KR20040097534A - Fixing device for tool holder of main axis with machine for construction - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A tool holder fixing device for a machine tool is provided to prevent the deterioration of precision by firmly fixing a tool holder to a spindle and preventing pressure from being applied to the spindle excessively during the separation of the tool holder. CONSTITUTION: In a tool holder fixing device for a machine tool, a collet guide housing(700) is fit into the bottom of a through hole(140) formed in a main body(110) of a spindle(100), and has a slant fixing protrusion at the bottom. A collet(600) is divided into a plurality of parts, and is coupled to the inside of the collet guide housing. The lower part of a draw bar(200) is disposed at the inside of the collet. A fixing protrusion(610) is formed at the top of the collet. A support protrusion(250) is formed at the bottom of the draw bar. An inner slant surface and an outer slant surface are formed at the inner and outer surfaces of the fixing protrusion. A slant surface is formed at the support protrusion of the draw bar.

Description

Fixing device for tool holder of main axis with machine for construction}

The present invention relates to a tool holder fixing device for a machine tool for mounting and mounting a tool necessary for a lower end of a spindle installed in a machine tool such as a machining center. In particular, even if the holding force of the compression spring is relatively weak to fix the tool holder, It ensures that the holder can be firmly coupled and prevents excessive force from being applied to the spindle when the tool holder is removed so that it does not interfere with the accuracy of the device.

In general, a machine tool such as a machining center performs various operations such as drilling, end mill, and tapping. In this case, a tool holder equipped with a tool corresponding to the lower end of the main shaft is replaced and used.

As a means for coupling and fixing the tool holder equipped with the necessary tool at the lower end of the main shaft of the machine tool, the tool holder is fixed by inserting the tool holder at the lower end of the main shaft and then raising the draw bar to compress the collet composed of a plurality of parts. To do this, the draw bar is lowered to extend the collet inserted into the lower end of the spindle so that the tool holder is separated.

The configuration of the main shaft is configured as in Figures 10 and 11 and will be described in detail the operation of the configuration.

The drawbar 40 which is lifted and lowered by the piston rod 20 and the compression spring 30 is installed on the inner surface of the main shaft 10, but the fingerboard plate 41 is fixedly installed on the top of the drawbar 40. 41) the lower side of the compression spring (30) and the piston rod 20 is in contact with the upper, the lower end of the compression spring (30) is located on the support plate 42, so that the draw bar (40) the compression spring By the force of force of 30, it is always configured to be upwardly upward.

The lower end of the draw bar 40 located in the main shaft 10 is configured to couple the collet connector 43, the lower end of the collet connector 43 is connected to the collet 50 consisting of a locking jaw 51 on the inner side, The outward protrusion 52 is formed on the outer surface of the collet 50, and the outward protrusion 52 is selectively positioned at the step 11 formed at the lower end of the main shaft, and the collet 50 is compressed or stretched.

At this time, the lower end of the main shaft 10 is configured to be inserted into the insertion portion 12, the tool holder 60 is inserted, the tool holder 60 is selectively fitted to the insertion portion 12 to secure the coupling, the tool holder 60 The upper end is configured to engage the engaging projection 51 of the collet 50 by configuring the engaging projection (61).

Referring to the fixing means of the tool holder using the tool holder fixing device of the configuration described above, when the draw bar 40 is lowered by lowering the piston rod 20, the draw bar 40 is compressed while the compression spring 30 is compressed. It is lowered, and thus the collet connector 43 coupled to the lower portion is lowered so that the lower outward protrusion 52 of the collet 50 is positioned in the opening 14, and the collet 50 is expanded as shown in FIG. 10.

As shown in the above, when the collet 50 is inserted into the tip of the tool holder 60 in which the tool is mounted in the insertion part 12 formed at the lower end of the main shaft 10 in the expanded state, the tool holder ( The tip of 60 is coupled to the insert 12.

As described above, when the piston rod 20 holding the upper finger plate 41 of the draw bar 40 is raised to its original position, the compressed spring 30 is elastically installed between the finger plate 41 and the support plate 42. As a result, the draw bar 40 is raised, and thus the collet connector 43 and the collet 50 are raised.

When the collet 50 rises, the outward protrusion 52 formed at the bottom of the outer circumferential surface of the collet 50 is compressed by the step 11 so that the engaging jaw 51 comes into contact with the engaging protrusion 61 of the tool holder 60. Therefore, the tool holder 60 is fixed by the collet 50 in a state of being fitted to the insertion portion 12.

The means for fixing the tool holder 60 in the above is to couple and fix the tool holder 60 by compression by the rise of the collet 50, the rise of the collet 50 is the compression spring 30 is the fingerboard plate 41 This is because the draw bar 40 is raised by the force striking).

