KR20040066778A - UPS Prepaid Smart Card to support Express Off-line Automatic Charge function - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A UPS(Uninterrupted Power Supply) prepayment smart card supporting an online automatic fast refill function is provided to fully automate a refill process of a customer, and enhance transaction speed and reliability of the prepayment smart card on the transaction with a payment SAM(Secure Application Module) by equipping with a super small charging device. CONSTITUTION: A user(10) enters into a fast refill use contract. The user uses the fast refill function. Terminals(20,50) periodically transmit a fast refill signature to a refill server(31) on the VAN(Value Added Network). The fast refill signatures collected in the refill server are transferred to a banking institution(40). The banking institution generates a fast refill permission list based on the fast refill signature and the Internal customer data, and transmits the list to the refill server. The refill server transmits the list to each terminal. The terminal transmits the fast refill flag permission command to the prepayment smart card if a fast refill flag is prohibited.

Description

UPS Prepaid Smart Card to support Express Off-line Automatic Charge function}

The present invention relates to the definition of a high-speed offline automatic charging system for coping with the postpay smart card by fully automating the customer amount charging process of the existing prepaid smart card and a method of implementing the prepaid smart card card operating system supporting the same. The present invention also relates to a method for dramatically improving the performance and reliability of the existing prepaid smart card.

The postpay smart card does not need to be charged, but if the prepaid smart card does not have enough balance during the payment transaction with the payment SAM, the customer must recharge the transaction and resume the transaction. Depending on the method of recharging, there may be a method of giving and recharging cash, a method of recharging money online in an account associated with a prepaid smart card, and a method of recharging money in connection with a credit card. But all of these methods require additional time and procedures. This is the biggest disadvantage of prepaid smart cards. For example, in the case of Korea Expressway Corporation's highway toll electronic card payment system, Korea Expressway Corporation's electronic card payment system is classified into two categories. There are a high pass (ETC) method that allows to pay tolls on highways and a touch-and-go method where customers pay a toll by touching a card on an RF terminal. In the case of the high pass method, if the balance is insufficient during the payment transaction, it is virtually impossible to charge the prepaid smart card. In the case of the Touch-And-Go method, if the balance is insufficient during the payment transaction, it can be charged in the booth (the toll storage place in the lane), but additional time is required, which affects vehicle communication. The present invention to solve this problem is fully automated in the offline method to the existing prepaid smart card charging procedure in about 10 milliseconds.

In general, the main factors affecting the performance of the smart card can be listed in the order of the performance of the microprocessor, the input and output speed with the terminal, the data storage time of the nonvolatile memory, the performance of the encryption module. I / O speed with the terminal and the performance of the encryption module are comparable for most smart cards. Therefore, the time required for data storage according to the type of non-volatile memory and the performance of the microprocessor should be regarded as the main variables that determine the performance of the smart card. The operation of reading data from nonvolatile memory is slightly different depending on the type of memory, but it is not a problem because it is so fast and similar that it does not significantly affect the performance of the smart card. Some smart cards use FRAM as a data storage medium. FRAM is a nonvolatile memory that greatly improves data storage speed and number of times of storage compared to FLASH or EEPROM. However, due to the high price, it can be a factor to raise the cost of smart cards. The present invention relates to a method of providing a payment transaction speed and reliability much faster than a prepaid smart card implemented using FRAM even when a prepaid smart card is manufactured using EEPROM.

Most prepaid smart cards copy key data in advance to ensure the reliability of data when power is cut off during a transaction with payment SAM, and if the transaction is not completed normally, restore the pre-stored data. This ensures reliability and is called a rollback function. In particular, in the case of a contactless payment transaction, the power can be cut off at any time, so the rollback function is very important. However, the rollback feature makes it difficult to develop a card operating system, affects overall execution time, and, if not implemented correctly, can be critical to system reliability. The present invention can secure the reliability of the system in any case as a technology for coping with the rollback function of the prepaid smart card, to improve the performance of the prepaid smart card by the time required for rollback and to implement the rollback function to the card operating system developers It's about how you can bear the burden.

Most smart cards use EEPROM as a data storage medium. When writing data to the EEPROM, securing a stable power supply is an important factor. If stable power is not secured, the integrity of the data to be stored in the EEPROM cannot be guaranteed. The present invention relates to a method for securing and supplying stable power in a smart card implemented using EEPROM.

The present invention has been proposed to solve the above problems and is divided into two parts. The first is about high speed offline automatic charging system for fully automating the customer's charging process and the high speed charging prepaid smart card to support it. The second is miniature to improve the transaction speed and reliability of prepaid smart card in transaction with payment SAM. The present invention relates to a method of implementing a UPS prepaid smart card with a built-in charging device.

