KR20050016669A - Coupling in tools for chip removing machining a tool, a cutting head and a holder - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a coupling used between a first component (301) and a second component (315) used for chip removal, wherein the coupling comprises two interaction surfaces (303,317) and surfaces (303,317). A member 21 for exerting a force together, the surfaces 303 and 317 have male portions 319A and 319B and female portions 307A and 307B, respectively, in order to be shape fixed to each other, the coupling having a longitudinal centerline. With CL, both the first component 301 and the second component 315 are provided with center holes 305 and 314 for fixing each other. The invention also relates to a tool, a cutting head and a holder. A feature of the coupling according to the invention is that the male parts 319A and 319B and the female parts 307A and 307B are formed so that the two parts 301 and 315 can only be mounted in one position with respect to each other.

Description

COUPLING IN TOOLS FOR CHIP REMOVING MACHINING A TOOL, A CUTTING HEAD AND A HOLDER}

The present invention relates to a coupling used between a first part and a second part used in a chip removing process, the coupling comprising two interaction surfaces and a member for applying a force to the surface. Each of the male and female parts has a longitudinal center line so as to enable shape fixing to each other, and the coupling has a longitudinal center line, and both the first part and the second part have a central hole for fixing each other. The invention also relates to a tool, a cutting head and a holder.

Through US-A-6 146 060, a coupling of a tool for chip forming machining is already known, which comprises two interacting surfaces and a member for forcing the surfaces together. The interaction surfaces have grooves to enable form locking with each other. A feature of the coupling according to US-A-6 146 060 is that the interaction surfaces comprise at least four positions apart from each other.

Through DE-C2-34 48 086, the coupling between the cutting head and the holder is an internal turning tool comprising a surface with three radially extending bars and an interactive surface with three radially extending grooves. Is already known. This means that the interaction surfaces can define three distinct positions with respect to each other. Another related document is US-A-5 863 162.

In the following, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a perspective view showing a part of a holder including a connection surface according to the present invention.

2 is a perspective view of a cutting head according to the present invention.

3 is an exploded perspective view of a tool according to the invention.

4 is an exploded perspective view showing the tool according to the present invention at an angle different from that of FIG. 3.

5 is a perspective view of a tool according to the invention in which parts included in the tool are interconnected.

6 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the cutting head according to the present invention.

7 is a perspective view of another embodiment of a holder according to the invention, including a connecting surface.

8 is a front view of the holder according to FIG. 7.

9 is a cross-sectional view of the cutting head mounted on the holder according to FIGS. 7 and 8.

10 is an exploded view obliquely from the rear of another embodiment of the tool according to the invention.

11 is a cross-sectional view of the cutting head included in the tool according to FIG. 10.

12 is an exploded view obliquely from the front of the tool according to FIG. 10;

13 is a cross-sectional view of the holder included in the tool according to FIG. 10.

14 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a holder included in the tool according to the present invention.

15 is a cross-sectional view of the holder according to FIG. 14.

16 is a cross-sectional view of the cutting head mounted on the holder according to FIGS. 14 and 15.

17 is a perspective view of the tool according to FIGS. 14 to 16, viewed directly by the observer into the cooling medium channel.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a coupling between two tool parts, in which the tool parts can only have a single position with respect to each other and at the same time can transmit a large torque.

The object of the invention is achieved by a coupling, a tool, a cutting head and a holder having the characterizing features defined in each independent claim. Preferred embodiments of the invention are defined in the dependent claims.

