KR20050006658A - Method for defect management considering compatability with rewritable disc, disc drive and a write once disc thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A defect management method, a disc drive, and a disc adopting the same method are provided to allocate the first preliminary area and the second preliminary area to a temporary defect management area and a spare area, respectively, and to manage defects, generated while file system data is recorded on a user data area in order to perform a finalizing process, by using the preliminary areas. CONSTITUTION: The method comprises several steps. A disc drive records user data at a data area with the authentication unit, and checks whether a finalizing condition is satisfied(501). In a case that the finalizing condition is satisfied, a controller orders a finalizing process, and the finalizing process is performed(502). Recorded data is checked, and it is determined whether a defect occurs(503). In a case that a defect occurs, a part where the defect occurs is found(504). In a case that recording all the file system data is terminated, the latest updated data is recorded at a defect management area(505).

Description

Method for defect management considering compatability with rewritable disc, disc drive and a write once disc etc}

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to defect management of write once disks, and more particularly, to a defect management method, a disk driver and a disk which occur at the time of finalization while considering compatibility of disk drives.

The defect management refers to supplementing the data loss caused by the defect by rewriting the user data recorded in the defective portion when the defect occurs in the user data recorded in the user data area. Defect management is largely classified into a defect management method using linear replacement and a defect management method using skipping replacement. Linear replacement means replacing a defective area with a spare area in which a defect does not occur when a defect occurs in the user data area. Skipping means skipping without using a defective area in the user data area, and then sequentially using areas where a defect does not occur.

Both the linear substitution method and the skip method are applicable to discs capable of repeatable recording such as DVD-RAM / RW and recording by random access method, and to write once discs which can be recorded only once. Difficult to apply This is because whether or not a defect has occurred can be confirmed by actually recording the data. In the case of a write-once disc, once the data is recorded, it cannot be erased and written again.

On the other hand, a high density write once disc having a recording capacity of several tens of GB has been proposed following CD-R, DVD-R and the like. These disks can be used for backup because they are relatively inexpensive and can be randomly accessed when reading data, so the read speed is relatively fast. However, since the defect management for the write-once disc is not performed, if a defective area is generated during the backup, the backup cannot be continued and is interrupted. In particular, the backup is performed at a time when the system is not frequently used, that is, at night when there are no administrators. Therefore, when a defective area occurs and the backup is stopped, it is likely that the backup is not performed any more.

On the other hand, the write-once disc records file system data for compatibility with the repetitive recording disc in the file system area provided in the user data area at the time of finalization. Here, the finalization is performed when the user data area or the spare area is exhausted, or when the user intentionally wants the finalization. However, if a defect occurs during recording of the file system data in the file system area for finalization, if the user data area is exhausted but the spare area is redundant, the problem does not occur significantly, but the spare area is exhausted. The defect cannot be dealt with. As a result, the file system data recorded in the file system area has a defect and there is a problem that it is difficult to be compatible with the repetitive recording disk.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention allocates spare area 1 and spare area 2 to the temporary defect management area and the spare area, respectively, in a write-once disc compatible with the repetitive recording disc, and to perform user data for finalization. It is an object of the present invention to provide a defect management method, a disk driver and a disk for managing defects occurring during recording of file system data in the area by using the spare area 1 and the spare area 2.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a lead-in area, a data area, and a lead-out area are sequentially arranged and a spare area is provided at at least one of both ends of the data area, and a lead-in area of the disc and A defect management method for a write-once disc, in which a temporary defect management area is assigned to at least one of the lead-out areas, the file system for recording file system data for compatibility with a repetitive recording disc in a user data area of the data area. Allocating an area; Allocating a spare area 1 to the temporary defect management area in order to deal with defects occurring when the file system data is recorded; Allocating a spare area 2 to the spare area in order to deal with a defect that occurs when recording the file system data; And using the spare area 1 and the spare area 2 to deal with defects occurring during finalization.

In order to achieve the above object, a defect management method of a write-once disc considering compatibility according to the present invention is a file for compatibility with a repetitive recording disc in a file system area allocated to a user data area of a data area when a finalization condition is satisfied. Recording system data; If a defect occurs when recording file system data in the file system area, replacing and recording the defective area in a spare area allocated to the spare area; And generating and recording pointer information indicating a portion in which a defect has occurred and a portion replaced in the spare region allocated to the temporary defect management region.

