KR20040043324A - steel for bearing and heat treatment method thereof - Google Patents

steel for bearing and heat treatment method thereof Download PDF

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KR20040043324A
KR20040043324A KR1020020071555A KR20020071555A KR20040043324A KR 20040043324 A KR20040043324 A KR 20040043324A KR 1020020071555 A KR1020020071555 A KR 1020020071555A KR 20020071555 A KR20020071555 A KR 20020071555A KR 20040043324 A KR20040043324 A KR 20040043324A
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South Korea
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bearing
quenching
carburizing
steel
heat treatment
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KR1020020071555A
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Korean (ko)
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송복한
이재성
정병진
박창남
유선준
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에프에이지베어링코리아유한회사
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Priority to KR1020020071555A priority Critical patent/KR20040043324A/en
Publication of KR20040043324A publication Critical patent/KR20040043324A/en

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/24Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C21D1/19Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering by interrupted quenching
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium

Abstract

PURPOSE: A steel product for bearing is provided which improves durable performance and load power under normal lubricating conditions and alien substance and heating environments considering operating environment of bearing operated under large load conditions and poor environment, and a method for heat treating the same is provided. CONSTITUTION: The method for heat treating a steel product for bearing comprises a carbonizing process (S11) of carburizing the steel product for bearing at a temperature of 930 to 970 deg.C at a decarburizing gas atmosphere having carbon potential of 0.9 to 1.2% for a certain period of time according to hardening depth by injecting a steel product for bearing containing 0.27 to 0.33 wt.% of C, 0.30 to 0.60 wt.% of Si, 0.90 to 1.30 wt.% of Mn, 1.0 to 1.30 wt.% of Cr, 0.10 to 0.30 wt.% of V, 200 to 400 ppm of Al, 100 to 200 ppm of N and a balance of Fe into a heat treatment furnace; a carbonitriding process (S12) of carbonizing and nitriding the steel product for bearing at a temperature of 870 to 910 deg.C for 2 to 5 hours by additionally injecting 2 to 5 vol.% of ammonia gas into carburizing gas of the decarburizing gas atmosphere (carbon potential of 0.9 to 1.2%) of the carbonizing process; first quenching process (S13) of first quenching the steel product for bearing by rapidly cooling the steel product for bearing from the temperature of 870 to 910 deg.C of the carbonitriding process; second quenching process (S14) of second quenching the steel product for bearing by rapidly cooling the heated steel product for bearing after heating the first quenched steel product for bearing to a temperature of 830 to 860 deg.C in a heat treatment furnace having carbon potential of 0.6 to 1.0%; and a tempering process (S15) of slowly cooling the heated steel product for bearing after heating the second quenched steel product for bearing to a temperature of 160 to 220 deg.C in the heat treatment furnace.

Description

베어링용 강재 및 그 열처리 방법{steel for bearing and heat treatment method thereof}Steel for bearings and heat treatment method thereof

본 발명은 베어링용 강재 및 그 열처리 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a steel for bearings and a heat treatment method thereof.

자동차의 변속기 및 바퀴, 철강기계의 압연 로울, 건설기계 등 내충격성이 요구되고 높은 하중에서 작동되는 베어링에 사용되는 강재는 대부분 0.2 중량% 전후의 탄소(C)에 망간(Mn), 크롬(Cr), 니켈(Ni), 몰리브덴(Mo) 등 합금원소를 약간 함유한 저탄소 저합금강을 침탄 및 담금질하여 표면에 높은 경도(HRC 58 ~ 64)를 유지하고 중심부일수록 경도를 낮게 하여 재료파단에 대한 인성을 높인 것이다.Most steels used for bearings that require high impact resistance, such as transmissions and wheels of automobiles, rolling rolls of steel machinery, and construction machinery, are mostly manganese (Mn) and chromium (Cr) in about 0.2% by weight of carbon (C). ) Carburizing and quenching low carbon low alloy steel containing some alloying elements such as nickel, molybdenum (Mo), etc. to maintain high hardness (HRC 58 ~ 64) on the surface and lower hardness at the center, toughness to material breakage Will be raised.