Therefore, in order to maintain the coupled tool holder 60 coupled to the collet 50, the collet 50 and the pull action by the self-weight and external factors of the tool holder 60 or the tool holder 60 are mounted. The draw bar 40 should not be lowered, and in order to prevent the draw bar 40 from being lowered by an external factor, the compressive strength of the compression spring 30 located between the fingerboard plate 41 and the support plate 42 is increased accordingly. It must be strong.

As described above, when the compressive strength of the compression spring 30 is strengthened to prevent the drawbar 40 from falling, compression is performed when the drawbar 40 is lowered through the piston rod 20 to replace the tool after the work is completed. Since a cylinder of a strong force enough to compress the spring 30 is required, there is a problem that a lot of power is consumed.

In addition, when pressing the draw bar 40 to the cylinder of the force stronger than the spring force of the compression spring 30 in order to press the strong elastic force of the compression spring (30) and lower the draw bar (40) Excessive force is applied to the various coupling parts, and excessive force is applied to the various coupling parts, and thus there is a problem such as being an obstacle to maintaining the accuracy of the device.

The present invention makes it possible to firmly mount the tool holder even with a spring having a relatively weak compression force at the lower end of the main shaft of a machine tool such as a machining center, and at the same time unreasonable force on the main shaft when the tool holder is removed. It is not to be impeded to maintain the accuracy of the device by being applied.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention constitutes a draw bar which is elevated by a piston rod and a compression spring in the main shaft, and a collet composed of a plurality of divided parts is inserted in the bottom of the draw bar, so that a tool holder is coupled or separated at an insertion part formed at the bottom of the main shaft. In constructing a tool holder fixing device for a machine tool, a collet guide housing and a draw bar guide are installed at a lower end of a through hole formed on an inner surface of a main shaft, and a collet is positioned in the collet guide housing, and a draw is formed on the inner surface of the collet. The lower end of the bar is positioned, the support protrusions and protrusions are formed at the bottom of the draw bar, and the locking protrusions formed with the inner and outer inclined surfaces are formed at the upper end of the collet, and the engaging jaw is coupled with the engaging portion of the tool holder at the lower inner side. To be formed, the inclined locking jaw is configured on the inner surface of the collet guide housing As the tool holder is coupled to the bottom of the insertion portion spindle standing when the draw bar rises kolraet will also rise together.

Therefore, when the collet is raised, the lower part of the collet is compressed and the tool holder is coupled and the upper part is supported by the draw bar and the collet guide housing. Therefore, the compression spring holding the draw bar is able to support the draw bar even with a small grip force. .

1 is a cross-sectional view of the device of the present invention, in which the tool holder is separated.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the device of the present invention, a tool holder coupled state

3 is a main configuration diagram of the present invention, a state in which the tool holder is separated

4 is a main configuration diagram of the present invention, in which the tool holder is fitted to the lower end of the collet.

5 is a state in which the draw bar is slightly raised in the state of FIG.

6 is a main configuration diagram of the present invention, a state in which the tool holder is fully fixed to the collet

7 is a cross-sectional view of the collet guide housing used in the device of the present invention

8 is a cross-sectional view of the collet used in the present invention device

9 is a configuration diagram of the lower part of the draw bar used in the apparatus of the present invention

10 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional main shaft

11 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional main shaft

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

(100)-Spindle (110)-Spindle Body

(120)-Insertion (140)-Through Hole

(141)-Jut (200)-Draw Bar

(210)-Compression Spring (220)-Cartridge

(230)-Draw bar guide (250)-support protrusion

(251)-Inclined Surface (252)-Introduction

(260)-Extrusion (261)-Indentation

(300)-piston (310)-pin

(320)-Sleep (600)-Collat

(610)-Jagged Projection (611)-Internal Slope

(612)-External Slope (620)-Abutment

(621)-First Indent (630)-Jump

(631)-Second Indent (640)-Jaw Jaw

(641)-Third Indent (650)-Pressure

(700)-collet guide housing (710)-inclined jaw

(800)-toolholder (810)-hanger

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The present invention relates to a tool holder fixing device for drilling, end milling, tapping, etc. by mounting a tool on the lower end of a main shaft of a machine tool such as a machining center, Figures 1 and 2 of the main shaft 100 installed in the machine tool 3 to 6 is a cross-sectional configuration of the main portion of the operating state of the present invention.