Disc drive according to the present invention to achieve the above object is a pickup unit for recording or reading data on the disc; And writing or reading out data on the disc through the pickup unit and inspecting the data, so that a lead-in area, a data area, and a lead-out area are sequentially arranged, and a spare area is provided at at least one of both ends of the data area. The spare area 1 allocated to the temporary defect management area and the spare area 2 assigned to the spare area are designated in the write-once disc in which the temporary defect management area is assigned to at least one of the lead-in area and the lead-out area of the disc. It characterized in that it comprises a control unit for processing a defect that occurs when performing the finalization.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a lead-in area, a data area, and a lead-out area are sequentially arranged, and at least one recording disc having a defect management area is provided in at least one of the lead-in area and the lead-out area. A spare area provided in at least one of both ends of the data area; A temporary defect management area provided in at least one of the lead-in area and the lead-out area; A file system area provided in the user data area of the data area; A spare area 1 allocated to the spare area for handling a defect that occurs when recording file system data in the file system area; And a spare area 2 allocated to the temporary defect management area for handling a defect that occurs when file system data is recorded in the file system area.

1 is a block diagram of an apparatus for performing a finalization method according to the present invention;

2 is a block diagram of a disk drive in which FIG. 1 is implemented;

3A and 3B are structural diagrams of a single recording layer disc to which the present invention is applied;

4 is a structural diagram of a single recording layer disc for allocating a spare area to a temporary defect management area and a spare area according to the present invention; and

5 is a flowchart illustrating a defect management method considering compatibility according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a block diagram of an apparatus for performing a defect management method according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, the apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a recording / reading unit 1, a control unit 2, and a memory unit 3. The recording / reading section 1 records data on the disk 100, which is an information storage medium according to the present embodiment, and reads data to verify the recorded data. The control unit 2 performs a defect management method according to the present invention. For this purpose, the control unit 2 allocates a spare area to each of the temporary defect area and the spare area of the disc 100, and is selected by a user or predetermined. Defects generated during the finalization procedure of the disc 100 according to the conditions are managed using these spare areas.

In this embodiment, the control unit 2 conforms to the "verify after write method" in which the defect is found by recording the data in predetermined units and then verifying the recorded data. The control unit 2 records the user data in predetermined units and then verifies where the defective area occurs. The control unit 2 generates defect information indicating where the defect area found as a result of the inspection is. The control unit 2 stores the generated defect information in the memory unit 3, collects a predetermined amount, and records the predetermined amount in the temporary defect management area provided in the disc 100. The information recorded in the temporary defect management area is called temporary management information corresponding to the management information for managing a defect recorded in the defect management area.

In this embodiment, the control unit 2 reads out the defect information stored in the memory unit 3 and provides it to the recording / reading unit 1 every time verification is completed after at least one recording and provides the information to the temporary defect management area. Record as temporary management information. Furthermore, when the user completes recording of the predetermined data and then presses an eject button (not shown) provided in the apparatus to eject the disc 100, the control unit 2 predicts that one recording operation will be terminated. . When it is predicted that the recording operation will be finished, the control section 2 reads out the defect information stored in the memory section 3, provides it to the recording / reading section 1, and instructs the recording of the information into the temporary defect management area.

When data recording is completed on the disc 100, that is, when the finalization procedure is performed so that the data is no longer recorded on the disc 100, the control unit 2 stores the temporary management information recorded on the disc 100. It records in the defect management area provided in 100.

In general, the defect management area allocated to a rewritable disc is not so large. Therefore, if a defect management area is provided with the same size on the same location as a rewritable disc only in consideration of compatibility, the defect management area is not used until the data is written to the disc. You will not be able to. Therefore, in the present invention, a temporary defect management area is separately provided in the write once disc, and the final valid information is recorded in the defect management area at the time of finalization so that the write once disc according to the present invention can be properly recognized even in a drive for the repeat recording disc. To be able. That is, according to the present invention, the write once disc is also compatible with the repeat recording disc having the defect management area.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a disk drive in which FIG. 1 is implemented.

2, the disc drive includes a pickup 10 as the recording / reading section 1. The disk 100 is mounted to the pickup 10. The disk drive also includes a PC I / F 21, a DSP 22, an RF AMP 23, a SERVO 24, and a SYSTEM CONTROLLER 25 as the control unit 2. The memory unit 3 is provided in the SYSTEM CONTROLLER 25 of the control unit 2.