The holder 1 shown in FIG. 1 can be made of steel or cemented carbide, for example. The free end of the holder 1 shown in FIG. 1 comprises a front face 3 and a screw hole 5. The front face 3 has a circular basic shape and includes two sets of grooves 7A and 7B, respectively. Each groove set 7A and 7B generally occupies half of the front face 3 and includes a plurality of identical channels or grooves 7A and 7B which are each separated from each other. The first groove 7A has a first circumferential direction S1, the second groove 7B has a second circumferential direction S2, and the first circumferential direction S1 and the second circumferential direction S2. ) Are perpendicular to each other. The two sets of grooves 7A and 7B are adjacent to each other and overlap each other. Each first groove 7A of the first set intersects the outer surface of the holder 1 at two points, while each second groove 7B of the second set is at one point of the holder 1. Intersect the outer surface. Each groove 7A and 7B has a maximum width W, and the groove has an absolute width of 0.2 to 2 mm, preferably about 1.5 mm. Each groove has two flanks, which are connected to the bottom via sharp or rounded transitions. The angle is 40 degrees-80 degrees, Preferably it is 55 degrees-60 degrees. For further details on the cross-sectional shape of the grooves, see the relevant part of the specification belonging to US-A-6 146 060.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the first groove set 7A is made by slab milling or grinding, and the conveying direction is parallel to the first circumferential direction S1. Then, the second groove set 7B was made of the same tool in the direction parallel to the second main direction S2. In order to obtain a sufficient depth in each groove 7B of the second groove set 7B, the tool is preferably conveyed a certain distance into the first groove set 7A. Accordingly, the tool will also process the material contained in the first grooveset 7A shown in FIG. 1, so that the first tip 10, which is in whole or in part pyramid form a second grooveset in the first grooveset 7A ( It is formed at the end of 7B). In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, the first grooveset includes three grooves 7A, while the second grooveset includes four grooves 7B. The arrangement of the first groove 7A and the second groove 7B in the front face 3 has a significantly larger specific surface area than when this surface was planar.

The holder 1 according to FIG. 1 also comprises a channel 11 for cooling medium connected to a countersink 12 on the outer surface of the holder 1. The importance of the position of the cooling channel 11 in the holder 1 will be described below.

The cutting head 15 according to the invention shown in FIG. 2 is preferably used for internal turning. The cutting head 15 can be made of cemented carbide, cermet or high speed steel, for example. The cutting head 15 is generally cylindrical in shape with a corner 16 extending radially from the rest of the cutting head 15. In a conventional manner, the corner portion 16 is provided with an inclined surface and a flank surface. The cutting head 15 also has a through center hole 14 which interacts with the locking screw shown below.

 The cutting head 15 has a support surface 17, which is generally circular and comprises a third and fourth groove set. The third grooveset includes a plurality of third grooves 18A having a third circumferential direction S3, while the fourth grooveset includes a plurality of fourth grooves 18B having a fourth circumferential direction S4. The main directions S3 and S4 are perpendicular to each other. In the illustrated embodiment of the cutting head 15, three third grooves 18A and three fourth grooves 18B are arranged. Since the third and fourth circumferential directions S3 and S4 are generally intersected with each other, a second tip 19 which is wholly or partially pyramidal is formed, with any exception according to the principles of the present invention. This will be explained more clearly below. Regarding the cross-sectional shapes of the third and fourth grooves 18A and 18B, reference may be made to those described above with respect to the first and second grooves 7A and 7B. The arrangement of the third and fourth groove sets 18A and 18B at the support surface 17 will have a significantly larger specific surface area than when this surface was planar. With the third and fourth groove sets on the support surface 17, the cutting head 15 according to FIG. 2 can be produced, for example, by direct pressing or injection molding and subsequent sintering. For the groove set, it can also be produced by grinding.

In the illustrated embodiment of the cutting head 15, the mutual position of the components belonging to the cutting head 15 is such that an imaginary surface extending axially while passing through the center of the hole 14 in the fourth circumferential direction S4. It is determined to intersect the corner 16, the groove 18B, and the extension ridge 20.

An exceptionally important feature for the groove shape of the cutting head 15 is that the intermediate groove 18B in the fourth circumferential direction S4 extends only over a part of the support surface 17, more generally, the grooveset 18B. At least one groove extends across only a portion of the support surface 17. For this reason, the expansion ridge 20 is formed and it is not penetrated by the intermediate groove 18B of the groove set which has the 4th main direction S4. The ridge 20 constitutes a stop in the groove 18B. The imaginary extension of the ridge is either offset or offset from the longitudinal center axis of the tool. The formation of the extension ridge 20 having the maximum extension length in the third circumferential direction S3 allows the cutting head 15 to be mounted in the holder 1 only in one direction, which is the front of the holder 1 ( 3) If you look closely at the shape of the groove, you can see.