The main shaft 100 is inserted into the draw bar 200 in the main shaft body 110 to be elevated, the lower end of the main shaft body 110 has an insertion portion 120 is configured, the upper end of the draw bar 200 piston ( 300 is located, the piston 300 is connected to the elevating body 320 is fitted to the elevating the outer surface of the main shaft body 110 through the pin 310, the elevating body 320 is a cylinder (not shown) Or it is connected to the link so that the lifting body 320 is elevated by a certain distance, the compression spring 210 is located on the outer surface of the draw bar 200 located in the main shaft body 110, but the upper end of the compression spring 210 is a piston 300 is in contact with the fingerboard plate 220 located at the bottom, the bottom is configured to contact the support plate 240 placed in the draw bar guide 230, when the piston 300 is lowered draw bar 200 is a compression spring While compressing (210) and descending and the piston (300) rises the compression spring ( The draw bar 200 is configured to ascend by the elastic force of 210.

The above configuration is the configuration of the main shaft that is commonly used, or the technical configuration to be provided in the present invention as shown in Figures 7 to 9, the bottom of the draw bar 200, and the collet in contact with the bottom of the draw bar 200 It is a configuration of the 600 and the collet guide housing 700.

That is, the lower end of the collet guide housing 700 is inserted into the stepped portion 141 of the through hole 140 drilled into the inner surface of the spindle body 110 under the draw bar guide 230 inserted into the inner surface through hole 140 of the spindle body 110. To be fixed, the inclined engaging jaw 710 is configured at the upper end of the collet guide housing 700.

The collet guide housing 700 is fitted with four collet 600 vertically divided into the inner surface, the lower portion of the draw bar 200 is fitted to the inner surface of the collet 600, the configuration of the collet 600 is as follows.

That is, the locking protrusion 610 is configured at the upper end of the collet 600, and the inner protrusion surface 611 is configured on the inner surface of the locking protrusion 610, and the outer slope surface 612 is configured on the outer surface thereof.

The first concave portion 621 is formed between the locking protrusion 610 and the supporting protrusion 620 while the supporting protrusion 620 and the locking protrusion 630 protrude in turn. The second recessed part 631 is formed between the support protrusion 620 and the locking protrusion 630.

The third projections 641 are configured between the locking projections 630 and the locking projections 640 by forming the locking projections 640 at the lower end of the locking projections 630, that is, the lower surface of the inner surface of the collet 600. The bottom surface of the collet 600 has a pressing protrusion 650.

On the outer peripheral surface of the lower end of the draw bar 200 located on the inner surface of the collet 600 of the above configuration, the support protrusion 250 and the protrusion protrusion 260 and the inclined surface 251 are formed, but the support protrusion 250 and the protrusion piece The concave portion 261 is formed between the 260 and the upper concave portion 252 is formed above the support protrusion 250.

Reference numeral 800 is a tool holder, 810 is a locking portion, 820 is a bearing, 830 is a piston rod, 840 is a spring.

According to the present invention configured as described above, the tool necessary for the main body 110 and the lower insertion part 120 of the main shaft 100 is fitted with a tool holder 800 assembled therein, and then the drill, end mill, and the step are performed. In the present invention, even though the holding force of the compression spring 210 is relatively weak, a firm coupling of the tool holder 800 can be achieved and the holding force of the compression spring 210 is weak when the tool holder 800 is replaced. Therefore, the draw bar 200 can be lowered while compressing the compression spring 210 even with a small force of the piston 300.

Combination and separation of the tool holder 800 using the device of the present invention is made as follows.

That is, as shown in FIG. 1, when the piston bar configured at the upper end of the main body 110 is lowered and the draw bar 200 is moved downward by the lowering distance of the piston rod 300, the main body 110 of the main shaft 100 is lowered. The collet 600 coupled to the moving protrusion as shown in FIG. 3 is also located at the bottom of the collet 600 at the bottom of the collet 600, which is positioned at the bottom of the collet guide housing 700, and thus, the lower end of the collet 600. Is expanded to maintain a state that the tool holder 800 can be fitted.

In the above state, as shown in FIG. 4, when the tool holder 800 is inserted into the lower insertion part 120 of the main body 110 of the main shaft 100, the upper end of the tool holder 800 comes into contact with the bottom of the draw bar 200.

When removing the external force that lowered the piston 300 in the above state, the piston 300 is raised to its original position, and at the same time the draw bar 200 is raised by the compression spring 210 while gradually rising as shown in FIG. do.

In the state of FIG. 5, when the compression spring 210 is more restrained to raise the draw bar 200 to the maximum, the draw bar 200 is fully raised as shown in FIG. 6, and thus the collet 600 is also raised together to collet. It is positioned in the guide housing 700.

At the same time, the locking portion 810 of the tool holder 800 is fixed to the locking jaw 650 of the collet 600, wherein the upper locking protrusion 610 of the collet 600 is inclined hook of the collet guide housing 700 Since the position is fixed while being supported by the support protrusions 250 of the jaw 710 and the draw bar 200, the draw bar 200 is maintained without falling even in a small holding force of the compression spring 210.

In the above, the action of maintaining the position in the draw bar 200 is raised even in a small holding force of the compression spring 210 is as follows.

