KR20050119968A - Burning method and apparatus under the heated pulverization status of solid fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for heat-pulverizing combustion of a solid fuel in which a waste containing dried perishable organic matter is made as a solid fuel and then made into a particulate form after heat-pulverization, which is combusted in a dispersed and dispersed state as a mixed state with air. It is about.

The present invention is a dried perishable organic matter, organic waste, wastewater sludge, food waste, agricultural, livestock, fishery by-products and various organic industrial wastes to obtain a combustible gas by low oxygen pyrolysis, and the solid carbide that causes thermal decomposition is pulverized and the outside air at the same time And fine powder explosion combustion in the state of greatly increasing the surface area, and can be used with high thermal energy by utilizing the heat of combustion by the combustion process or the recombustion with flammable gas. As it does not contain harmful components in the exhaust gas with stable treatment, it solves the air pollution problem, and heat energy generated during combustion can be utilized as a necessary heat source, and less ash or other residues generated after combustion are emitted in inorganic form. Soil modifier or soil cover It can be used as a building material and can be recycled or used civil engineering.

Description

Burn Method and Apparatus under the Heated Pulverization Status of Solid Fuel

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for heat-pulverizing combustion of a solid fuel in which a waste containing dried perishable organic matter is made as a solid fuel and then made into a particulate form after heat-pulverization, which is combusted in a dispersed and dispersed state as a mixed state with air. It is about.

Generally, sewage, wastewater sludge, food waste, agriculture, livestock, fishery by-products, organic industrial wastes, etc. are difficult to treat separately, and most of them are widely known in various technologies for landfilling or composting or recycling.

However, among them, the landfilling method is a major factor causing secondary environmental pollution and shortening the life of landfill by organic matters contained in these wastes.

In addition, in the treatment method by composting or feed conversion, the organic materials or nutrients constituting the waste are not always constant, and when used in composting, they are absorbed into the soil because they contain excessive salt or do not decompose quickly. It is not good for use because it does not help crops and does harm to crops, and it is not preferable for use, and even when used in feed, it becomes less preferred because it contains non-extinguishing materials. Many of them are left unfavorable, and many of them avoid them because they can increase waste and become a hotbed of bad smell.

In addition, the existing method of incineration of such perishable organic matter is accompanied by the problem of air pollution due to the emission of harmful gases and is not easily burned, causing an increase in fuel costs used for combustion.

In addition, as a conventional technique known as a method of fuelizing using such a perishable organic material, a method of using methane gas generated while biologically corrupting as a fuel is known, but this is only a fraction of the actual calorie value of the perishable organic material. Due to the degree of use as a fuel, there is a disadvantage that the thermal efficiency is significantly low, the generation of secondary waste that has to be treated separately of the waste that is generated and remaining methane gas is generated.

In addition, some of the methods of fueling using such a perishable organic material to make a solid fuel to fuel, but in this case, it is necessary to burn the solid fuel itself in the form of agglomeration, which takes a long time to burn due to the relatively small combustion surface during combustion. It is not suitable for use as a heat source as a treatment method that is close to incineration rather than utilizing heat generated at this time, and a large amount of harmful gas is generated during combustion, and the problem of air pollution becomes serious and the problem to be solved follows. It is avoided because of difficulties in practical use.

The present invention has been made in order to solve such a conventional problem, in the case of the present invention, perishable organic waste generally contains a large amount of heat due to the high content of organic matter, and generates a large amount of heat during combustion. Winley, and therefore, has been developed a combustion method and apparatus as a heat energy source in the judgment that it can be utilized as a heating source as a fuel with high calorie value if used well.

The present invention has the following object.

The main object of the present invention is to obtain a combustible gas by low oxygen pyrolysis using organic sewage, wastewater sludge, food waste, agricultural, livestock, fishery by-products, and various organic industrial wastes, which are dried perishable organic matters. At the same time, the mixture is mixed with external air, scattered in powder form, and the surface area is greatly increased to achieve fine powder explosion combustion, and the combustion heat generated in the continuous and instant combustion process and the combustible gas generated are combusted again. The purpose of the present invention is to make use of the high heat energy by utilizing the heat of combustion, and at the same time, to stably process the organic waste.

Another object of the present invention is to produce a high-temperature ignition phenomena as a fine powder explosion combustion within a short time, the combustion is made close to the complete combustion due to the generation of high heat due to heat concentration, it is harmful to exhaust gases by causing low-oxygen pyrolysis It is intended to make it possible to use the heat energy generated during combustion as a necessary heat source while solving the air pollution problem because it can be discharged with little component.

