KR20040090194A - Electric supply automation system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: An electric supply automation system is provided to collect data on a distribution line operation through an on-line system, and monitor a transformer operation in a real time basis. CONSTITUTION: An electric supply automation system comprises a secondary load monitoring system of a transformer(100); a power line communication unit for communication with the device electrically connected to the secondary side of the transformer; a plurality of electric supply automation terminals(300) including a radio data communication unit for communication with the adjacent terminal; and an electric power supply management system(400) for storing, operating, and processing the data transmitted from the electric supply automation terminals, and controlling operation of the devices connected to the electric supply automation terminals. Each of the electric supply automation terminals performs a LAN data communication with the adjacent electric supply automation terminal, such that data are relay transmitted through each of the electric supply automation terminals.

Description

Electricity supply automation system

The present invention relates to a multi-functional distribution automation system that comprehensively implements an independent system such as grasping a fault section of a distribution line, remotely monitoring remote control of a line breaker, transformer management, and remote meter reading of a meter installed in a customer. .

(One). Distribution line operation

When a line accident occurs in the current distribution line operation, a large fault current flows. At this time, the occurrence of an accident is recognized by a monitoring relay of a line breaker or substation.

Considering the magnitude of the fault current as a method of handling the fault, it detects the operation status by each leaker and predicts the occurrence of the accident.Then, the circuit breakers are sequentially input to each section to check the occurrence of the accident by the presence of an error. .

In addition, when the fault section is identified, it is necessary to find the place of the accident in order to identify the cause of the accident and recover from the failure.

However, there are many cases where the cause of the trouble and the instantaneous recovery of faults cannot be identified even if there is no witness report.

(2). Distribution Automation

The current distribution automation range is the remote monitoring control of the distribution system. Mainly monitoring the trip (TRIP) of the line breaker, estimating the accident point, and remotely switching the line breaker to operate the power outage range (instantaneous range for the detection of the accident point). It is about to shrink.

(3). Remote management of transformer

Important items to be managed in transformers can be called load management, temperature management, voltage management, and load unbalance management. The maintenance of the transformer has been carried out on a regular basis, and only recently, alarms or infrared temperature checkers are used in parallel.

(2). Remote meter reading

The meter reading is conducted on electricity, water, heavy water, hot water, gas, and waste water. In the case of dual electricity, a remote meter reading system using a wireless mobile communication network such as CDMA and PCS has been developed, and remote meter reading for high pressure water is partially implemented. .

In addition, in case of low pressure water, various methods of remote meter reading system using RF communication, telephone line, wired / wireless internet, etc. have been developed and presented, but this has not been expanded due to the cost of constructing communication infrastructure and communication fee. .

In addition to the electrical field, other remote meter readings can only be implemented if economic and construction problems are addressed first.

As described above, in the related art, monitoring data of distribution load and meter reading data of each consumer are acquired, and the collected data can be collected remotely through a predetermined wireless mobile communication network and wired / wireless internet, etc. There are many difficulties in the practical application such as the cost incurred in the construction of telecommunication line.

The present invention is to propose a distribution automation system that can be easily applied to the current system in consideration of the current system supplied power from the substation, the transformer secondary voltage, current data in units of the periphery (transformer installed transformer) unit It also collects meter data from each customer and applies the wireless communication relay method between neighboring neighbors so that the data can be collected and processed in the remote distribution management system. It is to provide a distribution automation system that expands its scope.

In addition, according to the present invention, by detecting the direction of the current flowing in the neutral wire, it is possible to detect the exact position of the accident line.

1 is a view schematically showing the configuration of the power distribution automation system of the present invention.

2 is a view showing a state configuration in which a distribution automation terminal is installed in a telephone pole (displacement column) in the distribution automation system of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a block diagram showing a detailed configuration of a distribution automation terminal applied to the present invention.

4 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration of a PC interface in the present invention.

5 is an equivalent circuit diagram for explaining a process of detecting a track accident point in the present invention.

6 is a diagram showing an example of the voltage polarity of the image current transformer Z-CT installed in the neutral line N in the present invention.

7 to 11 are diagrams illustrating accident points for each case illustrated in FIG. 6.