To illustrate the coupling of the cutting head 15 to the front face 3 of the holder 1, reference is made to FIGS. 3 to 5. Referring to these figures, the cutting head 15 is fixed to the holder 1 via the locking screw 21, and the locking screw 21 is connected to the holder 1 through the through hole 14 of the cutting head 15. Enter the screw hole (5). As shown in FIG. 4, the cutting head 15 is provided with a step or the like which is connected with the through hole 14 and interacts with the head of the locking screw 21.

When the support surface 17 of the cutting head 15 is in contact with the front face 3 of the holder 1, the extension ridge 20 of the cutting head 15 is in the first circumferential direction S1 located at the outermost side. Is accommodated in the first groove 7A. Observing the groove shape of the front face 3 and the support surface 17, it can be seen that the only position in which the extension ridge 20 can be accommodated is the first groove 7A located at the outermost side in the first groove set. . Thereby, the risk that the cutting head 15 is mounted in an incorrect position is eliminated. In this connection, if the cutting head 15 is mounted in an incorrect position with respect to the holder 1, an inclination of the cutting head 15 with respect to the holder 1 will occur, and this inclination is so great that the locking screw 21 ) Cannot enter the screw hole 5 of the holder 1.

In FIG. 5, the cutting head 15 is shown mounted on the holder 1. Since the cutting head 15 can be mounted at a predetermined single position in the holder 1, the cooling channel (ie, the cooling medium discharged from the cooling channel 11 is directed toward the corner 16 of the cutting head 15). 11) it is possible to arrange. Therefore, the possibility that the cutting edge can satisfactorily cool the cutting edge when performing the chip removing processing of the workpiece is improved.

Another embodiment of the cutting head 115 according to the invention shown in FIG. 6 is mainly related to the cutting head 15 of the above-described embodiment in terms of the number of grooves in each set disposed on the support surface 117 of the cutting head. different. Thus, each set of grooves 118A, 118B of the cutting head 115 includes additional grooves as compared to the cutting head 15. In a manner corresponding to the cutting head 5, the groove sets 118A and 118B have main directions S3 and S4 respectively perpendicular to each other. Since the grooves 118A and 118B intersect with each other, a second tip 119 is formed, wholly or partly pyramid, whatever the exception according to the principles of the present invention. The two intermediate grooves 118B in the fourth circumferential direction S4 extend along only a part of the support surface 117. As a result, the extension ridge 120 is formed, which is not penetrated by the intermediate groove 118B in the groove set having the fourth circumferential direction S4. In the formation of the extension ridge 120 having the maximum extension length in the third circumferential direction S3, the cutting head (1) has a groove shape according to the same principle as that of the holder 1 but is fixed to the cutting head 115. 115 can only be mounted in one direction. The imaginary extension of the stretch ridge 20 extends away from or offset from the longitudinal center axis of the cutting head. As shown in FIG. 6, a recess 122 is provided in a pyramidal tip 119 closest to the hole 114 and a portion of the ridge 120 located closest to the hole 114. The seth is required to have some tolerance around the hole 114 and is arranged for manufacturing reasons.

Another embodiment of the holder 201 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 includes a screw hole 205 as well as a front face 203. The front face 203 generally has a circular cross section and has a groove 207 located asymmetrically with respect to the longitudinal center line CL of the holder 201. In the embodiment according to FIGS. 7 and 8, the groove 207 is located substantially in half of the front face 203.