한편, 상기 기계들에 사용되는 베어링에는 도1에 도시한 바와 같이 열악한 작동환경에서 철계 마모분 및 파편, 모래 등의 이물 입자들이 전동체(2)의 전동면을 따라 유입됨에 따라 내, 외륜(4)의 궤도표면이 찍히어 손상부(6)가 생긴다. 이러한 손상부의 가장자리(6a, 6b)에는 그래프에 도시한 바와 같이 응력이 집중되어 이를 기점으로 베어링이 조기 파손되고, 베어링의 수명은 청정윤활상태를 기준으로 하는 카타로그의 보증수명보다 훨씬 짧아지게 된다.On the other hand, the bearings used in the machines as shown in Figure 1 in the poor operating environment, as the iron-based wear particles and debris, such as sand, foreign particles are introduced along the raceway of the rolling element 2, the inner, outer ring (4) The track surface of) is stamped to produce a damaged portion (6). As shown in the graph, the stress is concentrated on the edges 6a and 6b of the damaged part, and the bearings are prematurely damaged from the starting point, and the life of the bearings is much shorter than the warranty life of the catalog based on the clean lubrication state.

이물환경에 대한 베어링의 내구성을 증가시키기 위해서 베어링용 강재의 표면에 종래에는 SCr420H, SNCM420H 등의 침탄강재를 사용하여 이 침탄강재의 표면에 잔류 오스테나이트를 증가시켜 사용하여 왔다. 잔류 오스테나이트는 이물에 의한 손상발생시 손상부(6)의 가장자리(6a)의 곡률반경(r)를 증가시키거나 손상부(6)의 돌출된 가장자리(6b)의 돌출높이(h)를 원만히 자기수정할 수 있도록 하여 응력집중을 줄인다. 잔류 오스테나이트를 증가시키기 위해서는 담금질 전 침탄 또는 침탄질화 등을 통해 마르텐사이트 변태온도를 크게 강하시키는 탄소(C)나 질소(N)를 베어링용 강재의 표면에 증가시켜야 한다.In order to increase the durability of the bearing against the foreign body environment, a carburized steel such as SCr420H and SNCM420H has been conventionally used on the surface of the bearing steel to increase the residual austenite on the surface of the carburized steel. Residual austenite increases the curvature radius r of the edge 6a of the damaged part 6 or damages the projected height h of the protruding edge 6b of the damaged part 6 when damage caused by foreign matter occurs. Allow for correction to reduce stress concentration. In order to increase the residual austenite, carbon (C) or nitrogen (N), which greatly lowers the martensite transformation temperature through carburizing or carburizing and nitriding, must be increased on the surface of the bearing steel.

한편, 베어링용 강재의 표면에 잔류 오스테나이트 량이 증가되면 이물저항성은 향상되지만 표면경도의 저하로 인해 내하중 능력이 감소되어 청정환경의 내구성이 저하하므로 적절한 침탄 또는 침탄질화 열처리를 해야 한다.On the other hand, when the amount of retained austenite on the surface of the bearing steel is increased, the foreign body resistance is improved, but the load capacity is reduced due to the decrease in the surface hardness, and thus the durability of the clean environment is reduced.

본 발명은 큰 부하조건과 열악한 환경에서 작동되는 베어링의 작동환경을 고려하여 정상 윤활조건은 물론 이물환경 및 발열환경에서 내구성능 및 부하능을 개선시키는 베어링용 강재 및 이 베어링 강재의 열처리 방법을 제공하는 것을 그 목적으로 한다.The present invention provides a bearing steel and a heat treatment method for the bearing steel to improve the durability and load performance in the foreign lubrication conditions as well as foreign lubrication conditions and heat generation environment in consideration of the operating environment of the bearing operating in a large load condition and poor environment It is for that purpose.

