KR200419852Y1 - Fix-holder used at bricks wall reinforcement - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fix holder used for reinforcing masonry wall, and more particularly, to a fix holder which is fastened in the longitudinal direction or the vertical direction of the length and which can connect two or more fixes to each other in the longitudinal direction or the vertical direction of the length.

The fix holder of the present invention has a center axis, and has a plurality of wings protruding outwardly at a predetermined interval around the mandrel, the wings being wound like screws along the longitudinal direction about the mandrel. A fix holder fastened to a fix formed therein, the fix holder includes a cylindrical tubular portion and a plurality of wing accommodation portions projecting outward at predetermined intervals such as the wings around the cylindrical portion to accommodate the plurality of wings. The wing receiving portion is wound like a screw along the longitudinal direction of the tubular portion to match the pitch of the wing, so that when the fix holder is fastened to the fix in the longitudinal direction, it can be fastened while rotating the fix holder relative to the fix. The fix holder has a shape that is opened to one side of the fix holder and is formed in the length direction of the fix holder. Since a pair of slits are formed, a release-plated iron wire having a fixation or irregularities formed through a slit from one side of the fix holder can be inserted in the vertical direction of the length of the fix holder.

Description

Fix holder used for masonry wall reinforcement {FIX-HOLDER USED AT BRICKS WALL REINFORCEMENT}

1 is a diagram and a cross-sectional view of the fix used in the masonry reinforcement work as an embodiment according to the present invention;

2 is a top view and a cross-sectional view of a fix holder used with the fix of FIG.

3 is an exemplary view showing a fastening example of the fix of FIG. 1 and the fix holder of FIG.

4 is a perspective view and a triangular perspective view of the cap used with the fix holder in the wall construction of FIG.

5 is a perspective view illustrating an example of fastening the fix holder of FIG. 2 to the cap of FIG. 4; And,

FIG. 6 is a view showing a procedure of a method of reinforcing and stretching a masonry wall using the fix, fix holder, and cap of FIGS. 1, 2, and 4.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

1: Fix 10: Liberation Reinforcement Fix

11: mandatory 12: wing

2: fix holder 21: tube

22: wing receiving portion 24: slit

3: bracat 31: through-hole

32: elastic fastening part 4: cap

41: base 42: both sides

43: insertion portion 44: connection portion

B: brick BH: hole

C: inner wall CH: hall

G: gap S: space

T: the open end of the slit

The present invention relates to a fix having a mandrel and a plurality of wings that spirally wrap around the mandrel and a fixation holder which is fastened in the longitudinal direction, which is formed along one side of the fix holder along the longitudinal direction of the fix holder and is open to the end of the fix holder. By forming a slit in the shape, when the fix is connected to the fix holder in a direction perpendicular to the length of the fix holder, the fix holder can be pushed through the slit from the end of the fix holder so that the fix holder is in the joint between the brick and the brick. The present invention relates to a fix holder capable of connecting a fix in a longitudinal direction of a fix holder even in a buried state.

A masonry wall is an architectural structure that builds a wall by stacking stones, bricks, concrete blocks, etc., and is a smooth structure of brick, stone, and concrete block structures without reinforcement. Also called. In general, the durability (耐久性) is excellent, especially the stone is a structure that has been used for a long time. In Western Europe, where there are few earthquakes, structural methods are used, and arches and domes, which are excellent in design, have been completed for a long time, and brick structures are still widely used.

The brick structure is not only stacking bricks but also stacking bricks on the outer surface of the inner wall made of concrete, etc., and the bonding force between the inner wall and the brick is very important. When the binding force between the inner wall and the brick wall falls, the brick that has been stacked may be collapsed by an earthquake, impact or wind pressure.

Therefore, it is necessary to closely bond the masonry with the inner wall to prevent various safety accidents caused by the collapse of the brick. Conventionally, as a method for reinforcing these bricks, a fix having a mandrel and a spiral wing was embedded in the inner wall to strengthen the binding force between the brick wall and the inner wall.

However, after fixing the fix on the inner wall, there were inconveniences in that a lot of separate parts were required in the process of fixing the fix and the brick wall, and there was a problem that it was difficult to firmly connect the fix and the fix on the inner wall.

