KR20040100300A - Manufacturing Method for a sliding bearing and its product thereof - Google Patents

Manufacturing Method for a sliding bearing and its product thereof Download PDF

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KR20040100300A
KR20040100300A KR1020030032594A KR20030032594A KR20040100300A KR 20040100300 A KR20040100300 A KR 20040100300A KR 1020030032594 A KR1020030032594 A KR 1020030032594A KR 20030032594 A KR20030032594 A KR 20030032594A KR 20040100300 A KR20040100300 A KR 20040100300A
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South Korea
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graphite
metal powder
sliding bearing
powder
mixed metal
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KR1020030032594A
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Korean (ko)
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KR100496655B1 (en
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윤덕재
나경환
최석우
임성주
정하국
이태희
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한국생산기술연구원
주식회사 루-보
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Priority to KR10-2003-0032594A priority Critical patent/KR100496655B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/16—Sliding surface consisting mainly of graphite
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2220/00—Shaping
    • F16C2220/20—Shaping by sintering pulverised material, e.g. powder metallurgy

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method for manufacturing a slide bearing and the slide bearing manufactured thereby are provided to improve the impact resistance against heavy load by sintering and bonding metal powder without graphite and compound metal powder including graphite on the metal plate, and to reduce the pollution and manufacturing cost by using the metal plate without coating copper. CONSTITUTION: Compound metal powder without graphite(200) is spread on the surface of a metal plate(100), and compound metal powder for increasing the amount of graphite gradually is spread on the compound metal powder without graphite. The compound metal powder without graphite is composed of copper of 10 to 40 wt%, nickel of 5 to 20 wt% and iron, and spread on the surface of the metal plate. Compound metal powder including graphite of 0.1 to 4 wt%(210) is spread on the compound metal powder without graphite, and compound metal powder including graphite of 4 to 7 wt%(220) is spread on the compound metal powder including the small amount of graphite.

Description

미끄럼베어링의 제조방법 및 그 물건{Manufacturing Method for a sliding bearing and its product thereof}Manufacturing method for a sliding bearing and its article {Manufacturing Method for a sliding bearing and its product about}

본 발명은 베어링 면과 저널이 유막을 사이에 두고 미끄럼운동을 하는 미끄럼베어링의 제조방법 및 그 물건에 관한 것으로서, 보다 상세하게는 미끄럼베어링의 핵심재료인 금속혼합분말이 금속판 이면(Metal-back Plate)에 견고하게 접합될 수 있는 미끄럼베어링의 제조방법 및 그 물건에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a sliding bearing in which a bearing surface and a journal slide with an oil film therebetween, and more particularly, a metal mixed powder which is a core material of a sliding bearing is a metal-back plate. It relates to a method of manufacturing a sliding bearing that can be firmly bonded to the) and the article.

일반적으로 미끄럼베어링은 중장비, 프레스, 사출기, 공작기계, 산업기계 등의 구동부위나 슬라이딩 부위에 폭넓게 사용되는 것으로, 축, 저널 또는 카운트 플레이트 등을 지지하는 역할을 한다. 이러한 미끄럼베어링은 부시형, 분할형, 플레이트형 등 다양한 형태로 성형되는데, 통상 강철판 이면에 동계 합금, 알루미늄계 합금, 구리-납계 합금, 동계 및 합성수지계 복합재 등이 접합되어 이루어진다.In general, sliding bearings are widely used in driving parts or sliding parts of heavy equipment, presses, injection machines, machine tools, industrial machines, etc., and support a shaft, a journal, or a count plate. Such sliding bearings are molded in various forms such as bush type, split type and plate type, and are usually made by joining copper alloys, aluminum alloys, copper-lead alloys, copper-based and synthetic resin-based composites to the back of the steel sheet.

도 1과 도 2는 이와 같은 미끄럼베어링의 제조공정의 일예를 나타낸 것으로서, 크게 구리도금 강철판 준비단계, 금속혼합분말 도포단계, 압연(또는 프레스성형)단계 그리고 소결단계로 이루어진다.1 and 2 show an example of the manufacturing process of such a sliding bearing, and largely comprises a copper plated steel sheet preparation step, metal mixed powder coating step, rolling (or press molding) step and sintering step.

먼저, 구리도금 강철판 준비단계는 강철판(10) 한쪽 면에 구리를 도금하는 단계로서, 구리도금을 하는 이유는 금속혼합분말(20)이 강철판(10)에 견고하게 접합되지 않기 때문이다. 따라서 금속혼합분말(20)을 강철판(10)에 소결 접합시키기 위하여 구리 도금층이 중간 접합재료(혹은 금속접착재료)로서 사용되는 것이다. 그리고 구리의 도금은 무전해도금이나 전기도금법으로 통상 2~10㎛의 두께를 가지도록 형성된다.First, the copper plated steel sheet preparation step is to plate the copper on one side of the steel plate 10, the reason for the copper plating is that the metal mixture powder 20 is not firmly bonded to the steel plate (10). Therefore, in order to sinter the metal mixed powder 20 to the steel plate 10, a copper plating layer is used as an intermediate bonding material (or metal bonding material). And copper plating is formed so that it may have thickness of 2-10 micrometers normally by an electroless plating or an electroplating method.