도1은 이물에 의한 베어링의 손상 및 응력집중상태를 나타내는 개략도 및 그래프,1 is a schematic diagram and a graph showing the damage and stress concentration state of the bearing by foreign matter,

도2는 종래 탄소 농도별 침탄재의 탄소 농도 분포를 나타내는 그래프,Figure 2 is a graph showing the carbon concentration distribution of the carburizing material according to the conventional carbon concentration,

도3은 본 발명의 베어링용 강재의 열처리에 대한 일실시예를 나타내는 열처리 공정도,Figure 3 is a heat treatment process diagram showing an embodiment of the heat treatment of the bearing steel of the present invention,

도4는 본 발명의 베어링용 강재의 열처리에 대한 다른 실시예를 나타내는 열처리 공정도,4 is a heat treatment process diagram showing another embodiment of the heat treatment of the bearing steel of the present invention,

도5a 및 도5b는 본 발명에 따라 열처리한 베어링용 강재와 표준 침탄재의 구름피로수명시험 결과를 나타내는 그래프5a and 5b are graphs showing the rolling fatigue life test results of the bearing steel and the standard carburized material heat-treated according to the present invention

도6은 본 발명에 따라 열처리한 베어링용 강재와 표준 침탄재의 뜨임온도에 따른 표면경도의 변화를 나타내는 그래프이다.Figure 6 is a graph showing the change of the surface hardness according to the tempering temperature of the steel for bearings and the standard carburized material heat-treated according to the present invention.

상기 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 베어링용 강재는, 철(Fe)에, 탄소(C) 0.27 ~0.33 중량%, 규소(Si) 0.30 ~ 0.60 중량%, 망간(Mn) 0.90 ~ 1.30중량%, 크롬(Cr) 1.0 ~ 1.30 중량%, 바나듐(V) 0.10 ~ 0.30 중량%, 알루미늄(Al) 200 ~ 400 ppm, 질소(N) 100 ~ 200 ppm 이 함유된 것을 특징으로 한다.Steel for bearings of the present invention for achieving the above object, in the iron (Fe), carbon (C) 0.27 ~ 0.33% by weight, silicon (Si) 0.30 ~ 0.60% by weight, manganese (Mn) 0.90 ~ 1.30% by weight, 1.0 to 1.30 wt% of chromium (Cr), 0.10 to 0.30 wt% of vanadium (V), 200 to 400 ppm of aluminum (Al), and nitrogen to 100 to 200 ppm.

상기 베어링용 강재에는 40ppm 이하의 티타늄(Ti)과, 15 ppm 이하의 산소(O)를 함유할 수도 있다.The bearing steel may contain 40 ppm or less of titanium (Ti) and 15 ppm or less of oxygen (O).

본 발명의 베어링용 강재의 열처리 방법은, 상기 베어링용 강재를 열처리로내에 투입하여 930 ~ 970℃의 온도로 탄소 포텐셜 0.9 ~ 1.2 %의 침탄가스 분위기에서 경화깊이에 따라 소정시간동안 침탄하는 침탄공정과, 상기 침탄공정의 침탄가스 분위기(탄소 포텐셜 0.9 ~ 1.2 %)의 침탄가스에 대해 2 ~ 5 볼륨 %의 암모니아 가스를 추가로 투입하여 870 ~ 910℃의 온도로 2~5시간 동안 침탄 및 질화하는 침탄질화공정과, 상기 침탄질화공정의 870 ~ 910℃에서 급냉하여 1차로 담금질하는 1차담금질공정과, 1차로 담금질된 상기 베어링용 강재를 탄소 포텐셜 0.6 ~ 1.0 %의 열처리로에서 830 ~ 860℃로 가열하여 급냉하여 2차로 담금질하는 2차 담금질공정과, 2차로 담금질된 상기 베어링용 강재를 열처리로에서 160 ~ 220℃로 가열하여 서냉하는 뜨임공정으로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 한다.In the heat treatment method of the bearing steel of the present invention, the carburizing step of injecting the bearing steel into a heat treatment furnace for carburizing for a predetermined time depending on the depth of hardening in a carburizing gas atmosphere of carbon potential 0.9 ~ 1.2% at a temperature of 930 ~ 970 ℃ And ammonia gas of 2 to 5% by volume is added to the carburizing gas in the carburizing gas atmosphere (carbon potential 0.9 to 1.2%) of the carburizing process, and carburizing and nitriding for 2 to 5 hours at a temperature of 870 to 910 ° C. The carburizing nitriding process, the first quenching process of quenching at 870 ~ 910 ℃ of the carburizing nitriding process and the first quenching, and the first quenched steel for bearing bearing 830 ~ 860 Secondary quenching process of quenching by quenching by heating to 2 ℃ and secondary tempering process, and tempering process of heating the secondary steel quenched to 160 ~ 220 ℃ in a heat treatment furnace to slow cooling It shall be.