1 is an overall flow chart of a fast offline automatic charging system

2 is a procedure for performing an Auto Refill command

3 is a procedure for generating a fast charging permission list

4 is a procedure for performing an Auto Refill Transfer S command

5 is an overall structure of a UPS prepaid smart card with a built-in charging circuit

6 is a basic circuit diagram of the rectenna to be used in the charging circuit

7 is a view showing a processing procedure and a charging area of an ISO-14443 TYPE B card

8 is a diagram illustrating a subdivided charging area of a UPS prepaid smart card.

9 is a view showing a transaction processing procedure and execution time of the electronic payment system

10 is a dedicated data structure and description to be used in the fast charging prepaid smart card

11 is a type and description of dedicated instructions to be used in the fast charging prepaid smart card

12 is a time required for storing and reading data for each memory

13 is a transfer map table to be implemented in the card operating system of the UPS prepaid smart card

14 is a detailed description of Auto Refill Get Data and Put Data.

The present invention for achieving the above object can be largely divided into a high-speed offline automatic charging system and a prepaid smart card with a prepaid smart card and a micro charging circuit supporting the same.

The overall flow chart of the high-speed offline automatic charging system is shown in FIG. 10 is an internal data element to be implemented in the card operating system of a prepaid smart card with a fast charging function and a description thereof. 11 is a type and description of the high-speed charging-related dedicated instructions to be added to the card operating system of the prepaid smart card with a high-speed charging function. 14 is a detail of Auto Refill Get Data and Auto Refill Put Data among high-speed charging related commands. Since then, the prepaid smart card that provides high-speed offline automatic charging is called a high speed prepaid smart card.

The high-speed offline automatic charging system is implemented through mutual cooperation with the prepaid smart card 10, the terminal 20, the VAN 30 and the financial institution 40 that supports the fast charging function. The overall flow chart of the high-speed offline automatic charging system will be described.

1. Fast Charging Usage Agreement-The customer who wants to use the fast charging prepaid smart card 10 writes the fast charging usage agreement to the financial institution 40. This agreement is intended to set the amount to be automatically charged when the balance is low on the customer's fast-charge prepaid smart card. Under this agreement, the financial institution sets up data regarding the fast charging of the customer's fast charging prepaid smart card. The fast charge function use flag shown in FIG. 10 is used, the fast charge commitment amount is entered, and the fast charge flag is made into a permit state and issued to a customer.

2. Using the fast charge function-If the balance is insufficient during the payment transaction using the fast charge prepaid smart card, the terminal transmits a fast charge command Auto Refill command to the fast charge prepaid smart card. The high speed charging prepaid smart card increases the balance by the fast charging commitment amount if the high speed charging flag is in a permitted state, makes the high speed charging flag prohibited, and transmits the high speed charging signature to the terminal. same. If the fast charge flag is in the permit state 102 in the state in which the balance is insufficient during the execution of the payment transaction command between the terminal and the fast charge prepaid card, the fast charge prepaid card responds to 0x9406 (103). The terminal sends an Auto Refill command (107) if the fast charge prepaid card responds to 0x9406 (106). The fast charge prepaid card generates an 8-byte random number and stores it 114 after reviewing the conditions for using the fast charge function (108 to 113). This random number is used for signature verification in the Auto Refill Transfer S command. The fast charging prepaid card increments the transaction serial number 115 and then generates a signature S 116. The signature S is the upper 4 byte signature data encrypted with the charging key 1 after combining the 8 byte random number and the transaction serial number. Thereafter, the fast charge prepaid card generates a K value that is a fast charge signature value (117). The fast charge signature value is the data encrypted with the charge key 2 after combining the transaction serial number, the contract commitment amount, the card serial number, the random number, and the signature S. The fast charging prepaid card converts the fast charging flag into a prohibited state (118), increases the card balance by the fast charging commitment amount (119), and stores the transaction history in the charge transaction history file (120). Finally, the fast charge prepaid card transmits the K value, which is the fast charge signature value, to the terminal (121). This K value must be stored internally for use in the Auto Refill Transfer K command.

3. The terminal periodically transmits the fast charging signature to the charging server 31 of the VAN 30-The terminal periodically sends the fast charging signature generated by the fast recharging command (Auto Refill) to the charging server of the corresponding VAN. .

4. Delivering the fast charge signature collected in the charging server of the VAN to the financial institution 40-The fast charge signature collected for each terminal is stored in the charging server. The fast charging signature thus stored is transmitted to the financial institution.

