KR20050103627A - Conture error compuation and controll method in cnc milling - Google Patents
Conture error compuation and controll method in cnc milling Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03C—DOMESTIC PLUMBING INSTALLATIONS FOR FRESH WATER OR WASTE WATER; SINKS
- E03C1/00—Domestic plumbing installations for fresh water or waste water; Sinks
- E03C1/12—Plumbing installations for waste water; Basins or fountains connected thereto; Sinks
- E03C1/122—Pipe-line systems for waste water in building
- E03C1/1222—Arrangements of devices in domestic waste water pipe-line systems
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03C—DOMESTIC PLUMBING INSTALLATIONS FOR FRESH WATER OR WASTE WATER; SINKS
- E03C1/00—Domestic plumbing installations for fresh water or waste water; Sinks
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- E03C1/14—Wash-basins connected to the waste-pipe
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03C—DOMESTIC PLUMBING INSTALLATIONS FOR FRESH WATER OR WASTE WATER; SINKS
- E03C1/00—Domestic plumbing installations for fresh water or waste water; Sinks
- E03C1/12—Plumbing installations for waste water; Basins or fountains connected thereto; Sinks
- E03C1/20—Connecting baths or bidets to the wastepipe
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03C—DOMESTIC PLUMBING INSTALLATIONS FOR FRESH WATER OR WASTE WATER; SINKS
- E03C1/00—Domestic plumbing installations for fresh water or waste water; Sinks
- E03C1/12—Plumbing installations for waste water; Basins or fountains connected thereto; Sinks
- E03C1/26—Object-catching inserts or similar devices for waste pipes or outlets
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E03C—DOMESTIC PLUMBING INSTALLATIONS FOR FRESH WATER OR WASTE WATER; SINKS
- E03C1/00—Domestic plumbing installations for fresh water or waste water; Sinks
- E03C1/12—Plumbing installations for waste water; Basins or fountains connected thereto; Sinks
- E03C1/28—Odour seals
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
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Abstract
본 발명은 수치제어 밀링에서 윤곽오차의 정확한 계산방법, 윤곽오차를 줄이면서 가공시간을 최소화 하기위한 가감속 제어방법 그리고 제어기에 가공면의 법선방향을 전달하기위한 전달매체 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an accurate calculation method of the contour error in numerically controlled milling, an acceleration and deceleration control method for minimizing the machining time while reducing the contour error, and a transmission medium for transmitting the normal direction of the machining surface to the controller.
Description
본 발명은 수치제어 밀링에서 3차원 윤곽오차를 정확하게 계산하고 제어하기위한 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for accurately calculating and controlling three-dimensional contour errors in numerically controlled milling.
수치제어 밀링은 회전하는 절삭공구를 입력된 공구경로와 속도로 이송하며서 소재를 제거해 3차원 가공면을 만들어내는 것인데, 입력 공구경로와 실제 이송경로 사이에는 필연적으로 제어오차가 발생한다. 일반적으로 제어오차는 입력경로와 실제경로 사이의 최단 거리로 계산하고 있으며, 제어오차를 줄이기 위한 방법으로 방향이 급격히 변화하는 코너와 곡선 경로에서 이송속도를 줄이는 방법을 사용하고 있다.Numerically controlled milling removes the material by moving the rotating cutting tool at the input tool path and speed, and inevitably generates a control error between the input tool path and the actual feed path. In general, the control error is calculated as the shortest distance between the input path and the actual path, and as a way to reduce the control error, the feed speed is reduced in the corners and curve paths whose direction changes rapidly.
그러나 제어오차를 입력경로와 실제경로 사이의 거리로 계산하는 것은 실제 윤곽오차와 거리가 있고, 제어오차를 줄이기 위한 코너와 곡선에서의 감속은 가공시간을 길게하는 문제점이 있다. However, calculating the control error as the distance between the input path and the actual path has a real contour error and a distance, and the deceleration at the corners and curves to reduce the control error has a problem of lengthening the processing time.
