KR20040069816A - Switchable 2way Power Divider/Combiner - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A switchable two-way power divider/synthesizer is provided to improve an electrical characteristic by removing a discontinuous point of a branch point in a two-way power division/synthesis process. CONSTITUTION: A first line(12) and a second transmission line(22) are used for receiving RF signals through input ports and transmitting the RF signals. A first and a second output ports(14,24) are used for outputting the RF signals. An isolation resistor(32) is connected between the first and the second transmission lines. A first open stub(17) is connected to the first transmission line. A second open stub(27) is connected to the second transmission line. A first switch(S1) is connected to the first transmission line and the first output port. A second switch(S2) is connected to the second transmission line and the second output port. A third switch(S3) is connected between the first transmission line and one side of the isolation resistor. A fourth switch(S4) is connected between the second transmission line and the other side of the isolation resistor. A fifth switch(S5) is connected to the first transmission line and the first open stub. A sixth switch(S6) is connected to the second transmission line and the second open stub.

Description

Switchable 2-way Power Divider / Combiner

The present invention relates to a power divider / synthesizer, and more particularly to a switchable two-way power divider / synthesizer.

Conventional switchable 2-way power dividers / synthesizers are based on Wilkinson power dividers / synthesizers. Wilkinson's power divider / synthesizer has two main characteristics.

First, there is isolation between output ports.

Second, impedance matching in all ports is possible.

1 is a diagram of one embodiment of a conventional switchable two-way power divider / synthesizer. As shown in FIG. 1, a conventional switchable 2-way power divider / compositor is composed of a switch 1 (SW1) and a switch 2 (SW2) around a branching point a branched from the input port in two-way power distribution. ) And the characteristics of switch 1 (SW1) and switch 2 (SW2) cannot have the same characteristics in reality, so the discontinuity point which is impossible in impedance matching in all ports exists naturally.

In particular, the branch point "a" is a region where one 50? Transmission line and two 70.7?? / 4 transmission lines are in contact with each other, and therefore requires an accurate impedance matching design. However, as pointed out earlier, there is a discontinuity at the branch point "a", so the power and phase output to the two output ports are different from each other, so that the characteristic of in-phase dynamic output, which is a characteristic that the 2-way power splitter / synthesizer must satisfy, is degraded Since switch 1 (SW1) and switch 2 (SW2) share the junction point "a" together, power loss occurs because the two output ports affect each other.

In addition, when the elements of the switch 1 (SW1) and the switch 2 (SW2) is a device having a small isolation, that is, an element in which leakage current is generated due to mutual influence, the switch 1 (SW1) and the switch 2 (SW2) Adjacent to the junction "a", it has a great influence on the characteristics of the isolation. In other words, when the existing switchable 2-way power divider / synthesizer is used as 1-way, the isolation characteristic is degraded, resulting in power loss.

On the other hand, the current research is under way and the technology to implement is focused on the operation in the high frequency band. Especially at these high frequencies, the branching point "a" of the conventional switchable 2-way power divider / synthesizer is a sensitive area, so further research on the two-way power divider / synthesizer that eliminates discontinuities at the branching point "a" is required. It has been.

The present invention has been proposed to meet the above demands, and eliminates the discontinuity of the branch point "a" in 2-way power distribution and synthesis, so that the two-way power splitter / synthesizer between two output ports must be satisfied. It improves the characteristics of the 2-way power divider / synthesizer by satisfying the dynamic power, and increases the isolation by using λ / 2 OPEN STUB or λ / 4 SHORT STUB when used as a 1-way power divider / synthesizer. Its purpose is to provide a switchable two-way power divider / synthesizer that improves the performance of the system.

1 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a conventional switchable two-way power divider / compositor.

2 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of a switchable 2-way power divider / synthesizer using λ / 2 open stub according to the present invention.

3A-3B are operational state diagrams of the switchable 2-way power divider / synthesizer shown in FIG.

4 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of a switchable two-way power divider / synthesizer using λ / 4 short stub according to the present invention.

5A-5B are operational state diagrams of the switchable 2-way power divider / synthesizer shown in FIG.