5. The financial institution generates a fast charging permission list based on the fast charging signature and internal customer data, and then sends it to the charging server of the VAN.-After verifying the fast charging signature transmitted to the VAN, the fast charging permission list is generated. The method of generating the fast charge permission list is shown in FIG. 3. The VAN transfers the collected fast charge signature value to the financial institution (160). The financial institution repeats the following operations for all fast charging signature values received. First, the fast charge signature value is decoded with the charging key 2 (162) to extract the transaction serial number, the charge commitment amount, the card serial number, the random number, and the signature S. The extracted random number and the card serial number are encrypted with the charging key 1 to obtain a signature value of the upper 4 bytes. (163) If the signature value and the extracted signature value S are the same (164), the bank account associated with the card serial number is applied. The amount of the fast charge commitment is subtracted 169. The bank decides whether to create a fast-charging list based on the account balance, individual credit information, and internal bank policies. The fast charge permission list is composed of a pair of signature and card serial number (171). The signature is a high-order four-byte signature value 170 that is encrypted with the charging key 2 after combining the extracted random number and the card serial number.

6. VAN's charging server transmits high-speed charging permission list to terminals of each office.

7. If the fast charging flag of the fast charging prepaid smart card is prohibited, the terminal transmits an Auto Refill Transfer S command which is a fast charging flag permission command. -The fast charge prepaid smart card verifies the fast charge permission list received from the terminal and converts the fast charge flag to the permit state. An implementation method of the Auto Refill Transfer S command is illustrated in FIG. 4. The terminal transmits the View Auto Flag command to the fast charging prepaid card (130). The fast charge prepaid card transmits the state information and the card serial number of the fast charge flag to the terminal (131). If the fast charging flag is prohibited (132), the terminal searches for the fast charging permission list stored inside and transmits the signature value of the fast charging permission list having the same card serial number with the Auto Refill Transfer S command (134). . The automatic charging prepaid card first examines the conditions for executing the command (135 to 142). If all the conditions are satisfied, the signature value of the upper 4 bytes encrypted with the charging key 2 is obtained by combining the random number stored in the fast charging prepaid card and the card serial number. (144) This signature value and the signature transmitted from the terminal. If the values match (145), the fast charging flag is converted (146) to the allowed state and the signature verification attempt count is changed to 5 (147). If the signatures do not match (149), the number of signature verification attempts is reduced by one (150), and then the remaining verification attempts are transmitted to the terminal (151). If five signature verification fails, the fast charging function of the fast charging prepaid smart card is prohibited. The prohibited fast charge function is re-enabled upon successful execution of the Auto Refill Unblock command.

Receives the fast charge approval value of the corresponding fast charging prepaid card from the relevant financial institution or VAN at the PC 50 capable of communication, and grants the fast charge flag of the fast charging prepaid card when executing the Auto Refill Transfer S command to the dummy terminal. Can be changed to

The overall structure of the UPS prepaid smart card is shown in FIG. Now, the prepaid smart card incorporating the micro charging circuit 220 is called a UPS prepaid smart card 200.

Most smart cards use EEPROM as a data storage medium. EEPROMs typically take 70ms to read and rewrite data, compared to 70ns. Recently, FRAM is also used as a data storage medium of a smart card. FRAM is a nonvolatile memory implemented using the ferroelectric polarization reversal principle, which significantly improves the write speed and the write count compared to FLASH or EEPROM memory. The time for FRAM to read and write data is 180ns. However, FRAM is relatively expensive compared to EEPROM. In general, SRAM has 12ns read and write time, which is 10 times faster than FRAM. However, SRAM is volatile memory, which is not suitable for data storage. 12 shows, for each memory, the time required to read and write data in units of Word. As shown in FIG. 12, the SRAM has a faster data read / write rate than the FRAM. Therefore, if you temporarily store the data to be stored in the EEPROM in the SRAM during transaction processing and transfer all the temporary storage data in the SRAM area to the EEPROM with the charged power after all transactions are completed, the transaction processing speed is faster than the prepaid smart card using the FRAM. Stable writing is also possible by securing the power required to write the EEPROM.

Depending on the type of electronic money, the payment processing time between the payment SAM and the prepaid smart card is slightly different, but it is about 0.5 seconds even if it requires fast payment processing such as the Korea Highway Corporation's Touch-And-Go electronic payment system. Takes. Transaction flow and time required for each processing procedure thereof are described in detail in FIG. 9. In FIG. 9, when the payment processing transaction flow with the payment SAM is analyzed in detail, data writing operations are mostly generated at the end of the transaction processing, and data to be stored also varies depending on the type of electronic money. The program code of the card operating system that performs payment processing can be divided into payment SAM and interdependent code parts and internally processable code parts. For example, the recording of a transaction log or the updating of certain variables are the pieces of code that are processed internally. The card operating system of the UPS prepaid smart card concentrates the codes that do not affect transactions with the payment SAM. Since these codes can be executed by only the charged power source, the completion of payment processing of the UPS prepaid smart card is the point of executing the code part that is interdependent with the payment SAM.

