KR20050007205A - Manufacturing process of 1-time use receptacle using starch - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: Provided is a production process of a disposable vessel which uses starch as a main material, which is easily decomposed in natural state so that it contributes to reduce environment contamination by recycling the decomposable vessels. CONSTITUTION: The production process of the bio-decomposable disposable vessels using natural polymer is characterized by mixing 75-85% of starch as natural polymer, 1-15% of one or two homo-polymer or copolymer of polyvinyl alcohol as plasticizer, 0.5-3% of silica as a reinforcing agent, 0.3-5% of one or two aluminum sol, aluminum silicate, aluminum hydroxide and aluminum oxide as stabilizer, 0.5-5% of polymethylmetaacrylate(PMMA) as softener, 0.5-3% of glycerin fatty acid ester or propylene glycol fatty acid ester as emulsifier and 0.5-10% of one or two magnesium stearate or liquid paraffin as the releasing agent.

Description

Biodegradable disposable container manufacturing method using natural polymer and composition thereof {Manufacturing process of 1-time use receptacle using starch}

The present invention relates to a method for producing a biodegradable disposable container using natural polymers, and to a composition thereof. More specifically, the present invention relates to a biodegradable disposable container using natural starch as a main component, and has a similar appearance and physical properties to that of a conventional foamable polystyrene disposable container. A method of making a disposable container biodegradable by microorganisms and a composition thereof.

With the development of the industry, the consumption of instant foods is increasing due to the change of dietary life with the increase of the income level, and the demand for cheap disposable products that are hygienic, convenient, productive and beautiful is satisfied.

Conventional pottery or glass products are poorly stored, secured places, high breakage rate, hassle of washing after use, reduced productivity and high manufacturing price. have. In addition, the use of disposable containers is increasing in fast food stores, convenience stores and vending machines by using disposable containers made of paper, foamed resin, etc., which can be discarded after use.

Such a disposable container is most widely used as a product made of foamed polystyrene, which is a synthetic resin, formed into a foam sheet on a sheet of a predetermined thickness, and then compressed in a suitable mold mold with a vacuum device and rapidly removing internal air. Paper cups and paper trays made of a base paper made of polyethylene coated with synthetic resin.

These disposable containers have increased year by year due to a number of excellent advantages are also increasing environmental pollution due to increased use of these containers. The disposal method of discarded disposable containers is hardly decomposed by transition metals or microorganisms present in the soil when they are buried together with various wastes, and incineration generates large amounts of toxic gases (dioxin, carbon monoxide, etc.) It is known to have a harmful effect on.

In order to solve this problem, research on the regeneration treatment method is actively conducted in terms of recycling waste resources, but there are many problems such as difficulty in separating and removing impurities mixed after collection.

Biodegradable polymers that are similar in nature to conventional synthetic resins and easily decomposed by natural microorganisms include aliphatic polyester through chemical synthesis and polyhydroxyalkanoate by fermentation. , PHA] and polyhydroxybutylate (poly (hydroxyl-butyrate), PHB) and a combination of these and the natural polymer cellulose or starch. There is a growing interest in biodegradable polymers containing starch, which is abundant in nature and inexpensive, and is being actively researched.

Starch is mainly obtained from corn, potato, tapioca, sweet potato, wheat, rice, etc. It is the natural polymer that can be obtained easily and inexpensively in nature. Glucose is composed of α-1,4 glucoside bonds and glucose is α-1,4. A substance composed of amylopectin having a glucoside bond and an α-1,6 glucoside bond, and generally contains 0 to 28% amylose. Starch is not only different in its chemical properties depending on its source and variety, but also its physical properties are greatly influenced by its interaction with various components during processing and storage. Therefore, cross-linking, ether, ester, acid treatment, oxidation And modified grafted starch is used.

Conventional methods have similar properties to expanded polystyrene, and the manufacturing method is simple, but problems of degradability are raised due to the addition of raw materials that are not decomposed in additives other than natural polymers. It is true. German biotech company has developed a product using potato starch and tapioca starch, but it is in the commercialization stage, but it is not economical in terms of water resistance, mechanical properties and manufacturing cost, and it is also difficult to supply raw materials in Korea.

In order to improve these problems, the country is developing biodegradable polymer technology as a biodegradable polymer development project to improve Korea's environmental technology to the level of G-7, and investing national research funds to sustain the environment. As a measuring method for Currently, ISO 14855 method of international standard or KS M 3100-1 method that is internationally standardized is applied, and biodegradation is over 60% (absolute value over 42%) of the standard material for the first 45 days or biodegradation for 180 days. The degree values stipulate 90% or more (absolute value 63% or more) decomposition.

