causing a lot of work costs and environmental pollution. The shell and tube is a type of heat exchanger widely used at present, and is configured as shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 4, and a plurality of heat transfer tubes 24 are installed in parallel in the shell 21. While one fluid flows through the heat pipe 24, the other fluid is heat transfer in the process of flowing outside the heat pipe 24. In the shell 21, a fluid 25 flows the shell 21 in a zigzag to promote heat transfer and at the same time, a baffle 25 for maintaining a constant gap between the heat pipes 24 is provided. It is installed.

However, despite their widespread use, the heat pipe 24 is installed inside the angle 21, so that high heat contaminants of unutilized energy, such as river water, sea water, and sewage, may cause the scale of the heat pipe 24 to be accumulated or other foreign substances. In this case, since it is not possible to clean the heat pipe by disassembling the angle 21 to remove it, the only cleaning method is cleaning work by chemicals, and thus, expensive maintenance costs are required due to work requiring environmental pollution and professional skills by cleaning chemicals. As a result, the condenser and evaporator of the conventional shell and tube heat exchanger cannot be used as a form of heat pump supply of unutilized energy of river water, sea water and sewage.

The present invention seeks the following technology to solve the above problems.

First, the shell is disassembled and assembled in the form of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger that allows refrigerant to flow inside the heat pipe and flows the stream, sea water or sewage into the space between the tube and the shell. It is a form of structure that makes it possible to disassemble the shell during cleaning of the tube, and to easily remove scales or other foreign substances attached to the tube, and to supply a refrigeration unit or a heat pump heat exchanger using a natural heat source. Solve the problem of contamination of the heat pipe, the biggest problem in the system.

Second, by making a heat exchanger of the evaporator and condenser combined to solve the biggest problem in the diffusion of heat pump using unutilized energy, such as river water, sea water and sewage.

Third, the heat transfer tube fixing tube plate is fixed on one side and the other end can flow freely to absorb the thermal expansion of the heat transfer tube.

Fourth, it is possible to solve the disadvantage that the manufacturing cost of the large structure due to the low heat transfer rate of the open heat exchanger is small due to the high heat transfer rate, which is the advantage of the shell and tub heat exchanger.

The technical problem of the present invention is to be clearly interpreted by the configuration of the preferred embodiment presented in the configuration of the invention.

In order to achieve the above object, the heat exchanger according to the present invention is a refrigerant inlet 50 and draw in the refrigerant for heat exchange between unutilized energy, such as river water, sea water and sewage (hereinafter referred to as heat fluid) and a refrigerating device or heat pump It enters into the heat exchanger tube 44 inside the shell 41 through the header 57, and then enters the heat transfer tube 44 of the upper part from the intermediate header 59 after heat exchange with the heat fluid inside the shell 41. The heat exchanger is discharged to the outlet header 58 and the refrigerant outlet 49 after heat exchange, and the heat fluid passes through the inlet 51 and is introduced into the shell 41 to exchange heat with the refrigerant inside the heat pipe 44. In the heat exchanger which is discharged to the heat fluid outlet 52 after the direction of the flow is changed by the bulkhead 45 installed in the shell (41),

A shell part composed of a shell 41, a shell flange 43, a heat fluid inlet and an outlet 51 and 52 which draw in the heat fluid to be discharged after heat exchange;

Heat transfer tube part consisting of the heat transfer pipe 44, the headers 57, 58, 59, the hard plates 55, 47, the pipe plates 42, 56, and the header flange 46 to discharge the refrigerant after the heat exchange. It is characterized by.

The features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description of the preferred embodiments based on the accompanying drawings. Prior to this, terms or words used in the present specification and claims should not be construed as being limited to the common or dictionary meanings, and the inventors may properly interpret the concept of terms in order to best explain their own invention. Based on the principle that can be defined, it should be interpreted as meaning and concept corresponding to the technical idea of the present invention.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the Example of the heat exchanger which concerns on this invention is described, referring an accompanying drawing.

5, 6 and 7 are longitudinal cross-sectional views showing the configuration of a heat exchanger according to the present invention.

5, the heat exchanger shell (41), headers (57, 58, 59), tube plates (42, 56), heat transfer pipe group 44, partition walls (45, 48), heat fluid inlet, outlet ( 51, 52, refrigerant inlet, outlet 49, 50 and flanges 43, 53 are heat exchangers.