In recording, the PC I / F 21 receives a recording command from the host (not shown) along with data to be recorded. The SYSTEM CONTROLLER 25 performs the initialization required for recording. The DSP 22 adds additional data such as parity to the data to be recorded received by the PC I / F 21 for error correction, performs ECC encoding, and then modulates the ECC encoded data in a predetermined manner. The RF AMP 23 converts the data output from the DSP 22 into an RF signal. The pickup 10 records the RF signal output from the RF AMP 23 on the disk 100. The SERVO 24 receives a command necessary for servo control from the SYSTEM CONTROLLER 25 and servo controls the pickup 10. In addition, the SYSTEM CONTROLLER 25 instructs to read the recorded data to the pickup 10 in order to perform defect management according to the present invention at the time of recording or to record predetermined information such as temporary management information.

At the time of reproduction, the PC I / F 21 receives a reproduction command from a host (not shown). The SYSTEM CONTROLLER 25 performs initialization required for playback. The pickup 10 outputs an optical signal obtained by irradiating a laser beam to the disk 100 and receiving a laser beam reflected from the disk 100. The RF AMP 23 converts the optical signal output from the pickup 10 into an RF signal and provides modulated data obtained from the RF signal to the DSP 22, while providing a servo signal for control obtained from the RF signal. To provide. The DSP 22 demodulates the modulated data and outputs the data obtained through ECC error correction. Meanwhile, the SERVO 24 receives the servo signal received from the RF AMP 23 and the command required for the servo control received from the SYSTEM CONTROLLER 25 to perform servo control on the pickup 10. The PC I / F 21 sends data received from the DSP 22 to the host. In addition, the SYSTEM CONTROLLER 25 may instruct the pickup 10 to read information necessary for the finalization procedure during reproduction. That is, the SYSTEM CONTROLLER 25 manages the entire system at the time of recording / reproducing.

3A and 3B are structural diagrams of a single recording layer disc to which the present invention is applied.

Referring to FIG. 3A, a disc is a single recording layer disc having one recording layer L0 and includes a lead-in area 310, a data area 320, and a lead-out area 330. The lead-in area 310 is located on the inner circumferential side of the disk and the lead-out area 330 is located on the outer circumferential side of the disk. The data area 320 is positioned between the lead-in area 310 and the lead-out area 330.

The data area 320 is divided into a spare area 1 321, a user data area 322, and a spare area 2 323 in order from the inner circumferential side of the disc. The user data area 322 is an area in which user data is recorded. Spare areas 1 and 2 (321, 323) are areas in the user data area 322 to compensate for the loss of recording space due to defects. The spare areas 321 and 323 are preferably set to ensure the maximum data capacity that can be recorded while allowing a defect on the disk. Therefore, the spare areas 321 and 323 are set to about 5% of the total data capacity when initially set.

In this case, the spare area 1 321 and the spare area 2 323 allocated between the lead-in area 310 and the user data area 322, and between the user data area 322 and the lead-out area 330, respectively. Although the data area 320 is shown in FIG. 1, a spare area is formed between any one of the lead-in area 310 and the user data area 322 and between the user data area 322 and the lead-out area 330. It is also applicable to the data area 320 having 1 321 or spare area 2 323.

Referring to FIG. 3B, a defect management area 311 and a temporary defect management area 312 are provided in the lead-in area 310. In the defect management area 311 of the write once disc, the size information of the spare area 1 321, the start position information of the user data area 322, and the user data area, similarly to the repetitive recording disc in which defect management can be performed. End position information of 322 and size information of spare area 2 323 are recorded in advance. Accordingly, the disk drive reads this information to know the start position and end position of the user data area 322, and recognizes the spare area 1 321 and the spare area 2 323 based on the location and size information. Done.