금속혼합분말 도포단계는 강철판(10) 한쪽면에 금속혼합분말(20)을 소정의 두께로 도포하는 단계로서, 이러한 금속혼합분말(20)의 성분은 구리 10~30중량부, 흑연 0.1-7중량부, 나머지 철로 이루어져 있으며, 이외에도 몰리브덴, 니켈, 망간, 아연, 크롬 등이 첨가되기도 한다.Applying the metal mixed powder is a step of applying the metal mixed powder 20 to a predetermined thickness on one side of the steel sheet 10, the components of the metal mixed powder 20 is 10 to 30 parts by weight of copper, graphite 0.1-7 It is composed of parts by weight and the remaining iron, and in addition, molybdenum, nickel, manganese, zinc, chromium and the like may be added.

압연(혹은 프레스성형)단계는 금속혼합분말(20)이 도포된 강철판(10)을 50~300㎏/㎠의 압력으로 가압하여 소결성형층(30)을 형성하는 단계로서, 이러한 압연(혹은 프레스성형)단계를 통해 금속혼합분말(20)은 강철판(10)에 서로 응집된다.The rolling (or press molding) step is a step of forming the sintered molding layer 30 by pressing the steel sheet 10 to which the metal mixed powder 20 is applied at a pressure of 50 to 300 kg / cm 2. Through the molding), the metal mixture powder 20 is agglomerated with each other on the steel sheet 10.

그리고 소결단계는 금속혼합분말(20)을 강철판(10)에 가일층 소결시키는 단계로서, 금속혼합분말(20)은 이러한 소결단계를 통해 강철판(10)에 접합된다. 그리고 소결이 이루어진 금속이면금속(10)은 열처리공정과 윤활제함침공정 등을 추가로 진행한 후에 도 3에서 나타낸 바와 같이 미끄럼베어링(40)으로 성형 생산된다.And the sintering step is a step of further sintering the metal mixture powder 20 to the steel plate 10, the metal mixture powder 20 is bonded to the steel plate 10 through this sintering step. Then, if the sintered metal, the metal 10 is formed into a sliding bearing 40 as shown in FIG. 3 after further performing a heat treatment process and a lubricant impregnation process.

그러나 이와 같은 종래의 미끄럼베어링 제조방법은 금속혼합분말(20)을 이질성의 강철판(10)에 직접 도포하여 소결시키므로 금속혼합분말(20)이 강철판(10)에 견고하게 소결 접합되지 않는 문제점이 발생되었다. 즉, 윤활 작용을 위해 반드시 첨가되는 흑연(탄소)성분이 금속혼합분말(20)과 강철판(10)의 견고한 접합을 방해하기 때문이다.However, in the conventional sliding bearing manufacturing method, the metal mixed powder 20 is directly applied to the heterogeneous steel sheet 10 and sintered so that the metal mixed powder 20 is not firmly sintered and bonded to the steel plate 10. It became. That is, because the graphite (carbon) component necessarily added for the lubrication action prevents the firm bonding of the metal mixture powder 20 and the steel sheet 10.

보다 상세하게 설명하면, 철분말 주위에 고용융점의 흑연분말이 존재함으로서 금속원자 사이의 확산 또는 반응을 저해함으로써 견고하게 접합되지 못하고, 또한 소결접합공정에서 철분말과 흑연이 서로 열팽창계수의 차이로 인하여 이질화되는 주된 요인으로 작용하게 된다.In more detail, the presence of a high melting point graphite powder around the iron powder prevents it from being firmly bonded by inhibiting diffusion or reaction between the metal atoms, and in the sintering bonding process, the iron powder and the graphite are different from each other due to the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion. Because of this, it acts as a major factor that is heterogeneous.

따라서, 종래의 미끄럼베어링 제조방법에 따라 생산된 미끄럼베어링(40)은 소결성형층(30)이 강철판(10)에 견고하게 접합되지 못하고, 작은 충격에도 쉽게 분리되었으며, 이로 인하여 제품의 품질을 현격하게 떨어뜨리는 문제점이 발생되었다.Therefore, the sliding bearing 40 produced according to the conventional sliding bearing manufacturing method is not sintered molding layer 30 is firmly bonded to the steel sheet 10, and is easily separated even by a small impact, thereby significantly improving the quality of the product. The problem was dropped.