The present invention is installed on each spool, the control of the device through power line communication (PLC) with the monitoring of the transformer secondary load and the electricity meter, control device, load switch and the like electrically connected to the transformer secondary side And acquiring electricity meter reading data or monitoring data of the corresponding device, and relaying and transmitting the control signal processing and relay of the distribution management system through the short-range wireless data communication, and transmitting the acquired data from the other distribution automation terminal received and transmitted. Control of devices with electrical connection with distribution automation terminal, secondary distribution automation terminal of transformer and corresponding data obtained from power line communication or monitoring data of distribution load provided from distribution automation terminal installed on each side of the transformer Distribution pipe that stores, analyzes, and processes monitoring data and meter reading data of devices It is configured, including the system,

The identification information is assigned to the distribution automation terminals installed in each of the periphery lines, and the communication target information for the short-range wireless data communication target is set for each distribution automation terminal to meet the requirements of the distribution management system. Alternatively, data can be relayed sequentially according to the distribution target automation terminal set when the event occurs according to the monitoring result, and data of each distribution automation terminal can be collected or the control signal of the distribution management system can be relayed to the final distribution management system. It is characterized in that it is configured to be.

The distribution automation terminal is a PLC modem for performing power line communication with an identification information setting unit for setting its own identification information for identifying the terminal and upper and lower terminal identification information to be communicated with, and a device connected to the power line. And a voltage detecting means for detecting respective phase voltages of the secondary side of the transformer, a current detecting means for detecting current of each phase of the secondary side of the transformer, short-range wireless data communication means for performing short-range wireless communication, and acquiring. A control unit which performs short-range wireless data communication with a corresponding distribution automation terminal or a distribution management system through a short-range wireless data communication means according to the identification information set in the storage, processing and identification information setting unit, and transmits and controls the corresponding data. To charge the battery by supplying the battery and the secondary voltage of the transformer. It characterized by configured to include a power control unit for switching ring to allow for operation of the device.

Referring to the embodiment of the present invention distribution automation system having such a feature with reference to the accompanying drawings as follows.

The secondary load monitoring means of the transformer 100, a data communication means with the corresponding device having an electrical connection, and a short-range wireless data communication means with the adjacent terminal and comprises a plurality of installed in each stool 200 Distribution management system for storing, calculating, and processing the data transmitted from the distribution automation terminal 300 of the distribution automation terminal 300 and controls the devices connected to the distribution automation terminal 300 ( 400),

In response to the occurrence of an event or the request of the distribution management system 400, the distribution automation terminal 300 installed in each stool 200 sequentially communicates with the adjacent distribution automation terminal 300 in short-range wireless data, thereby automating each distribution. The control signal of the distribution management system 400 and the monitoring data acquired from the distribution automation terminal 300 are relayed while passing through the terminal 300.

The secondary phase (A, B, C) voltage of the secondary side of the transformer 100 is supplied to the distribution automation terminal 300 by the secondary load monitoring means, and each phase (A, B, C) of the transformer 100. Current transformer CT for detecting current, image transformer Z-CT installed on a common neutral line to detect the position of the line fault section, and a temperature sensor for sensing the temperature of the transformer 100 ( 700).

The distribution automation terminal 300 includes an identification information setting unit 301 which sets its own identification information (ID) for identifying the terminal and upper and lower terminal identification information (ID) to communicate with, and a power line; PLC modem unit 302 which performs power line communication with the connected device, voltages of phase A, B, and C of the secondary side of the transformer 100, the current transformer CT, and the image current transformer Z-CT Input and output interface unit 303 for receiving the current value detected from the and the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor 700 in the transformer 100 is supplied to the control unit 305 and outputs a control signal of the control unit 305, RF according to the identification information set in the RF communication module 304 for performing short-range wireless communication with the adjacent communication target terminal or the power distribution management system 400 and the storage, processing and identification information setting unit 301 of the acquired data. Distribution automation terminal 300 or the distribution management system corresponding to the communication The controller 400 performs short-range wireless data communication with the system 400 to control transmission of the corresponding data, the battery 306, and the secondary voltage of the transformer 100 are supplied to charge the battery 306, and in case of an emergency. And a power switching controller 307 for switching the power of the battery 306 to enable the operation of the terminal.

The RF communication module 304 is for communicating with the first distribution communication terminal 300A for the upper distribution automation terminal 300 or the distribution management system 400 and the lower distribution automation terminal 300 for communication. First communication channel section 304C for setting the communication channel of the second RF communication section 304B, the first RF communication section 304A, and second communication channel section 304D for setting the communication channel of the second RF communication section 304B. It is configured to include.