본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위한 것으로써, 본 발명의 제 1 목적은 수치제어 밀링에서 정확한 윤곽오차를 계산하는 방법을 제공하는 것이다.The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and a first object of the present invention is to provide a method for calculating an accurate contour error in numerically controlled milling.
본 발명의 제 2 목적은 정확한 윤곽오차를 제어하기위해 이송방향의 변화와 가공면의 법선 방향을 이용해 이송속도를 조정하는 방법을 제공하는 것이다.A second object of the present invention is to provide a method of adjusting the feed rate by using the change of the feed direction and the normal direction of the machining surface in order to control the correct contour error.
본 발명의 제 3 목적은 가공면의 법선방향과 가공여유를 제어기에 전달하기위한 전달 매체를 제공하는 것이다.It is a third object of the present invention to provide a transmission medium for transmitting the normal direction of the machining surface and the machining margin to the controller.
상기와 같은 발명의 목적은, 수치제어장치에 공구경로와 함께 가공면의 법선벡터를 함께 전달하는 데이터 전송단계; 수치제어장치에서 정확한 윤곽오차를 계산하는 오차예측 단계; 예측된 오차를 최소화 하기위해 이송속도를 제어하는 이송속도 제어단계; 를 포함하는 것을 특징으로하는 수치제어 밀링의 윤곽오차 제어방법에 의해 달성된다. An object of the invention as described above, the data transmission step of transmitting the normal vector of the machining surface together with the tool path to the numerical control device; An error prediction step of calculating an accurate contour error in the numerical controller; A feed rate control step of controlling a feed rate to minimize the predicted error; It is achieved by the method of controlling the contour error of numerical control milling, characterized in that it comprises a.
도 1은 입력경로(10)와 실제이송경로(20)사이의 제어오차(30,40)가 가공면(60)의 법선방향(50)과 같을경우 설계윤곽보다 적게 절삭되는 미삭(30)과 설계윤곽보다 많이 절삭되는 과삭(40)이 발생함을 보여준다.1 shows a fine finish 30 that is cut less than the design contour when the control errors 30 and 40 between the input path 10 and the actual feed path 20 are the same as the normal direction 50 of the machining surface 60. It shows that overcut 40 occurs that is cut more than the design contour.
도 2는 입력경로(10)와 실제이송경로(20)사이의 제어오차(70)의 방향이 가공면의 법선방향(50)과 수직일 경우; 즉 제어오차의 방향이 가공면과 평행일 경우 가공오차가 없게(70)됨을 보여준다.FIG. 2 shows that the direction of the control error 70 between the input path 10 and the actual feed path 20 is perpendicular to the normal direction 50 of the machined surface; That is, when the direction of the control error is parallel to the machining surface shows that there is no machining error (70).
기존에는 입력경로(10)와 출력경로(20)사이의 최단 거리를 오차로 보기때문에 실제 윤곽오차와 거리가 있으며, 이송방향이 크게 변하는 경로(30,40,70)에서는 무조건 이송속도를 줄임으로 가공시간이 길어지는 문제점이 있다.Conventionally, since the shortest distance between the input path 10 and the output path 20 is viewed as an error, there is an actual contour error and a distance, and the path (30, 40, 70) in which the conveying direction is largely changed to reduce the feed rate unconditionally. There is a problem that the processing time is long.
본 발명에서는 실제 윤곽오차 Ce 를 입력경로(10)와 실제경로(20)의 최단거리를 나타내는 제어오차 E 중에 가공면(60)에 대한 법선방향(50) N 성분으로 정의하며, 기존의 제어오차 백터 E(Ex, Ey, Ez)와 단위법선벡터 N(Nx, Ny, Nz)의 내적으로 계산한다.In the present invention, the actual contour error Ce is defined as the N component of the normal direction 50 with respect to the machining surface 60 in the control error E representing the shortest distance between the input path 10 and the actual path 20, and the existing control error. Calculate the inner product of the vectors E (Ex, Ey, Ez) and the unit normal vectors N (Nx, Ny, Nz).
