KR20050101930A - Remote observation system using optical fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a remote monitoring system, comprising a central monitoring unit and at least one or more remote terminals, wherein the one or more remote terminals are connected one by one, the remote of the part of starting the connection of the one or more connected remote terminals Remote terminals of the terminal and the end of the connection is characterized in that each of the central monitoring unit is connected to form a ring of the overall system.

Description

Ring-type remote monitoring system connected by optical fiber {Remote Observation System using Optical fiber}

The present invention relates to a remote monitoring system, and more particularly, to a system for facilitating the flow and control of data by connecting a central monitoring unit and a remote terminal of the remote monitoring system in a ring shape using an optical fiber +.

Optical communication is a communication method that transmits information through a fiber optic cable, unlike a wired communication using a metal core wire or a wireless communication using a frequency.

After the development of semiconductor lasers in the 1960s and the theoretical paper on the optical fiber of Dr. HOCKHAM and Dr. KAO, active research into optical fiber manufacturing confirmed the loss of 200dB / km in the late 60s and the loss of 20dB / km by removing impurities. As it is possible, it was confirmed that copper wire could be replaced with glass fiber [optical fiber].

In 1970, Corning produced the first 20dB / km optical fiber and made the optical fiber reduced to 1.18dB / km by oscillating a laser suitable for optical communication at room temperature. Since then reliable [1. ² μm ~ 1. ⁷ μm area] Optical device development, fiber optic manufacturing method, cabling, splicing method, and measurement method have made practical optical fiber cable, and very small loss value of 0.2dB / km is realized. It is possible to transmit information over a long distance of km to 200km.

155 Mbps and 622 Mbps optical transmission systems have been developed and used as subscribers, 2.5 Gbps commercialized in high-speed information communication networks, and 10 Gbps and 100 Gbps optical transmission systems are currently being developed.

1 is a block diagram illustrating a general optical communication method.

Typical communication systems include light sources, optical fibers, photodetectors, and decoders.

The encoder is responsible for converting the information into a coded electrical signal. The light source converts an electrical signal into a light signal using a semiconductor laser and enters the optical fiber. The optical fiber carries the optical signal to the desired place. The optical repeater compensates for the distortion of the optical signal due to the loss and dispersion of the optical fiber. It receives the optical signal from the optical fiber and converts it into an electric signal and then converts it into an original optical signal. However, nowadays, optical fiber amplifiers (EDFA) and distributed compensation fiber (DSF) have been developed rather than optical repeaters to compensate for the loss and dispersion of optical fiber, making it possible to construct long-distance optical network economically. The photodetector converts the optical signal transmitted through the optical fiber into an electrical signal through the detector. The decoder converts the encoded electrical signal into its original information form.

2 is a block diagram of a conventional remote sensing system.

The conventional remote monitoring system includes one central monitoring unit and a plurality of remote terminals.

The central monitoring unit and multiple remote terminals each have a point-to-point connection. The central monitoring unit collects data transmitted from each remote terminal and monitors and manages them collectively.

However, in this connection method, since the remote terminals are connected to the central monitoring unit, one remote terminal cannot monitor and control the other remote terminal, and the line connecting the central monitoring unit and the remote terminal is broken by damage. The reality was that the data flow had to be stopped until recovery.

The present invention is to provide a system that is easy to transmit data and can monitor and control the remote terminal of the other channel in all remote terminals to solve the above problems.

The present invention relates to a remote monitoring system, comprising a central monitoring unit and at least one or more remote terminals, wherein the one or more remote terminals are connected one by one, and a remote terminal of a part of starting the connection of the one or more remote terminals connected thereto. Remote terminals at the end of the connection with the central monitoring unit, respectively, characterized in that the overall system of the connection forms a ring.

In the present invention, the remote terminal preferably transmits and receives video data, general data, and Ethernet data.

In the present invention, the remote terminal includes an image input unit to which an image signal is input; A data input unit to which general data is input; An image and data combiner which combines the image signal and general data; An image and data signal transmission unit for transmitting the combined signal to convert the photoelectric signal into a photoelectric signal; An Ethernet signal input unit to which an Ethernet signal is input; An Ethernet signal coding unit encoding the input Ethernet signal; An ethernet signal transmitter for transmitting the encoded ethernet signal to a photoelectric signal; Photoelectric and all-optical conversion unit for converting the electrical signal and the encoded Ethernet signal combined with the video signal and the general data into a photoelectric signal or converts the photoelectric signal transmitted from the adjacent channel into an electrical signal and the converted photoelectric signal and the adjacent channel It is preferable to include an optical wavelength coupling unit for coupling the photoelectric signal transmitted from.