Another object of the present invention is to minimize the generation of ash and other residues generated after combustion, while most of the organic material is burned and pyrolyzed during the combustion process, so that it can be used as a soil improver or soil cover to be discharged in the form of inorganic materials and building materials It is intended to be recyclable by civil engineering use.

In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention provides a combustible combustion gas generated by injecting and spreading dried perishable organic matter into a closed gas generating chamber and heating it in a state of being blocked with outside air to generate a flammable combustion gas while pyrolyzing in a low oxygen state. A flammable combustion gas generating step of supplying the gas to the gas combustion chamber; In the combustible combustion gas generation step, the pyrolyzed solids are sequentially discharged and burned in a state in which they are dispersed and sprayed into a microexplosion chamber in a state of being heat-pulverized and mixed with outside air to generate instantaneous fine powder explosions so as to combust and burn completely near combustion. Combustion residues remaining after the powder explosion combustion step to discharge to the outside; The combustible combustion delivered in the combustible combustion gas generating step by feeding the exhaust gas and the heat discharged into the gas combustion chamber by utilizing the heat generated in the powder explosion combustion step as a heat source required in the combustible combustion gas generating step. It provides a method of heat-pulverizing combustion of a solid fuel comprising: a gas combustion step of obtaining a high heat source by ignition combustion in a mixed state with a gas.

In addition, as a device that can specifically implement the combustion method as described above, in order to put the dried perishable organic matter in a press-closed state, a compression screw conveyor is installed on one side and the inner side of the gas generating compartment rotates by an external drive motor The flap gas generating mechanism is provided with a parallel retaining blade and a scraper, respectively, on the driving shaft, and a discharge blocking plate having a plurality of discharge holes adjacent to the lower portion of the scraper, and a combustion gas induction pipe is installed between the gas combustion chambers. ; Located at the lower part of the combustible gas generating mechanism and installed at both sides in communication with the gas combustion chamber and the micro-explosion combustion apparatus by respective air flow connection pipes, and at the lower part, a fuel supply mechanism for pulverizing and supplying fuel in a mixed state with air. A heating mechanism installed in connection with; The heating device and the air flow connection pipe is installed in communication with the fuel supply mechanism from the heating device connected to the installation is installed, the ignition burner is installed on one side, the blocking discharge rod is installed at the bottom and the drive motor at the bottom of the blocking discharge rod A micro-explosion combustion mechanism having a top rotating discharge blocking plate and a lower inclined scraper driven to be rotated inside the inclined portion, and a discharge screw provided on one side of the inclined portion, the press screw conveyor being installed; And a gas combustion chamber connected to the combustion gas induction pipe as one side of the heating mechanism, connected to the combustion gas induction pipe, and an ignition burner installed on one side and an exhaust port provided on the other side. Combustion apparatus is provided.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, according to the preferred device, in order to inject the dried perishable organic matter in a press-sealed state, the compression screw conveyor (2) is installed on one side and the inner side of the gas generating compartment (10) by the outer drive motor 11 is driven to rotate Parallel retaining blade 13 and scraper 14 are respectively installed on the rotating shaft 12 to be installed, and the discharge blocking plate 15 having a plurality of discharge holes 16 formed adjacent to the lower portion of the scraper 14 is fixedly installed. And combustible gas generating mechanism (1) is provided with a combustion gas induction pipe 74 between the gas combustion chamber (7); Located in the lower part of the combustible gas generating mechanism (1) and installed on both sides in communication with the gas combustion chamber (7) and the micro-explosion combustion mechanism (6) by the respective air flow connection pipe (32, 30) In the lower position, the lower portion of the heating mechanism 3 is installed in connection with the fuel supply mechanism (5) for pulverizing and supplying the fuel mixed with air; It is installed in communication by the heating mechanism (3) and the air flow connection pipe (32) and is connected to the heating mechanism (3) through the fuel supply mechanism (5) is installed and the ignition burner (60) is installed on one side and A blocking discharge rod 61 is installed, and an upper rotary discharge blocking plate 63 and a lower inclined scraper 65 which are rotationally driven by a driving motor 64 are disposed below the blocking discharge rod 61. A microexplosion and combustion mechanism 6 having a compression screw conveyor 66 installed on the discharge portion provided at one side of the inclined portion; And the other side of the heating mechanism (3) is installed in communication with the air flow connecting pipe (30) and is connected to the combustion gas induction pipe (74) is installed on one side the ignition burner 70 is installed on the other side exhaust port 72 ) Is provided with a gas combustion chamber (7).

