KR20040104042A - Soot filtering apparatus of diesel vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A soot filter of a diesel vehicle is provided to reduce the using amount of additive by intermittently supplying additional fuel containing an additive during the combustion of a fuel and to effectively regenerate the filter by increasing the temperature of exhaust gas. CONSTITUTION: An auxiliary injector(5) is installed in an exhaust manifold of an exhaust line or a shear of a filter. A mixed fuel storage tank connects with a nozzle and stores mixed fuel to be mixed with an additive. A pump pumps the mixed fuel to the auxiliary injector intermittently by connecting with the mixed fuel storage tank. Thereby, the using amount of the additive is reduced and the regeneration of particular materials in the filter is promoted.

Description

SOOT FILTERING APPARATUS OF DIESEL VEHICLE}

The present invention relates to a soot filtration device for a diesel vehicle. More particularly, the soot trapped in a filter is added to a fuel by adding an additive that can lower the oxidation temperature of particulate matter of a diesel engine. The present invention relates to a soot filtration device for a diesel vehicle that enables continuous regeneration.

In general, diesel engines using diesel as a raw material have good thermal efficiency and low fuel cost, and thus are mainly used in vehicles or devices requiring large force such as trucks.

However, since diesel engines have good thermal efficiency and emit large amounts of particulate pollutants such as smoke, there is a problem in that they are not free from restrictions on environmental pollution. In other words, the exhaust gas of diesel vehicles includes carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur oxides, and particulate matter (PM). Particularly, the particulate matter is pointed to be the main cause of the increase in the generation of suspended dust. It is becoming.

Recently, research on the above-mentioned method for purifying particulate matter has been actively conducted, and a representative one thereof is a diesel particulate filter (DPF) method using a filter. A soot filtration device employing this method is a device that collects the smoke and particulate matter in the exhaust using a collecting filter and burns it with the exhaust gas temperature or a heat source supplied from the outside to use the collecting filter repeatedly (called regeneration). to be.

Recycling particulate matter of diesel car is Passive type which is regenerated only by exhaust gas without supplying heat source and Forced regeneration method which burns particulate matter by forcibly supplying heat source chemically or electrically. type).

The natural regeneration method mixes metal materials such as iron (Fe), cerium (Ce), copper (Cu), and platinum (Pt) with fuel to reduce the regeneration temperature of particulate matter. Is coated on the surface of the collecting filter, and the catalyst filter trap (Catalyst filter trap) for burning the particulate matter, and the catalyst-trap combination method (catalyst-Trap combinations) to install the catalyst at the front end, the collecting filter at the rear end.

The forced regeneration method collects particulate matter through a collecting filter and then directly burns the particulate matter through a burner or electric heater or heats it to a temperature at which it can be burned. Due to the high price and high price, the commercialization is delayed.

The natural regeneration method continuously burns particulate matter collected in the filter only at the temperature of the engine exhaust gas without the help of an external heat source. The structure is simple, the engine back pressure is low, and the price is relatively low. . However, even in the natural regeneration method, the quasi-continuous type that repeats the regeneration and collection is not exactly because the operating conditions of the vehicle are not always operated above the temperature causing the continuous regeneration of particulate matter. many.

The existing additive regeneration apparatus dilutes the additives in fuel and the fuel containing the additives is injected into the combustion chamber through a fuel injection pump and an injector. However, the driving time required for full load during the operation of the vehicle is less than 15% of the total driving time, and 45% requires no output at all and only 30-40% of the load is required. Therefore, continuous supply of additives in the natural regeneration method using additives does not cause continuous regeneration, but also causes additives to remain in the filter after regeneration to prevent the filter from being porous.

Therefore, the additives are mixed into the fuel in the cylinder of the engine, and since the particulate matter which is not burned after combustion in the engine is collected in the filter, the consumption of the additive is increased.

And since the temperature of gas emitted from the engine is almost below the BPT (Balance Point Temperature) of each additive, it is difficult to continuously regenerate when there is no additional device that can raise the temperature, and many particulate matters collected for a long time at once Combustion may cause abnormal combustion.

Therefore, in the common rail type engine, the exhaust gas temperature is increased through pilot injection and post-injection to burn the forcibly collected particulate matter.

