KR20040072379A - Hybrid Type ASK Transceiver Using Non-Radiative Dielectric Waveguide And Rectangular Waveguide - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A hybrid type amplitude shift keying transceiver is provided to simplify the configuration of the transceiver and allow for ease of assembly, while reducing manufacturing costs. CONSTITUTION: A transmitter(100) and a receiver(200) which use the same frequency are arranged in a conductor housing(22). The signal transmitting path of the transmitter and the receiver is formed into a hybrid type using an NRD guide and a rectangular waveguide. The receiver connected to a receiver antenna(230) has a signal input waveguide(31), and the transmitter connected to a transmitter antenna(130) has a signal output waveguide(28). The signal input waveguide and the signal output waveguide are arranged to have polarization of 90 degrees.

Description

Hybrid Type ASK Transceiver Using Non-Radiative Dielectric Waveguide And Rectangular Waveguide}

The present invention relates to a millimeter wave transceiver, and more particularly, to a millimeter wave transceiver comprising a non-radial dielectric waveguide (hereinafter referred to as an 'NRD guide') and a rectangular waveguide.

Recently, efforts have been made to implement a transceiver in a microwave and millimeter wave range for high-speed broadband digital wireless communication. Wireless communication systems used in the microwave and millimeter wave bands have been mainly implemented using waveguides, but recently, with the development of semiconductor technology, a monolithic single called Microwave Monolithic Integrated Circuit (MMIC) It is being developed as a chip. Although a transceiver using a hybrid waveguide is disadvantageous in mass production and price, it is advantageous in case of small quantity production. However, attention is being paid to the manufacture of a transceiver using an NRD guide that is easier to implement and has a lower transmission loss than the hybrid waveguide.

The representative material of the NRD guide applied to the millimeter wave is Teflon. Teflon is mainly used as a transmission line due to its low hardness and low transmission loss in millimeter wave.

FIG. 1 shows a typical structure of an amplitude shift keying (ASK) transceiver (Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2001-0044420) using a conventional NRD guide. ASK is a method of expressing bits by changing the size of an outgoing signal in digital data transmission, which is less sensitive than Phase Shift Keying (PSK), but has the advantage of withstanding large laser line widths. to be. In the ASK transceiver, the oscillation signal generated by the gun diode (not shown) of the gun diode oscillator 2 is sent to the modulator 8 and the balanced mixer section 12. To this end, the power of the oscillation signal is distributed through the combiner 14, and the transmitter uses the primary circulator 4 as the carrier of the ASK modulator 8 and the receiver as the local oscillating wave. The signal modulated by the modulator 8 is transmitted to the antenna 10 through the secondary circulator 6.

The conventional ASK transceiver using the NRD guide uses a combiner 14 to distribute the signal power generated by one oscillator 2 to the transmitter and the receiver, and the transmitter uses the ASK signal power distributed through the combiner 14. The primary circulator 4 is used to transmit to the modulator 8 and the secondary circulator 6 is used to transfer the signal power modulated by the ASK modulator 8 to the antenna 10.

Couplers and circulators used in the millimeter wave must be precisely processed to deliver low power signal power. However, Teflon, a material of the NRD guide, has a weak hardness, which makes it difficult to precisely process it. Therefore, the NRD guide made of Teflon causes a great loss in the signal power transmission process, so it is difficult to apply for long distance communication.

In addition, the unstable signal power distributed by the combiner generally obtains the local oscillation wave of the receiver by using the filter, but the modulated signal carried by the oscillator of the transmitter is returned to the receiver, which acts as noise, affecting the received signal. . Therefore, the transmission modulation signal is mixed with the reception signal to generate an interference signal, and thus, the reception sensitivity is lowered as a whole.

In order to improve the above problems, the present invention is simple in structure, high in processability and assemblability, which is advantageous for mass production, and low in manufacturing cost, and high frequency use efficiency by using the same frequency of transmit / receive signal, transmit / receive sensitivity In order to improve the signal-to-noise ratio, it is an object of the present invention to provide a transceiver using a mixed NRD guide and a rectangular waveguide.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION A detailed description of embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which numerals designate corresponding parts in the drawings are as follows.

1 is a perspective view showing the structure of an ASK transceiver using a conventional NRD guide.

2 is a plan view showing the structure of an ASK transceiver using a conventional NRD guide.

3 and 4 are a perspective view and a plan view showing the overall structure of the millimeter wave ASK transceiver using the NRD guide and the rectangular waveguide according to the present invention, respectively.

5 is a perspective view for explaining the back of the ASK transceiver according to the present invention.

6 is a plan view illustrating the structure of a transmitter cover and a receiver cover of an ASK transceiver according to the present invention.

7 is a cut away perspective view of a local oscillator including a gun diode mount equipped with a gun diode, a metal rod resonator, and a spherical waveguide back shot.

FIG. 8 is a cutaway perspective view illustrating the structure of an ASK modulator including a Schottky Diode Mount for ASK modulation.

9 is a perspective view for explaining a separation distance between the local oscillation unit and the ASK modulator.

FIG. 10 is a cutaway perspective view illustrating a structure of a rectifier detection unit including a schottky diode mount for rectification detection.

11A and 11B are perspective views illustrating a structure of a low noise amplifier section mounted on a receiver of an ASK transceiver, and a structure of a spherical waveguide part that can replace the same.

12 is a perspective view illustrating a transition portion connecting an NRD guide and a spherical waveguide.