At this time, the combustible gas generating mechanism (1), the heating mechanism (3), the fine explosion combustion mechanism (6), the gas combustion chamber (7), the discharge blocking plate 15, the rotary discharge blocking plate 62, and The airflow connection pipes 30 and 32 are each formed with a heat insulating layer 8 to prevent internal heat from being conducted and discharged to the outside without being influenced by outside air.

The fuel supply mechanism 5 is an organic waste which is combustible gas is discharged from the combustible gas generating mechanism 1, dropped through the discharge hole 16 of the discharge blocking plate 15, and dried while passing through the heating mechanism 3. Pressurized tightly feeding is gradually carried out while the fuel is kept tight by the crimping screw conveyor 4, and the air in a preheated state is passed through the induction pipe 51 through the external air inlet 50 as a structure for wrapping the fuel. The fine air is mixed through the pulverized mixing blower 54 driven by the driving motor 55 in a state where the external air mixed induction pipe 52 is mixed with the air mixed fuel induction pipe by its own feed force ( 58) is made so that the mixed feeding of fuel to the micro-explosion combustion mechanism (6) is made in the form of dispersion spraying.

The pressurized screw conveyors 2, 4 and 66, which are used in the combustible gas generating mechanism 1, the fuel supply mechanism 5, and the microexplosion combustion mechanism 6, have the same or similar structures. 1, 2 and 5, the upper side of the main body 23 is formed with the inlet 20, 40 is driven by the drive motor 21, 42 inside Screws 22 and 44 are installed and the discharge port 24 is installed at one side of the lower side, and emergency passages 25 and 48 are formed at one side thereof.

In addition, the discharge blocking plate 15 of the combustible gas generating mechanism 1 is provided with a plurality of discharge holes 16 radially long and narrow, and while the fuel is slowly moved by the scraper 14 via these discharge holes 16. The small amount is configured to drop supply little by little.

In addition, the rotation discharge blocking plate 62 of the micro-explosion combustion mechanism 6 is rotated by the drive motor 64, a plurality of discharge holes 63 radially long and narrow are provided and the micro-explosion combustion mechanism ( 6) If a small amount of inorganic matter obtained after the fuel is burned in the interior falls naturally, it is placed on the upper portion of the rotary discharge blocking plate 62, and some of the drops are discharged to the lower portion of the diesel via the exhaust hole 63 or are gradually accumulated. When it is accumulated until it reaches the blocking discharge rod 61, it is made to fall while expanding by the blocking discharge rod 61 to fall down the discharge hole (63) via the bottom.

17 is a level gauge as an unexplained code.

Next, the operation relationship of the combustion apparatus made as described above will be described based on the combustion method of the present invention.

In other words, a flammable combustible gas is generated by injecting the dried perishable organic matter into a closed gas generating chamber, heating it in a state of being blocked with outside air, and pyrolyzing in a low oxygen state to generate a flammable combustion gas, and the flammable combustion gas is fed to the gas combustion chamber. Combustion gas generating step; In the combustible combustion gas generation step, the pyrolyzed solids are sequentially discharged and burned in a state in which they are dispersed and sprayed into a microexplosion chamber in a state of being heat-pulverized and mixed with outside air to generate instantaneous fine powder explosions so as to combust and burn completely near combustion. Combustion residues remaining after the powder explosion combustion step to discharge to the outside; Then, by using the heat generated in the powder explosion combustion step as a heat source required in the flammable combustion gas generation step, the exhaust gas and hot air discharged to the gas combustion chamber to feed the combustible combustion gas generation step It includes a gas combustion step of obtaining a high heat heat source by ignition combustion in a mixed state with the combustion gas; will be made including each step will be examined separately.

Combustible Combustion Gas Generation Stage

When the fuel, which is an organic waste in a dry state, is injected into the inlet 20 from the outside of the diesel, the fuel is gradually fed into the sealed form in a closed form and gradually pressed into the interior by the operation of the crimping screw conveyor 2. The feed is made into the compartment 10 via the 24, and the fuel fed into the compartment 10 falls down, but is unfolded evenly by the parallel retaining blade 13 and the scraper 14. At this time, the internal temperature of the heating mechanism (3) is preheated by the burners (60) (70) or by the combustion of the micro-explosion chamber (6) as will be described later by heat through the connecting tube (320) When the proper temperature is maintained by the transfer of the fuel inside the compartment 910, the upper part of the exhaust shielding plate 15 is heated in a state of blocking the outside air and pyrolysis is performed in a low oxygen state. And thereby in itself generate a combustible gas the combustible combustion flue gas generated in this way is subjected to the combustion of flammable gas generating step that would be fed to the gas combustion chamber (7) made through the combustion gas guide tube (74).