And the power distribution management system 400,

RF module 411 for performing RF wireless data communication with the distribution automation terminal 300 and outputting and distributing control signals transmitted from the control PC 420 by controlling wireless data communication through the RF module 411. A control unit 412 for controlling the output of the data received from the automation terminal 300 to the control PC 420, an input / output interface (RS232C) 413 for serial data communication with the control PC 420, A PC interface 410 including a power supply unit 414,

A serial connection is connected to the PC interface 410 to store and calculate data transmitted from the distribution automation terminal 300, and to the apparatus having an electrical connection with the distribution automation terminal 300 and the distribution automation terminal. And a control PC 420 on which a control program for generating a control signal is mounted.

Reference numeral 500 denotes a line breaker, 501 a control panel for controlling a line breaker, 600 is a transformer cut-out switch (COS), and an extra high voltage (EHV) is a high voltage line.

The present invention having such a configuration is to deliver data through short-range wireless RF data communication between power distribution automation terminals installed in each stool, these power distribution automation terminals sequentially to the upper power distribution management system side or lower power distribution automation terminal In relaying data to the side,

The distribution automation terminal has the function to detect the temperature of the transformer, the load current of each phase, the voltage, and the fault ground current of the line, in part or in total, and various controllers (controllers), load switches, and electricity meters installed in the secondary transformer. By performing power line communication (PLC) with a device such as the above, it is possible to acquire the desired data or to control the corresponding device remotely.

The operation of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, as shown in FIG. 1, a distribution automation terminal 300 is installed for each of the periphery 200 in which the transformer 100 is installed.

The distribution automation terminal 300 is suitable to be installed near the low voltage line of the stool column 200, and the RF is installed in the visible direction with the upper or lower distribution automation terminal 300 as much as possible for the communication reliability. The data wireless communication environment may be improved, and an antenna may be installed at an upper side of the stool column 200 to improve the RF data communication environment.

As shown in FIG. 3, the distribution automation terminal 300 is configured with an RF communication module 304, and the RF communication module 304 is a first RF for RF communication with an upper or lower distribution automation terminal 300. The communication unit 304A and the second RF communication unit 304B are configured.

That is, as shown in the figure, the distribution automation terminal 300 at the position of 'd' is the upper position 'c' distribution automation terminal 300 or the position distribution automation terminal 300 of the 'e' and the RF Perform wireless data communication.

Therefore, the data of the position distribution automation terminal 300 of 'd' is relayed to d → c → b → a → distribution management system 400.

Here, the distribution automation terminal 300 has its own unique ID and the IDs of the upper and lower distribution automation terminals 300 one by one, and may have one or more as necessary.

Such ID is set in the identification information setting unit 301, and the unique ID and the communication target identification information ID can be set or changed remotely in the setting or distribution management system 400 in the field.

In addition, the distribution automation terminal 300 is configured with a PLC modem unit 302, and is electrically connected to the secondary side of the transformer 100, through a power line communication with various controllers including a PLC modem, load switch, power meter, etc. Can receive control and current status data.

In other words, when the PLC communication with the electricity meter is performed, remote meter reading is possible.

In addition, the distribution automation terminal 300 basically stores a specified voltage, and transformer information such as capacity (rated current) and allowable temperature value of the transformer 100 managed by the power distribution terminal is set in the controller 305. .

As such, the regulated voltage and transformer information set in the control unit 305 are set by input at the site at the time of installation or remotely set by the power distribution management system 400.

From such transformer information, a problem occurs with respect to each of the phase voltages and current values of the secondary side of the transformer 100 to determine an event to be informed.

The contents of the data for event generation include the terminal self-monitoring items such as voltage deviation or no-voltage (0V), specified rated load current over, temperature over, fault ground fault current, or operation of the line breaker 500 through the PLC. It can be represented as a control operation.

Then, the data transmission process in the distribution automation terminal 300 in the present invention will be described.

(a). When an event occurs

The first RF communication unit 304A is switched to the transmission mode to transmit the stored data including the ID of the upper terminal and its own ID to the second RF communication unit 304B of the upper distribution automation terminal 300.

At this time, the RF communication module 304 is immediately switched to the reception standby state when the communication is terminated.

(b). When control signal is received from higher level terminal

It is determined whether the ID of the upper terminal and the control target ID included in the received signal are the same as the upper terminal ID and the own ID of the higher terminal.