In the present invention, the optical wavelength combiner preferably includes a first optical combiner for controlling an optical signal transmitted upward and a second optical combiner for controlling an optical signal transmitted downward.

In the present invention, the image input unit is an impedance matching and amplifying unit for matching the impedance and amplifying the input image signal, a low pass filter for removing a signal of the high frequency portion of the amplified signal and the input analog image signal as a digital signal It is preferable to include an analog-to-digital converter for converting.

In the present invention, the Ethernet signal coding unit preferably includes a signal input unit for inputting a signal to be transmitted to the Ethernet and a signal converter for converting the input signal into an Ethernet signal.

In the present invention, the image and data combiner means for combining the image currently input from the remote terminal with the image input from the adjacent channel, the data detector for automatically detecting the type of the general data input and the synchronization for synchronizing the signal It is preferable to include a synchronization signal combining unit for combining the signal and the image and data.

In the present invention, it is preferable that the image and data signal transmission unit encodes the input synchronization signal, the image signal and the general data, and transmits the encoded signal to the first optical wavelength combiner or the second optical wavelength combiner according to the flow direction of the data. .

In the present invention, it is preferable that the photoelectric and all-optical converting unit drives the encoded sync signal, the image signal, and general data into light or converts the optical signal input from the optical wavelength combiner into an electrical signal.

In the present invention, the optical wavelength combiner is an optical wavelength separation unit for separating the optical signal input from the adjacent channel for each signal; Means for distributing the optical signal and transmitting it to the photoelectric and all-optical converter; An optical signal input unit to which an optical signal input from the photoelectric and all-optical converter is input; Means for inputting an Ethernet signal coded with the optical signal; It is preferable to include an optical wavelength integrating unit for combining the optical signal, the general data and the Ethernet signal inputted by the user with the optical signal transmitted from the adjacent channel.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

3 is an overall configuration diagram of a remote monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the above embodiment, the remote monitoring system includes a central monitoring unit 300 and a plurality of remote terminals (301 ~ 316).

The embodiment schematically shows how the central monitoring unit 300 and the plurality of remote terminals 301 to 316 are connected in a ring shape.

Referring to FIG. 3, one central monitoring unit 300 and 16 remote terminals 301 to 316 are connected to each other by an optical cable to form a ring-shaped structure as a whole. One remote terminal 301 to 316 may transmit a video signal, general data and Ethernet signals. Each of the remote terminal (301 ~ 316) is preferably installed where you want to monitor. For example, installed in subways, harbor facilities, roads, CCTV, security facilities, etc. are good examples. The remote terminal (301 ~ 316) is installed in the place where you want to monitor as described above, the video signal is input, the general data by the user is input or the Ethernet signal is input. The video signal is preferably installed in a place where you want to monitor the transmission is preferably in real time. The general data is a control signal that is transmitted when a supervisor who monitors the remote terminal at a location where the remote terminal is installed, controls another remote terminal, or receives a video signal transmitted from the other remote terminal. . The Ethernet signal is generally used when you want to transmit the signal using the Internet.

The signals transmitted from the remote terminals 301 to 316 are transmitted to both adjacent channels. That is, in FIG. 3, when the second remote terminal 302 transmits the video signal, the general data, and the Ethernet signal, the signals are not transmitted only in one direction but the first remote terminal in both directions (upward and downward). Both 301 and the third remote terminal 303 are transmitted. Therefore, all the remote terminals connected by the ring can receive the signal transmitted from each remote terminal.

As another example, if a seventh remote terminal (not shown) transmits its video signal, general data and Ethernet signal to a central monitoring unit, the signal is an adjacent channel sixth. It is transmitted to the remote terminal and the eighth remote terminal. The sixth remote terminal receiving the signal from the seventh remote terminal, if there is a signal to be transmitted, combines it with the signal transmitted from the seventh remote terminal and transmits it to the fifth and sixth remote terminals again. do. The transmitted signal is finally transmitted to the central monitoring unit.

The central monitoring unit 300 collects the signals transmitted from all the remote terminals (301 ~ 316). Since the central monitoring unit 300 is connected in a ring shape, as shown in FIG. 3, all of the signals can be input upward or downward. However, since the upwardly incoming signal or the downwardly incoming signal is the same, the central monitoring unit preferably selects only one signal flow. Therefore, the central monitoring unit 300 normally selects an upstream signal flow and blocks the upstream signal flow or a line when a problem occurs in the upstream signal flow and changes the flow downward.