The cutting head 215 shown in FIG. 9 is mounted to the holder 201. In general, the cutting head 215 has a basic shape corresponding to the cutting heads 15 and 115, and is provided with grooves or cutting edges 216. The cutting edge of the corner portion is substantially parallel to the center line CL. The cutting head 215 also has a supporting surface 217 which comes into contact with the front face 203 when the cutting head 215 is mounted to the holder 201. The cutting head 215 has a ridge 219 attached to the support surface, which is located substantially within half of the support surface 217. Ridge 219 has a shape that is substantially complementary to groove 207. Looking closely at the holder 201 and the cutting head 215, it can be seen that the cutting head 215 can be mounted in the holder 201 only in one direction due to the position of the groove 207 and the ridge 219. . The locking screw (not shown) thus passes through the holes 205, 214 of the holder 201 and the cutting head 215, respectively.

In another embodiment of the parts included in the tool according to the invention shown in FIGS. 10 to 13, the holder 301 has in principle a corresponding groove 307B, such as the groove 207 of the holder 201. However, the holder 301 further has a second groove 307A, the circumferential direction of the groove 307A is indicated by "S301", and the circumferential direction of the groove 307B is indicated by "S302". . As shown in Figs. 12 and 13, the main direction S301 and the main direction S302 are located on the same plane and do not form a right angle with each other. The cutting head 315 is generally manufactured in the same manner as the cutting heads 15, 115, and 215. The lock screw 21 passes through the hole 314 of the cutting head 315 and enters into the screw hole 305 of the holder 301 so that the lock screw 21 is between the cutting head 315 and the holder 301. Provide a combination of The cutting head 315 has a first ridge 319A and a second ridge 319B, which have main directions S303 and S304, respectively. Correspondingly, the main direction S303 and the main direction S304 are located on the same plane and do not form a right angle with each other. When the cutting head 315 is mounted to the holder 301, the ridges 319A and 319B are received in the grooves 307A and 307B, respectively.

In another embodiment of the part included in the tool according to the invention shown in FIGS. 14 to 17, the holder 401 has two grooves 407A and 407B, the circumferential directions of the grooves being " S401 " It is indicated by "S402". The main directions S401 and S402 are located on a common plane and are perpendicular to each other. The cutting head 415 is generally manufactured in the same manner as the cutting head 315, but the main directions S403 and S404 of the ridges 419A and 419B are perpendicular to each other. The cutting head 415 is mounted to the holder 401, and the ridges 419A and 419B are received in the grooves 407A and 407B, respectively.

Common to all of the above embodiments, the holders 1, 201, 301, 401 are integral with a shaft mounted to a machining tool.

Common to all of the above embodiments, the front face 3,203,303,403 and the support surface 17,117,217,317,417 preferably have an extension perpendicular to the longitudinal center line CL of the tool.

Common to all of the above embodiments, the cutting heads 15, 115, 215, 315, 415 may only be mounted in one direction to the accessory holders 1, 201, 301, 401 that were provided according to the position of the grooves and ridges. Can be. This is particularly important for the cooling of the cutting heads 15, 115, 215, 315, 415 of the tool. Due to the fact that the cutting heads 15, 115, 215, 315, 415 and the holders 1, 201, 301, 401 can be in only one mutual position relative to each other, the cooling medium from the cooling medium channels 11, 211, 311, 411 is directed towards the corners 16, 116, 216, 316, 416 of the cutting heads 15, 115, 215, 315, 415. Will be headed. This is shown in FIG. 17 for the holder 401 and the cutting head 415, and it can be seen that the imaginary extension of the cooling medium channel 411 intersects the edge 416. It is preferable that the same configuration is generally applicable to all the above-mentioned embodiments.

The term "shape fixation" means that in the case of the present invention, the male part and the female part (each of the ridge and groove) have flank contact (line contact) with each other, but the shape of the male part and the female part need not be completely coincident. . In addition to the male and female portions (e.g., ridges and grooves) exemplified above, a general protruding portion that interacts with a recess having a shape in which shape fixation is provided between the interaction members is also feasible within the scope of the present invention. Do. Thus, the maximum and minimum points of interacting male and female portions are spaced apart from the centerline of the central hole at a distance.