한편, 흑연으로 인한 소결의 문제점을 해결하고자 선 공고된 한국특허공고 제97-45877호의 경우에도 구리가 도금된 강철판(10)을 사용하였으나, 금속혼합분말(20)에 혼합된 흑연이 구리와 강철판(10)의 접합을 저해하는 문제점이 계속 발생되었다. 따라서 금속혼합분말(20)이 강철판(10)의 표면과 제대로 접합되지 않는 문제점을 근본적으로 해결할 수 없었으며, 구리에 의존한 금속혼합분말(20)의 소결은 그 한계점이 노출될 수밖에 없었다.Meanwhile, in the case of Korean Patent Publication No. 97-45877, which was previously announced to solve the problem of sintering due to graphite, the copper plated steel sheet 10 was used, however, the graphite mixed with the metal mixture powder 20 was copper and the steel sheet. The problem which inhibited the junction of (10) continued to arise. Therefore, the problem that the metal mixture powder 20 is not properly bonded to the surface of the steel sheet 10 could not be fundamentally solved, and the sintering of the metal mixture powder 20 based on copper had its limitations.

더욱이, 종래의 미끄럼베어링 제조방법은 강철판(10)에 구리를 도금하므로 구리의 도금공정으로 인한 생산성의 감소와 함께 많은 인적비용 및 물적 비용이 지출되는 문제점이 발생되었다. 특히, 도금과정의 특성상 유독성의 공해물질이 배출되어 환경을 오염시키고, 열악한 작업환경을 조성하여 작업자의 건강에 악영향을 주는 등 여러 문제점도 발생되었다.In addition, the conventional sliding bearing manufacturing method has a problem in that a lot of human cost and material cost is spent with the reduction of productivity due to the plating process of the copper plated copper on the steel plate (10). In particular, due to the nature of the plating process, toxic pollutants are discharged to pollute the environment, create a poor working environment adversely affecting the health of the worker has also occurred.

본 발명은 전술한 바와 같은 종래의 제반 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 안출된 것으로, 본 발명의 목적은 금속판에 윤활특성이 우수한 금속혼합분말을 견고하게 소결 접합시켜 내충격성과 고하중용으로 사용할 수 있는 미끄럼베어링의 제조방법 및 그 물건을 제공하는데 있다.The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a sintered joint of a metal mixture powder excellent in lubrication characteristics to a metal plate to be firmly used for impact resistance and high load of the sliding bearing It is to provide a manufacturing method and the article.

또한, 본 발명의 다른 목적은 구리가 도금되지 않은 금속판을 사용하므로 미끄럼베어링의 제조공정과 생산비용을 줄이는 반면 생산성은 크게 향상시킬 수 있는 미끄럼베어링의 제조방법 및 그 물건을 제공하는데 있다.In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide a manufacturing method and the article of the sliding bearing which can significantly improve the productivity while reducing the manufacturing process and production cost of the sliding bearing because the copper plated metal plate is used.

도 1은 종래기술에 의한 미끄럼베어링의 제조공정을 나타낸 블록도,1 is a block diagram showing a manufacturing process of a sliding bearing according to the prior art,

도 2는 종래기술에 의한 미끄럼베어링의 제조공정을 개략적으로 나타낸 공정도,2 is a process diagram schematically showing a manufacturing process of a sliding bearing according to the prior art,

도 3은 종래기술에 의해 생산된 미끄럼베어링의 구조를 나타낸 단면도,Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the sliding bearing produced by the prior art,

도 4는 본 발명에 의한 미끄럼베어링의 제조공정을 나타낸 블록도,4 is a block diagram showing a manufacturing process of a sliding bearing according to the present invention;

도 5는 본 발명에 의한 미끄럼베어링의 제조공정을 개략적으로 나타낸 공정도,5 is a process diagram schematically showing a manufacturing process of a sliding bearing according to the present invention;

도 6은 본 발명에 의해 생산된 미끄럼베어링의 단면도,6 is a cross-sectional view of the sliding bearing produced by the present invention,

도 7은 본 발명에 의한 제2의 미끄럼베어링의 제조공정을 개략적으로 나타낸 공정도.7 is a process diagram schematically showing a manufacturing process of the second sliding bearing according to the present invention.

< 도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 설명 ><Description of Symbols for Main Parts of Drawings>

100 : 금속판 200 : 비흑연혼합금속분말층100: metal plate 200: non-graphite mixed metal powder layer

210 : 저흑연혼합금속분말층 220 : 고흑연혼합금속분말층210: low graphite mixed metal powder layer 220: high graphite mixed metal powder layer