Here, the temporary defect management area 312 is arranged so as not to affect the positional changes of the lead-in area and the lead-out area defined in the conventional write once disc or repeat recording disc. In order to implement defect management by the disk drive of FIG. 2, unlike a repetitive recording disc, a write once disc additionally needs a temporary defect management area. As described above, the write once disc, unlike the repeatable write disc, cannot be overwritten when updating the already recorded defect information, so that a new area for recording the updated information, that is, the temporary defect management area 312 It requires a relatively large area depending on the number of updates. On the other hand, the lead-in area 310 is provided with a test area for recording condition test and a drive information area in which information on the disc drive is recorded, similarly to the repetitive recording disc. The defect management area 311 and / or the temporary defect management area 312 may also be provided in the lead-out area 330.

4 is a structural diagram of a single recording layer disc for allocating a spare area to a temporary defect management area and a spare area according to the present invention, wherein the temporary defect management area includes an effective temporary defect management area and a spare area 1, and a spare area. 2 consists of the effective spare area 2 and the spare area 2. As shown in FIG.

Referring to Fig. 4, in this embodiment, spare area 1 and spare area 2 are allocated to temporary defect management area and spare area 2 of disk 100 at the time of recording initialization. In addition, a file system area is allocated at the beginning of the user data area. At this time, the beginning and the end of the data area are the same as those of Fig. 3 and do not change.

In Fig. 4, the file system area is allocated at the beginning of the user data area at the time of recording initialization to record the file system for compatibility with the repetitive recording disk, and the entire file system of the recording disk once in the file system area at the time of finalization. The data is recorded.

The spare area 2 provided in the spare area 2 is an area allocated to replace a defective part of the file system area when a defect occurs while recording the file system data in the file system area for performing finalization. On the other hand, the spare area 1 provided in the temporary defect management area has a defect generated during the recording of the file system data in the file system area to perform finalization, and the defect is replaced with the spare area 2 provided in the spare area 2. An area allocated for recording pointer information indicating generated and replaced parts.

Here, the size of the spare area 2 is determined according to the size of the file system area in which the file system data is recorded at the time of finalization, preferably about 5% of the file system area. The size of the spare area 1 is preferably determined according to the size ratio of the spare area and the temporary defect management area according to the size of the spare area 2.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining a finalization method according to the present invention, which is preferably performed by the controller 2 of FIG. 1.

Referring to FIG. 5, in step 501, the disk drive records user data in a data area in units of verification after recording, and then determines whether a finalization condition is satisfied. Here, the finalization condition means that when the user intends to perform finalization intentionally, when the effective user data area except the file system area is exhausted, and when the temporary defect management area except the spare area 1 is exhausted, except for the spare area 2 It refers to any one of the cases where the effective spare area is exhausted.

In step 502, as a result of the determination in step 501, when the finalization condition is satisfied, that is, in any one of four cases, the controller 2 instructs to perform the finalization procedure and performs finalization. The write once disc performs finalization by recording additional data, that is, file system data of the entire disc, in the file system area for compatibility with a repetitive recording disc or another disc during finalization. Similarly, file system data is recorded in units in which verification is performed after recording.

In step 503, the data recorded in step 502 is verified to determine whether a defect has occurred. In step 503, all file system data is recorded in a unit in which verification is performed after recording, and if a defect does not occur as a result of checking whether a defect has occurred, the finalization procedure is terminated and the process proceeds to step 505.

In step 504, if a defect occurs in the determination in step 503, the part where the defect has occurred is found. The disk drive designates the defective area as the defective area, writes the data recorded in the defective area back to the spare area 2 of the spare area 2 to generate a replacement area, and then the defective and replaced part Pointer information indicating is generated and temporarily stored in the spare area 1 of the temporary defect management area as temporary defect information. After the verification is performed after a predetermined number of times of recording, the disc drive updates the temporary defect management area by using the temporary defect information temporarily stored in the spare area 1. Here, steps 503 and 504 are repeatedly performed until all file system data is recorded in the file system area.

In step 505, when the recording of all the file system data is completed, the latest updated information of the information updated and recorded so far is recorded in the defect management area.

In the above embodiment, a disk having a single recording layer has been described as an example, but in the case of a disk having a plurality of recording layers, a file system area is allocated to any one of the user data areas provided in each recording layer, By allocating the spare area 1 and the spare area 2 to any one of the provisional defect management areas and the spare areas provided, the defects generated at the time of finalization can be processed using the spare area 1 and the spare area 2. .