상기 베어링용 강재를 열처리로내에 투입하여 930 ~ 970℃의 온도로 탄소 포텐셜 0.9 ~ 1.2 %의 침탄가스 분위기에서 경화깊이에 따라 소정시간동안 침탄하는 침탄공정과, 상기 침탄공정의 노내온도를 870 ~ 900℃로 유지한 후 급냉하여 1차로 담금질하는 1차 담금질공정과, 1차로 담금질된 상기 베어링용 강재를 탄소 포텐셜 0.9 ~ 1.1 %의 침탄가스와 이 침탄가스에 대해 2 ~ 5 볼륨 %의 암모니아 가스 분위기에서 830 ~ 860℃의 온도로 2~5시간 동안 침탄 및 질화하는 침탄질화공정과, 상기 침탄질화공정의 온도에서 급냉하여 2차로 담금질하는 2차 담금질공정과, 2차로 담금질된 상기 베어링용 강재를 열처리로에서 160 ~ 220℃로 가열하여 서냉하는 뜨임공정으로 열처리하여도 된다.The carburizing step of inserting the bearing steel into the heat treatment furnace and carburizing the carbon steel at a temperature of 930 to 970 ° C. in a carburizing gas atmosphere having a carbon potential of 0.9 to 1.2% for a predetermined time, and the furnace temperature of the carburizing process is 870 to The first quenching process of quenching and then quenching first after maintaining at 900 ℃, carburizing gas of 0.9 ~ 1.1% carbon potential and ammonia gas of 2 to 5% by volume of the carburizing gas Carburizing and nitriding process for carburizing and nitriding for 2 to 5 hours at a temperature of 830 ~ 860 ℃, secondary quenching process to quench at the temperature of the carburizing nitriding process to quench second, and the second steel quenching It may be heat-treated in a tempering step of heating to 160 ~ 220 ℃ in a heat treatment furnace to slow cooling.

이하, 본 발명에 대하여 첨부도면을 참조하여 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

본 발명의 베어링용 강재는, 철(Fe)에, 탄소(C) 0.27 ~0.33 중량%, 규소(Si) 0.30 ~ 0.60 중량%, 망간(Mn) 0.90 ~ 1.30중량%, 크롬(Cr) 1.0 ~ 1.30 중량%, 바나듐(V) 0.10 ~ 0.30 중량%, 알루미늄(Al) 200 ~ 400 ppm, 질소(N) 100 ~ 200 ppm 이 함유된다. 상기 베어링용 강재에는 40ppm 이하의 티타늄(Ti)과, 15 ppm 이하의 산소(O), 기타 불가피한 불순물이 포함될 수도 있다.The steel for bearings of the present invention is 0.27 to 0.33% by weight of carbon (C), 0.30 to 0.60% by weight of silicon (Si), 0.90 to 1.30% by weight of manganese (Mn), and chromium (Cr) 1.0 to 1.30% by weight, vanadium (V) 0.10 to 0.30% by weight, aluminum (Al) 200-400 ppm, nitrogen (N) 100-200 ppm. The bearing steel may include 40 ppm or less of titanium (Ti), 15 ppm or less of oxygen (O), or other unavoidable impurities.