300 : 소결성형층 400 : 미끄럼베어링300: sintered molding layer 400: sliding bearing

이와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 미끄럼베어링의 제조방법은 흑연, 구리, 철 등으로 이루어진 금속혼합분말을 금속판 이면에 도포한 후, 소결단계와 압연단계 등을 통하여 미끄럼베어링을 성형 생산하는 미끄럼베어링의 제조방법에 있어서, 상기 금속판의 표면에 흑연이 포함되지 않은 비흑연혼합금속분말을 도포하는 접합소재 도포단계와; 도포된 상기 비흑연혼합금속분말 위에 흑연의 분포가 점진적으로 증가되도록 흑연혼합금속분말을 적층되게 도포하는 베어링소재 도포단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다.In the manufacturing method of the sliding bearing of the present invention for achieving the above object is a sliding of forming a sliding bearing through the sintering step and rolling step after applying a metal mixed powder made of graphite, copper, iron, etc. on the back of the metal plate. 1. A method of manufacturing a bearing, comprising: a joining material coating step of applying a non-graphite mixed metal powder containing no graphite on a surface of the metal plate; It characterized in that it comprises a bearing material coating step of applying the graphite mixed metal powder laminated so that the distribution of graphite is gradually increased on the non-graphite mixed metal powder applied.

그리고 본 발명의 미끄럼베어링의 제조방법에 따른 제품은 흑연, 구리, 철 등으로 이루어진 금속혼합분말을 압연 및 소결하여 금속이면에 소결성형층을 형성한 미끄럼베어링에 있어서, 상기 금속판 이면의 표면에서 멀어질수록 점진적으로 흑연의 함유량이 증가되도록 미끄럼베어링의 소결성형층을 성형한 것을 특징으로 한다.In addition, the product according to the manufacturing method of the sliding bearing of the present invention is a sliding bearing in which a sintered molding layer is formed on a metal surface by rolling and sintering a metal mixed powder composed of graphite, copper, iron, etc., far from the surface of the back surface of the metal plate. It characterized in that the sintered molding layer of the sliding bearing is molded so that the content of graphite gradually increases as it increases.

이하 본 발명의 미끄럼베어링의 제조방법에 따른 제1실시 예를 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 상세하게 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, a first embodiment according to a manufacturing method of a sliding bearing of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

도 4는 본 발명에 의한 미끄럼베어링의 제조공정을 나타낸 블록도이고, 도 5는 본 발명에 의한 미끄럼베어링의 제조공정을 개략적으로 나타낸 공정도로서, 도시된 바와 같이 본 발명의 미끄럼베어링 제조방법은 크게 접합소재 도포단계, 베어링소재 도포단계, 1차소결단계, 압연(혹은 프레스성형)단계, 2차소결단계 등을 통해 이루어진다.Figure 4 is a block diagram showing the manufacturing process of the sliding bearing according to the present invention, Figure 5 is a process diagram schematically showing the manufacturing process of the sliding bearing according to the present invention, as shown the sliding bearing manufacturing method of the present invention is large Joining material coating step, bearing material coating step, the first sintering step, rolling (or press molding) step is made through the second sintering step.

먼저, 접합소재 도포단계는 금속판(100)의 표면에 흑연이 포함되지 않은 비흑연혼합금속분말(200)을 도포하는 단계로서, 이러한 비흑연혼합금속분말(200)은 조성은 금속판(100)과 접합성 또는 친화력이 좋은 소재로 구성되고 일예로 구리 10~40중량부, 니켈 5~14중량부, 나머지는 철로 구성하였다.First, the bonding material applying step is a step of applying a non-graphite mixed metal powder 200, which does not contain graphite on the surface of the metal plate 100, the non-graphite mixed metal powder 200 is composed of a metal plate 100 and Consisting of good bonding or affinity material, for example, 10 to 40 parts by weight of copper, 5 to 14 parts by weight of nickel, and the rest were composed of iron.

베어링소재 도포단계는 흑연이 포함된 흑연혼합금속분말을 상기한 비흑연혼합금속분말(200) 위에 도포하는 단계로서, 이러한 베어링소재 도포단계는 저흑연혼합금속도포단계와 고흑연혼합금속도포단계를 통해 금속이면금속(100)의 표면으로부터 점진적으로 흑연의 조성비율을 높이게 된다.The bearing material coating step is to apply the graphite mixed metal powder containing graphite on the non-graphite mixed metal powder 200, the bearing material applying step is a low graphite mixed metal coating step and a high graphite mixed metal coating step Through the metal, the composition ratio of graphite is gradually increased from the surface of the metal 100.

먼저, 저흑연혼합금속도포단계는 소량의 흑연이 포함된 저흑연혼합금속분말(210)을 비흑연혼합금속분말(200) 위에 도포하는 단계로서, 이러한 저흑연혼합금속분말(210) 조성은 금속판(100)과 접합성 혹은 친화력이 좋은 소재에 약간의 흑연을 첨가시킨 것으로, 일예로 흑연 0.1~4중량부, 구리 10~40중량부, 니켈 5~14중량부, 나머지는 철로 조성하였다.First, the low graphite mixed metal coating step is to apply a low graphite mixed metal powder 210 containing a small amount of graphite on the non-graphite mixed metal powder 200, the low graphite mixed metal powder 210 composition is a metal plate Some graphite was added to the raw material having good bonding or affinity with (100), and for example, 0.1 to 4 parts by weight of graphite, 10 to 40 parts by weight of copper, 5 to 14 parts by weight of nickel, and the rest were made of iron.