The central monitoring unit 300 and the remote terminal (301 ~ 316) is connected by an optical cable. The one optical cable can be connected up to 20 km (up to 60 km), so that it can be used in a ring shape up to 320 km (up to 960 km) without a repeater.

Detailed description of each configuration will be described below with other drawings.

4 is a detailed block diagram of a remote terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the above embodiment, the remote monitoring system includes the optical wavelength combiner 401 and 402, the photoelectric and all-optical converters 403 to 406, the image and data signal transmitter 407, the Ethernet signal transmitter 408, and the image and data. The combiner 409 and the remote terminal include an image input unit 410, a data input unit 411, an image signal selector 412, an Ethernet signal coding unit 413, and an Ethernet signal input unit 414.

The embodiment schematically shows how each of the remote terminals 301 to 316 transmits their signals and combines them with signals of adjacent channels.

Referring to FIG. 4, the image input unit 410 captures an image of a place where a remote terminal is currently located by using a camera, etc., and converts the image into a digital signal. 5 is a detailed block diagram of the image input unit. The image input unit 410 includes an impedance matching and amplifying unit 501, a low pass filter 502, and an analog-digital converter 503.

The image input unit 410 preferentially performs impedance matching. The image input apparatus connected to the image input unit 401 may be implemented in various ways. Thus, impedance matching is generally desirable to achieve impedance matching to reduce reflection due to the difference in impedance between two different connections in different systems.

Since the input video signal is small, it is amplified for transmission to the outside or combined with a carrier wave. The amplified signal may be distorted because the high frequency components, which rarely appear in the original signal, appear to be large at the time of amplification. Therefore, the low pass filter 502 filters out high frequency components. The video signal passed through the low pass filter 502 is converted into a digital signal.

The general data signal is input to the data input unit 411. The general data is mainly a control signal of a remote terminal of another channel. 5 illustrates a specific configuration of the data input unit 411.

Referring to FIG. 6, the data input unit 411 is provided with respective input units according to each command. 6, a 232 input unit 601, a 422 input unit 602, and a 485 input unit 603 are provided. The 232 input unit is suitable for simple connection such as short distance and 1: 1 for serial signal transmission (full duplex), and the 422 input unit is convenient for long distance transmission and 1: N connection for serial signal transmission (full duplex). ), The 485 input unit has a convenient structure or a half duflex structure for long distance transmission and 1: N connection as with the 422 input unit for serial signal transmission.

The Ethernet signal input unit 411 is a portion to which a signal for transmitting a signal through an Ethernet, specifically, the Internet.

The Ethernet signal coding unit 413 encodes a signal so that a signal to be transmitted through Ethernet conforms to the Internet transmission standard. A specific configuration is shown in FIG. 7. The signals transmitted through Ethernet are referred to as voice signals 701, telephone signals 702, contact signals 703 and other transmission signals 704 (hereinafter, referred to as Ethernet signals). It is preferable to include). The input Ethernet signal is encoded by the signal converter 705. The encoding method may be implemented in various ways, but it is preferable to configure a packet in accordance with the TCP / IP protocol which is generally used. The packetized Ethernet signal is transmitted to the Ethernet signal transmitter 408 through the transmitter 706.

The image and data combiner 409 combines the digitized image signal and the general data signal into one signal. 8 illustrates a configuration of the image and data combiner 409. Referring to FIG. 8, the video signal and data combiner 409 includes an image combiner 801, a data detector 802, and a sync signal combiner 803.

The image combiner 801 combines the digitized video signal and the video signal input from the adjacent channel. The method of combining both signals may be implemented in various ways, but in the present invention, it is preferable to use a wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) method or a time division multiplexing (TDM) method.

The wavelength division multiplexing method separates the wavelength of light to send each signal to the optical fiber. The number of wavelengths available for signal transmission is limited because the various wavelengths usually have to be far enough apart to be easily distinguishable at the receiving end. The time division multiplexing scheme uses a select and send system to send multiple signals one at a time in succession. It's very fast because it doesn't detect any interval or delay period in transmission.

The data detection unit 802 is a means for transmitting and receiving a serial signal over a long distance, and is a serial signal used to communicate with a central monitoring unit such as pan tilt driving of a camera or a modem, and transmits various types of serial signals such as 232, 422, and 485. Can transmit

The synchronization signal combiner 803 combines a synchronization signal with an image and a general data signal to synchronize the signal.

