KR20050007958A - Method for removal carbon dioxide useing absorption - Google Patents

Method for removal carbon dioxide useing absorption Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20050007958A
KR20050007958A KR1020030047601A KR20030047601A KR20050007958A KR 20050007958 A KR20050007958 A KR 20050007958A KR 1020030047601 A KR1020030047601 A KR 1020030047601A KR 20030047601 A KR20030047601 A KR 20030047601A KR 20050007958 A KR20050007958 A KR 20050007958A
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
carbon dioxide
absorbent
adsorbent
absorption
exhaust gas
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KR1020030047601A
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Korean (ko)
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김대중
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두산중공업 주식회사
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Priority to KR1020030047601A priority Critical patent/KR20050007958A/en
Publication of KR20050007958A publication Critical patent/KR20050007958A/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
    • B01D53/1456—Removing acid components
    • B01D53/1475—Removing carbon dioxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
    • B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a method for removing carbon dioxide from exhaust gas, which is easy to handle an adsorbent, is able to prevent corrosion of the adsorbent and does not require additional energy loss by using an alkaline metal based solid adsorbent. CONSTITUTION: The method comprises the steps of (a) contacting an alkaline metal based dry solid adsorbent with exhaust gas; (b) selectively adsorbing carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas by using the solid adsorbent; (c) separating the carbon dioxide from the adsorbent by using steam; and (d) reusing the dry adsorbent for the method.

Description

흡수제를 이용한 이산화탄소 제거방법{Method for removal carbon dioxide useing absorption}Method for removal carbon dioxide useing absorption}

본 발명은 흡수제를 이용한 이산화탄소 제거방법에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 알카리 금속계열의 고체 흡수제를 사용하여 다루기 손쉽고, 부식됨이 방지되며, 아울러 추가적인 에너지 손실이 없는 이산화탄소 제거방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a carbon dioxide removal method using an absorbent, and more particularly, to a carbon dioxide removal method that is easy to handle using an alkali metal-based solid absorbent, is prevented from being corroded, and there is no additional energy loss.

일반적으로, 이산화탄소 처리기술방법은 습식흡수법, 흡착법, 막분리법, 심냉법 등이 있다. 이러한 여러방법 중 대표적으로 흡수법을 살펴보면, 첨부된 예시도면 도 1에 도시된 바와 같이 흡수액(MEA , DEA, TEA등 다양함)을 흡수탑 상부에서 분사하여 40℃의 배기가스와 접촉시키는 단계와; 이 단계 이후 흡수액이 배기가스에 포함된 이산화탄소만을 선택적으로 흡수하는 단계와; 이 단계 이후 120℃정도의 가열기를 통과시키면서 농축시키는 단계와; 이 단계 이후 흡수액에서 이산화탄소가 분리되는 단계와; 이 단계 이후 흡수액을 재사용하기 위해 흡수탑으로 이송되는 단계로 이루어져 있다. 상기 흡수법은 현재 가장 안정화된 공정이며, 배가스중 CO2처리를 위한 Pilot Plant가 많이 가동되고 있다.Generally, the carbon dioxide treatment technique includes a wet absorption method, an adsorption method, a membrane separation method, a deep cooling method, and the like. As a representative example of the various methods, the absorption step (various MEA, DEA, TEA, etc.) of the absorbing liquid (MEA, DEA, TEA, etc.) as shown in Figure 1 attached to the step of contacting the exhaust gas of 40 ℃ and ; Selectively absorbing the carbon dioxide contained in the exhaust gas after the absorbing liquid; Concentrating while passing through a heater of about 120 ℃ after this step; Separating carbon dioxide from the absorbent liquid after this step; This step consists of a step of being transferred to the absorption tower for reuse of the absorbent liquid. The absorption method is the most stabilized process at present, and many pilot plants for treating CO 2 in flue gas are operating.

그러나 상기 방법은 고가의 흡수액이 사용되고 흡수액의 열화로 인하여 성능 저하 및 반응기 부식을 유발하는 단점을 가지고 있으며, 반응 온도가 너무 낮고 재생을 위한 에너지 소모율이 너무 높은 문제점이 있었다.However, the above method has a disadvantage in that expensive absorbent liquid is used and deterioration of the absorbent liquid causes performance degradation and reactor corrosion, and the reaction temperature is too low and the energy consumption rate for regeneration is too high.

상기 흡착법은 온도차이에 의한 흡착과 압력차이에 의한 흡착으로 구분되며, 흡착을 위한 온도 구배 및 압력 구배시 많은 에너지가 소비되기 때문에 고농도(30%)의 CO2를 처리하기에 적합하며 배가스중 13%정도 포함된 CO2를 처리하기에는 에너지 소비율 측면에서 경제성이 없다.The adsorption method is classified into adsorption due to temperature difference and adsorption due to pressure difference, and is suitable for treating high concentration (30%) of CO 2 because it consumes a lot of energy during temperature gradient and pressure gradient for adsorption. There is no economy in terms of energy consumption to treat CO 2 contained.

이에 본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 해소하기 위해 제안된 것으로, 알카리 금속계열의 고체 흡수제를 사용하여 다루기 손쉽고, 부식됨이 방지되며, 아울러 추가적인 에너지 손실이 없이 이산화탄소를 제거할 수 있도록 하는 점에 목적이 있다.Accordingly, the present invention has been proposed to solve the above problems, and it is easy to handle using an alkali metal-based solid absorbent, prevents corrosion, and can also remove carbon dioxide without additional energy loss. There is this.