In this case, the engine control unit (ECU; Engine Control Unit) to control the soot filtration together with the engine, so the ECU must be developed to control the soot filtration during the engine development process. Therefore, there is a problem in that it is difficult to apply in the currently running vehicle and can be applied only to the new car to be developed.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, it is to intermittently supply a separate fuel containing additives during the combustion process of the fuel to use less additives.

In addition, the present invention is to enable to increase the exhaust gas temperature to efficiently recycle the filter.

In addition, to provide a soot filtration device that can be installed and used in the vehicle as well as the new car.

1 is a block diagram showing a soot filtration device according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a partially enlarged view showing the main configuration of the soot filtration device according to the present invention.

Figure 3 is a block diagram showing a soot filtration device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

Engine section 3 Exhaust manifold

5 Auxiliary injector 7 Mixed fuel storage tank

9 Pump 11 Control unit

13 cylinder 15 head

17.Main injector 21 ... Solenoid valve

23 Adapter 25 Coolant flow path

27 Auxiliary igniter 29 Filter

In order to achieve the above technical problem, the soot filtration device of the present invention is an auxiliary injector installed in an exhaust manifold or filter front end of an exhaust line in an apparatus for collecting particulate matter by installing a filter in an exhaust line of a diesel vehicle. And a mixed fuel storage tank connected to the auxiliary injector and storing the mixed fuel mixed with the additive, and a pump connected to the mixed fuel storage tank to intermittently pump the mixed fuel to the nozzle.

On the other hand, the soot filtration device according to another embodiment of the present invention supplies fuel to the inside of the cylinder through a fuel supply line connected to the cylinder to ignite the combustion by compression of the cylinder head, and installs a filter in the exhaust line to form particulates. In a diesel vehicle for regenerating materials, the fuel cell includes a mixed fuel supply line connected to the fuel supply line and intermittently supplying a mixed fuel in which an additive and a fuel are mixed to the fuel supply line.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

1 is a block diagram showing a soot filtration device according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the soot filtration device of the present invention is connected to an auxiliary injector 5 installed at an exhaust manifold 3 or a filter front end of an engine unit 1, and connected to the auxiliary injector 5. A mixed fuel storage tank 7 in which a mixed fuel in which an additive is mixed is stored, a pump 9 connected to the mixed fuel storage tank 7 to pump the mixed fuel to the auxiliary injector 5, and the auxiliary injector 5 It is connected to the control unit 11 to control the mixed fuel injection in the auxiliary injector (5).

When explaining the engine unit 1 for a smooth description of the present invention, the engine unit 1 is connected to the head 15 of the engine is an intake manifold for directing the intake air into the cylinder 13, The head 15 is connected to an exhaust manifold 3 for discharging the exhaust gas generated when the fuel is combusted in the cylinder 13, and the main injector 17 for supplying fuel to the cylinder 13. Is a structure installed on the top of the head (15).

Here, the auxiliary injector 5 installed in the exhaust manifold 3 or the front end of the filter is equipped with a solenoid 21 to inject mixed fuel according to the operation of the solenoid 21.

The auxiliary injector 5 is installed in the exhaust manifold 3 or the adapter 23 fixed to the filter front end as shown in FIG. In order to prevent the auxiliary injector 5 from being damaged by heat, a cooling water flow path 25 is formed inside the adapter 23.

When the position where the auxiliary injector 5 is installed is installed at a position where natural ignition is not performed, an auxiliary igniter such as a heater is located at an adjacent position of the auxiliary injector 5 to ignite the mixed fuel injected from the auxiliary injector 5. (27) is installed, more preferably at a position corresponding to the lower part of the auxiliary injector (5).

The control unit 11 for controlling the combustion of the mixed fuel injected from the auxiliary injector 5 operates the pump 9 according to the back pressure and ignition time interval of the mixed fuel injected from the auxiliary injector 5 so that the mixed fuel is injected into the auxiliary injector. (5) to be injected, and if the natural ignition of the mixed fuel is not made to control the auxiliary igniter 27 to allow the mixed fuel to ignite.

The soot filtration device according to the present invention configured as described above has the following effects.