Figure 13 is a block diagram of a two-way wireless communication system consisting of two transceivers to explain the operation of the transceiver according to the present invention.

FIG. 14A is a main bias circuit diagram for generating a DC bias signal required for a transceiver of the present invention, FIG. 14B is a Schottky diode bias circuit diagram of an ASK modulator, and FIG. 14C is a Schottky diode bias circuit diagram of a rectification detector.

** Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings **

22: ASK transceiver main housing

23: NRD Guide of Local Oscillator

24: Spherical waveguide line connecting local oscillator and ASK modulator

25: NRD guide placed in front of Schottky diode mount of ASK modulator

26,30,35,38: Feed Through

27: NRD guide placed behind Schottky diode mount of ASK modulator

28: output waveguide for outputting the ASK modulated signal of the transmitter

29-1: Schottky Diode 29-2: Diode Mount

29-3: patch antenna 29: Schottky diode part of ASK modulation part

31: Input waveguide of the receiver to which the ASK modulated signal radiated from the transmitter is introduced

224: Low Noise Amplifier Section

33: Spherical waveguide line connecting low noise amplifier and rectifier detector

34: NRD guide placed in front of Schottky diode mount of rectifier detector

36: NRD guide placed behind the Schottky diode mount of the rectifier detector

37-1: Schottky Diode 37-2: Diode Mount

37-3: patch antenna 37: Schottky diode part of rectifier detection part

39: Gunn Diode Mount

40: Gunn Diode

41: Spherical waveguide line located behind the local oscillation part (back shot cavity)

42: metal rod resonator

43: Transmitter Cover 44: Receiver Cover

45: receiver input port 46: transmitter output port

47: bonding hole 48, 49: high dielectric constant sheet

50: cover of low noise amplifier

51,52: Blocks constituting the rectangular waveguide line

53: spherical waveguide line 54: coupling screw

55: conductor wall to block noise from bias

57: portion where the receiving bias substrate is mounted

58: area in which the main bias substrate is mounted

59: back cover of housing

60a, 60b, 60c: grooves for powering respective bias circuits

61: portion where the transmitter bias board is mounted

100: transmitter 200: receiver

110: local oscillation unit 120: ASK modulation unit

210: rectification detector 220: low noise amplifier

112, 122, 212, 222: Installation joint

130: transmit antenna 230: receive antenna

According to the present invention for achieving the above object, a transmitter and a receiver using the same frequency in the millimeter wave band is mechanically separated and installed in an integrated conductor housing (housing), the signal propagation of the transmitter and the receiver The path is composed of a hybrid type using NRD guide and a rectangular waveguide, and the reception signal input waveguide of the receiver connected to the reception antenna and the transmission signal output waveguide of the transmitter connected to the transmission antenna are formed to be 90 degree polarization. A feature ASK transceiver for the millimeter wave band is provided.

Unlike the conventional transceiver using the transmission frequency and the reception frequency differently, the transceiver of the present invention can increase the frequency use efficiency by using the same frequency of the transmission and reception signals. Interference between the transmission channel and the reception channel that may occur due to the use of the same frequency is suppressed by the structure in which the input waveguide of the reception signal and the output waveguide of the transmission signal are arranged at 90 degree polarization diversity. In addition, the transmitter and the receiver can be mechanically separated into an integrated housing to block the transmission signal from flowing into the receiving circuit, thereby enabling higher sensitivity transmission and reception than the conventional transceiver.

The transmitter modulates the oscillation signal into an amplitude shifting modulation signal (hereinafter referred to as an 'ASK modulation signal') by switching between a local oscillator generating a millimeter wave oscillation signal and a schottky diode using a baseband signal which is transmission information. And an ASK modulator provided to the transmitting antenna. The local oscillation part is designed to increase the mass productivity by limiting the use of the NRD guide, which is difficult to precisely process, into a single straight line.

Specifically, the local oscillation unit is a wave guide having a single straight line shape, which is installed in an empty space between the upper conductor plate and the lower conductor plate, and guides the oscillation signal applied to the side to an output terminal interfaced with the ASK modulator. NRD guide; A gun diode driven by a DC bias signal to output an oscillation signal in the millimeter wave range; A metal rod resonator for adjusting the oscillation frequency and oscillation output of the oscillation signal generated by the gun diode to provide the NRD guide; And a back shot cavity that maximizes the output of the oscillation signal provided to the ASK modulator by performing impedance matching between the gun diode and the NRD guide.

Specifically, the ASK modulator includes a schottky diode unit mounted in the installation cavity and having a schottky diode mounted between the gaps of the patch antennas on the dielectric substrate; Linear front and rear NRD guides arranged in a row in both directions of the schottky diode with the schottky diode interposed therebetween; And a high dielectric constant sheet for ensuring impedance matching between the schottky diode and the front NRD guide, wherein the schottky diode unit uses the baseband signal loaded on the DC bias signal provided through the patch antenna. The oscillation signal provided through the NRD guide and the patch antenna is modulated into an ASK modulated signal and output through the rear NRD guide.

As a solution in relation to the installation of the local oscillation unit and the ASK modulator, the local oscillation unit and the ASK modulator each have a mounting structure that is separately disposed in a separate installation cavity and is covered with a flat conductor cover. A spherical waveguide that connects is interfaced to the output of the local oscillator and the input of the ASK modulator. In this case, cavities are disposed on both sides of the end portions of both NRD guides, thereby providing transitions for minimizing transmission loss by matching transmission modes of the oscillation signal between the NRD guide and the rectangular waveguide. As another method, the local oscillation unit and the ASK modulator may be mounted together in a single installation cavity to be covered with a flat conductor cover, and the local oscillator and the ASK modulator may be interconnected by a single NRD guide line. have.