In general, the tool according to the invention and the components included in the tool are preferably of small size. Thus, the diameter according to the corner size for the tool / cutting head / holder is usually in the range of 5 to 10 mm. The amount of protrusion of the corner portions 16, 116, 216, 316, 416 from the rest of the cutting heads 15, 115, 215, 315, 415 is usually in the range of 2-5 mm.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 7 to 17, the asymmetrical positions of the grooves 207, 307A, 307B, 407A, 407B indicate that these grooves cause some elastic deformation, i.e., the appended ridges 219, 319A, 319B, 419A. 419B). This is facilitated by the asymmetrical location because there is considerably less material on one of the sides of the grooves 207, 307A, 307B, 407A, 407B. Elastic deformation promotes satisfactory contact between the front face 3,203,303,403 and the support surface 17,117,217,317,417.

Modifications of the Invention

In the above embodiment, the extension ridges 20, 120 are disposed on the cutting heads 15, 115. This means that it is the cutting head 15,115 that is modified in principle in comparison with the known art introduced in US-A-6 146 060. This means that the new cutting heads 15,115 according to the invention are generally mounted in a holder according to US-A-6 146 060, which of course is an exceptionally great advantage.

However, within the scope of the present invention, it is also possible for the groove shape to change position, that is, the front face of the holder is provided with the extension ridge. This is generally applicable to all the embodiments described above.

In the above-described embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 6, the extension ridges 20, 120 are located on the cutting heads 15, 115 as far as possible from the edges 16, 116. However, other positions of the stretch ridges in the cutting head are also feasible within the scope of the present invention. Thus, the stretch ridge extends in the third circumferential direction S3, but may be located closer to the corner portions 16,116. The expansion ridge may also be extended in the fourth circumferential direction S4. If the position of the extension ridge at the cutting heads 15, 115 is corrected, then a corresponding correction to the groove shape at the front 3 of the holder 1 must also be made. In the case where the extension ridge is located on the front face 3 of the holder 1, other corresponding positions can be naturally performed, and in this case, correction of the groove shape of the support surface of the cutting head is required. Other positions of the ridges and grooves are shown in the embodiment according to FIGS. 7 to 17.

Claims (10)