When the engine is first started, fuel and air are supplied into the cylinder 13 and compressed by the cylinder head to perform ignition so that combustion is performed inside the cylinder 13. At this time, the main injector 17 supplies fuel to the inside of the cylinder 13.

The exhaust gas generated as the combustion progresses inside the cylinder 13 is moved to the filter 29 through the exhaust manifold 3. The exhaust gas discharged to the exhaust manifold 3 is still at a high temperature, but the temperature is lowered toward the filter 29.

The particulate matter trapped in the filter is not oxidized below the constant temperature of the doubling gas (the natural oxidation temperature of the soot is 600 to 650 ℃ in the case of the filter without coating the catalyst and 260 to 400 ℃ when the catalyst-based additive is supplied). It continues to be stacked and increases the back pressure of the engine, causing an output loss. When the back pressure increases more than necessary, it is necessary to forcibly regenerate. At this time, the pump 9 is operated by the control of the control unit 11 to transfer the mixed fuel stored in the mixed fuel storage tank 7 to the auxiliary injector 5. And the solenoid 21 is operated to open the auxiliary injector 5 so that the mixed fuel is injected towards the filter 29.

The injected mixed fuel is ignited using the auxiliary igniter 27 when it is spontaneously ignited or not spontaneously ignited.

Then, the ignition is performed and the temperature of the exhaust gas due to the combustion of the mixed fuel is reduced, and the additive lowers the combustion temperature of the particulate material to burn the soot and particulate matter collected in the filter 29 to regenerate the filter 29. .

At this time, the control unit 11 can reduce the use of additives by intermittently controlling the back pressure and the injection interval of the pump 9 so that the mixed fuel is injected only when the filter is required to be regenerated.

Example 2

3 is a block diagram showing a soot filtration device according to another embodiment of the present invention, another embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

Another embodiment is a structure in which the mixed fuel supply line is connected in parallel to the fuel supply line connected to the cylinder 31 to intermittently supply the mixed fuel into the cylinder 31.

In more detail, the high pressure fuel pump 37 is connected to the injector 35 installed in the engine head 33 to inject fuel or mixed fuel stored in the fuel storage tank 39 or the mixed fuel storage tank 41. 35).

The high pressure fuel pump 37 is connected to the direction switching valve 43. Directional valve 43 is intermittently connected to the fuel supply line mixed fuel supply line.

The fuel supply line connected to the directional valve 43 is installed between the fuel storage tank 39 in which the fuel connected to the directional valve 43 is stored, and between the fuel storage tank 39 and the directional valve 43. It consists of a first low pressure fuel pump (45).

And the mixed fuel supply line is connected to the direction switching valve 43 and connected to any point between the fuel storage tank 39 and the direction switching valve 43 and the mixed fuel storage tank 41, the mixed fuel is stored therein, It consists of a second low-pressure fuel pump 47 is installed between the mixed fuel storage tank 41 and the direction switching valve 43, and the additive cylinder 49 connected to the mixed fuel storage tank 41.

In the mixed fuel supply line, a plurality of solenoids 51a and 51b are installed to control the operation of the plurality of solenoids 51a and 51b in a controller to be described later to supply an additive to the mixed fuel storage tank 41 and a mixed fuel storage tank ( At 41), the mixed fuel supply to the fuel supply line is controlled.

The first solenoid 51a is preferably installed between the direction switching valve 43 and the first low fuel pump 45 from the point to the mixed fuel storage tank 41, and the second solenoid 51b. Is preferably installed between the mixed fuel storage tank 41 and the additive container (49).

The control unit 53 is connected to the fuel supply line and the mixed fuel supply line described above.

The control unit 53 is connected to the directional valve 43, the plurality of solenoids (51a, 51b), and the filter 55 to control the intermittent fuel supply to the fuel supply line.

Another embodiment of the present invention configured as described above has the following actions.

When the engine is first started, fuel and air are supplied into the cylinder 31 and compressed with the cylinder head 33 to perform ignition. Ignition causes combustion inside the cylinder. At this time, the fuel stored in the fuel storage tank 39 continues to the inside of the cylinder 31 through the second low pressure fuel pump 47, the directional valve 43, the high pressure fuel pump 37, and the injector 35. Supplied.