Furthermore, in order to prevent the oscillation signal transmitted to the ASK modulator from being reflected back to the local oscillator, the NRD guide line and the spherical waveguide of the gun diode of the local oscillator to the schottky diode of the ASK modulator are It is preferable that the total distance is (2n + 1) λ / 4 (where n is a natural number and λ of the oscillation signal is a wavelength).

Local oscillation part because it is difficult to manufacture and manufacture, and it is possible to replace the role of circulator by the separation distance of local oscillation part and ASK modulator by using simple linear NRD guide and spherical waveguide without using circulator and coupler with high transmission loss. The oscillation signal of high power oscillated at is transmitted to the ASK modulator without transmission loss, so that the high power ASK modulation signal can be emitted from the transmitter.

The receiver includes a receiving unit for receiving the ASK modulated signal radiated from the transmitting side through a receiving antenna and providing it to a rectifying detector; And a rectifying detector configured to detect the baseband signal of the transmitter by using the rectifying detection method for the ASK modulated signal received through the receiving unit. The receiver does not have a separate local oscillator and demodulates the signal using a carrier signal included in the received signal. Like the transmitter, the receiver is connected to the low-noise amplifier and the rectifying detector by a rectangular waveguide, and the front waveguide and the NRD guide of the rectifying detector are connected by using a transition.

The receiving unit receives the weak ASK modulated signal received through the receiving antenna along an input waveguide composed of a rectangular waveguide, amplifies a signal output to improve a signal-to-noise ratio, and then outputs the rectangular waveguide structure through an output waveguide line. Low noise amplifier section provided in the rectifier detector. By using the low noise amplifier as a receiver, long-range communication is possible by amplifying the weak received signal and improving the signal-to-noise ratio. Alternatively, the receiver may be configured as a rectangular waveguide unit for simply transmitting the ASK modulated signal received through the reception antenna to the rectification detector through a rectangular waveguide line without any signal processing. The low noise amplification part or the spherical waveguide part may be mounted and detached in an installation cavity provided in the housing by configuring one module, and the input and output waveguides of the low noise amplification part or the spherical waveguide part are configured as spherical waveguides. To make the structure compatible with the receiver input port and the rectifier detector.

The rectifier detector includes a schottky diode unit mounted in the installation cavity and having a schottky diode mounted between the gaps of the patch antennas on the dielectric substrate; Linear front and rear NRD guides arranged in a row in both directions of the schottky diode with the schottky diode interposed therebetween; And a high dielectric constant sheet for ensuring impedance matching between the schottky diode and the front NRD guide, wherein the schottky diode part is oscillated with the DC bias signal and the ASK modulated signal provided through the patch antenna. The received signal is converted into a baseband signal by switching of the schottky diode using a signal (carrier signal).

The rear surface of the housing is provided with a plurality of installation cavities for mounting the bias circuit for driving the transmitter and the receiver, each of the installation cavities do not affect the other bias circuit noise caused by any bias circuit It has a structure partitioned by conductor walls to block it.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The structure of a transceiver using a millimeter wave band NRD guide and a rectangular waveguide according to the present invention is schematically illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4 are a perspective view and a plan view showing the structure of a transceiver of a millimeter wave band according to the present invention, respectively. 5 is a rear perspective view of the transceiver.

The transceiver of the present invention has a structure in which the transmitter 100 and the receiver 200 are mounted together in the integrated conductor housing 22. The transmitter 100 and the receiver 200 are installed to be mechanically separated from each other while occupying approximately the right half and the left half of the housing 22. The various components constituting the transmitter 100 and the receiver 200 are mounted on the upper and rear surfaces of the conductor housing 22, respectively, and the transmitter 100 and the receiver 200 are formed by the transmitter cover 43 and the receiver cover 44. The upper surface of the ()), respectively, and the back of the housing 22 is also covered with a cover 59 (see Fig. 5) has a structure that can be assembled.

The cover 100 of the transmitter 100 and the cover 44 of the receiver 200 may be integrally formed, but may also be configured as a separate type as shown. The transmitter cover 43 and the receiver cover 44 are formed with an input port 45 and an output port 46, respectively, and the transmission antenna 130 and the reception antenna 230 are mounted on these ports 45 and 46, respectively. do. The input port 45 and the output port 46 are preferably designed in a standard spherical waveguide standard so that a horn or reflector antenna can be used (see FIGS. 3 and 6).

The transmitter 100 includes a local oscillator 110 for generating an oscillation signal and an ASK modulator 120 for modulating the oscillation signal using a baseband signal to radiate it through the transmission antenna 130. The local oscillator 110 and the ASK modulator 120 are interfaced through a rectangular waveguide line 24.

The local oscillator 110 adjusts the oscillation frequency and oscillation output of the oscillation signal while transmitting the oscillation signal to the gun diode 40 that outputs the oscillation signal, the mount 39 to which the gun diode is mounted, and the oscillation signal to the NRD guide 23. The metal rod resonator 42 and the NRD guide 23 for inducing the oscillation signal introduced through the metal rod resonator 42 to the ASK modulator 120 and the impedance match are provided to the ASK modulator 120. It consists of a Back Short (41) that can adjust the output power (Power) of the oscillation signal to be maximized (see Fig. 3, 4, 7). According to the structure of the local oscillator 110 of the present invention, the NRD guide 23 in the form of a single straight line across the installation cavity 112 is disposed, and the gun diode in the proper position on the side of the NRD guide so that the LSM mode is oscillated 40 is positioned and the oscillation signal of the gun diode 40 is applied to the NRD guide 23 using the metal rod resonator 42.