In order to have faster processing speed and stability than prepaid smart card using FRAM even though EEPROM is used as a storage medium, a micro charging device having a charging capacity for 0.2 seconds of system operation is inserted into a prepaid smart card. This charging device is charged by the induced current of the RF terminal during the transaction with the payment SAM.

The key to UPS prepaid smart card is to secure about 0.2 seconds of drive power with about 0.3 seconds of charging time. Basically, the current consumption of smart card is 15 to 30mA at 5V. Converting this to 0.2 seconds of capacitance, it is 0.015 to 0.03 (F). Based on this, the charging device used for the UPS prepaid smart card has a height of 0.8mm and should be able to secure a capacitance of 0.03 (F) with a 0.3 second charging time. EDLC (Electric Double Layer Capacitor), called Supercap, is an electrical energy storage device that has electrochemical characteristics that do not contain chemical reactions.It has high charge / discharge efficiency (85 ~ 95%) and charge / discharge rate (0.03). 0.3 seconds (F) is fast, and has a long life cycle of over 500,000 cycles of charging and discharging, which makes it a very suitable charging device for UPS prepaid smart cards.

UPS prepaid smart cards should be implemented slightly differently from the card operating system of existing prepaid smart cards. This is due to the characteristics of using the charging device, to improve the transaction processing speed of the prepaid smart card, and to improve the reliability.

The UPS prepaid smart card is charged at the same time that power is supplied from the terminal. The UPS prepaid smart card notifies the card operating system promptly by using the charged power when the power is cut and generating a power interruption interrupt. The card operating system reviews the charge capacity and current transaction progress at the time of the interrupt. It is desirable to configure the card operating system so that the charging capacity and the transaction progress rate are calculated on the basis of the progress of the card operating system. If a power down interrupt occurs while executing payment SAM and interdependent code, the card operating system can maximize reliability by performing appropriate emergency tasks according to the charging progress. This addresses the rollback of existing prepaid smart cards and simplifies exceptions to the card operating system.

If the UPS prepaid smart card is re-powered from the terminal before EDLC discharge after the connection with the terminal is lost when the payment SAM and interdependent code are not completed, the UPS prepaid smart card is interrupted by generating a power connection interruption. Since the transaction can be resumed, it is possible to flexibly cope with the unsafe power supply of the terminal and the interruption of the transaction with the terminal due to the user's carelessness.

In the UPS prepaid smart card implementation diagram of FIG. 5, a charging portion is implemented using a separate antenna 240 to charge the EDLC 222. The charging circuit is composed of a lector 223, an EDLC 222, and a control circuit 221. The rectenna is a combination of an antenna and a rectifier and converts microwaves directly into direct current power. 6 is a basic circuit diagram of a rectenna. The control circuit is composed of a portion for supplying the power charged in the EDLC to the COB 210 and a circuit for generating a power interruption interrupt. Shutdown interrupts can be easily implemented by the charge / discharge characteristics of EDLCs. Two power lines and one interrupt line 250 are connected between the COB and the charging circuit. The control circuit immediately supplies power to the COB at the time of power off, generates a power interrupt, and notifies the card operating system to execute the power interrupt interrupt service routine. If the power is turned back on within a limited time, the card operating system continues processing at the point where it stopped, and the charging circuit resumes charging.

For the UPS prepaid smart card, the COB must support external interrupt for power interruption, the power of the charging circuit must be available when the power is interrupted, the interrupt must be generated inside the COB when the power is reconnected, and the operation of the charging circuit It should be possible to detect an incapacity condition.

7 is a flow of processing and charge generation of a TYPE B card complying with the ISO-14443 standard. In the charging area, except for the active time, the time is very short. In fact, it is only a few tens of ms. Most charges occur in the ACTIVE state. Since the payment transaction usually takes 0.5 seconds, if the charging time is calculated as 0.3 seconds, a driving time of 0.2 seconds can be obtained.