그리고 고흑연혼합금속도포단계는 보다 많은 양의 흑연을 포함한 고흑연혼합금속분말(220)을 저흑연혼합금속분말(210) 위에 도포하는 단계로서, 이러한 고흑연혼합금속분말(220)의 조성은 흑연 4~7중량부, 구리 10~40중량부, 니켈 5~14중량부, 나머지는 철로 조성하였다.And the high graphite mixed metal coating step is to apply a high graphite mixed metal powder 220 containing a larger amount of graphite on the low graphite mixed metal powder 210, the composition of the high graphite mixed metal powder 220 4-7 weight part of graphite, 10-40 weight part of copper, 5-14 weight part of nickel, and the remainder were comprised with iron.

따라서 금속판(100)에 도포된 비흑연혼합금속분말(200)과, 저흑연혼합금속분말(210) 그리고 고흑연혼합금속분말(220)은 금속판(100)의 표면에서 멀어질수록 흑연의 조성 비율이 높아지는 특성을 갖게 된다.Therefore, the non-graphite mixed metal powder 200, the low graphite mixed metal powder 210, and the high graphite mixed metal powder 220 applied to the metal plate 100 move away from the surface of the metal plate 100. This will have a higher characteristic.

1차소결단계는 접합소재 도포단계와 베어링소재 도포단계에 의해 적층(積層)된 비흑연혼합금속분말(200)과, 저흑연혼합금속분말(210) 그리고 고흑연혼합금속분말(220)을 가열하여 금속이면금속(100)에 소결 접합하는 단계로서, 불활성가스의 분위기에서 소결온도는 1050~1150℃에서 1~15분간 유지하는 것이 바람직하다.In the first sintering step, the non-graphite mixed metal powder 200, the low graphite mixed metal powder 210 and the high graphite mixed metal powder 220 laminated by the bonding material applying step and the bearing material applying step are heated. As a step of sintering and bonding the metal to the metal 100, the sintering temperature in an atmosphere of inert gas is preferably maintained for 1 to 15 minutes at 1050 ~ 1150 ℃.

따라서, 비흑연혼합금속분말(200)과, 저흑연혼합금속분말(210) 그리고 고흑연혼합금속분말(220)은 제1소결단계를 통해서 다음 공정인 압연(혹은 프레스성형)시에 분말소재 성형시 발생되는 성형불량률을 줄일 수 있으며, 또한 압연(혹은 프레스성형)에서 분말 베어링소재의 성형밀도를 높임으로서 금속판(100)에 견고하게 접합시킬 수 있다.Therefore, the non-graphite mixed metal powder 200, the low graphite mixed metal powder 210, and the high graphite mixed metal powder 220 are formed through the first sintering step to form a powder material during rolling (or press molding). It is possible to reduce the molding defect rate generated at the time, and also to be firmly bonded to the metal plate 100 by increasing the molding density of the powder bearing material in rolling (or press molding).

그리고 저흑연혼합금속분말(210)은 비흑연혼합금속분말(200)과 조성성분이 동질성 및 친화성을 가지므로 자연스럽게 친화되어 소결되고, 또한 고흑연혼합금속분말(220)은 저흑연혼합금속분말(210)과 조성성분이 동질성 및 친화성을 가지므로 저흑연혼합금속분말(210)과 자연스럽게 친화되어 소결된다.The low graphite mixed metal powder 210 has a homogeneity and affinity with the non-graphite mixed metal powder 200 and is naturally affinity and sintered, and the high graphite mixed metal powder 220 is a low graphite mixed metal powder. Since 210 and the components have homogeneity and affinity, they are naturally affinity with the low graphite mixed metal powder 210 and sintered.

압연단계는 1차소결단계에 의해 금속이면금속(100)에 소결 접합된 비흑연혼합금속분말(200)과, 저흑연혼합금속분말(210) 그리고 고흑연혼합금속분말(220)을 압연하는 단계로서, 이러한 압연(혹은 프레스성형)과정을 통해 비흑연혼합금속분말(200), 저흑연혼합금속분말(210) 그리고고흑연혼합금속분말(220)은 더욱 성형함으로서 소결층의 성형밀도 향상과 내부 잔류응력에 의해 견고하게 금속판(100)에 접합된 소결성형층(300)을 형성하게 된다.The rolling step is a step of rolling the non-graphite mixed metal powder 200, the low graphite mixed metal powder 210 and the high graphite mixed metal powder 220 sintered and bonded to the metal 100 by the first sintering step. As such, the non-graphite mixed metal powder 200, the low graphite mixed metal powder 210, and the high graphite mixed metal powder 220 are further formed through the rolling (or press molding) process, thereby improving the molding density of the sintered layer and internally. The sintered molding layer 300 bonded to the metal plate 100 is firmly formed by the residual stress.