Ce = EㆍN = Ex×Nx + Ey×Ny + Ez×NzCe = E ㆍ N = Ex × Nx + Ey × Ny + Ez × Nz
도 1의 미삭(30)과 과삭(40)의 경우 제어오차 백터와 법선 백터가 같은방향이므로 실제 윤곽오차가 제어오차와 같으며, 도 2의 제어오차 발생부(70)의 경우 제어오차백터와 법선백터의 내적이 0이므로 실제 윤곽오차는 제어오차와 관계 없이 0이 된다. In the case of the fine 30 and the over 40 of FIG. 1, since the control error vector and the normal vector are in the same direction, the actual contour error is the same as the control error, and in the case of the control error generator 70 of FIG. Since the inner product of the normal vector is zero, the actual contour error is zero regardless of the control error.
제안된 윤곽오차 계산 방법을 이용한 이송 속도제어 제어방법은 다음과 같다. 윤곽오차가 발생되는 도 1의 경우는 코너(30)와 곡선(40)에서 감속해 오차를 줄이고, 윤곽오차가 0이되는 도 2의 경우는 코너와 곡선(70)에서 제어능력에 관계 없이 빠른 속도로 이송함으로써 가공시간이 짧아지도록 한다.The feedrate control method using the proposed contour error calculation method is as follows. In the case of FIG. 1 in which the contour error is generated, the error is reduced at the corner 30 and the curve 40 to reduce the error. In the case of FIG. 2 in which the contour error is 0, the corner and the curve 70 are fast regardless of the control ability. By feeding at speed, the machining time is shortened.
수치제어 밀링에서 정확한 윤곽오차를 계산하기 위해서는 가공면의 법선방향 정보가 필요하나 기존 NC코드는 공구경로와 이송속도만을 전달하고 있다. 본 발명에서는 가공면의 법선방향 정보와 가공여유를 전달하기위한 코드로 법선방향벡터를 이용할것을 제안한다. 법선벡터의 방향은 면의 수직 방향을 크기는 가공여유를 의미하도록 해서 수치제어기에서 윤곽오차가 가공여유보다 작도록 이송속도를 제어할 수있도록 한다. 또한 공구경로와 이송속도만을 입력받는 기존 수치제어기를 이용할 경우 프로그램에서 윤곽오차를 예측하고 NC코드의 이송속도를 미리 바꾸어 수치제어기에 전송하는 방법을 이용한다.In order to calculate the exact contour error in numerically controlled milling, the normal direction information of the machining surface is required, but the existing NC code transmits only the tool path and feedrate. The present invention proposes to use a normal direction vector as a code for transmitting normal direction information and a processing margin of a machining surface. The direction of the normal vector means that the vertical direction of the plane means the machining allowance so that the feed rate can be controlled in the numerical controller so that the contour error is smaller than the machining allowance. In addition, when using the existing numerical controller that receives only the tool path and feedrate, the program predicts the contour error and transfers the NC code's feedrate to the numerical controller.
도 3은 공구경로와 법선벡터(S10)를 입력해 제안된 방법으로 윤곽오차(S20)를 계산하고, 윤곽오차가 허용오차보다 클 경우(S30) 이송속도를 줄이고 작을경우 이송속도를 출력(S40)하는 이송속도 제어방법을 흐름도로 보여준다.Figure 3 calculates the contour error (S20) in the proposed method by inputting the tool path and the normal vector (S10), and if the contour error is greater than the tolerance (S30), reduce the feed rate and output a feed rate (S40) The flow rate control method is shown in the flow chart.