The image and data signal transmitter 407 encodes the combined electrical signal and transmits the encoded electrical signal to the photoelectric and all-optical signal converters 403 and 404.

The Ethernet signal transmitter 408 transmits the encoded Ethernet signal to the photoelectric and all-optical converters 405 and 406.

The photoelectric and all-optical signal converters 403 to 406 convert an electric signal transmitted from the image and data signal transmitter 407 into an optical signal or an optical signal transmitted from an adjacent channel into an electric signal. In addition, the encoded Ethernet signal is converted into an optical signal.

A total of four photoelectric and all-optical signal converters 403 to 406 are provided. Two are for the conversion of the video signal and the general data signal (first, second photoelectric and all-optical conversion unit) (403, 404), the other two are for conversion of the Ethernet signal (third, fourth Photoelectric and electro-optical conversion unit) (405, 406). One of the two is for the upstream signal flow (first, third photoelectric and all-optical conversion unit) (403, 405), the other is for the downstream signal flow (second, fourth photoelectric and all-optical conversion (404) and 406).

In addition, the photoelectric and all-optical signal converters 403 to 406 convert the optical signals transmitted from adjacent channels into electrical signals and transmit them to the image signal and data combiner 409. The monitor may check the image of the adjacent channel by extracting the signal changed into the electrical signal by the image signal selection unit 412. The above-mentioned change of the photoelectric signal to the electric signal or the electrical signal to the photoelectric signal is already known to those skilled in the art, and the detailed description thereof will be omitted here.

The optical wavelength combiner 401 and 402 combines an optical wavelength transmitted from an adjacent channel with an optical signal generated by a current remote terminal. The detailed configuration of the optical wavelength coupler 401, 402 is shown in FIG. The optical wavelength coupler 401, 402 includes a means 902 for transmitting to the optical wavelength separator 901 and a photoelectric and all-optical converter, a means for inputting an optical signal transmitted from the photoelectric and all-optical converter 903, and an Ethernet optical signal. Means 904 and light wavelength integrating portion 905.

The optical wavelength separator 901 separates optical wavelengths transmitted from adjacent channels for each channel. The separated optical signal is transmitted to the photoelectric and all-optical conversion unit by the demultiplexer so that the monitor can monitor the image signal. Each optical signal transmitted from the corresponding remote terminal is combined by the optical wavelength integrating unit 905 and transmitted to the adjacent channel.

The optical wavelength combiner 401, 402 includes a first optical wavelength combiner 401 and a second optical wavelength combiner 402. The first wavelength coupler 401 is for upward signal flow, and the second wavelength coupler 402 is for downward signal flow.

The central monitoring unit 300 collects, monitors and controls all optical signals transmitted from the remote terminal. 10 shows a detailed configuration thereof, which includes a signal separation and coupling unit 1001, an input signal selection unit 1002, and image input and data, and Ethernet signal input / output units 1003 and 1004.

The video input, data, Ethernet signal input and output unit is provided with two. One is the portion 1004 through which the signal for the upstream flow is input and output, and the other is the portion 1003 through which the downlink signal is input and output. Normally, only one of the input / output units is selected and a signal is transmitted only to one side. However, in case of short circuit or transmission error, the current I / O is cut off and the other I / O part is used. The input signal selector 1002 controls the flow of these signals.

The signal separating and combining unit 1004 separates the integrated signal input from each remote terminal for each signal. Each separated signal is input to the central monitoring unit to help monitor the status of each remote terminal in real time. In addition, the central monitoring unit 300 also integrates the video, data and Ethernet signals transmitted to each remote terminal.

The central monitoring unit 300 may display a change in the state of each remote terminal as a log message, display the installation position, and check the state of the optical cable. It is preferable to display the failure information and display the communication status in case of abnormality of each remote terminal or other ancillary equipment.

As described above, it has been described with reference to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but those skilled in the art various modifications and changes of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention described in the claims below I can understand that you can.

As described above, according to the present invention, the remote terminal and the central monitoring unit are connected in a ring to facilitate data flow, and each remote terminal can monitor and control remote terminals of different channels so that an efficient monitoring system can be operated. .

1 is a block diagram showing a conventional method of communicating using an optical fiber.

2 is a block diagram of a conventional remote monitoring system.

3 is a block diagram of a remote monitoring system using an optical fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a block diagram of a remote terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a block diagram of an image input unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

6 is a block diagram of a data input unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

7 is a block diagram of an Ethernet signal coding unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

8 is a block diagram of an image signal and data combiner according to an embodiment of the present invention.