According to an aspect of the present invention, a switchable two-way power divider / synthesizer includes: a first branch for transmitting a high frequency signal input through the input port and branched from an input port receiving a high frequency signal; And first and second output ports for outputting a signal transmitted through a second transmission line, the first and second transmission lines, and an isolation resistor to be connected between the first transmission line and the second transmission line. A first open stub to be connected to the first transmission line, a second open stub to be connected to the second transmission line, a first switch to connect the first transmission line and the first output port; A second switch for connecting the second transmission line and the second output port, a third switch for connecting between the first transmission line and one side of the isolation resistor, A fourth switch for connecting between a second transmission line and the other side of the isolation resistor, a fifth switch for connecting the first transmission line and the first opening STUB, the second transmission line and the second OPEN And a sixth switch for connecting with the STUB.

In addition, the present invention, the switchable two-way power divider / synthesizer, branched at the input port for receiving a high frequency signal, the first and second transmission lines for transmitting the high frequency signal input through the input port, respectively First and second output ports for outputting signals transmitted through the first and second transmission lines, an isolation resistor to be connected between the first transmission line and the second transmission line, and the first transmission line. A first short stub to be connected to a furnace, a second short stub to be connected to the second transmission line, a first switch to connect the first transmission line and the first output port, and the second transmission line A second switch for connecting a furnace and the second output port, a third switch for connecting between the first transmission line and one side of the isolation resistor, the second transmission line and the A fourth switch for connecting between the other side of the isolation resistor, a fifth switch for connecting the first transmission line and the first short stub, and a second switch for connecting the second transmission line and the second short stub Includes 6 switches.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the same components in the drawings are represented by the same reference numerals and symbols as much as possible even though they are shown in different drawings. In addition, in describing the present invention, when it is determined that a detailed description of a related known function or configuration may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The switchable 2-way power divider / synthesizer according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, is first and second branched at the input port 10 receiving the high frequency signal and transmitting the input signal therethrough, respectively. Second transmission lines 12 and 22, first and second output ports 14 and 24 for outputting signals transmitted through the first and second transmission lines 12 and 22, and the first transmission line ( 12) the isolation resistor 32 connected between the second transmission line 22, the first OPEN STUB 17 to be connected to the first transmission line 12, and the second OPEN to be connected to the second transmission line 22. A second switch S1 connected to the STUB 27, the first transmission line 12 and the first output port 14, and a second connection line connected to the second transmission line 22 and the second output port 24. A connection between the switch S2, the third switch S3 connected between the first transmission line 12 and one side of the isolation resistor 32, and the other side of the second transmission line 22 and the isolation resistor 32; The fourth switch S4 connected thereto, the fifth switch S5 connected to the first transmission line 12 and the first OPEN STUB 17, the second transmission line 22 and the second OPEN STUB 27, The connected sixth switch S6 and the load connected to the first output port 14 or the second output port 24 are monitored for failure and accordingly the first to sixth switches S1, S2, S3, and S4. And controllers (not shown) for controlling ON / OFF of S5 and S6.

Here, the controller detects whether a load such as a high frequency power amplifier connected to the first output port 14 and the second output port 24 is faulty, and accordingly, the first to sixth switches S1, S2, S3, As a device for controlling the on / off of S4, S5, S6) without further detailed description, those skilled in the art will be able to easily implement.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the line connected to the input port 10 and the line connected to the first and second output ports 14 and 24 have an impedance value of 50 Ω, and the first and second transmission lines ( 12 and 22 have an impedance value of 70.7 Ω.

In addition, in this embodiment, the sum of the lengths of the fifth switch S5 and the first OPEN STUB 17 and the sum of the lengths of the sixth switch S6 and the second OPEN STUB 27 is λ / 4, and The lengths of the second transmission lines 12 and 22 are also made of? / 4.

The total length connecting the third switch S3, the isolation resistor 32, and the fourth switch S4 has a length of λ / 2.

An operating state of the present invention configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3A to 3B.

First, in the case of operating as a 2-way power divider, as shown in FIG. 3A, the first switch S1, the second switch S2, the third switch S3, and the fourth switch are controlled by a control signal of the controller. S4) is turned on (ie, connected). At this time, the fifth switch S5 and the sixth switch S6 are in an OFF state.

Accordingly, the signal input through the input port 10 is equally distributed and output through the first transmission line 12-the first switch S1-the first output port 14 and at the same time the second transmission line 22. The second switch S2 is output through the second output port 24.