2차소결단계는 1차소결단계에 의해 소결된 소결성형층(300)을 한번 더 소결시키는 단계로서, 이때 불활성가스 분위기에서 소결온도는 1050~1150℃에서 15~45분간 유지하는 것이 바람직하다. 따라서 소결성형층(300)은 2차소결단계를 통해 금속판(100)에 보다 견고하게 접합되고, 소결성형층(300)을 이루고 있는 비흑연혼합금속분말(200), 저흑연혼합금속분말(210) 그리고 고흑연혼합금속분말(220)은 보다 견고하게 응집 및 소결된다.The second sintering step is a step of sintering the sintered molding layer 300 sintered by the first sintering step once more, and at this time, the sintering temperature in an inert gas atmosphere is preferably maintained at 1050 to 1150 ° C. for 15 to 45 minutes. Therefore, the sintered molding layer 300 is more firmly bonded to the metal plate 100 through the second sintering step, and the non-graphite mixed metal powder 200 and the low graphite mixed metal powder 210 forming the sintered molding layer 300. And the high graphite mixed metal powder 220 is more firmly aggregated and sintered.

그리고 2차소결단계를 통해 소결된 소결성형층(300)은 추가적인 열처리단계를 통하여 경도를 보다 향상시키는 것이 가능하며, 이러한 열처리단계는 침탄, 질화, 또는 소려 등 다양한 열처리 방법이 적용 가능하다.In addition, the sintered molded layer 300 sintered through the secondary sintering step may further improve hardness through an additional heat treatment step, and various heat treatment methods such as carburization, nitriding, or sourcing may be applied.

또한, 2차소결단계를 통해 소결된 소결성형층(300)은 흑연 등에 의해 건식 윤활제로서의 기능을 가질 수 있으나, 장기간 무급유상태, 즉 오일리스베어링으로 사용될 수 있도록 윤활제함침단계를 통하여 윤활 오일이나 그리스와 같은 습식윤활제를 함침하는 것도 가능하다.In addition, the sintered molding layer 300 sintered through the secondary sintering step may have a function as a dry lubricant by graphite or the like, but lubricating oil or grease through a lubricant impregnation step so that it can be used as an oilless bearing for a long period of time. It is also possible to impregnate a wet lubricant such as

따라서 상기한 접합소재 도포단계, 베어링소재 도포단계, 1차소결단계, 압연(혹은 프레스성형)단계, 2차소결단계 등을 통해 제조되는 본 발명의 미끄럼베어링(400)은 도 6에서 나타낸 바와 같이 금속판(100)의 표면에서 멀어질수록 보다 높은 흑연 조성비율을 갖게 된다.Therefore, the sliding bearing 400 of the present invention manufactured through the above-described bonding material coating step, bearing material coating step, primary sintering step, rolling (or press molding) step, secondary sintering step and the like is shown in FIG. The farther from the surface of the metal plate 100, the higher the graphite composition ratio.

이러한 흑연 조성비율을 갖는 본 발명의 미끄럼베어링(400)은 제조단계에서금속판(100)과 소결성형층(300)이 지니는 동질성으로 인하여 견고하게 소결 접합되므로 미끄럼베어링의 제조공정 상에서 불량률이 현저하게 감소된다. 또한, 소결성형층(300)의 견고한 접합은 미끄럼베어링(400)에 충격이 가해지는 경우에도 금속판(100)과 소결성형층(300)과의 접합 상태를 견고하게 유지하는 가장 중요한 역할을 하게 된다. 따라서 미끄럼베어링(400)의 품질과 상품성을 크게 향상시키고, 내충격성과 고하중용 미끄럼베어링을 생산할 수 있게 된다.Since the sliding bearing 400 of the present invention having such a graphite composition ratio is firmly sintered and bonded due to the homogeneity of the metal plate 100 and the sintered molding layer 300 in the manufacturing step, the defect rate is significantly reduced in the manufacturing process of the sliding bearing. do. In addition, the firm bonding of the sintered molding layer 300 plays the most important role of maintaining a firm bonding state between the metal plate 100 and the sintered molding layer 300 even when the sliding bearing 400 is subjected to an impact. . Therefore, it is possible to greatly improve the quality and productability of the sliding bearing 400, and to produce impact resistance and high load sliding bearings.