Therefore, the present invention is to solve the conventional problems as described above, the fasteners are fastened to the inner wall and at the same time by pressing the indented fix in the left or right or up and down direction, the fixer to be firmly connected to each other between the indented fixes In particular, an object of the present invention is to provide a fix holder which is convenient for the process of connecting the pressed fix in the left and right directions.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has a mandrel that forms a center, has a plurality of wings projecting outward at a predetermined interval around the mandrel, the wing is wound like a screw along the longitudinal direction about the mandrel A fix holder fastened to a fix having a true shape, wherein the fix holder includes a cylindrical tubular portion and a plurality of wing accommodation portions projecting outward at predetermined intervals such as the wings around the cylindrical portion to accommodate the plurality of wings. The wing receiving portion is wound like a screw along the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical portion to match the pitch of the wing, when fastening the fix holder to the fix in the longitudinal direction can be fastened while rotating the fix holder relative to the fix The fix holder has a shape that extends to one side of the fix holder and is formed in the length direction of the fix holder. Since a pair of slits are formed, a release-plated iron wire having a fixation or irregularities formed through a slit from one side of the fix holder can be inserted in the vertical direction of the length of the fix holder. Such a fix holder can be fixed to the mortar integrally due to the external appearance of the wing receiving part while being easily combined with the fix, and in particular, a fixed-plated iron wire having a fixed or irregularity formed outside the brick wall in which only the fix holder is embedded Can be inserted in the vertical direction of the longitudinal direction.

It is preferable that the wing and the wing receiving portion consists of two or three. Two wings and two wing receiving parts can make the wings thicker, and the structure can be simplified even though the strength against the bending force is properly exhibited. Three wings and two wing receiving parts provide strength even in any direction. It can be simple but structured well.

When the fix holder is fastened with the fix, there is a gap between the wing receiving portion and the wing to allow vibration absorption between the fix holder and the fix, and a space for ventilation between the tubular portion and the mandrel exists. . When both ends of the fix holder are exposed to the outside and the inside of the brick wall, there is a masonry wall to act as a vent, and the gap between the wing receiving portion and the wing absorbs the difference in thermal expansion according to the change of the season. I can support it more firmly.

The fix holder further includes a cap that can be inserted and detached in the slit direction formed in the fix holder, so that the slit is shielded when the cap is inserted in the slit direction, thereby preventing mortar from penetrating into the pillar holder through the slit. have.

The cap includes: a base having a rectangular shape approximately long left and right; Both side portions having approximately joint thicknesses formed on both sides of the base portion; An approximately cylindrical insertion portion having a length corresponding to the length of the slit at the center of the base portion and inserted into the fix holder; The connecting portion having a thickness corresponding to the interval between the slit and connecting the both sides and the insertion portion. Therefore, when the opening direction of the slit is in the left and right direction of the brick wall, when the base of the cap is aligned in the left and right direction and inserted into the fix holder, the cap is inserted so that both sides of the cap and the fix holder overlap with the slit of the fix holder. When inserted into the fix holder with the base of the cap aligned vertically and inserted into the fix holder, the cap is not inserted into the slit of the fix holder and the cap is inserted so that both sides thereof do not overlap with the fix holder.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a fix holder according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a shape view (FIG. 1A) and a cross-sectional view (FIG. 1B, FIG. 1C) of a fix 1 used in a masonry wall reinforcement work as an embodiment according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is the fix 1 of FIG. 1. Fig. 2A and Fig. 2B and Fig. 2C are diagrams of the fix holder 2 used together.

Fix (1) is a metal material of high strength that is not corrosive to moisture, etc., and consists of a center axis 11 and a plurality of wings 12 protrude outward at a predetermined interval around the axis, the wing 12 is It is made of a shape wound like a screw along the longitudinal direction of the fix (1) around the mandrel (11). There is no limit to the number of wings 12, but it is advantageous in that two wings (see FIG. 1C) or three (see FIG. 1B), as shown in the figure, satisfy both strength and simplification of structure at the same time. There is a face.