Reference numeral 44 denotes a heat transfer tube (tube) in which the heat fluid and the refrigerant exchange heat, and a form such as a straight tube, a corrugated tube, a spiral tube, etc., is used to process the inside and outside of the tube. The refrigerant is provided, and the headers 57, 58, and 59 are installed at the inlet, the outlet, and the middle of the refrigerant to control the uniform flow of the refrigerant to the heat transfer pipe 44 by the smooth distribution of the fluid.

The heat exchanger has a shell flange 43 attached to the right end of the cylindrical shell 41, a left end of the shell 41 is blocked, and a thermal fluid. The inlet 51 and the outlet 52 are attached on the shell 41, and each flange 43 is fastened by the header flange 46 and the connecting bolt 53. As shown in FIG.

The heat transfer pipes 44 are attached to the tube plates 42 and 56 at the left and right ends thereof, and there are a plurality of partitions 45 on the heat transfer pipes 44, and the partition walls 45 and the partition walls 25 of FIG. As it has a number of holes and the heat pipe 44 is inserted into this hole. The headers 57, 58, 59 are connected to the tube plates 42 and 56, and the refrigerant inlet and outlet headers 57 and 58 are composed of the hard plate 55, the tube plate 56, and the header flange 46. The inlet and outlet headers 57 and 58 are divided by the refrigerant path separation plate 48, and the attachment plate of the light plate 55 to the tube plate 56 is directly welded (in FIG. 5) or a separate bolt. 6 can be assembled by using a fastening portion such as the one shown in FIG. 6. The header flange 46 is provided with a refrigerant inlet 50 connected to the inlet header 57, and the outlet header 58 has a refrigerant outlet 49. Is attached to the header flange 46.

In addition, the intermediate header 59 is composed of a hard plate 47 and a tube plate 42, the hard plate 47 is directly welded to the tube plate 42 (shape in Figure 5) or a separate bolt (shape in Figure 6) It is possible to assemble and install using a fastening part such as.

The connection structure of the shell flange 43 of the heat exchanger, the first form of the header (57, 58, 59), the partition wall 45, the tube plate (inside the shell (41)) 42, 56, plate plates 47, 55 and heat pipe 44 in the form of a header flange 46 to the outside, the angle flange (43) and the header flange 46 to the bolt (53) 5, 7 or the second form, the header 77, the partition 65, the tube plate 62, the hard plate (inside the shell 61). 67) and the heat pipe 64 in the form of a tube plate 76, inlet and outlet headers (75, 76), hard plate 66 and the refrigerant inlet and outlet (69, 70) in the outside, each-flange ( The shell flange 63 and the tube plate 76 may be configured to be fastened with bolts 73. At this time, the hard plates 47 and 55 are directly welded to the tube plates 42 and 56 (as shown in FIG. 5) or the hard plates 66 and 67 are connected to the tube plates 62 and 76 to the bolts 73. It is possible to assemble and install using the fastening portion.

In addition, the shape of the hard plates 47, 55 can be produced in various forms, such as hemispherical or square or cylindrical.

5, 6, and 7 the flow of the heat fluid and the refrigerant of the heat exchanger will be described separately for use as an evaporator and condenser.

First, the flow of the refrigerant when used as an evaporator is introduced into the inlet header 57 through the refrigerant inlet 50 and uniformly distributed to the heat transfer pipe 44, and is introduced again to the heat transfer pipe 44 from the intermediate header 59 again to the outlet header. And outlet to the refrigerant outlet 49. At this time, the refrigerant is changed from the liquid state to the gas state by heat exchange with the heat fluid (water) inside the shell (41) in the heat transfer pipe 44, and cools the heat fluid inside the shell (41). . In addition, the heat fluid inside the shell 41 enters the heat fluid inlet 51 and is changed in direction by the partition wall 45. The heat fluid is cooled by heat exchange with the refrigerant in the heat transfer pipe 44, and then the outlet ( 52).