Powder explosion combustion stage

In the combustible combustion gas generating step, the solids thermally decomposed in the compartment 10 of the combustible gas generating device 1 are sequentially heated through the discharge hole 16 of the discharge blocking plate 15 by the scraper 14. ), And the solids fed into the heating mechanism 3 are further dried while being heated, and heat-pulverized by the compression screw conveyor 4 and the fuel supply mechanism 5 and mixed with the outside air as a fine powder. Air mixed fuel induction pipe (58) is strongly fed in the state of being fired and dispersed by the microexplosive combustion mechanism (6) and burned by the burner (60) to cause instantaneous and continuous fine powder explosion. Combustion residues that are burned close to combustion and remain after combustion fall naturally and gradually accumulate in the upper portion of the rotary discharge blocking plate 62, and part of the exhaust hole 63 is directly lowered through the diesel engine. If it accumulates or gradually accumulates until it reaches the shutoff discharge rod 61, when it is intermittently driven, it flows down by the shutoff discharge rod 61 and falls down through the discharge hole 63. , It is discharged to the outside by the scraper 65 and the compression screw conveyor 66, the strong heat generated while burning in the inside of the micro-explosion combustion mechanism (6) is heated once via the air flow connection pipe (32) Heating the mechanism (3) is used as a heat source for heating the combustible gas generating mechanism (1) via the discharge blocking plate 15 and the rest is moved to the gas combustion chamber (7) through the air flow connection pipe (30) to be.

Gas combustion stage

Next, using the heat generated in the powder explosion combustion step through the powder explosion combustion step, the unburned exhaust gas and heat discharged after using the heat source required in the flammable combustion gas generation step are discharged from the gas combustion chamber (7). By firing again by the ignition burner 70 in a state of being mixed with the combustible combustion gas fed through the combustion gas induction pipe 74 in the combustible combustion gas generation step to obtain a high heat source. The heat of high heat generated in the combustion state is subjected to the gas combustion step that is used as a heat source that requires a heat source.

As described above, according to the present invention, hypoxia by the combustible gas generating mechanism (1) heated by using the organic perishable organic wastes, wastewater sludge, food waste, agricultural, livestock, fishery by-products and various organic industrial wastes, which are dried perishable organics. Pyrolysis to obtain flammable gas, and the solid carbide that causes thermal decomposition is pulverized and mixed with external air and scattered in the form of powder, and the surface area is greatly increased to make fine powder explosion combustion by the microexplosion combustion mechanism (6). Combustion heat generated in the process of continuous and instant combustion and combustible gas are ignited so that it can be used with high heat energy by utilizing combustion heat which is combusted again, and stable treatment for organic waste can be performed at the same time. .

In addition, the present invention is a fine powder explosion combustion occurs within a short time, the high heat ignition phenomenon is generated by the high heat due to the heat concentration, the combustion is made close to the complete combustion, causing low-oxygen pyrolysis harmful components to the exhaust gas It can be discharged in a state that contains little or no, and thus solve the air pollution problem, the heat energy generated during combustion can be used as a necessary heat source, and most of the organic matter is burned and pyrolyzed during the combustion process. It minimizes the occurrence of ash or other residues and discharges them in the form of minerals, so it can be used for soil improvement agent or soil cover and can be recycled for building materials or civil works.

1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a device as a preferred example of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the compression screw conveyor installed in the combustible gas generating mechanism in FIG. 1; FIG.

FIG. 3A is a cross sectional view downward to show a scraper installed in the combustible gas generating mechanism in FIG. 1; FIG.

FIG. 3B is an upward cross-sectional view for illustrating the parallel blades installed in the combustible gas generating mechanism in FIG. 1; FIG.