The fix holder 2 is made of a metal material that does not corrode moisture, for example, stainless steel, aluminum, brass, or plastic material, and protrudes outward at a predetermined interval around the cylindrical tubular portion 21. A plurality of, preferably two (see FIG. 2C) to three (see FIG. 2B) wing receptacles 22 corresponding to the number of the wings 12 are like screws along the longitudinal direction of the fix holder 2. It is made of a wound shape. One side of the fix holder 2 is provided with a pair of slits 24 formed in the longitudinal direction of the fix holder 2 in the shape of being opened to the end of the fix holder 2. The slit 24 has a gap u enough to fit the wings 12 of the fix 1.

Here, the pitch P by the blade | wing 12 of the fix 1, and the pitch P by the blade accommodation part 22 of the fix holder 2 correspond.

3 is an exemplary view showing a fastening example of the fix 1 of FIG. 1 and the fix holder 2 of FIG. 2, and FIG. 3A shows a state in which the fix 1 is connected in the longitudinal direction through the fix holder 2. 3B shows a state in which the fixes 1 are connected to each other in a direction perpendicular to each other through the fix holder 2, and FIGS. 3C and 3D are cross-sectional views in a state in which the fix 1 and the fix holder 2 are fastened. 3A is a cross-sectional view illustrating the ZZ cross section in FIG. 3A.

As shown in FIG. 3A, the fix 1 may be inserted into and fastened to the fix holder 2. Referring to FIGS. 3C to 3D, the wings 12 of the fix 1 are shaped to be fitted into the wing receiving portion 22 of the fix holder 2 while maintaining a slight gap G. Accordingly, when the fix 1 and the fix holder 2 are relatively rotated as the screws are fastened, the fix 1 may be inserted into the fix holder 2. Geometrically, the length from the center of the fix 1 to the end of the wing 12 is longer than the length from the center of the fix holder 2 to the outer surface of the tubular portion 21, so that the wing 12 has a wing receiving portion. Interfering with the boundary between the 22 and the tubular portion 21, the fix 1 is to be fixed in the fix holder (2). Once the fix holder 2 is installed on the masonry wall, since the outside of the fix holder 2 is covered with mortar, the fix holder 2 is not deformed even if the fix 1 moves and presses the fix holder 2, so that the fix holder 2 is not deformed. (1) is more firmly supported by the fix holder (2).

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3B, the fixer 2 is rotated and fastened in a state in which the fixer 1 is pressed into and fixed to an inner wall C such as a concrete wall, and then the slit 24 formed on one side of the fixer 2 By inserting another fix 1 into the slit 24 through the open end T, another fix 1 can be connected in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fix holder 2. Alternatively, instead of another fix 1, it is also possible to use a release-plated iron wire having irregularities formed so that the adhesion to mortar is improved.

Optionally, in the state where the fix holder 2 is buried in the joint between the bricks B (see FIG. 6) stacked on the outside of the inner wall C, the drill is applied to the inner wall C through the fix holder 2. Drill a hole and press the fix 1 back into the hole CH (see FIG. 6) through the fix holder 2, and then insert another fix 1 into the slit 24 of the fix holder 2 You can also do it.

Since the fix (1) and the fix holder (2) has a shape in which the wing 12 and the wing receiving portion 22 are wound like a screw in the longitudinal direction, respectively, only the rotation relative to both members is fastened as the screw is engaged. This can be done very simply. In addition, since the pitch of the fixer 1 and the fixer 2 of the present application is relatively long compared to the pitch of the screw of a general mechanical element, even if the fixer 1 and the fixer 2 are fastened to each other by only about one pitch, the longitudinal direction It can be tightened very firmly. When viewed in cross-sectional shape, the blades 12 and the wing receiving portion 22 in the fix 1 and the fix holder 2 increase the cross-sectional coefficient of the member to increase the bending rigidity of the member.

In addition, if only the above-described fix (1) and the fix holder (2), as shown in Figure 3a, by fixing two fixes (1) on both sides of the fix holder 2, the length of the fix (1) can be easily extended, Figure 3b By allowing the fix 1 to be inserted into the slit 24 of the fix holder 2 as described above, the fix 1 and the fix 1 may have the same effect as being perpendicular to each other.