Specifically, the gun diode 40, the mount 39, the metal rod resonator 42, the NRD guide 23 is mounted in the installation cavity 112 for the local oscillation unit 110 provided on the upper surface of the housing 22, A bias circuit that is responsible for supplying the DC bias required for the gun diode 40 is provided on the rear surface of the housing 22 (see FIGS. 5, 14A, and 14B). The gun diode 40 may be installed on the side wall of the installation cavity 112, not the mount 39. In order to follow the installation method, the side wall of the installation cavity 112 at the point where the gun diode 40 is to be installed may be made into a protruding structure and form an installation hole in which the gun diode 40 may be embedded in the protrusion.

The back shot cavity 41 is made in the form of a spherical waveguide cavity positioned at the rear of the NRD guide 23, and is output through the output port of the local oscillator 110 by making impedance matching with the output side of the NRD guide 23. The output of the oscillation signal is introduced to maximize. The back shot cavity 41 is spaced apart from the point where the metal rod resonator 42 is located by a distance of (2n + 1) λ / 4 in the direction opposite to the output port of the local oscillator 110. Where n is a natural number and λ is the wavelength of the oscillation signal. In actual design, the value of n will be determined according to the size of the transceiver, but in general, the value of 1 or 2 should be considered. If more values are applied, the size of the transceiver should be considered. It may be further provided with a back shot tuning screw 67 which can be inserted and extended into the back shot cavity 41 to achieve more accurate and effective impedance matching. Impedance matching can be obtained by varying the insertion length in the back shot cavity 41 of the back shot tuning screw 67 to secure the optimum back shot length.

The anode of the gun diode 40 is installed to be exposed to the outside and faces the normal to the side of the NRD guide 23. Since the oscillation frequency and the oscillation power are determined by the diameter and length of the metal rod resonator 42, the oscillation signal oscillated by the gun diode 40 is determined by appropriately determining the diameter and length of the metal rod resonator 42. Can be obtained. The transmission mode of the oscillation signal propagated along the NRD guide 23 is the LSM mode. In order to apply the LSM mode of the oscillation signal to the ASK modulator 120, the metal rod resonator 42 is located on the lateral side of the NRD guide 23 and is coupled in the electric field direction (E-field direction) of the NRD guide. .

The ASK modulator 120 is interfaced with the local oscillator 110 through a rectangular waveguide line 24. That is, the NRD guide 23 of the local oscillator 110 and the front NRD guides 25 of the ASK modulator 120 are arranged in a line at a predetermined interval, and a rectangular waveguide line 24 is disposed therebetween. Of course, since the transmission mode between the NRD guides 23 and 24 and the rectangular waveguide line 24 is different, the transition portions are arranged in both NRD guides 23 and 25 to change the transmission mode of the oscillation signal (see Fig. 12).

The ASK modulator 120 modulates the oscillation signal of the local oscillator 110 by using the baseband signal in an ASK modulation scheme and outputs the modulated signal. To this end, the ASK modulator 120 is disposed between the gaps of the patch antenna 29-3 on the diode mount 29-2 made of a dielectric substrate in the installation cavity 122, as shown in FIGS. The front and rear side of the schottky diode portion 29-1, which is arranged between the schottky diode portion 29-1 and the schottky diode portion 29-1, with the schottky diode portion 29-1 interposed therebetween And a high dielectric constant sheet 48 for ensuring impedance matching between the Schottky diode portion 29 and the front NRD guide 25. The front NRD guide 25 guides the oscillation signal of the local oscillator 110 to the schottky diode 29-1, and the schottky diode 29 is a DC bias provided through the patch antenna 29-2. The ASK modulated signal is generated by rectifying the oscillation signal using the baseband signal loaded on the signal. The ASK modulated signal is guided by the rear NRD guide 27 and radiated through the transmission antenna 130 via the output waveguide 28 and the transmitter output port 46.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8, a high-k dielectric sheet 48 is attached to the rear NRD guide 27, and a diode mount 29 provided with a schottky diode 29-1 is attached thereto, and a schottky diode ( 29-1), the front NRD guide 25 is added. That is, the front NRD guide 25 and the rear NRD guide 27 are arranged in a line with the diode mount 29-2 having the Schottky diode 29-1 fixed thereto and the high dielectric constant sheet 48 having an appropriate thickness interposed therebetween. It is installed in the form of being arranged. An output waveguide 28 to which the ASK modulated signal of the transmitter 100 is output is connected to the rear NRD guide 27. The output waveguide 28 takes the form of a rectangular waveguide line. The output waveguide 28 is connected to the transmission antenna 130 through the output port 46 of the transmitter 100. The diode mount 29-2 etches a copper foil stacked on a substrate made of a dielectric such as Teflon, for example, to create a patch antenna 29-3 having a plurality of lambda / 4 choke circuits as shown and a Schottky diode 29 -1) is made into a structure that is bonded across the gap of the patch antenna (29-3). Feed throughs 26 and 30 that supply a DC bias are connected to the patch antenna 29-3.