For reference, the time required for complete decomposition of environmental waste is shown in the table below.

Table 1

Table 2

Domestic production of disposable goods

Ministry of Environment based on degradable synthetic resin material. Only a few companies have passed the degradable synthetic resin material standards by February 2004 under the standards standard announced by the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy (2003-64). The Ministry of Environment promulgated the environmental mark in January 2003. It is regulated by the Law on Development and Support of Environmental Technology, which designates the Environmental Mark Association as a certification body, and conducts certification to determine whether it is a biodegradable material.

In the above regulations, starch-based plastics are simply called synthetic resins made by mixing starch with existing PE, PP, and PS and adding decomposition accelerators, so-called biodegradable synthetic resins. Although it was the subject of examination, it is basically avoided in developed countries because the synthetic resin is only fine, it is not completely decomposed, and the biodegradability test standards for this field are not clear.

Natural polymer-based plastic is a plastic made from natural polymers (starch, cellulose, pectin, lignin, chitin, etc.) extracted from animals and plants as a main raw material, and has the advantage of being completely decomposed, but has disadvantages of poor physical properties and weak strength.

However, the biodegradable synthetic resin is a synthetic resin that is decomposed in a few weeks in a natural state by microorganisms or ultraviolet rays. Although the price is 1.6 to 4 times more expensive than the conventional synthetic resin and some of the physical properties are weak, it can be gradually mass-produced. It is developed with almost the same physical properties.

The present invention provides a plasticizer, a reinforcing agent, a stabilizer and an emulsifier in natural polymers in order to produce a practical biodegradable disposable container by solving the mechanical properties, biodegradability and economics such as appearance, strength, etc. brought about by the problems of the prior art described above. Release agent. The present invention provides a method for producing a biodegradable disposable container using a natural polymer and a composition thereof for the purpose of adding a softening agent to heat and pressure molding and to increase the firmness by including the biodegradable fiber in the natural polymer starch.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention, in order to improve the appearance and mechanical strength of the disposable container, by using any one or two of the homopolymer and copolymer of polyvinyl alcohol as a plasticizer to starch which is a natural polymer, Silica is used as a reinforcing agent, and any one or two of aluminum sol, aluminum silicate, and aluminum hydroxide or aluminum oxide is used as a stabilizer. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), which is also excellent in UV resistance, is mixed and used.

At this time, the natural polymer is used starch 75 to 85%, the plasticizer is used 1 to 15% by mixing any one or two of the homopolymer and copolymer of polyvinyl alcohol, the reinforcing agent is 0.5 to 0.5 3%, the stabilizer is 0.3 to 5% by using any one or two of aluminum sol and aluminum silicate, the softening agent is 0.5 to 5% polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and together with the emulsifier It is preferable to mix any one or two of glycerin fatty acid acetyl or propylene glycol fatty acid acetyl 0.5-3%, and to mix and use any one or two of magnesium stearate and 0.5-10% of liquid paraffin as a mold release agent.

In addition, the present invention can be made to include the biodegradable fiber in the 75 to 85% of the natural polymer starch to increase the robustness of the container.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

The method for preparing starch derivatives was prepared using the method of USP 2,613,206 or modified as necessary. That is, water is added to the starch to prepare a starch suspension, followed by stirring for 10 to 20 minutes. In this case, the allowable concentration of the total solids is 10 to 50% (w / v), and 25 to 45% (w / v) is appropriate for the reaction efficiency, and the reaction temperature range is 20 to 45 ° C as 15 to 50 ° C. Is suitable.

Subsequently, the pH of the starch suspension was adjusted to a range of 5.5 to 12.0 using sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, calcium hydroxide and alkaline salts thereof as a reaction catalyst, and the reaction was neutralized with 15% HCl, washed with 15% HCl, and then filtered. Dried. At this time, the reaction time is suitably 1 to 24 hours.

At this time, the natural polymer is used starch 75 to 85%, the plasticizer is used 1 to 15% by mixing any one or two of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) homopolymer and copolymer, the reinforcing agent is Silica (silica) is used in the amount of 0.5 to 3%, and the stabilizer is 0.3-5% by using any one or two of aluminum sol (AluminumSol) and aluminum silicate (Silicate Aluminum) or aluminum hydroxide, aluminum oxide, and the softening agent Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) may be used, but alternatively, 0.5 to 5% may be used by mixing any one or both of polyacrylic sodium and sodium alkate.