4 is a cross-sectional view of the heating mechanism in FIG. 1;

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a coupling configuration of the compression screw and the external air heating mechanism located in the lower portion of the heating mechanism in Figure 1,

Figure 6 is a front and rear longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a crushing mixing blower located in the lower portion of the heating mechanism in Figure 1,

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing main parts of the powder spray combustion chamber of FIG. 1; FIG.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

1: flammable gas generating device, 3: heating device,

6: microexplosion combustion apparatus, 7: gas combustion chamber

Claims (3)

In order to inject the dried perishable organic matter in a press-closed state, the press screw conveyor 2 is installed on one side, and the center of the gas generating compartment 10 is rotated by a drive motor 11 on the outer side of the rotating shaft 12. Parallel retaining wing 13 and the scraper 14 is installed in each of the lower portion of the scraper 14, the discharge blocking plate 15 formed with a plurality of discharge holes 16 adjacent to the fixed installation and the gas combustion chamber (7) Combustible gas generating mechanism (1) is installed between the combustion gas induction pipe (74); Located in the lower part of the combustible gas generating mechanism (1) and installed on both sides in communication with the gas combustion chamber (7) and the micro-explosion combustion mechanism (6) by the respective air flow connection pipe (32, 30) In the lower position, the lower portion of the heating mechanism 3 is installed in connection with the fuel supply mechanism (5) for pulverizing and supplying the fuel mixed with air; It is installed in communication by the heating mechanism (3) and the air flow connection pipe (32) and is connected to the heating mechanism (3) through the fuel supply mechanism (5) is installed and the ignition burner (60) is installed on one side and A blocking discharge rod 61 is installed, and an upper rotary discharge blocking plate 63 and a lower inclined scraper 65 which are rotationally driven by a driving motor 64 are disposed below the blocking discharge rod 61. A microexplosion and combustion mechanism 6 having a compression screw conveyor 66 installed on the discharge portion provided at one side of the inclined portion; And The other side of the heating mechanism (3) is installed in communication by the air flow connection pipe (30) and is connected to the combustion gas induction pipe (74), one side is installed with an ignition burner (70) and the other side exhaust port (72) And a gas combustion chamber (7) provided with a heat pulverized combustion apparatus for solid fuel. The method of claim 1, The combustible gas generating mechanism (1), the heating mechanism (3), the fine explosion combustion mechanism (6), the gas combustion chamber (7), the discharge blocking plate (15), the rotary discharge blocking plate (62), and airflow connection Tubes 30 and 32 are each formed with a heat insulating layer 8, The fuel supply mechanism (5) is a structure surrounding the crimping screw conveyor (4), the air preheated via the external air inlet (50) is mixed in the external air mixing induction pipe (52) via the induction pipe (51). In this state, the mixed feed of fuel is distributed and sprayed to the microexplosion combustion mechanism 6 via the air mixed fuel induction pipe 58 while passing through the pulverized mixed blower 54 driven by the drive motor 55. Done, Compression screw conveyors (2) (4) (66), which are used for the combustible gas generating mechanism (1), the fuel supply mechanism (5), and the microexplosion combustion mechanism (6), are provided at an upper side of the main body (23). Inlets 20 and 40 are formed, and screw 22 and 44 driven by drive motors 21 and 42 are installed on the inside thereof, and outlets 24 are installed on one side of the lower side thereof, and emergency passages are provided on one side thereof. (25) (48) are each provided in the form provided, The discharge blocking plate 15 of the combustible gas generating mechanism 1 is provided with a plurality of discharge holes 16 radially long and narrow, and a small amount of fuel passing through these discharge holes 16 while the fuel is slowly moved by the scraper 14. Little by little drop supply, Rotational discharge blocking plate 62 of the micro-explosion combustion mechanism (6) is rotated by the drive motor 64, a plurality of discharge holes (63) are provided radially long and narrow, the blocking discharge rod (61) Heat milling combustion apparatus for solid fuel, characterized in that is installed. Inflammable combustion gas is generated by putting dried perishable organic matter inside the closed gas generating chamber, heating it in a state of being blocked with outside air, and thermally decomposing in a low oxygen state to generate flammable combustion gas, and the generated flammable combustion gas is fed to the gas combustion chamber. Generating step; In the combustible combustion gas generation step, the pyrolyzed solids are sequentially discharged and burned in a state in which they are dispersed and sprayed into a microexplosion chamber in a state of being heat-pulverized and mixed with outside air to generate instantaneous fine powder explosions so as to combust and burn completely near combustion. Combustion residues remaining after the powder explosion combustion step to discharge to the outside; The combustible combustion delivered in the combustible combustion gas generating step by feeding the exhaust gas and the heat discharged into the gas combustion chamber by utilizing the heat generated in the powder explosion combustion step as a heat source required in the combustible combustion gas generating step. Comprising: a gas combustion step of obtaining a high heat source by ignition combustion in a mixed state with the gas: heat-pulverizing combustion method of a solid fuel comprising a.