상기와 같이 본 발명의 윤곽오차 계산방법과 제어방법에 의하면, 3차원 가공뮬에 발생하는 실제 윤곽오차를 계산할 수 있있다. 따라서, 모든 코너와 곡선 경로에서 감속하던 수치제어 방식과는 다르게, 이송방향의 변화가 가공면에 수직하면 감속하지만 경사지면 감속정도를 줄이고 평행하면 빠르게 이송하는 이송속도 제어 방법으로 실제 윤곽오차를 허용오차보다 작에 유지하면서 가공속도를 향상시킬 수 있다.According to the contour error calculation method and control method of the present invention as described above, it is possible to calculate the actual contour error occurring in the three-dimensional processing mule. Therefore, unlike the numerical control method that decelerated at all corners and curved paths, the actual contour error is allowed by the feedrate control method, in which the change of the feed direction slows down when it is perpendicular to the machining surface, but reduces the deceleration level on the inclined plane and moves rapidly when parallel. The processing speed can be improved while keeping it smaller than the error.
비록 본 발명이 상기 언급된 바람직한 실시 예와 관련하여 설명되었지만, 발명의 요지와 범위로부터 벗어남이 없이 다양한 수정이나 변형을 하는 것이 가능하다. 따라서 첨부된 특허 청구범위는 본 발명의 요지에서 속하는 이러한 수정이나 변형을 포함할 것이다.Although the present invention has been described in connection with the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it is possible to make various modifications or variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the appended claims will cover such modifications and variations as fall within the spirit of the invention.
도 1은 공구경로의 제어오차의 방향이 가공면의 법선 방향과 같을 경우 가공면에 과삭과 미삭이 발생함을 도시한 그림,1 is a diagram showing that over machining and finishing occurs in the machining surface when the direction of the control error of the tool path is the same as the normal direction of the machining surface;
도 2는 공구경로의 제어오차의 방향이 가공면의 법선 방향과 수직일 경우; 즉 제어오차가 가공면와 평행한 방향일 경우 가공면에 오차가 가 발생하지 않음을 도시한 그림,2 is a case where the direction of the control error of the tool path is perpendicular to the normal direction of the machining surface; In other words, when the control error is parallel to the machined surface, no error occurs in the machined surface.
도 3은 정확한 윤곽오차 제어를 위한 수치제어밀링의 데이터 입력, 오차예측 및 이송속도 제어방법을 나타낸 흐름도이다. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a data input, error prediction, and feed rate control method of numerical control milling for accurate contour error control.
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KR100880734B1 (en) * | 2007-05-31 | 2009-02-02 | 정융호 | Step length optimization method of NC data for enhancing 5-axis milling speed based on machine dynamics |
CN113741341A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-12-03 | 西安交通大学 | Part contour error prediction method and system for cutting under strict definition |
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JPH02178885A (en) * | 1988-12-29 | 1990-07-11 | Sony Corp | Method for finding two-dimensional projection figure of three-dimensional shape model |
US5033237A (en) * | 1990-02-08 | 1991-07-23 | Kobelco Compressors (America), Inc. | Method of numerically controlled profile grinding |
KR20000033203A (en) * | 1998-11-20 | 2000-06-15 | 장흥순 | Method of pr0cessing while keeping precision degree at corner upon processing at high speed |
KR20030060272A (en) * | 2002-01-08 | 2003-07-16 | 학교법인 포항공과대학교 | Apparatus and method for controlling numerical of high process |
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JPH02178885A (en) * | 1988-12-29 | 1990-07-11 | Sony Corp | Method for finding two-dimensional projection figure of three-dimensional shape model |
US5033237A (en) * | 1990-02-08 | 1991-07-23 | Kobelco Compressors (America), Inc. | Method of numerically controlled profile grinding |
KR20000033203A (en) * | 1998-11-20 | 2000-06-15 | 장흥순 | Method of pr0cessing while keeping precision degree at corner upon processing at high speed |
KR20030060272A (en) * | 2002-01-08 | 2003-07-16 | 학교법인 포항공과대학교 | Apparatus and method for controlling numerical of high process |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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KR100880734B1 (en) * | 2007-05-31 | 2009-02-02 | 정융호 | Step length optimization method of NC data for enhancing 5-axis milling speed based on machine dynamics |
CN113741341A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-12-03 | 西安交通大学 | Part contour error prediction method and system for cutting under strict definition |
CN113741341B (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2023-03-31 | 西安交通大学 | Part contour error prediction method and system for cutting under strict definition |
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