However, a problem arises in that a failure occurs in a load connected to the first output port 14 or the second output port 24 and the one line is cut off. According to the present invention, when the signal transmission to the second output port 24 is to be interrupted, for example, as shown in FIG. 3B, the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 by the control signal of the controller. The second switch S2 and the fifth switch S5 are turned off and the first switch S1 and the sixth switch S6 are turned on.

At this time, the length λ / 4 of the second transmission line 22, the sixth switch S6, and the branch point of the first transmission line 12 and the second transmission line 22 in the input port 10 as a reference point. The total length λ / 4 of the second OPEN STUB 27 is added together to become a λ / 2 OPEN STUB where signals are canceled and not recognized. Therefore, the signal is output to the first transmission line 12-the first switch S1-the first output port 14.

Of course, when the signal transmission of the first output port 14 is to be interrupted, the third switch S3, the fourth switch S4, the first switch S1, and the sixth switch S6 are controlled by a control signal of the controller. ) Is turned off and the second switch S2 and the fifth switch S5 are turned on.

At this time, the length λ / 4 of the first transmission line 12, the fifth switch S6, and the branch point of the first transmission line 12 and the second transmission line 22 at the input port 10 as reference points. The total length? / 4 of the first OPEN STUB 17 is added together to become a? / 2 OPEN STUB that signals are canceled from each other and are not recognized. Accordingly, the signal is output to the second transmission line 22-the second switch S2-the second output port 24.

Here, the mathematical interpretation applied to λ / 2 OPEN STUB is shown in Equations 1 to 4 below. It acts as a 1-way power divider.

Z _L = ∞ (since open)

Therefore, Z _i = ∞

As shown in Equation 4, λ / 2 OPEN STUB does not affect the main transmission line because RL (reflection loss) is zero.

On the other hand, when used as a 1-way splitter, the impedance of the transmission line should be 50 ohms, so that the matching stub is connected to the front end of the input port.

In addition, if the reverse of the operation of the two-way power divider as described above, it is possible to operate as a two-way synthesizer, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The switchable 2-way power splitter / synthesizer according to another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, branches from the input port 10 receiving the high frequency signal and transmits the signals inputted therethrough, respectively. First and second transmission lines 12 and 22, first and second output ports 14 and 24 for outputting a signal transmitted through each of the first and second transmission lines 12 and 22, An isolation resistor 32 connected between the first transmission line 12 and the second transmission line 22, a first short stub 17 to be connected to the first transmission line 12, and a second transmission line 22. And a second switch ST27 to be connected with the first switch S1 connected to the first transmission line 12 and the first output port 14, the second transmission line 22, and the second output port 24. ) Is connected to the second switch (S2), the first transmission line 12 and one side of the isolation resistor 32, the third switch (S3), the second transmission line 22 and the isolation resistor (32) The fourth switch S4 connected between the other side, the fifth switch S5 connected to the first transmission line 12 and the first SHORT STUB 17, the second transmission line 22 and the second SHORT STUB ( Monitoring the failure of the load connected to the sixth switch S6 connected to the first output port 14 or the second output port 24, and accordingly the first to sixth switches S1, S2, It is comprised by the controller (not shown in figure) which controls ON / OFF (ON / OFF) of S3, S4, S5, S6.

Here, the controller detects whether a load such as a high frequency power amplifier connected to the first output port 14 and the second output port 24 is faulty, and accordingly, the first to sixth switches S1, S2, S3, As a device for controlling the on / off of S4, S5, S6) without further detailed description, those skilled in the art will be able to easily implement.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the line connected to the input port 10 and the line connected to the first and second output ports 14 and 24 have an impedance value of 50 Ω, and the first and second transmission lines 12 , 22) has an impedance value of 70.7 Ω.

In the present embodiment, the length of the first transmission line 12, the first switch S1, the second transmission line 22, and the second switch S2 is λ / 4.

The total length connecting the third switch S3, the isolation resistor 32, and the fourth switch S4 has a length of λ / 2.

An operating state of the present invention configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5A to 5B.

First, when operating as a two-way power divider, as shown in FIG. 5A, the first switch S1, the second switch S2, the third switch S3, and the fourth switch are controlled by a control signal of the controller. S4) is turned on (ie, connected). At this time, the fifth switch S5 and the sixth switch S6 are in an OFF state.

Accordingly, the signal input through the input port 10 is equally distributed and output through the first transmission line 12-the first switch S1-the first output port 14 and at the same time the second transmission line 22. The second switch S2 is output through the second output port 24.