The DC bias necessary for the operation of the Schottky diode 29-1 is supplied through the feedthroughs 26 and 30 from the bias circuits (refer to FIGS. 14A and 14B) provided on the rear surface of the housing 22. The front NRD guide 25 serves not only to protect the attachment state of the schottky diode portion 29 but also to a length suitable for a signal wavelength, etc., and serves as a back short for impedance matching. The optimal length of the NRD guide to obtain impedance matching depends on various factors such as the wavelength and frequency of the transmission signal, the size of the dielectric line, and can be obtained by experiment.

When the oscillation signal oscillated from the gun diode 40 of the local oscillation unit 110 is transmitted to the ASK modulator 120, the oscillation signal is reflected by the schottky diode unit 29 and is led back to the local oscillation unit 110. This may affect the stable operation of the local oscillator 110. In order to minimize this effect, as shown in FIG. 9, the position of the Schottky diode portion 29 of the ASK modulator 120 is based on the gun diode 40 of the local oscillation unit 110 (2n + 1). It is desirable to locate at a distance of λ / 4 so as to cancel the reflected signal at the Schottky diode mount. Where n is a natural number and λ is the wavelength of the oscillation signal. Therefore, the ASK modulator 120 having this structure minimizes the influence of the signal reflected by the schottky diode 29 on the operation of the local oscillator 110.

On the other hand, the receiver 200 of the present invention is configured differently from the method of obtaining the intermediate frequency (IF) while passing the received signal using the local oscillator, circulator and combiner applied to the conventional transceiver. That is, the receiver 200 receives the ASK modulated signal radiated from the transmitter 100 without a separate local oscillator as it is and directly converts it into a baseband frequency signal and extracts it according to a so-called rectification detection method. It is composed. In particular, the transceiver of the present invention to equalize the frequency of use during transmission and reception in order to improve the efficiency of using the frequency, and to block the interference between the channels caused by using the same frequency, the receiver 200 The received signal input waveguide 31 of the transmitter 100 is configured to be 90 degrees polarized with the transmit signal output waveguide 28 of the transmitter.

Installation cavity 212, 222 is formed in the upper left half of the housing 22, the main parts of the receiver 220 and the rectification detector 210 is mounted in the installation cavity (212, 222). Specifically, the receiver 200 receives the ASK modulated signal radiated from the transmitting side through the receiving antenna 230 and provides the rectifying detector 210 to the receiving unit 220 and the receiving unit 220 through the receiving unit 220. It is composed of a rectifying detector 210 for detecting the signal to separate the baseband signal of the transmitter (100). The input waveguide 31 of the receiver 220 is connected to the reception antenna 230 connected to the receiver input port 45, and the rectifier detector 210 is interfaced with the receiver 220 through the output port 33. .

The receiver 220 may be configured as the low noise amplifier 224 illustrated in FIG. 11A. The low noise amplifier 224 receives the weak signal received through the receiving antenna 230 mounted on the receiver input port 45 along the input waveguide 31, amplifies it, improves the signal-to-noise ratio, and then outputs the output signal. It is provided to the rectification detector 210 through the waveguide line (33). In order to facilitate the coupling between the rectifying detector 210 and the receiving antenna 230, the input waveguide 31 and the output waveguide line 33 of the low noise amplifier 224 is composed of a rectangular waveguide. The low noise amplifier 224 is enlarged in FIG. 11A. The low noise amplifier 224 is connected to the input waveguide 31 and the output waveguide line 33 on both sides of the hexahedral conductor frame, respectively, and is a pair of spherical waveguide lines 31-1 which are bent at approximately right angles and extend side by side. 33-1) is formed between the rectangular waveguide lines 31-1 and 33-1, and the cover 50 is covered with an amplifying circuit (not shown) that amplifies and outputs a received signal. Have The low noise amplifier 224 is preferably configured in the form of a module that can be fixed to the bottom of the installation cavity 222 of the housing 22 by using the screws 54a to 54d. Not only is this easy, but also suitable for replacing with the spherical waveguide portion 226 shown in Fig. 11B.

As mentioned, instead of the low noise amplifier 224, the receiver 220 may be configured with the spherical waveguide portion 226 shown in FIG. 11B. For short-range transmission and reception, which does not require amplification of the received signal, a rectangular waveguide 226 having no amplifier capability may be suitable. As shown, the spherical waveguide portion 226 is composed of conductor blocks 51 and 52 defining a spherical waveguide line 53 communicating with the input waveguide 31 and the output waveguide 33, as shown. 54d) is mounted to the installation cavity 222 of the housing 22. It is different from the low noise amplifier 224 in that the signal is transferred to the rectifier detector 210 without being amplified.

3, 4, and 10, the rectifier detector 210 receives the front NRD guide 34 for guiding the received signal received through the receiver 220 to the Schottky diode 37-1. By using the high dielectric constant sheet 49 to ensure impedance matching between the Schottky diode 37-1 and the NRD guide in the desired frequency band, a DC bias signal, and an oscillation signal (carrier signal) output together with the received signal. The switching of the schottky diode 37-1 converts and detects the received signal into a baseband signal, and modulates the modulated signal while ensuring the protection and impedance matching of the schottky diode 37-1. The guiding rear NRD guide 36 is arranged in order in the installation cavity 212. The DC bias necessary for the operation of the Schottky diode 37-1 is supplied through the feedthroughs 35 and 38 from the bias circuits (refer to FIGS. 14A and 14C) provided on the rear surface of the housing 22. The transition portions 63a and 63b of FIG. 12, which switch the transmission mode of the radio signal for the interface between the output waveguide lines 33 of the front NRD guide 34, are input portions of the front NRD guide 34. It is also installed on the side. The structure of the schottky diode portion 37 is composed of a schottky diode 37-1, a diode mount 37-2, and a patch antenna 37-3, similarly to that of the schottky diode portion 29, The patch antenna 37-3 is connected to the feedthroughs 35 and 38 mounted on the bottom of the installation cavity 212 with lead wires.