UPS prepaid smart cards can be divided into three areas depending on the charge level. It can be divided into areas that do not have the minimum charging power required for smart card operation, areas where emergency power can be processed when the power is cut off, and areas that can be processed by its own power without the help of payment SAM. The first area is about 200ms after the start of charging. In this area, the power required for minimum operation of UPS prepaid smart card should be composed of codes that do not cause any problem even if the power is cut off. The next area is after about 200ms and before the last command of the interdependent code with the payment SAM, if the power is cut off, the power interrupt is generated by the charging circuit and the card operating system executes the interrupt service routine. The card operating system should check the charging circuit for failure as soon as it enters this area. If the charging circuit fails, the system must be switched to non-charging mode or aborted to ensure the security and reliability of the system. What is done in this area when the power is turned off is to check for resupply within a limited time after taking emergency measures for critical data that may affect the reliability of the system. If the power is re-supplied within a limited time, the UPS prepaid smart card must resume trading from where it left off. The final area is the one that can be processed without the help of payment SAM, and it can be regarded that all transactions are completed at the beginning of this area. It is an area that is not included in the transaction time because it is an area that performs only the remaining work with the charged power. The most important thing in this area is to move the data in SRAM to EEPROM. In order to do this, a transfer map table is constructed in SRAM. The transfer map table is composed of the EEPROM start address of the data to be moved, the number of moving data, and moving data, as shown in FIG. Of the three areas of the UPS prepaid smart card, the second and third areas are software divisions, so they are not separated in hardware. Therefore, the hardware is divided into two areas according to the degree of charge of the EDLC. This division can be determined as the reference voltage level of the power supply, and is preferably implemented using the electrical characteristics of the COB port. The first area of the divided areas is a non-charged area, and the second area is a charging area. When the total transaction time is viewed as 500mS, the time zones of each region are shown in FIG. 8. The unfilled region is a region determined by the EDLC charging characteristic value. The result of the card operating system's implementation in this area is entirely up to the card operating system developer. However, when analyzing the current transaction with payment SAM, there is hardly any code that can affect the reliability within 200ms after charging. The transition from the non-charging area to the charging area is the area where EDLC has secured the minimum power required to operate the UPS prepaid smart card. If a power interrupt occurs in this area, the interrupt service routine can be executed to execute emergency handling code.

To summarize the features of the card operating system of the UPS prepaid smart card:

1. The program code of the card operating system shall be divided into payment SAM and interdependent code and non-interdependent code.

2. The program code of the card operating system should be prepared by dividing the charging area program code and the non-charging area program code.

3. Data to be stored in EEPROM during transaction with payment SAM must be stored in the transfer map table of SRAM.

4. If the card operating system is disconnected from the terminal during the payment SAM transaction, the card operating system should execute the interrupt interrupt service routine.

5. The card operating system must execute the power connection interrupt service routine if power is re-supplied from the terminal before discharging the EDLC.

6. In order to secure the security and reliability of the system, the card operating system should have program code to check whether the charging circuit is abnormal when entering the charging area.

7. After the transaction with the payment SAM is completed, the card operating system should move the data in the SRAM's transfer map table to the EEPROM.

High-speed offline automatic charging UPS prepaid smart card configured as described above has the following advantages over the existing prepaid smart card.

1. It is possible to cope with postpaid smart card because it does not need the money charging process.

2. The entire charging process can be completed offline in about 10 milliseconds.

3. Improved processing speed of 30% or more in transactions with payment SAM.

4. Even if EEPROM memory is used, it has more performance and stability than FRAM.

5. Provide complete system reliability in transactions with payment SAM.

Claims (5)

In the high-speed offline automatic charging system overall flow diagram of Figure 1 1. signing a fast charging agreement; 2. using the fast charging function; 3. The terminal periodically sends a fast charging signature to the charging server of the VAN; 4. Delivering the fast charge signature collected to the charging server of the VAN to the financial institution; 5. The financial institution generates a fast charging permission list based on the fast charging signature and internal customer data and transmits it to the charging server of the VAN; 6. The charging server of the VAN step of transmitting a fast charge permission list to the terminal of each office; 7. The terminal, if the fast charge flag of the fast charge prepaid smart card is prohibited, transmitting a fast charge flag permission command; Operation method associated with high-speed offline automatic charging using a high-speed charging prepaid smart card comprising the step Prepaid smart card having the high-speed charging data of FIG. 10 and the high-speed charging instruction of FIG. 11 for use in a high-speed offline automatic charging system. In order to improve the transaction processing speed between the prepaid smart card and the payment SAM and to implement a card operating system that can improve the reliability and stability of the prepaid smart card, a prepaid smart card with a built-in minimal charging device as shown in FIG. The charging circuit of claim 3 implemented by ANTENA2, a control circuit, an EDLC, and a rectenna. Prepaid smart card with integrated charging circuit while supporting fast charging function by combining claim 2 and claim 3