As a coupling between the first component (1,201,301,401) and the second component (15,115,215,315,415) used for chip removal machining, The coupling includes a member 21 that exerts a force on two interaction surfaces (3,17; 117; 203,217; 303,317; 403,417) and the interaction surfaces (3,17; 117; 203,217; 303,317; 403,417). And the interaction surfaces (3,17; 117; 203,217; 303,317; 403,417) have male portions (10,19,20; 119,120; 219; 319A, 319B; 419A, 419B, respectively) to enable shape fixing to each other. ) And arm portions 7A, 7B, 18A, 18B; 118A, 118B; 207; 307A, 307B; 407A, 407B, the coupling having a longitudinal center line CL, the first parts 1, 201, 301, 401 and the first Both components 15, 115, 215, 315, 415 both have couplings with a central hole (5, 14; 114; 205, 214; 305, 314; 405, 414) for securing the parts 1, 15; 115; 201, 215; 301, 315; 401, 415 to each other. In The male part 20; 120; 219; 319A, 319B; 419A, 419B and the female part 7A; 207 so that the parts 1,15; 115; 201,215; 301,315; 401,415 can be mounted in only one position with respect to each other. 307A, 307B; 407A, 407B, wherein the coupling is formed. The maximum and minimum points of the interacting male and female portions 20, 7A; 120; 219, 207; 319A, 319B, 307A, 307B, 419A, 419B, 407A, 407B are provided in the center hole 205, 214. ; 305,314; 405,414, characterized in that the coupling is located at a distance from the center line (CL). Coupling according to claim 1, wherein the first component (1, 201, 301, 401) has a channel for cooling medium (11, 211, 311, 411) present on the outer surface of the first component (1, 201, 301, 401). Coupling according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the interaction surfaces (3,17; 117; 203,217; 303,317; 403,417) extend perpendicular to the longitudinal centerline (CL) of the tool. . A tool for chip removal machining comprising a coupling between a first part (1; 201; 301; 401) and a second part (15; 115; 215; 315; 415) according to claim 1, The coupling provides a member 21 for applying forces to two interaction surfaces (3,17; 117; 203,217; 303,317; 403,417) and their interaction surfaces (3,17; 117; 203,217; 303,317; 403,417). And the interaction surfaces (3,17; 117; 203,217; 303,317; 403,417) have male portions (10,19; 119; 219; 319A, 319B; 419A, 419B), respectively, to enable shape fixation to each other. And arm portions 7A, 7B, 18A, 18B; 118A, 118B; 207; 307A, 307B; 407A, 407B, the tool having a longitudinal center line CL, the first part 1,201,301,401 and the second part. (15,115,215,315,415) all in a chip removal tool having a central hole (5,14; 114; 205,214; 305,314; 405,414) for holding the components (1,15; 115; 201,215; 301,315; 401,415) relative to each other. In The male part 10,19; 119; 219; 319A, 319B; 419A, 419B and the female part 7A so that the parts 1,15; 115; 201,215; 301,315; 401,415 can be mounted in only one position with respect to each other. 7B, 18A, 18B; 118A, 118B; 207; 307A, 307B; 407A, 407B. 6. The tool as claimed in claim 5, wherein the interacting male and female portions (207; 307A, 307B; 407A, 407B) are located asymmetrically with respect to the central hole (205,214; 305,314; 405,414). 7. Tool according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the first part has a channel for cooling medium present on the outer surface of the first part (1,201,301,401). A cutting head included in the tool for chip removing machining according to claim 5, The cutting head 15, 115, 215, 315, 415 includes surfaces 17, 117, 217, 317, 417 that interact with other surfaces included in the tool, and the tool includes members 21 for applying forces to the surfaces 17, 117, 217, 317, 417 with the second surface. , The surfaces 17, 117, 217, 317, 417 of the cutting heads 15, 115, 215, 315, 415 have male and female portions 10, 19; 119; 219; 319A, 319B; 419A, 419B for shape fixing to the second surface, and the cutting heads 15, 115, 215, 315, 415. Has a longitudinal center line CL, and the cutting heads 15, 115, 215, 315, 415 have a center hole 14, 114, 214, 314, 414. The members 20,120,219, 319A, 319B; 419A, 419B, which allow the surfaces 17,117,217,317,417 of the cutting heads 15,115,215,315,415 to be mounted in only one position with respect to the second surface, are asymmetrical with respect to the central hole 14,114,214,314,414. A cutting head, characterized in that located on the surface (17,117,217,317,417) of (15,115,215,315,415). A holder included in a tool for chip removing machining according to claim 5, The holders 1, 201, 301, 401 comprise surfaces 3, 203, 303, 403 which interact with other surfaces included in the tool, the tool having a member for applying a force to the surfaces 3, 203, 303, 403 of the holders 1, 201, 301, 401 together with a second surface, The surfaces 3,203,303,403 of the holders 1,201,301,401 have male or female portions 7A, 7B, 18A, 18B; 118A, 118B; 207; 307A, 307B, 407A, 407B to enable shape fixation to the second surface. The holders 1,201,301 and 401 have a longitudinal center line CL, and the holders 1,201,301 and 401 have a center hole 5,205,305 and 405. Male or female portions 7A; 207; 307A, 307B; 407A, 407B, which allow the surfaces 3,203, 303, 403 of the holders 1, 201, 301, 401 to be mounted in only one position with respect to the second surface, are asymmetrical with respect to the central hole 5, 205, 305, 405. The holder (1,201,301,401) on the surface (3,203,303,403). 10. Holder according to claim 9, characterized in that the holder (1,201,301,401) has channels (11,211,311,411) for cooling medium open at its outer surface.