The NRD guides 23, 25, 27, 34 used in the transceiver of the present invention are made of a dielectric such as, for example, Teflon. NRD guides (23, 25, 27, 34) made of this dielectric material and spherical waveguides filled with air alone differ in their optimum signal transmission modes, so that signals propagate when the signal proceeds from the former to the latter or vice versa. You need to change the mode of the signal. In the case of the transceiver of the present invention, both sides of the front part (output side) and the rear part (back shot side) of the NRD guide 23 of the local oscillation unit 110, and the input side NRD of the ASK modulator 120 On both sides of the leading part of the guide 25 and both sides of the rear part of the NRD guide 27 on the output side, and on both sides of the input side of the NRD guide 34 of the rectifying detector 210, the transmission mode of the radio signal is respectively provided. A transition is provided. Such a transition unit, in the transmission and reception apparatus of the present invention, connects the local oscillator 110 and the ASK modulator 120 of the transmitter 100, the low noise amplifier 224 and the rectifier detector 210 of the receiver 200. Apply to combine). 12 exemplarily illustrates a transition unit provided on an input side of the ASK modulator 120. Transition portions 63a and 63b for coupling the NRD guide 25 and the spherical waveguide 24 are formed in the shape of a cavity having a predetermined size surrounded by side walls of the housing 22 on both sides of the NRD guide.

The transceiver of the present invention requires the supply of a bias signal for the transmission and reception operation. Circuits for supplying the bias signal are shown in Figs. 14A to 14C. FIG. 14A shows a main bias circuit, which is constructed using a plurality of resistor elements R and capacitor elements C, as shown, and includes the gun diode 40 of the transmitter. And an output terminal T1 for supplying a DC bias to the Schottky diode 29-1, an output terminal T2 for supplying a DC bias to the Schottky diode 37-1 of the rectifier detector 210, and a low noise amplifier ( An output terminal T3 for supplying a DC bias to the rectifier circuit of 224 is provided. The output terminals T1, T2, and T3 of each bias circuit are connected to a node between the resistor element R and the grounded capacitor element C to extract the direct current component.

14B illustrates a bias circuit of the ASK modulator 120. The cathode of the Schottky diode 29-1 is grounded through the resistor element R, and the anode receives the DC bias signal provided via the baseband signal and the inductor L through the capacitor C through the Schottky diode 29 -1).

14C illustrates a bias circuit of the rectifier detector 210. The anode of the Schottky diode 37-1 is grounded through the resistor element R, the cathode is connected to the output terminal T2 of the bias circuit via the capacitor C and the inductor L, and the capacitor C It is configured to obtain the output of the baseband signal through.

These bias circuits are installed on a printed circuit board (not shown) and are installed on the rear surface of the housing 22 of the transceiver of the present invention. 5 shows the configuration of the rear surface of the housing 22 in which such a bias circuit is installed. As shown in FIG. 5, the rear surface of the housing 22 has an installation cavity 58 and a modulator of the transmitter 100 mounted with a bias for supplying DC power to the local oscillator 110 and the low noise amplifier 224. The installation cavity 61 to which a bias circuit for applying a direct current bias to the Schottky diode of the receiver, the Schottky diode 37-1 of the rectifier detector 210 of the receiver 200, and the low noise amplifier 224 The installation cavities 57, on which the bias circuit for applying the bias is mounted, are divided by the conductor walls 55, respectively, and cover the cover 59 after the bias circuit is installed. Grooves 60a, 60b and 60c are formed in the upper end of the conductor wall 55 through which the connection line between the installation cavities 57, 58 and 61 will pass. As such, the portions in which each bias is mounted to the conductor wall 55 are divided so that noise that may occur in the entire bias circuit is generated by the ASK modulator 120 or the receiver 200 of the transmitter 100. This is to induce the low noise amplification unit 224 to fundamentally block each device from malfunctioning by this noise (Noise).

In order to amplify the baseband signal extracted from the rectifier detector 210 and filter out the noise of the high frequency component, the amplifier circuit 240 and the low frequency filter circuit 250 are disposed in the output terminal of the rectifier detector 210 afterwards. More preferably (see FIG. 13).

FIG. 13 shows a block diagram of a transmission / reception system configured by installing two transceivers at a transmitting side and a receiving side. The operation principle of the transceiver according to the present invention will be described with reference to this. As a result, wireless transmission and reception are possible between the transmitter 100 of the first transceiver and the receiver 200 of the second transceiver, as well as between the transmitter 100 of the second transceiver and the receiver 200 of the first transceiver. Using may configure a wireless communication system capable of two-way transmission and reception.