For example, in the case of the open / close control signal of the line breaker 500, the PLC modem unit 302 communicates with the line switch control panel 501 to transmit the corresponding control signal, and in the case of the transformer information resetting signal, the controller ( Correct the transformer information of 305).

If the ID of the upper terminal is correct but the control target ID does not match the ID of the upper terminal, the lower terminal includes its ID and the control target ID through the second RF communication unit 304B.

That is, in the power distribution management system 400, in transmitting the control signal, the control target ID is set and transmitted, and the own ID transmitted in the relaying process is transmitted, and thus, the terminal receiving the signal indicates that it is the communication target. In order to determine, the ID of the upper terminal is compared with the upper terminal ID set in the identification information setting unit 301. When it is determined that the signal is sent to the user, the control target ID is compared with its ID to determine whether it is a control target. If it is not the control object, the control signal is relayed to the lower terminal. In this case, the control signal ID and the control object ID of the relaying control signal are included in the control signal and transmitted.

(c). When a signal from a lower terminal is received

If the ID of the lower terminal and its ID match the ID of its lower terminal and its ID set in the identification number setting unit 301 and match, the transmission is relayed to the upper terminal, and if it does not match, it is ignored.

In this case, as in the above, in the case of transmitting to the upper terminal, its own ID and the ID of the upper terminal are included in the relay transmission so that the upper terminal can perform the data transmission process through the same process.

(d). If a self event occurs when communicating

Here, when a self event occurs during communication, the self event is first transmitted through the first RF communication unit 304A, and the data being received through the second RF communication unit 304B is temporarily stored, and then the first RF communication unit 304A is performed. After the transmission of) is completed, the stored data is transmitted through the first RF communication unit 304A.

Thereafter, in the terminal 300 for position distribution automation terminal 'a', the upper terminal identification information is set as the PC interface of the distribution management system 400, and data is transmitted to the distribution management system 400 through the above process. .

The PC interface 410 receives data from the RF module 411 and serially connects with the control PC to transmit the corresponding data, and the control PC 420 processes and stores these data and performs corresponding operations according to the loaded program. Do this.

Here, other wireless communication such as Bluetooth may be applied according to the situation (condition) instead of the RF communication.

* Track accident location detection method

The control PC 420 may detect a line accident occurrence position using data collected from each distribution automation terminal 300.

If a ground fault, lightning strike, interline, disconnection, or line load imbalance occurs, current flows through the common neutral line (N).

In the present invention, the position of the current flowing through the neutral line N, that is, the direction of the current flowing to the power supply side and the direction of the current flow to the load side, are used differently from the position where the accident occurs.

Referring to the equivalent circuit shown in Figure 5 as follows.

When the secondary voltage of the current transformer (Z-CT) installed in the neutral line (N) is measured, if the output voltage of the current transformer (Z-CT) on the power supply side is + V from the point of occurrence of a line accident, the current transformer (Z-CT) output on the load side The voltage is -V.

Therefore, if the distribution management system 400 determines the polarity of the secondary voltage of the current transformer (Z-CT) and finds the point where the polarity is changed, this part may be referred to as the occurrence position of the line accident.

As a practical example, if all the secondary voltage polarities of the current transformers (Z-CT) collected from each distribution automation terminal 300 are displayed on the control PC 420 monitor of the distribution management system 400, a line accident can be easily You can find the point, and it's much easier to find the positive and negative voltage data in different colors.

When a diode is used for the secondary output of the current transformer (Z-CT), the display of the positive voltage is displayed as + V and the display of the negative voltage is represented as 0. Can be.

It is also effective to use a half cycle (1 / 2HZ) output at which a fault current begins to occur.

Since it is common ground, the current of neutral wire (N) is detected in other lines, but even if it is weak current and the polarity (+/-) is partially changed, the polarity is changed all over the line by clearly distinguishing the power side and load side as in the accident point. What you do does not appear.

Since only positive (+/-) voltage polarity is important for locating the line accident in the present invention, it is advantageous that the image current transformer (Z-CT) is designed to be saturated with iron core core so that secondary voltage is not output excessively. Do.

6 is a diagram illustrating an example of voltage polarity of the image current transformer Z-CT installed in the neutral line N. FIG.

As described above, in case of ground fault or cross talk, an accident point can be detected by tracking the inflow direction of neutral current of a line operated by OCR (Over Current Relay) installed in a substation.