그리고 본 발명의 미끄럼베어링(400)은 도 6에서 나타낸 바와 같이 소결성형층(300)의 외부면으로 갈수록 흑연이 높은 비율로 조성되는 구조이므로, 미끄럼베어링(400)의 윤활 작용이 보다 원활하게 이루어지게 된다. 따라서 본 발명은 통상의 미끄럼베어링이 갖는 최대 문제인 흑연이 갖는 윤활 기능과 소결시 흑연으로 인한 접합 불량의 문제점을 모두 해결하였다.And since the sliding bearing 400 of the present invention has a structure in which graphite is formed at a higher ratio toward the outer surface of the sintered molding layer 300 as shown in FIG. 6, the lubricating action of the sliding bearing 400 is made more smoothly. You lose. Therefore, the present invention solves both the lubrication function of graphite, which is the biggest problem of conventional sliding bearings, and the problems of bonding failure due to graphite during sintering.

더욱이, 본 발명의 미끄럼베어링 제조방법은 종래에서와 같이 구리가 도금된 강철판(10)을 사용하지 않으므로 미끄럼베어링의 제조공정을 크게 단축시키고, 제조비용도 획기적으로 절감하게 되며, 도금과정에 따른 대기 및 수질 오염문제와 작업환경의 문제가 전혀 발생되지 않는다.In addition, the sliding bearing manufacturing method of the present invention does not use the copper plated steel plate 10 as in the prior art, greatly shortening the manufacturing process of the sliding bearing, significantly reducing the manufacturing cost, and the atmosphere according to the plating process And water pollution and work environment problems are not generated at all.

한편, 본 발명의 미끄럼베어링의 제조방법은 전술한 제1실시예 이외에 도 7에서 나타낸 바와 같이 소결단계와 압연(혹은 프레스성형)단계를 변경한 경우에도 동일하게 적용되며, 소결단계와 압연(혹은 프레스성형)단계에서의 세부적인 제조공정에 대한 설명은 전술한 제1실시예의 경우와 동일하므로 생략한다.On the other hand, the manufacturing method of the sliding bearing of the present invention is equally applicable to the case of changing the sintering step and the rolling (or press forming) step as shown in Figure 7 in addition to the first embodiment described above, the sintering step and rolling (or Description of the detailed manufacturing process in the press molding step is the same as in the case of the first embodiment described above and will be omitted.

그리고 상술한 실시예는 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예의 일예를 설명한 것에불과한 것으로, 본 발명의 적용범위는 이와 같은 것에 한정되는 것은 아니며, 동일사상의 범주 내에서 적절하게 변경 가능한 것이다. 예를 들어 베어링소재 도포단계의 경우 도 5에서 보는 바와 같이 2단계에 걸쳐 금속혼합분말에 흑연의 조성비율을 높였으나, 3단계 및 4단계 등으로도 적용 가능한 것이다.And the above-described embodiment is not limited to the description of one example of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the scope of application of the present invention is not limited to such, and can be changed as appropriate within the scope of the same idea. For example, in the case of the bearing material coating step, as shown in FIG. 5, the composition ratio of graphite is increased in the metal mixed powder in two steps, but it is also applicable to the third and fourth steps.

또한, 본 발명에서는 구리, 니켈, 철로 이루어진 금속혼합분말을 통해 소결성형층을 형성하는 실시예를 기술하였으나, 흑연이 포함되는 다른 조성성분들의 경우에도 널리 적용 가능한 것이다.In addition, the present invention has been described an embodiment of forming a sintered molding layer through a metal mixed powder made of copper, nickel, iron, it is also widely applicable to the other composition components containing graphite.

이상에서와 같이 본 발명은 금속판과 동질성 및 친화성을 갖는 비흑연혼합금속분말과, 비흑연혼합금속분말과 동질성 및 친화성을 갖는 흑연혼합금속분말을 금속판의 표면에 적층되게 도포하여 소결 접합되도록 하였다.As described above, the present invention applies a non-graphite mixed metal powder having homogeneity and affinity to the metal plate, and a graphite mixed metal powder having homogeneity and affinity with the non-graphite mixed metal powder to be laminated on the surface of the metal plate to be sintered and joined. It was.

따라서, 비흑연혼합금속분말과 흑연혼합금속분말이 금속판 이면에 견고하게 소결 접합되므로 사용도중 충격에도 분리되지 않으며, 소결 접합에 따른 불량률을 현저하게 줄이고, 소결성형층의 접합 강도를 향상시켜 미끄럼베어링의 품질을 획기적으로 향상시키는 효과와 함께, 내충격성과 고하중용의 미끄럼베어링을 생산할 수 있는 매우 유용한 효과가 있다.Therefore, since the non-graphite mixed metal powder and the graphite mixed metal powder are firmly sintered on the back of the metal plate, they are not separated from the impact during use, significantly reducing the defect rate due to the sintered joining, and improving the bonding strength of the sintered molding layer, thereby sliding bearings. Along with the effect of dramatically improving the quality of the, there is a very useful effect to produce a sliding bearing for impact resistance and high loads.