Communication between the transmitter 100 of the first transceiver and the receiver 200 of the second transceiver is performed as follows. When the carrier signal (oscillation signal) generated by the local oscillator 110 of the first transceiver, the DC bias and the baseband signal are input to the ASK modulator 120 through the front NRD guide 25 and the feedthrough 30, respectively, The signal modulated by the switching operation of the schottky diode 29-1 installed in the ASK modulator 120 is generated in the upper band and the lower band based on the carrier wave LO, respectively. The generated modulation signal is radiated through the transmission antenna 130. The receiver 200 of the second transceiver receives a signal radiated from the first transceiver through the reception antenna 230. The received signal is amplified by passing through the low noise amplifier 224 and converted into a high quality signal having an improved signal-to-noise ratio, and then provided to the rectifying detector 210 or the spherical waveguide unit 226 instead of the low noise amplifier 224. ) Is provided to the rectification detector 210 via the spherical waveguide portion 226 without undergoing this signal amplification process. The rectifier detector 210 extracts the baseband signal from the amplified (or unamplified) received signal. Here, the receiver 200 detects a received signal by using a carrier signal output as a modulated signal from the transmitter 100 without using a carrier wave signal generated by a separate local oscillator. That is, the RF signal modulated by the switching operation of the schottky diode 37-1 of the rectifier detector 210 is converted into a baseband signal and detected. The detected baseband signal is subjected to the baseband amplifier 240 and the low pass filter (LPF unit) 250 to amplify the signal output and remove the noise, thereby finally obtaining the desired baseband signal. Transmitting and receiving operations between the transmitter 100 of the second transceiver and the receiver 200 of the first transceiver are also performed in the same manner as above.

In this way, the transceiver is installed at each point, and the bidirectional communication using the same frequency band brings the advantage of high frequency usage efficiency. However, when the first transceiver and the second transceiver operate in the same frequency band, signal interference may occur. However, such unwanted signal interference does not occur in the transceiver of the present invention. Because the transmission antenna 130 and the receiving antenna 230 is installed by giving a 90 degree polarization to each other is configured in a structure without mutual influence. In the above, the operation principle of the transmitter and receiver has been explained. In brief, the operation principle is described. In AM modulation and demodulation, modulation is the same as the principle of double side band (DSB) modulation, and demodulation is asynchronous detection rather than synchronous detection. (Envelope detection, rectification detection) is adopted.

In the above, a preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described. However, the possible embodiments for implementing the basic concept of the present invention are not limited to the above cases. Various changes may be made in the arrangement and shape of components mounted inside the transceiver.

The transceiver using the NRD guide and the spherical waveguide according to the present invention as described above has the following advantages.

(1) When constructing a transceiver using NRD guides and spherical waveguides, Teflon material, which is the material of NRD guides, is difficult to precisely process, so parts that require precise dimensions such as circulators and couplers are not employed in constructing transceivers. In addition, the NRD guide is used only for the manufacture of relatively simple parts such as ASK modulator and rectifier detector, and other components are constructed using spherical waveguide structure that is easy to precision and process. Therefore, the structure of the transceiver is very simple, and the processability and assembly are excellent, maximizing mass production efficiency and dramatically lowering the manufacturing cost.

(2) Since a simple linear NRD guide and a spherical waveguide can be used to substitute the role of the circulator by the distance between the local oscillator 110 and the ASK modulator 120, the high power oscillated from the local oscillator 110 The oscillation signal may be transmitted to the ASK modulator 120 without transmitting loss to radiate a high power ASK modulated signal from the transmitter 100.

(3) Since the method of receiving at the receiver of the transceiver has rectified detection of the oscillating signal radiated from the local oscillator of the transmitter as it is, there is an advantage that the reception is possible regardless of the synchronization of the local oscillating signal.

(4) The transmitter 100 and the receiver 200 may be mechanically separated into the integrated housing 22 to block the transmission signal from flowing into the reception circuit, thereby enabling higher sensitivity transmission and reception than the conventional transceiver.

(5) The receiver 200 amplifies the weak received signal by using a low noise amplifier to improve the signal-to-noise ratio, thereby enabling long-distance communication.

(4) In addition, the transceiver of the present invention can improve the frequency use efficiency by using the same frequency, unlike the conventional transceiver uses different transmission and reception frequencies. Interchannel interference during undesired transmission and reception due to the use of the same frequency can be solved by giving a 90 degree polarization to the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna.

Although the above has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, those skilled in the art will be variously modified and changed within the scope of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention described in the claims below You can. Accordingly, all changes that come within the meaning or range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.

Claims (16)