In the case of lightning accidents in machining N, one or several OCGRs (Over Current Ground Relays) in nearby substations (S / S; Sub Station) operate, so tracking the inflow direction of neutral current for each line can detect the lightning point.

In this case, the positive polarity display indicates a forward direction in which the fault current to OCGR is introduced, and the negative polarity indication indicates a direction in which the fault current is distributed along the common ground line N. FIG. That is, if the polarity of the image transformer (Z-CT) (the closest image transformer from the substation) at position '1' starts with (+), the (+) polarity is traced along the line and the next image transformer (Z) is located at the branch point. (CT) If there are two polarities (+) and (-), keep track to the (+) side and continue to the (+) side so that the end point of the (+) pole is the accident point.

In the diagram of FIG. 6, the fault current waveform is positive (+) 1/2 cycle. On the contrary, when the fault point is negative (−) 1/2 cycle, the polarity of the first current transformer (Z-CT) is (-). Begins.

7 to 11 are diagrams showing an accident point for each case.

In addition, near the occurrence point of the line failure, the measured voltage of the distribution automation terminal 300 can deviate from the specified voltage (220 V ± 13 V) due to a drop in the line voltage and an increase in the earth potential. Therefore, the distribution automation terminals 300 near the point of occurrence of the line failure will send a deviation signal warning event.

Therefore, the point of track failure becomes clearer.

Alternatively, in the case of a line currently operating distribution automation, the event of the distribution automation terminal 300 installed in the line breaker 500 or the substation 200 closest to the substation if the line breaker 500 or the relay of the substation was operated. If the polarity of the video current is analyzed and the output current is negative, only the terminal operated with the polarity (-) on all the distribution automation terminals 300 of the corresponding line is output on the monitor screen of the control PC 420. The end is the point of failure.

* High and low pressure mixed accident detection method

It is possible to remotely detect the communication terminal due to the loss of the distribution automation terminal.

In addition, the incident accident of the transformer 100 may be recognized as an occurrence of an event of a regulated voltage deviation (OV) when checking a regulated voltage of the distribution automation terminal 300.

In case of extending to low voltage remote meter reading by PLC communication, it is possible to remotely detect low voltage cable (including lead wire), spot accident, and meter burnout.

By applying the present invention as described above, it is possible to unify and online the data collection window related to the operation (operation) of the distribution line, and real-time remote monitoring of transformer management such as load current, voltage and temperature for each transformer.

It is possible to drastically reduce the power outage time due to the line failure since there is no need of line instantaneous for fault spot search.

When used in conjunction with a high-pressure remote metering system, load (demand) management can be carried out efficiently in real time.

When used in conjunction with a power meter using a PLC modem, remote meter reading is possible, and real-time detection of the incident after the second transformer can be performed without permission. Can be detected in real time to prevent power loss due to transformer damage and misuse.

Since the distance between the periphery is usually within the visible range, it is easy to apply short-range RF communication, it can be easily applied even where no communication infrastructure is established, long-distance communication is possible with low power consumption, and line accidents on the distribution line operation Recognition of occurrence, location of occurrence, operation state of switch and operation response of switch can be received in real time (up to 2 seconds), operation and confirmation of operation.

Therefore, it is possible to identify where the track accident occurred in real time.

The present invention can be extended to integrated meter reading and meteorological data collection or security disaster prevention services.

Claims (14)