In this process, when the pressure is greater than or equal to a predetermined back pressure input to the control unit or at a predetermined time interval, the direction switching valve 43 is opened to supply the mixed fuel stored in the mixed fuel storage tank 41 to the cylinder 31 through the injector 35. .

That is, in order to regenerate the filter 55 by supplying the additive into the cylinder 31, the control unit 53 operates the direction switching valve 43 to block the fuel supply line and open the mixed fuel supply line. . Then, the mixed fuel stored in the mixed fuel storage tank 41 passes through the direction switching valve 43, the high pressure fuel pump 37, and the injector 35, and is supplied into the cylinder 31.

The mixed fuel is supplied to the cylinder 31, ignition and combustion proceed by the compression action of the cylinder head 33, and the exhaust gas generated by the combustion flows into the filter 55 through the exhaust manifold 57. Since the additive is contained in the exhaust gas, the combustion temperature of the particulate matter collected in the filter 55 is lowered to burn the soot and particulate matter to regenerate the filter 55.

The intermittent supply of the mixed fuel using such a soot filtration device is controlled by the controller 53 to be operated only when the filter 55 is regenerated.

On the other hand, in the case of supplying fuel and additives to the mixed fuel storage tank 41 for mixing, the first switching valve 43 in the fuel supply line is blocked and the plurality of solenoids 51a and 51b are opened in the first state. The low pressure fuel pump 45 is operated to supply the fuel stored in the fuel storage tank 39 to the mixed fuel storage tank 41 and simultaneously supply the additive stored in the additive container 49 to the mixed fuel storage tank 41.

As described above, according to the exemplary embodiment of the diesel particulate filter, the amount of the additive can be reduced by intermittently supplying the additive only at the time of regeneration of the filter.

In addition, since the mixed fuel is ignited by using the auxiliary igniter provided at the front side of the filter, the exhaust gas temperature flowing into the filter can be raised to regenerate particulate matter trapped in the filter.

In addition, it can be connected to a running vehicle as well as a new car, thereby providing convenience of development cost and soot filtration device of the vehicle.

Claims (9)

In the apparatus for regenerating particulate matter by installing a filter in the exhaust line of a diesel vehicle, An auxiliary injector installed at an exhaust manifold of the exhaust line or a front end portion of the filter; A mixed fuel storage tank connected to the nozzle and storing a mixed fuel in which an additive is mixed; And a pump connected to the mixed fuel storage tank to intermittently pump the mixed fuel to the auxiliary injector. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a control unit connected to the auxiliary injector to control the operation of the pump to intermittently inject the mixed fuel from the auxiliary injector. 3. The particulate filter of a diesel vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an auxiliary igniter for igniting the mixed fuel injected from the auxiliary injector is installed under the auxiliary injector. 2. The particulate filter of a diesel vehicle according to claim 1, wherein an adapter in which a cooling water flow path is formed in the exhaust manifold or the front end of the filter is installed, and the auxiliary injector is installed in the adapter. In a diesel vehicle that supplies fuel to the inside of the cylinder through a fuel supply line connected to the cylinder to ignite by compression of the cylinder head to perform combustion, and installs a filter in the exhaust line to regenerate particulate matter. And a mixed fuel supply line connected to the fuel supply line and intermittently supplying the mixed fuel in which the additive and the fuel are mixed to the fuel supply line. 6. The smoke filter of a diesel vehicle according to claim 5, wherein a direction change valve is installed at a connection point between the fuel supply line and the mixed fuel supply line. The mixed fuel storage tank of claim 6, wherein the mixed fuel supply line is connected to the diverter valve and is connected to any point between the fuel supply line and the diverter valve and has a mixed fuel stored therein and the mixed fuel. A soot filtration device for a diesel vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a first low-pressure fuel pump installed between the storage tank and the directional valve. According to claim 7, In order to mix the fuel and the additive in the mixed fuel storage tank, the fuel and additives are supplied to the mixed fuel storage tank by connecting the fuel storage tank and the additive tank of the fuel supply line at the same time. Smoke filter of diesel vehicle. According to claim 6 or 7, wherein it is connected to the directional valve, the first low fuel pump and the filter to control the directional valve and the first low fuel pump so that the mixed fuel is intermittently supplied to the fuel supply line A soot filtration device for a diesel vehicle, comprising a control unit.