Transmitters and receivers using the same frequency in the millimeter wave band are mechanically separated and installed in an integrated conductor housing, and the signal propagation paths of the transmitter and the receiver are hybrid by using an NRD guide and a rectangular waveguide. And the received signal input waveguide of the receiver connected to the receiving antenna and the transmitting signal output waveguide of the transmitter connected to the transmitting antenna are configured to be 90 degrees polarized. 2. The transmitter of claim 1, wherein the transmitter modulates the oscillation signal into an ASK (amplitude shifting) modulated signal by switching between a local oscillator generating a millimeter wave oscillation signal and a Schottky diode using a baseband signal as transmission information. ASK transceiver for millimeter wave band, characterized in that it comprises an ASK modulator provided to the transmitting antenna. The local oscillation unit according to claim 2, wherein the local oscillation unit and the ASK modulation unit have an installation structure which is disposed separately in separate installation cavities and covered by a flat conductor cover, and the spherical waveguides connecting the respective installation cavities. The output unit and the input unit of the ASK modulator interface with each other, and the sum of the NRD guide line and the spherical waveguide from the entry point of the gun diode of the local oscillation unit to the schottky diode of the ASK modulator is (2n + 1) λ / 4 And ASK transceiver for a millimeter wave band, wherein n is a natural number and λ of the oscillation signal is a wavelength. According to claim 2, wherein the local oscillator and the ASK modulator has a mounting structure that is mounted together in a single installation cavity covered with a flat conductor cover, the local oscillator and the ASK modulator is interconnected by a single NRD guide line The distance of the NRD guide line from the inlet point of the gun diode of the local oscillator to the schottky diode of the ASK modulator is (2n + 1) λ / 4 (where n is a natural number and λ of the oscillation signal is ASK transceiver for the millimeter wave band. The wave oscillator of claim 2, wherein the local oscillation unit is a wave guide having a single straight line shape, is installed in an empty space between the upper conductor plate and the lower conductor plate, and guides the oscillation signal applied to the side to an output terminal that interfaces with the ASK modulator. Linear NRD guides; A gun diode driven by a DC bias signal to output an oscillation signal in the millimeter wave range; A metal rod resonator for adjusting the oscillation frequency and oscillation output of the oscillation signal generated by the gun diode to provide the NRD guide; And a back shot cavity for achieving impedance matching between the gun diode and the NRD guide and maximizing the output of the oscillation signal provided to the ASK modulator. 6. The gun diode of claim 5, wherein the gun diode is embedded in a side wall of the installation cavity of the housing or in a separate mount, wherein the anode of the gun diode is exposed and directed normal to the side of the NRD guide. For the millimeter wave band, it is arranged between the anode and the side of the NRD guide to apply the LSM mode of the oscillation signal to the ASK modulator in the electric field direction (E-field direction) of the NRD guide. ASK transceiver. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the ASK modulator comprises: a schottky diode unit mounted in the installation cavity and having a schottky diode mounted between the gaps of the patch antennas on the dielectric substrate; Linear front and rear NRD guides arranged in a row in both directions of the schottky diode with the schottky diode interposed therebetween; And a high dielectric constant sheet for ensuring impedance matching between the schottky diode and the front NRD guide. The schottky diode unit modulates the front NRD guide and the oscillation signal provided via the patch antenna to an ASK modulated signal using a baseband signal carried on a DC bias signal provided through the patch antenna to the rear NRD guide. ASK transceiver for millimeter wave band, characterized in that output through. The method of claim 7, wherein the rear of the rear NRD guide is extended to the output waveguide consisting of a rectangular waveguide line, the end of the output waveguide is formed in the transmitter cover, it is connected to the transmitter output port to which the transmission antenna is connected ASK transceiver for millimeter wave band characterized by. 4. The output port of the local oscillation unit and the input port of the ASK modulator are each composed of NRD guides, and both NRD guides are connected through spherical waveguides, and cavities are disposed at both ends of both NRD guides. And thereby a transition unit for minimizing transmission loss by matching the transmission mode of the oscillation signal between the NRD guide and the rectangular waveguide. The receiver of claim 1, wherein the receiver comprises: a receiving unit receiving the ASK modulated signal radiated from a transmitting side through a receiving antenna and providing the received ASK modulation signal to a rectifying detector; And a rectifying detector for detecting the baseband signal of the transmitter by using the rectifying detection method for the ASK modulated signal transmitted through the receiving unit. The method of claim 10, wherein the receiving unit receives the weak ASK modulated signal received through the receiving antenna along an input waveguide consisting of a rectangular waveguide to amplify a signal output to improve the signal-to-noise ratio, and then ASK transceiver for millimeter wave band, characterized in that the low-noise amplifier provided to the rectification detector via an output waveguide line. The millimeter wave band ASK transceiver according to claim 10, wherein the receiver is a rectangular waveguide unit which simply transmits the ASK modulated signal received through the reception antenna to the rectification detector through a rectangular waveguide line without any signal processing. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the low noise amplification unit or the rectangular waveguide portion is configured in one module form can be attached to and removed from the installation cavity provided in the housing, the input waveguide and output of the low noise amplification portion or the rectangular waveguide portion The waveguide is composed of a rectangular waveguide, the ASK transceiver for the millimeter wave band, characterized in that compatible with the receiver input port and the rectifier detector. 11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the rectifier detector comprises: a schottky diode unit mounted in the installation cavity and having a schottky diode mounted between the gaps of the patch antennas on the dielectric substrate; Linear front and rear NRD guides arranged in a row in both directions of the schottky diode with the schottky diode interposed therebetween; And a high dielectric constant sheet for ensuring impedance matching between the schottky diode and the front NRD guide. The schottky diode unit detects the received signal into a baseband signal by switching the schottky diode using an oscillation signal (carrier signal) output together with the DC bias signal and the ASK modulated signal provided through the patch antenna. ASK transceiver for millimeter wave band, characterized in that. The oscillation signal according to claim 10, wherein the rectifying detector and the receiver are connected through a rectangular waveguide, and cavities are disposed at both sides of an end portion of the front NRD guide of the rectifying detector so that the oscillation signal is formed between the NRD guide and the rectangular waveguide. Transition for minimizing transmission loss by matching the transmission mode of the ASK transceiver for the millimeter wave band. The rear surface of the housing is provided with a plurality of installation cavities for mounting a bias circuit for driving the transmitter and the receiver, each installation cavity is different in noise generated in a certain bias circuit ASK transceiver for millimeter wave band, characterized in that the structure is partitioned by a conductor wall (Wall) to block the bias circuit.