Also, as shown in FIGS. 3C to 3D, when the fix 1 and the fix holder 2 are fastened, there is a gap G between the wing 12 and the wing receiving portion 22. When the fix 1 and the fix holder 2 are used, the vibration generated in the building can be absorbed to some extent by the gap G, and it is possible to cope with thermal expansion of the material due to the change of the season or the like. In addition, the space S between the mandrel 11 of the fixer 1 and the tubular portion 21 of the fixer 2 enables the ventilation of moisture or air to prevent corrosion due to water trapping.

4 is a perspective view and a triangular perspective view of the cap used in conjunction with the fix holder of the wall of Figure 2, Figure 5 is a perspective view showing an example of the fastening of the cap of Figure 2 and the cap of FIG.

As described above, when the fix holder 2 is first embedded in the joint between the bricks B, and then the reinforcement of the masonry wall is carried out in the order of driving the fix 1 into the inner wall C, the fix holder 2 is attached to the joint. When embedding the structure is required to prevent the joint mortar from flowing into the fix holder 2 through the slit 24 of the fix holder (2). Thus, in the present invention, a fix holder 2 and a cap 4 that can be used as a set are conceived.

The cap 4 can be inserted into and detached from the end portion T in which the slit 24 is formed in the fix holder 2, and shields the slit 24 when inserted, thereby injecting mortar when injecting the joint of the brick wall. The slit 24 is prevented from flowing into the fix holder 2.

The cap 4 has a base portion 41 having a rectangular shape that is approximately long left and right, both side portions 42 having a substantially joint thickness formed on both sides of the base portion 41, and a slit 24 at the center of the base portion 41. A cylindrical portion (43) having a length (h; see FIG. 4b) corresponding to the length h) (see FIG. 2a) and inserted into the fix holder, and the side portions 42 and the insertion portion. And a connecting portion 44 which connects 43 and has a thickness u (see FIG. 4B) corresponding to the spacing u (see FIG. 2A) of the slit.

There are two fastening methods of the cap 4 and the fix holder 2, which are shown in FIG. First, reference is made to FIG. 5A. The slit 24 of the fix holder 2 with the cap 4 in a state in which the base portion 41 of the cap 4 is left and right aligned with the slit 24 of the fix holder 2 aligned to the left and right. ), The gap between the slit 24 of the fix holder 2 and the thickness of the connecting portion 44 of the cap 4 are equal to u, so that the connecting portion 44 of the cap 4 is the fix holder. It fits in the slit 24 of (2). The fix holder 2 may then be engaged with the cap 4 such that its end T reaches the base 41 of the cap 4. As a result of this coupling, the length h of the insertion portion 43 of the cap 4 is equal to the length of the slit 24 of the fix holder 2, so that the slit 24 of the fix holder 2 is the insertion portion. It is shielded by 43.

Another fastening method of the cap 4 and the fix holder 2 will be described with reference to FIG. 5B. The slit 24 of the fix holder 2 with the cap 4 in a state where the base portion 41 of the cap 4 is aligned vertically with the slit 24 of the fix holder 2 aligned to the left and right. When inserted into the forming portion, since the connecting portion 44 of the cap 4 interferes with the end T of the fix holder 2, unlike the above coupling method, the fix holder 2 has an end portion T of the cap ( It may be engaged with the cap 4 until it interferes with the connection 44 of 4). As a result of this coupling, the slit 24 of the fix holder 2 is shielded by the insert 43 with the innermost side opened by t. This is because, as shown in FIG. 4B, the height of the connecting portion 44 that interferes with the end portion T of the fix holder 2 is t. The open innermost part of FIG. 5B is a space for the fix 1 inserted in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fix holder 2 through the slit 24 as shown in FIG. 3B.

Hereinafter, an example of the reinforcement expansion / construction method of the masonry wall using the fix 1, the fix holder 2, and the cap 4 described above will be described.

FIG. 6 is a view showing a procedure of a method of reinforcing and stretching a masonry wall using the fix, fix holder, and cap of FIGS. 1, 2, and 4.

First, as shown in (a), the inner wall (C) is already erected, in the process of stacking the brick (B) on the outside, stacking bricks in the X1 th stage, and then bonded as shown in Figure 5a thereon Put the cap (4) and the fix holder (2). At this time, the base portion 41 of the cap 4 or the end portion T of the fix holder 2 is located approximately around the corner of the brick B, and the base portion 41 of the cap 4 is long left and right. To be placed. Preferably, the thickness v of the base 41 of the cap 4 (see FIG. 4B) should approximately match the height of the joint between the brick and the brick.