However, a problem arises in that a failure occurs in a load connected to the first output port 14 or the second output port 24 and the one line is cut off. According to the present invention, when the signal transmission to the second output port 24 is to be interrupted, for example, as shown in FIG. 5B, the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 are controlled by the control signal of the controller. The second switch S2 and the fifth switch S5 are turned off and the first switch S1 and the sixth switch S6 are turned on.

Z _L = 0 (since short)

Therefore, Z_i = ∞

At this time, when looking at the branch point in the input port 10, since the signal through the second transmission line 22 is connected to the second SHORT STUB 27, it becomes as < Equation 8 > Therefore, it does not affect the main transmission line. Therefore, the signal is output to the first transmission line 12-the first switch S1-the first output port 14.

Of course, when the signal transmission of the first output port 14 is to be interrupted, the third switch S3, the fourth switch S4, the first switch S1, and the sixth switch S6 are controlled by a control signal of the controller. ) Is turned off and the second switch S2 and the fifth switch S5 are turned on.

At this time, when looking at the branch point in the input port 10, since the signal through the first transmission line 12 is connected to the first SHORT STUB 17, it becomes as < Equation 8 > Therefore, it does not affect the main transmission line. Accordingly, the signal is output to the second transmission line 22-the second switch S2-the second output port 24.

On the other hand, when used as a 1-way splitter, the impedance of the transmission line should be 50 ohms, so that the matching stub is connected to the front end of the input port.

The present invention described above is capable of various substitutions, modifications, and changes without departing from the spirit of the present invention for those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains, and the above-described embodiments and accompanying It is not limited by the drawings.

As described above, the present invention eliminates the discontinuity of the branch point "a" during 2-way power distribution and synthesis, thereby satisfying the in-phase, dynamic output that the 2-way power splitter / synthesizer must satisfy between the two output ports. There is an effect of improving the characteristics of the power divider / synthesizer.

In addition, the present invention has an effect of improving the 1-way performance of the power divider / synthesizer by increasing the isolation by using λ / 2 OPEN STUB or λ / 4 SHORT STUB when used as a 1-way power divider / synthesizer.

Claims (6)

In a switchable 2-way power divider / synthesizer, First and second transmission lines branched from an input port receiving a high frequency signal and transmitting the high frequency signals inputted through the input port, respectively; First and second output ports configured to output signals transmitted through the first and second transmission lines, respectively; An isolation resistor to be connected between the first transmission line and the second transmission line; An open stub to be connected to the first transmission line; A second open stub to be connected to the second transmission line; A first switch for connecting the first transmission line and the first output port; A second switch for connecting the second transmission line and the second output port; A third switch for connecting between the first transmission line and one side of the isolation resistor; A fourth switch for connecting between the second transmission line and the other side of the isolation resistor; A fifth switch for connecting the first transmission line and the first open stub; And a sixth switch for connecting the second transmission line and the second open stub. The method of claim 1, And a controller configured to monitor whether a load connected to the first output port or the second output port is broken and to control the on / off operation of the first to sixth switches accordingly. Switchable 2-way power divider / synthesizer. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The sum of the lengths of the fifth switch and the first open stub and the sum of the lengths of the sixth switch and the second open stub is λ / 4, and the length of the first and second transmission lines is also λ / 4. Switchable 2-way power divider / synthesizer. In a switchable 2-way power divider / synthesizer, First and second transmission lines branched from an input port receiving a high frequency signal and transmitting the high frequency signals inputted through the input port, respectively; First and second output ports configured to output signals transmitted through the first and second transmission lines, respectively; An isolation resistor to be connected between the first transmission line and the second transmission line; A first short stub to be connected to the first transmission line; A second short stub to be connected to the second transmission line; A first switch for connecting the first transmission line and the first output port; A second switch for connecting the second transmission line and the second output port; A third switch for connecting between the first transmission line and one side of the isolation resistor; A fourth switch for connecting between the second transmission line and the other side of the isolation resistor; A fifth switch for connecting the first transmission line and the first short stub; And a sixth switch for connecting the second transmission line and the second short stub. The method of claim 4, wherein And a controller configured to monitor whether a load connected to the first output port or the second output port is broken and to control the on / off operation of the first to sixth switches accordingly. Switchable 2-way power divider / synthesizer. The method of claim 4, wherein And a length of the first transmission line, the first switch, the second transmission line, and the second switch is λ / 4.