기계구조용 침탄강은 전형적으로 기지탄소농도 0.2 중량% 정도의 것이 대부분 사용되어 왔다. 기지 탄소농도가 높아지면 침탄 질화시에 일정한 유효경화깊이를 얻는데 필요한 시간이 짧아지는데, 기지 탄소농도가 0.1 중량% 증가하면 침탄에 소요되는 시간이 대략 25% 줄어든다. 또한 기지 탄소농도가 높아지면 담금질시 단면 전체에 걸쳐 변태응력이 줄어들어 열처리 변형이 줄어든다는 잇점이 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 기지 탄소농도가 높은 강을 사용할 시 부품의 중심경도가 높아져 재료파단에 대한 인성이 저하되고, 표면과 중심의 탄소농도 차이가 줄어들어 침탄 표층의 압축잔류응력이 감소되고 피로성능이 저하된다는 선입견에 따라 침탄용으로 기지 탄소농도가 0.3 중량% 이상의 중탄소강의 사용을 꺼려 왔다.Mechanically structured carburized steels typically have a known carbon concentration of about 0.2% by weight. Increasing the known carbon concentration shortens the time required to obtain a constant effective hardening depth during carburizing nitriding. An increase of 0.1 wt% of the known carbon concentration reduces the time required for carburizing by approximately 25%. In addition, when the known carbon concentration is increased, the transformation stress is reduced throughout the cross section during quenching, thereby reducing the heat treatment deformation. Nevertheless, when the steel with high known carbon concentration is used, the center hardness of parts is increased, so the toughness of material breakdown is reduced, and the difference in surface and center carbon concentration is reduced, which reduces the compressive residual stress of the carburized surface layer and the fatigue performance. Preconceived notions have been hesitant to use medium carbon steels with a known carbon concentration of more than 0.3% by weight for carburization.

한편, 본 출원의 발명자는 기지 탄소농도가 베어링 재료의 구름피로수명이나 단면을 가로지르는 파단에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과, 기지 탄소농도가 0.3 중량% 정도에서는 이들 성능에 열화요인이 없음을 확인할 수 있었다. 도2 및 표1은 기지 탄소농도가 각각 0.2 중량%, 0.3 중량%, 0.4 중량%로 다르지만 나머지 합금함량은 비슷한 KS SCr420H, SCr430H 및 SCr440H의 강재를 침탄 담금질하여 열처리 특성 및 그 성능을 비교한 결과이다. 표1에서 SCr430H* 는 SCr430H 의 침탄 담금질 후 840℃에서 재가열하여 2차 담금질을 실시한 것이다.On the other hand, the inventors of the present application examined the effect of the known carbon concentration on the rolling fatigue life of the bearing material or the fracture across the cross section, and found that the known carbon concentration was not deteriorated in these performances at about 0.3% by weight. . Figure 2 and Table 1 shows the results of comparing the heat treatment characteristics and their performances by carburizing and quenching the steels of KS SCr420H, SCr430H and SCr440H, which have different known carbon concentrations of 0.2 wt%, 0.3 wt%, and 0.4 wt%, respectively. to be. In Table 1, SCr430H * was subjected to secondary quenching by reheating at 840 ° C. after carburizing quenching of SCr430H.