또한, 본 발명의 미끄럼베어링 제조방법은 구리 도금된 금속판이 사용되지 않으므로 미끄럼베어링의 제조공정을 획기적으로 간소화시키게 된다. 따라서, 미끄럼베어링의 생산량을 한층 증대시키고, 생산원가는 크게 절감하는 효과가 있다. 또한, 구리도금에 따른 대기 및 수질 오염문제와 작업 환경을 해결하는 매우 유용한효과가 있다.In addition, the sliding bearing manufacturing method of the present invention greatly simplifies the manufacturing process of the sliding bearing because the copper plated metal plate is not used. Therefore, the production amount of the sliding bearing is further increased, and the production cost is greatly reduced. In addition, there is a very useful effect to solve the air and water pollution problems and working environment due to copper plating.

더욱이, 본 발명에 따른 미끄럼베어링은 미끄럼이 이루어지는 소결성형층이 외측면으로 갈수록 높은 흑연 조성비율을 지니므로 미끄럼베어링의 윤활 성능이 가일층 향상되는 매우 유용한 효과도 있는 것이다.In addition, the sliding bearing according to the present invention has a very high graphite composition ratio as the sintered molding layer is made to slide toward the outer side surface, so that the lubrication performance of the sliding bearing is further improved.

Claims (4)

흑연, 구리, 철 등으로 이루어진 금속혼합분말을 금속판 이면에 도포한 후, 소결단계와 압연단계 등을 통하여 미끄럼베어링을 성형 생산하는 미끄럼베어링의 제조방법에 있어서,In the method of manufacturing a sliding bearing for applying a metal mixed powder made of graphite, copper, iron, etc. to the back of the metal plate, and forming the sliding bearing through the sintering step and rolling step, 상기 금속판(100)의 표면에 흑연이 포함되지 않은 비흑연혼합금속분말(200)을 도포하는 접합소재 도포단계와;Bonding material coating step of applying a non-graphite mixed metal powder (200) that does not contain graphite on the surface of the metal plate (100); 도포된 상기 비흑연혼합금속분말(200) 위에 흑연의 분포가 점진적으로 증가되도록 흑연혼합금속분말을 적층되게 도포하는 베어링소재 도포단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 미끄럼베어링의 제조방법.And a bearing material coating step of applying the graphite mixed metal powder to be laminated on the applied non-graphite mixed metal powder 200 so as to gradually increase the distribution of graphite. 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 접합소재 도포단계는 구리 10~40중량부, 니켈 5~20중량부, 나머지는 철로 조성되는 비흑연혼합금속분말(200)을 금속판(100)의 표면에 도포하는 것을 특징으로 하는 미끄럼베어링의 제조방법.The method of claim 1, wherein the bonding material coating step is to apply a non-graphite mixed metal powder 200, which is composed of 10 to 40 parts by weight of copper, 5 to 20 parts by weight of nickel, and the rest is made of iron, to the surface of the metal plate 100. Method for producing a sliding bearing characterized in that. 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 베어링소재 도포단계는 도포된 비흑연혼합금속분말(200) 위에 흑연 0.1~4중량부를 포함한 저흑연혼합금속분말(210)을 도포하는 저흑연혼합금속분말 도포단계와;The method of claim 1, wherein the bearing material applying step comprises: applying a low graphite mixed metal powder (210) including 0.1-4 parts by weight of graphite on the applied non-graphite mixed metal powder (200); 도포된 저흑연혼합금속분말(210) 위에 흑연 4~7중량부를 포함한 고흑연혼합금속분말(220)을 도포하는 고흑연혼합금속분말 도포단계로 이루어진 것을 특징으로하는 미끄럼베어링의 제조방법.Method for producing a sliding bearing, characterized in that consisting of a high graphite mixed metal powder coating step of applying a high graphite mixed metal powder 220 including 4 to 7 parts by weight of graphite on the low graphite mixed metal powder 210 applied. 흑연, 구리, 철 등으로 이루어진 금속혼합분말을 압연 및 소결하여 금속이면에 소결성형층을 형성한 미끄럼베어링에 있어서,In a sliding bearing in which a sintered molding layer is formed on a metal surface by rolling and sintering a metal mixed powder made of graphite, copper, iron, or the like, 상기 금속판(100) 이면의 표면에서 멀어질수록 점진적으로 흑연의 함유량이 증가되도록 미끄럼베어링(400)의 소결성형층(300)을 성형한 것을 특징으로 하는 미끄럼베어링.Sliding bearing, characterized in that the sintered forming layer 300 of the sliding bearing 400 is formed so that the content of the graphite gradually increases as the distance away from the surface of the back of the metal plate 100.
KR10-2003-0032594A 2003-05-22 2003-05-22 Manufacturing Method for a sliding bearing and its product thereof KR100496655B1 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7942581B2 (en) 2006-08-02 2011-05-17 Miba Gleitlager Gmbh Anti-friction layer for a bearing element

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7942581B2 (en) 2006-08-02 2011-05-17 Miba Gleitlager Gmbh Anti-friction layer for a bearing element

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