The reason why the base 41 of the cap 4 is elongated is that, in the state where the fix holder 2 and the cap 4 are coupled as shown in FIG. 5A, the masonry is simply the base 41 of the cap 4. Just to align the left and right on the brick (B), the slit 24 of the fix holder (2) is to be placed on the brick (B) aligned in the left and right state.

Here, the fix holder 2 is positioned to pass over the hole BH of the brick B, and every fixed interval (for example, 5 to 6 units of the brick B to the left and right) along the circumference of the brick wall. Place a plurality.

In this state, as shown in (b), the bracket 3 is fitted in the position on the hole BH of the fix holder 2. The bracket 3 includes an elastic fastening portion 32 for fastening with the fix holder 2 and a through hole 31 formed at one side of the elastic fastening portion 32. The through hole 31 is in communication with the hole (BH).

Next, as shown in (c), the fix 1 is inserted in the vertical direction through the through hole 31 of the bracket 3. After inserting the fix 1, mortar is inject | poured into the hole BH of the brick B in which the fix 1 was inserted. Subsequently, the masonry positions the mortar so that the plurality of fix holders 2 placed on the brick B of the X1 th stage are embedded about two-thirds from the inner wall, that is, the slit (from the inner end of the fix holder 2). 24) Place mortar until before (see m1) and pile up brick (not shown) at the top. In this case, the holes formed in the bricks of the upper end are stacked so that the fixes 1 inserted into the brackets 3 can pass through them. Of course, the mortar is injected into the hole of the brick passing through. When a predetermined stage (for example, bricks 5 to 6) is stacked on the top of the X1 stage brick, the bricks are embedded while the fix holder 2 is embedded at regular intervals by repeating the above steps (a) to (c). I'm masonry. Here, in the coupling process of the bracket 3 and the fix 1, the fix 1 which is already excreted at the lower end may be inserted through the through hole 31 of the bracket 3.

Here, it is apparent to those skilled in the art that even if the non-fixed-plated iron wire having irregularities is formed in the through hole 31 of the bracket 3, the fix holders 2 may be connected in the vertical direction. .

This is what masons can do.

Next, professional workers who fix the inner wall are put in.

In the masonry wall immediately before the workers work, the fix 1 connected through the bracket 3 of the fix holder 2 connects the fix holder 2 in the up and down direction, as shown in (c) of FIG. 6. The fix holder 2 is embedded in the joint between the bricks with the cap 4 covering the end portion T in the horizontal direction.

Figure 6 (d) is shown by omitting the bricks stacked on top of the X1 stage. Referring to FIG. 6 (d), the workers find and extract the cap 4 seen between the bricks, insert the drill into the end T of the fix holder 2, and then fix the inner wall through the fix holder 2. The hole CH is drilled in C). The diameter of the hole CH is about 1.5 to 2 mm smaller than the diameter of the fixer 1 to be described later to be embedded in the inner wall C. Then, the fixer 1 is driven into the hole CH by using a tool (not shown) through the fixer 2. The fix holder 2 is now secured to the inner wall C now.

Next, as shown in (e), the fix 1 is pushed into the innermost part of the slit 24 through the slit 24 of the fix holder 2. In this way, the fix holders 2 are connected to each other in the left and right directions. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that even if the slit 24 is used using a release-plated iron wire having irregularities instead of the fix 1, the fix holders 2 may be connected in the left and right directions.

Finally, as shown in (f), the cap 4 is now vertically inserted with respect to the end T of the fix holder 2 (as shown in FIG. 5B), and the mortar is not yet filled. Inject mortar into the mortar part (m2). By fitting the cap 4 here, mortar is prevented from entering the inside of the fix holder 2 through the slit 24.

Once the mortar has been injected, the cap 4 is finally removed.

Through this process, the fix holders 2 buried in the mortar of the bricks and tightly connected to the bricks are strongly connected to the inner wall C, and the fix holders 2 are also fixed to each other by the fixings 1 and the like in the vertical direction. It is connected.