And the emulsifier is mixed with any one or two of glycerin fatty acid acetyl or propylene glycol fatty acid acetyl 0.5-3%, and 0.5-10% of any one or two of magnesium stearate and liquid paraffin as a release agent.

Then, water was added again 15-80% (w / w) relative to the mixture and mixed for 10-60 minutes. Then, the mixture was injected into a hot press molding machine previously heated to 100 to 250 ° C., a pressure of 0.1 to 10 Pa (N / m 2) was applied, and the biodegradable disposable container was manufactured by molding for 0.5 to 10 minutes.

The temperature, pressure and molding time of the molding machine are closely related to each other in the manufacture of biodegradable containers. That is, the molding time increases in a state where the internal temperature of the molding machine is controlled to be low, and if a constant pressure is not applied during molding, foaming is not performed.

In the present invention, the natural polymer is 75 to 85% starch, it may contain a predetermined amount of biodegradable fiber.

As biodegradable fibers, fibers extracted from wood, textile paper, plants and the like or fibers of degradable resin materials are used.

The biodegradable disposable container of the present invention was measured for the internal temperature, pressure, and molding time of various molding machines, and as a result, it was possible to produce an optimal container at the internal temperature, pressure, and molding time of the molding machine described in the specification of the present invention.

The biodegradable disposable container produced by the method of the present invention exhibits similar mechanical properties as conventional foamable polystyrene disposable containers and is also excellent in biodegradability. Therefore, the present invention can solve the environmental problems such as incineration, recovery, landfill pollution by replacing the existing non-degradable disposable container, it is determined that will greatly contribute to environmental regulation,

In particular, the disposable container according to the present invention is made of starch of easily rotting material in the natural state as a main raw material to greatly reduce the environmental pollution by the disposable container and also exhibits an eco-friendly effect that can be recycled as feed and compost of animals and plants.

In addition, biodegradable synthetic resins are characterized by being decomposed in a few weeks in a natural state by microorganisms or ultraviolet rays, but the disadvantages that the price is 1.6 to 4 times more expensive than conventional synthetic resins and some weak physical properties occur. The invention is an invention to improve the use of disposable products made of environmentally friendly materials that can greatly reduce the environmental pollution after use by inducing mass use by minimizing mass productivity and price by minimizing such closure.

Claims (4)

In the manufacturing method of biodegradable disposable container using natural polymer which is heated and press-molded by adding plasticizer, reinforcing agent, stabilizer and emulsifier and mold release agent to natural polymer, The natural polymer uses 75 to 85% starch, The plasticizer is used 1 to 15% by mixing any one or both of the homopolymer and copolymer of polyvinyl alcohol, The reinforcing agent uses 0.5 to 3% of silica, The stabilizer is 0.3-5% by using any one or two of aluminum sol and aluminum silicate or aluminum hydroxide and aluminum oxide, The softening agent is 0.5-5% by mixing polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) The emulsifier is mixed with any one or two of glycerin fatty acid acetyl or propylene glycol fatty acid acetyl 0.5-3% The release agent is a method for producing a biodegradable disposable container using natural polymers, characterized in that any one or two of magnesium stearate and liquid paraffin mixed by 0.5 to 10%. In the biodegradable disposable container composition using a natural polymer that is heated and pressure-molded by adding a plasticizer, a reinforcing agent, a stabilizer and an emulsifier, a mold release agent to the natural polymer, The natural polymer is 75 to 85% of starch, the plasticizer is 1 to 15% by mixing any one or two of homopolymer and copolymer of polyvinyl alcohol, the reinforcing agent is 0.5 to 3% of silica, and the stabilizer is aluminum 0.3-5% by mixing any one or two of the sol and aluminum silicate, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum oxide, and the softening agent is 0.5-5% by mixing polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). The emulsifier is mixed with any one or two of glycerin fatty acid acetyl or propylene glycol fatty acid acetyl 0.5-3% The release agent is a biodegradable disposable container composition using natural polymers, characterized in that any one or two of magnesium stearate and liquid paraffin are mixed to use 0.5 to 10%. The method according to claim 1 and 2, Method for producing a biodegradable disposable container using a natural polymer, characterized in that it comprises a biodegradable fiber in the 75 to 85% of the natural polymer starch. The method according to claim 1 and 2, The softener is a method for producing a biodegradable disposable container using a natural polymer, characterized in that any one or two of the polyacrylic sodium and sodium alkate mixed by 0.5 to 5%.