9 is a block diagram of an optical wavelength coupler according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

10 is a block diagram of a central monitoring unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

{Description of Major Symbols in Drawings}

300: central monitoring unit 301 ~ 316: remote terminal

401, 402: optical wavelength coupler 403 ~ 406: photoelectric and all-optical converter

407: Image and data signal transmission unit 408: Ethernet signal transmission unit

409: Image and data combiner 410: Image input unit

411: data input unit 412: video signal selection unit

413: Ethernet signal coding unit 414: Ethernet signal input unit

501: impedance matching and amplifying unit 502: low pass filter

503: analog to digital conversion unit 601: 232 input unit

602: 422 input part 603: 485 input part

701 to 704: signal input unit 705: signal conversion unit

706: transmitting unit 801: image combining unit

802: data detection unit 803: synchronization signal coupling unit

1001: signal separation and coupling section 1002: input signal selection section

1003, 1004: Image input and data, Ethernet signal input and output unit

Claims (10)

In the remote monitoring system, A central monitoring unit and at least one remote terminal, wherein the one or more remote terminals are connected one by one, and each of the one or more remote terminals connected to the remote terminal starting the connection and the remote terminal ending the connection respectively Ring-type remote monitoring system connected to the optical fiber, characterized in that the connection to the central monitoring unit is the ring system of the entire system. The ring-type remote monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the remote terminal transmits and receives image data, general data, and Ethernet data. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the remote terminal comprises: an image input unit to which an image signal is input; A data input unit to which general data is input; An image and data combiner which combines the image signal and general data; An image and data signal transmission unit for transmitting the combined signal to convert the photoelectric signal into a photoelectric signal; An Ethernet signal input unit to which an Ethernet signal is input; An Ethernet signal coding unit encoding the input Ethernet signal; An ethernet signal transmitter for transmitting the encoded ethernet signal to a photoelectric signal; Photoelectric and all-optical conversion unit for converting the electrical signal and the encoded Ethernet signal combined with the video signal and the general data into a photoelectric signal or converts the photoelectric signal transmitted from the adjacent channel into an electrical signal and the converted photoelectric signal and the adjacent channel Ring-type remote monitoring system connected to the optical fiber, characterized in that it comprises an optical wavelength coupling unit for coupling the photoelectric signal transmitted from. [4] The ring-type remote monitoring connected by the optical fiber of claim 3, wherein the optical wavelength combiner comprises a first optical combiner for controlling an optical signal transmitted upward and a second optical wavelength combiner for controlling an optical signal transmitted downward. system. 4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the image input unit matches an impedance and an impedance matching and amplifying unit amplifies the input image signal, a low pass filter for removing a signal of a high frequency portion of the amplified signal, and the input analog image signal. An optical fiber connected ring type supervision system comprising an analog-to-digital converter for converting into a digital signal. [4] The ring-type remote monitoring system of claim 3, wherein the Ethernet signal coding unit comprises a signal input unit for inputting a signal to be transmitted to Ethernet and a signal converter for converting the input signal into an Ethernet signal. According to claim 3, Image and data combining unit means for combining the image currently input from the remote terminal and the image input from the adjacent channel, the data sensing unit for automatically detecting the type of the general data input and the synchronization of the signal Ring-type remote monitoring system connected by the optical fiber, characterized in that it comprises a synchronization signal for combining the synchronization signal and the image and data. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the image and data signal transmitter encodes the input synchronization signal, the image signal, and the general data, and transmits the encoded signal to the first optical wavelength combiner or the second optical wavelength combiner according to the flow direction of the data. Ring-type remote monitoring system, characterized in that connected to the optical fiber. [4] The ring type of claim 3, wherein the photoelectric and all-optical conversion unit drives the encoded sync signal, the image signal, and general data with light or converts the optical signal input from the optical wavelength combiner into an electric signal. Remote surveillance system. The optical wavelength combiner of claim 4, wherein the optical wavelength combiner comprises: an optical wavelength separator configured to separate optical signals input from adjacent channels for each signal; Means for distributing the optical signal and transmitting it to the photoelectric and all-optical converter; An optical signal input unit to which an optical signal input from the photoelectric and all-optical converter is input; Means for inputting an Ethernet signal coded with the optical signal; And a light wavelength integrating unit for combining the optical signal, general data, and Ethernet signal inputted by the user with the optical signal transmitted from the adjacent channel.