The flow of the refrigerant when used as a condenser is in the opposite direction as when used as the evaporator and is uniformly distributed to the heat transfer pipe 44 by entering the outlet header 58 through the refrigerant outlet 49 and again in the intermediate header 59. 44 is discharged to the inlet header 57 and the refrigerant inlet 50, the refrigerant outlet 49, the outlet header 58, the refrigerant inlet 50 and the inlet header 57 is a refrigerant in the evaporator. It is opposite to the flow and damage of the connection part of the heat exchanger tube 44 and the tube plates 42 and 56 by the expansion and contraction process by the thermal expansion and contraction of the heat exchanger tube 44 by the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant | coolant inside the heat exchanger tube 44 is carried out. Silver tube plate 42 can be absorbed thermal stress because it is fluid in a form that is not fixed inside the shell (41).

At this time, the refrigerant exchanges heat with the heat fluid (water) inside the shell 41 in the heat transfer pipe 44 to change from a gas state of high temperature and high pressure to a liquid state, and heat inside the shell 41. Heat the fluid. In addition, the heat fluid inside the shell 41 enters the heat fluid inlet 51 and is changed in direction by the partition wall 45. The heat fluid exchanges heat with the refrigerant inside the heat transfer pipe 44, and the book outlet ( 52).

The heat exchanger of FIGS. 5 and 7 removes the bolt 53 connecting the shell flange 43 and the header flange 53 when the contaminants of the heat transfer pipe 44 are removed. Can be cleaned in an open form.

In addition, the heat exchanger of FIG. 6 opens the heat transfer tube 64 by removing the bolt 73 connecting the shell flange 63 and the tube plate 76 to remove contaminants from the heat transfer tube 64. Can be cleaned in the finished form.

Therefore, as shown in Fig. 6, the tube plate 76 is connected to each flange (shell flange) 63 and bolts 73, and the tube plate 76 and the mirror plate 65 are connected. It is manufactured in the form of bolt or welding. In addition, in FIG. 7, the plate plates 87 and 95 are attached to the tube plates 82 and 96 in a bolt structure.

Therefore, the heat recovery from the contaminated heat source fluid is more effective than the conventional heat exchanger type, the heat exchanger is easy to clean, and the structure is simple, so that the source of river heat or groundwater or bathroom wastewater or domestic wastewater or various process water wastewater or As a heat exchanger such as sea water, high performance can be achieved.

As will be apparent from the foregoing description, the present invention is a system for heat exchange between a high temperature fluid and a low temperature fluid, which can be used in an open or closed type, and particularly recovers heat from fluids such as river water or sea water or domestic waste water or industrial waste water. Used for heating or heating, it is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost of heat exchanger and to remove contaminants of heat exchanger easily, and to reduce the oil consumption of oil boiler by heat recovery of various waste heat sources and natural heat sources. When using a pump, the performance improvement provides energy savings.

1 is a configuration diagram of a general heat pump

Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a shell and tube heat exchanger as an example of an evaporator or a condenser constituting a conventional heat pump;

3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line “A-A '” of FIG. 2;

4 is a right side view of FIG.

5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a configuration of a heat exchanger according to the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another type of flange attachment according to the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the attaching of another type of hard board according to the present invention.

<Description of the code | symbol about the principal part of drawing>

1-compressor 2-condenser

3-evaporator 41-shell

42-left tube plate 43-shell flange

44-heat pipe 46-header flange

56-right tube

Claims (4)

In the form of a heat exchanger for both an evaporator and a condenser, a refrigerant flows into the heat pipe and a shell and tube heat exchanger in which a heat fluid flows into the space between the heat pipe and the shell. A shell and tube (heat transfer tube) in the form of a structure capable of disassembly, each of the shell (shell) flange (43), the fluid fluid inlet (51) and outlet (52) Is attached, and the left and right tube plates 42 and 56 are attached to both ends of the heat transfer tube group 44, and the plate plates 47 and 55 are attached to the tube plates 42 and 56, and the plate plates 55 are attached thereto. ) Is coupled to the header flange (46), heat exchanger, characterized in that each flange (43) and the header flange (46) can be opened by attaching in the form of bolts. The structure of claim 1, wherein the tube plate (42) is fixed to the end of the heat transfer pipe (44) and moves in fluid inside the shell (41) to absorb the expansion and contraction of the heat transfer pipe (44). Heat exchanger. 2. A form according to claim 1, wherein each shell flange (43) is made in the form of a header flange (46) or tube plate (76) and bolt (53, 73) connection. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the tube plates (42, 56) are made of the hard plates (47, 55) and bolted and welded.