Therefore, the wall masonry using the above fix, fix holder, cap, etc. is structurally solid.

The cap 4 fitted to the fix holder 2 in the step (a) of FIG. 6 aligns the direction of the slit 24 of the fix holder 2 and at the same time the inside of the fix holder 2 in the process (c). This prevents the mortar from entering, and in step (d) it makes it very easy for workers to locate the buried fix holder (2). In addition, the cap 4 fitted to the fix holder 2 in step (f) prevents mortar from flowing into the fix holder 2 and the fix holder 2 at the position indicates that the work has been completed. The state is an indicator. Therefore, the cap 4 used together with the fix holder 2 not only enables the internal space S of the fix holder 2 to serve as a vent, but also provides great convenience in operation.

The preceding masonry sequence was designed to allow masons from (a) to (c), and (d) to (f) to allow fix holders to work with fix holders who are not good at handling fix holders. This is the order to minimize the burden and hassle and to maximize the work efficiency by finishing work by those who can handle fix holder professionally.

As described above, the fix holder of the present invention allows the masonry wall to be structurally solidly repaired or reinforced and stretched by connecting the fixation fixed to the inner wall along the circumference of the building with other fixes, especially with only the fix holder. The two fixings can be connected in the longitudinal direction and at the same time in the vertical direction, so that the reinforcement can be performed without the need for many parts, thus providing the construction worker with convenience. In addition, due to the appearance characteristics of the wing receiving portion can be fixed integrally with the mortar, and can give a gap between the wing receiving portion of the fix holder and the wing of the fix to overcome the interference caused by the difference in thermal expansion and to absorb a small vibration, the fix holder A breathable space can be provided between the and the fix to prevent corrosion and cracking.

In addition, by forming a slit formed along the longitudinal direction of the fix holder on one side of the fix holder and open to the end of the fix holder, the end of the fix holder when connecting the fix to the fix holder in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fix holder. The slit allows the fix to be pushed in from the slit so that the fix can be connected vertically in the longitudinal direction of the fix holder even when the fix holder is embedded in the joint between the brick and the brick.

In addition, the cap used with the fix holder not only allows the internal space of the fix holder to act as a vent, but also can be used as an indicator of work, providing great convenience.

The present invention is not limited to the described embodiments, and various modifications and changes can be made to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It belongs to the scope of claims for utility model registration.

Claims (5)

A fixer having a center axis, having a plurality of wings projecting outwardly at predetermined intervals around the mandrel, and fastening with a fix having a shape in which the wing is wound like a screw along its longitudinal direction about the mandrel; as, The fix holder includes a cylindrical cylindrical portion and a plurality of wing accommodation portions projecting outward at predetermined intervals such as the wings around the cylindrical portion to accommodate the plurality of wings, wherein the wing accommodation portion has a pitch of the wings. It is wound like a screw along the length of the tubular section to match, When the fix holder is fastened to the fix in the longitudinal direction, it is possible to fasten the fix holder while rotating it relative to the fix. The fix holder has a pair of slits formed in the longitudinal direction of the fix holder as a shape that is open to one side of the fix holder, Fixing holder, characterized in that to enable the insertion of the release-plated iron wire with a fix or irregularities formed from one side of the fix holder in the longitudinal direction of the fix holder. The method of claim 1, Fixing holder, characterized in that consisting of two or three wings and the wing receiving portion. The method of claim 1, When the fix holder is fastened with the fix, there is a gap between the wing receiving portion and the wing that can absorb vibration between the fix holder and the fix, and there is a space for ventilation between the tubular portion and the mandrel. Fix holder. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The fix holder further includes a cap that can be inserted and detached in a slit direction formed in the fix holder, Fixing holder, characterized in that the slit is shielded when the cap is inserted in the slit direction to prevent mortar from penetrating into the pillar holder through the slit. The method of claim 4, wherein The cap is: A base having a rectangular shape that is substantially left and right; Both side portions having approximately joint thicknesses formed on both sides of the base portion; An approximately cylindrical insertion portion having a length corresponding to the length of the slit at the center of the base portion and inserted into the fix holder; A connection part connecting the two sides and the insertion part and having a thickness corresponding to a gap between the slits; Fix holder, characterized in that consisting of.

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