The load monitoring means of the secondary side of the transformer, the power line communication (PLC) communication means with the corresponding device having an electrical connection with the secondary side of the transformer, and the short-range wireless data communication means with the adjacent terminal, It consists of a plurality of distribution automation terminals to be installed, and a distribution management system that stores, calculates, processes data transmitted from the distribution automation terminal, and controls the devices connected to the distribution automation terminal. Distribution automation terminal installed in each stool by the event occurrence or demand of distribution management system sequentially communicates data with adjacent distribution automation terminal in close proximity, so that data is relayed and transmitted through each distribution automation terminal system. 2. The secondary load monitoring means according to claim 1, wherein each secondary voltage of the transformer is supplied to a distribution automation terminal, and a current transformer for detecting each phase current of the transformer, and common for detecting the position of the line fault section. An electric power distribution automation system comprising a video current transformer installed on a neutral wire and a temperature sensor for sensing a temperature of a transformer. The power distribution automation terminal of claim 1, wherein the distribution automation terminal comprises: an identification information setting unit configured to set its own identification information (ID) for identifying the terminal and upper and lower terminal identification information (ID) to communicate with; PLC modem for performing power line communication with the connected device, input / output interface unit for supplying data detected from each monitoring means of the secondary side of the detected transformer to the control unit and outputting control signal of the control unit, adjacent communication target terminal or power distribution RF communication module for short-range wireless communication with management system, distribution automation terminal or power distribution management system and corresponding short-range communication system through RF communication according to the identification information set in the storage, processing and identification information setting unit of the acquired data Receives a control unit for transmitting and controlling data by performing wireless data communication, a battery, and a secondary voltage of a transformer. Oh, the power distribution automation system comprising a power switching control unit for charging the battery, switching to the power of the battery in an emergency to enable the operation of the terminal. 2. The distribution automation system according to claim 1, wherein the short range wireless communication means configures short range wireless communication means for each communication target, and communicates with a corresponding communication target through each short range wireless communication means. 5. The distribution automation system according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the short range wireless communication means is an RF wireless communication means. 5. The distribution automation system according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the short range wireless communication means is a Bluetooth wireless communication means. 4. The RF communication module of claim 3, wherein the RF communication module comprises: a first RF communication unit for communication with an upper terminal, a second RF communication unit for communication with a lower distribution automation terminal, and a first channel for setting a communication channel of the first RF communication unit; And a second communication channel unit configured to set a communication channel unit and a communication channel of the second RF communication unit. The distribution automation terminal according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the distribution automation terminal includes an ID of an upper terminal, which is a communication target, and its own ID (event generating terminal ID) when an event occurs in monitoring data. Transmitting to the terminal, When data is received from the upper level terminal, the terminal ID and the control target ID of the data included in the data are compared with the set communication target terminal ID and its own ID, and received from the upper target terminal along the normal path, and is controlled. Determining whether the terminal corresponds to the terminal and determining whether to perform the operation or relay transmission to the control signal according to the determination result, and if the signal is received according to the normal path and is not the terminal to be controlled, the ID and control of the terminal to the lower terminal. A data relay transmission process of including the target ID in the control signal data and outputting the same; When the data is received from the lower terminal, the process of comparing the terminal ID to receive the data contained in the data with its own ID to determine whether the signal is relayed and transmitted in the normal path, and the signal received through the normal path In this case, the distribution automation system having a control procedure of relaying transmission to the upper terminal by including the upper terminal ID to receive the data in the data as identification information for determining a normal path. 10. The method of claim 8, wherein during data communication with the upper terminal or the lower terminal, when an event occurs, the received data is switched to a standby mode, and the data related to the event is preferentially transmitted to the upper terminal. Distribution automation system. According to claim 1 or 2, wherein the distribution management system characterized in that the line fault location is determined from the flow direction of the current collected from the video current transformer installed in the common neutral line (N) of each distribution automation terminal. Distribution automation system. The power distribution automation system according to claim 10, wherein the power distribution management system determines that the point where the direction of the current flowing through the common neutral line (N) is changed is a line fault location. An identification information setting unit for setting its own identification information (ID) and communication target terminal identification information (ID) for identifying a terminal, a PLC modem for performing power line communication with a device connected to a power line, and a transformer A monitoring unit, an input / output interface unit for supplying data acquired from the monitoring unit to a control unit and outputting a control signal of the control unit, communication means for performing wireless data communication, and storing, processing and identification information setting unit of the acquired data. Charges the battery by receiving the control unit, the battery, and the secondary voltage of the transformer to transmit and control the data by performing wireless data communication with the corresponding distribution automation terminal or the distribution management system through communication according to the identification information set in FIG. It includes a power switching control unit for switching the power of the battery in an emergency to enable the operation of the terminal Distribution automation terminal, characterized in that. The method of claim 12, wherein the monitoring means is provided on a common neutral line for detecting the position of each phase voltage detection means of the secondary side of the transformer, the current transformer for detecting each phase current of the transformer, and the position of the line fault section. Distribution automation terminal, characterized in that it comprises a temperature sensor for sensing the temperature of the transformer. A terminal including a video current transformer for detecting the current flow of the common neutral line N and a transmission means for acquiring the data detected from the video current transformer and transmitting the data to a remote power distribution management system is installed at predetermined intervals and collected from each terminal. And a power distribution management system configured to determine a fault location of the line from the flow direction of the current flowing through the common neutral line (N) from the acquired data and the position information of the terminal.