도 1은 일반적인 이산화탄소를 제거하는 방법을 나타낸 공정도1 is a process chart showing a method for removing common carbon dioxide

도 2는 본 발명의 흡수제를 이용한 이산화탄소 제거방법을 나타낸 공정도2 is a process chart showing a carbon dioxide removal method using the absorbent of the present invention.

상기와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명은 저가인 알카리 금속계열의 고체 흡수제를 배기가스와 접촉시키는 단계와; 상기 단계 이후 고제 흡수제가 이산화탄소만을 선택적으로 흡수하는 단계와; 스팀을 이용하여 이산화탄소와 흡수제를 분리하는 단계와; 이 단계 이후 건식 흡수제를 재사용하는 단계로 이루어진 점에 특징이 있다.The present invention for achieving the above object comprises the steps of contacting the low-cost alkaline metal-based solid absorbent with the exhaust gas; The solid absorbent selectively absorbs only carbon dioxide after the step; Separating carbon dioxide and an absorbent using steam; This step is characterized by the fact that it consists in the step of reusing the dry absorbent.

이하, 본 발명을 첨부된 예시도면에 의거 상세하게 설명하기로 한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

본 발명은 저온 건식 흡수제(알카리 금속 계열)를 이용하여 이산화탄소를 회수하기 위한 공정 기술이며, 설비의 구성은 배기가스와 CO2가 접촉하는 유동화 반응기 재생을 위해 CO2를 흡수한 건식 흡수제를 이동시키는 이송부분과, 그리고 Steam을 이용하여 CO2와 고체 흡수제를 분리하는 유동화 재생반응기 부분으로 구성되어 있다.The present invention is a process technology for recovering carbon dioxide using a low temperature dry absorbent (alkali metal series), the configuration of the equipment is to move the dry absorbent absorbing CO 2 for regeneration of the fluidization reactor in contact with the exhaust gas and CO 2 It consists of a transfer section and a fluidized regeneration reactor section that separates CO 2 and solid absorbents using steam.

이러한 본 발명의 흡수제를 이용한 이산화탄소 회수방법을 살표보면, 첨부된 예시도면 도 2에 도시된 바와 같이 저가인 알카리 금속계열의 고체 흡수제를 배기가스와 접촉시키는 단계와; 상기 단계 이후 고체 흡수제가 이산화탄소만을 선택적으로 흡수하는 단계와; 스팀을 이용하여 이산화탄소와 흡수제를 분리하는 단계와; 이 단계 이후 건식 흡수제를 재사용하는 단계로 이루어져 있다.As shown in the carbon dioxide recovery method using the absorbent of the present invention, the step of contacting the low-cost alkaline metal-based solid absorbent with the exhaust gas as shown in Figure 2 attached; After the step, the solid absorbent selectively absorbs carbon dioxide only; Separating carbon dioxide and an absorbent using steam; This step consists of reusing the dry absorbent.

참고적으로, 스팀을 이용하여 고체 흡수제와 이산화탄소를 분리하기 위해 유동화 재생반응기가 사용된다.For reference, a fluidized regeneration reactor is used to separate the solid absorbent and carbon dioxide using steam.

특히 흡수제는 고체로 이루어져 있어 우선 다루기 손쉽고 부식의 문제도 없는 장점이 있으며, 나아가 140℃를 기점으로 흡수과 재생이 일어나기 때문에 재생을 위한 추가 에너지 손실이 없다. (습식의 경우는 MEA(20%) 와 물(80%)을 모두 가열해야 함)In particular, the absorbent is composed of a solid, so it is easy to handle first and there is no problem of corrosion, and furthermore, since absorption and regeneration occurs at 140 ° C., there is no additional energy loss for regeneration. (Wet requires heating both MEA (20%) and water (80%))

위와 같이 구성된 본 발명은 흡수제는 고체로 이루어져 있어 액체 상태보다는 다루기 손쉽고 부식의 문제가 발생하는 않는 장점을 가지고 있으며, 아울러 약 140℃를 기점으로 흡수과 재생이 일어나기 때문에 재생을 위한 추가 에너지 손실이 없는 효과가 있다.The present invention configured as described above has the advantage that the absorbent is composed of a solid, which is easier to handle than a liquid state and does not cause corrosion problems, and furthermore, since absorption and regeneration occurs at about 140 ° C., there is no additional energy loss for regeneration. There is.

Claims (1)

저가인 알카리 금속계열의 고체 흡수제를 배기가스와 접촉시키는 단계와;Contacting an inexpensive alkali metal based solid absorbent with exhaust gas; 이 단계 이후 단계 이후 고체 흡수제가 이산화탄소만을 선택적으로 흡수하는 단계와;After the step, the solid absorbent selectively absorbs only carbon dioxide; 이 단계 이후 스팀을 이용하여 이산화탄소와 흡수제를 분리하는 단계와;Separating carbon dioxide and an absorbent using steam after this step; 이 단계 이후 건식 흡수제를 재사용하는 단계로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 하는 흡수제를 이용한 이산화탄소 제거방법.Carbon dioxide removal method using an absorbent, characterized in that consisting of reusing the dry absorbent after this step.
KR1020030047601A 2003-07-12 2003-07-12 Method for removal carbon dioxide useing absorption KR20050007958A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100822364B1 (en) * 2007-09-10 2008-04-17 문창열 Carbon dioxide reduction system using slag

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100822364B1 (en) * 2007-09-10 2008-04-17 문창열 Carbon dioxide reduction system using slag

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