In addition, in the above embodiment, the write once disc that implements the defect management is described. However, in the case of the write once disc that does not implement the defect management, the state of the disc is recorded by recording a file system for compatibility with the repetitive recording disc when finalizing. Is changed, and when the state change information of the disc is to be recorded, a spare area for recording the state change information can be provided in an appropriate area of the lead-in area, data area, and lead-out area.

As described above, according to the present invention, the spare area 1 and the spare area 2 are allocated to the temporary defect management area and the spare area, respectively, in the write-once disc compatible with the repetitive recording disc, and are assigned to the user data area for finalization. Defects occurring during recording of the file system data can be managed by using spare area 1 and spare area 2. FIG.

The best embodiments have been disclosed in the drawings and specification above. Although specific terms have been used herein, they are used only for the purpose of describing the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention as defined in the meaning or claims. Therefore, those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and equivalent other embodiments are possible from this. Therefore, the true technical protection scope of the present invention will be defined by the technical spirit of the appended claims.

Claims (11)

A lead-in area, a data area, and a lead-out area are sequentially arranged, and a spare area is provided at at least one of both ends of the data area, and is temporarily placed in at least one of the lead-in area and the lead-out area of the disc. In the defect management method of a write-once disc to which a defect management area is allocated, Allocating a file system area for recording file system data for compatibility with a repetitive recording disc in the user data area of the data area; Allocating a spare area 1 to the temporary defect management area in order to deal with defects occurring when the file system data is recorded; Allocating a spare area 2 to the spare area in order to deal with a defect that occurs when recording the file system data; And And using the spare area 1 and the spare area 2 to process a defect that occurs when performing finalization. The spare area 2 according to claim 1, wherein when the user intends to perform finalization intentionally, the effective user data area except the file system area is exhausted, and the effective temporary defect management area except the spare area 1 is exhausted. Defect management method characterized in that the finalization is performed if any of the valid spare area except the exhaustion. The defect management method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the size of the spare area 2 is determined according to the size of the file system area in which file system data is recorded upon finalization. The defect management method according to claim 3, wherein the size of the spare area 1 is determined according to the size ratio of the spare area and the temporary defect management area according to the size of the spare area 2. In the write-once disc for compatibility, If finalizing conditions are satisfied, recording file system data for compatibility with a repetitive recording disc in a file system area allocated to a user data area of the data area of the disc; If a defect occurs when recording file system data in the file system area, replacing and recording the defective area in a spare area allocated to the spare area; And And generating and recording pointer information indicating a portion in which a defect has occurred and a portion replaced in the spare region allocated to the temporary defect management region. The method of claim 5, wherein the finalization condition is intended to be finalized by a user, when the effective user data area except the file system area is exhausted, and the effective temporary defect management area except the spare area 1 is exhausted. , Any one of the cases where the effective spare area excluding the spare area 2 is exhausted. A pickup unit for recording or reading data on the disc; And By recording or reading data on the disc through the pickup section and inspecting the data, a lead-in area, a data area, and a lead-out area are sequentially arranged and a spare area is provided at at least one of both ends of the data area. In the write-once disc in which the temporary defect management area is assigned to at least one of the lead-in area and the lead-out area of the disc, the spare area 1 allocated to the temporary defect management area and the spare area 2 assigned to the spare area are used. And a control unit for processing a defect that occurs when performing finalization. The method of claim 7, wherein the controller is intentionally finalized by the user, when the effective user data area except the file system area is exhausted, and when the effective temporary defect management area except the spare area 1 is exhausted. And if the valid spare area other than the spare area 2 is exhausted, the pickup unit controls the pickup unit to record file system data in a file system area allocated to a user data area of the data area. . In a write-once disc, a lead-in area, a data area, and a lead-out area are sequentially arranged, and a defect management area is provided in at least one of the lead-in area and the lead-out area. A spare area provided at at least one of both ends of the data area; A temporary defect management area provided in at least one of the lead-in area and the lead-out area; A file system area provided in the user data area of the data area; A spare area 1 allocated to the spare area for handling a defect that occurs when recording file system data in the file system area; And And a spare area 2 allocated to the temporary defect management area for handling a defect that occurs when recording file system data in the file system area. 10. The disk according to claim 9, wherein the size of the spare area 2 is determined according to the size of the file system area in which file system data is recorded upon finalization. The disk according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the size of the spare area 1 is determined corresponding to the size ratio of the spare area and the temporary defect management area according to the size of the spare area 2.