That is, the tool holder 800 coupled to the collet 600 has a force to fall down due to its own weight and external force during operation, and the drop bar 200 is supported by the draw bar 200 and draw bar 200. ) Is maintained by the grip force of the compression spring 210.

Therefore, the drawbar 200 is maintained in the conventional position simply depending on the holding force of the compression spring 210, but in the present invention, the inclined locking jaw of the support protrusion 250 and the collet guide housing 700 of the drawbar 200 Because the position is held by the 710 is maintained, a lot of force does not act on the compression spring 210 holding the draw bar 200.

In other words, the collet guide housing 700 supporting the outer surface of the collet 600 is inserted into the inner surface through hole 140 of the main body 110 of the main shaft 100, and thus the position is fixed by the step 141. Even if a lot of load is added to the 700, it is possible to sufficiently support it, so that the external inclined surface 612 configured at the upper end protrusion 610 of the collet 600 is inclined to the engaging jaw 710 of the collet guide housing 700. Since the hanging is supported, the props are made without difficulty even in the load and external force of the tool holder 800.

At the same time, the internal inclined surface 611 formed on the engaging protrusion 610 of the collet 600 is in contact with the inclined surface 251 formed on the support protrusion 250 of the draw bar 200, and the draw bar 200 The force mainly applied to the support protrusion 250 of the collet 600 is divided into a plurality of force than the collet 600 is configured to move inwardly the force to move inwardly the draw bar (200) so that the tool holder ( The load or external force of the 800) will be insignificant.

As described above, the load of the tool holder 800 or the pulling load acting on the tool holder 800 from the outside is transmitted to the collet 600, and most of the load transmitted to the collet 600 is the outer surface of the collet 600. The collet guide housing 700 is located therein to support it, and the draw bar 200 has only the force and partial load of the collet 600 moving inward.

Therefore, the compression spring 210 supporting the draw bar 200 has no problem even if its holding force is weaker than the conventional compression spring.

As described above, when the tool holder 800 is to be detached after the work is completed in the state in which the tool holder 800 is mounted on the lower end of the main shaft 100, the tool holder 800 is as follows.

That is, as shown in FIG. 2, when the piston 300 is lowered in the coupled state of the tool holder 800, the draw bar 200 is also lowered while compressing the compression spring 210.

As described above, when the draw bar 200 is lowered and the support protrusion 250 is separated from the locking protrusion 610 of the collet 600 and positioned at the first recessed part 621, the collet 600 is expanded. The upper end is slightly contracted inwardly, so that the protruding piece 260 of the draw bar 200 is located at the second recessed part 631 of the collet 600 while being in contact with the engaging protrusion 630 of the collet 600. do.

When the draw bar 200 continues to descend in the above state, the collet 600 moves downward while the collapsing protrusion 650 configured to protrude to the bottom of the collet 600 is completely separated from the collet guide housing 700 to collet 600. ) The lower part is expanded.

Therefore, after separating the tool holder 800 to the lower end of the main shaft 100, it is possible to combine and use other tools required.

As described above, the present invention allows the collet that couples the tool holder to be simultaneously supported by the inclined latching jaw of the collet guide housing and the support protrusion of the draw bar, so that the elastic force of the compression spring is relatively weak. It is possible to maintain the rigidity of the tool holder as well as to maintain the tight coupling of the bar. In addition, the compression spring of the compression spring is weak when the draw bar is lowered to replace the tool holder. Even if the power of the link is small, it can be lowered sufficiently, and even if the lowering pressure of the piston is small, the draw bar is easily lowered as the compression spring is compressed, so that the main shaft is prevented from applying excessive force to the bearings or various coupling parts supporting the main shaft. Does not interfere with maintaining accuracy Is that the effect of such.

Claims (2)

The drawbar can be raised and lowered in the through hole formed in the main shaft of a machine tool such as a machining center, and then lowered by a piston and raised by a compression spring. In constructing a conventional tool holder fixing device to be coupled to or separated from the insertion portion, the collet guide housing formed with the inclined locking jaw 710 at the bottom of the through hole 140 formed in the main body 110 of the main shaft 100 ( 700 is fitted to the coupling, the collet 600 is configured to combine a plurality of splits in the collet guide housing 700, the lower end of the draw bar 200 in the collet 600, the collet 600 The tool holder fixing cabinet of the main shaft installed in the working machine, characterized in that the upper end of the engaging protrusion 610, the draw bar 200, the support protrusion 250 is configured to protrude . The method of claim 1, wherein the inner and outer inclined surface 611 and the outer inclined surface 612 is formed on the inner and outer surfaces of the engaging protrusion 610 of the collet 600, the inclined surface (25) on the support protrusion 250 formed in the draw bar 200 251), characterized in that the tool holder holding device of the spindle mounted to the machine tool.