[표 1]TABLE 1

도2에 도시한 바와 같이 SCr430H 강재(기지 탄소농도 0.3 중량% 정도)는 표면으로부터 비교적 상당한 깊이까지 SCr420H 강재(기지 탄소농도 0.2 중량% 정도)와 비슷한 탄소농도 분포를 유지시킬 수 있음을 알 수 있다. 이 경우 표1에 표시한 바와 같이 SCr430H 강재는, 표면부의 경도 및 잔류 오스테나이트량 뿐만 아니라 압축 잔류응력의 크기도 SCr420H 강재와 비슷하게 나타남을 알 수 있으며, SCr420H 강재에 비하여 구름접촉피로수명, 압쇄하중 및 반복 굽힘피로수명도 뒤지지 않음을 알 수 있다. 재료내의 탄소분포에 따른 임의 위치에서의 잔류응력은 전체 단면에 걸친 넓은 범위의 탄소농도의 영향보다는 인접한 제한 범위내의 탄소농도 및 기울기에 의존하는 것으로 판단된다. 그리고, SCr440H 강재(기지 탄소농도 0.4 중량 % 정도)는 그 피로수명이 열세한 편으로 이는 표면으로부터 충분한 깊이까지 유사한 탄소농도 기울기가 유지될 수 없었기 때문으로 판단된다.As shown in FIG. 2, it can be seen that the SCr430H steel (about 0.3 wt% of the base carbon concentration) can maintain a carbon concentration similar to that of the SCr420H steel (about 0.2 wt% of the base carbon concentration) to a relatively significant depth from the surface. . In this case, as shown in Table 1, the SCr430H steels, as well as the hardness of the surface portion and the amount of retained austenite, also show that the magnitude of the compressive residual stress is similar to that of the SCr420H steels. And it can be seen that the repeated bending fatigue life is also inferior. The residual stress at any location due to the carbon distribution in the material is believed to depend on the carbon concentration and slope within adjacent limits rather than on the effect of a wide range of carbon concentrations across the entire cross section. In addition, the SCr440H steel (base carbon concentration of about 0.4% by weight) is inferior in fatigue life, which is considered to be because a similar carbon concentration gradient could not be maintained from the surface to a sufficient depth.

따라서, 기지 탄소농도 0.3 중량% 근처의 중탄소강재는 표층의 탄소분포를 비교적 깊은 거리까지 표준 침탄강재(기지 탄소농도 0.2 중량% 정도)와 비슷하게 유지시킬 수 있으므로 표층의 경도, 잔류 오스테나이트량뿐만 아니라 압축잔류응력도 비슷한 크기로 얻을 수 있게 되어, 재료 파단을 유발하는 경화층 내의 임계균열의 발생이나 구름피로현상에 대해서도 같은 정도의 억지력을 부여할 수 있다.Therefore, medium carbon steels with a known carbon concentration of 0.3% by weight can keep the surface carbon distribution similar to standard carburized steels (about 0.2% by weight of carbon) at a relatively deep distance, so that not only the surface hardness and residual austenite Compressive residual stress can be obtained in a similar size, and the same degree of deterrent can be given to the occurrence of critical cracks and rolling fatigue in the hardened layer causing material breakage.

본 발명의 베어링용 강재에서 기지 탄소농도를 0.33 중량% 이하로 한 것은, 그 이상일 경우에는 표층의 압축잔류응력의 감소가 예상될 뿐만 아니라 열처리 후에 중심부와 물리적 특성이 구별되는 침탄층의 깊이를 충분히 확보할 수 없으며 또한 높은 경화능으로 인해 베어링의 열간 단조 후에 공냉된 단조링의 경도가 지나치게 높아 이후 절삭가공이 곤란해지기 때문이다. 이러한 점들을 고려하여 본 발명의 베어링용 강재의 탄소농도 범위는 0.27 ~ 0.33 중량%로 하는 것이 바람직한 것이다.In the bearing steel of the present invention, the known carbon concentration of 0.33% by weight or less is not only expected to reduce the compressive residual stress at the surface layer, but also to sufficiently reduce the depth of the carburized layer where the center and physical properties are distinguished after heat treatment. This is because the hardness of the air-cooled forged ring is too high after the hot forging of the bearing due to high hardenability, which makes it difficult to cut afterwards. Considering these points, the carbon concentration range of the bearing steel of the present invention is preferably 0.27 to 0.33% by weight.

본 발명의 베어링용 강재에 함유된 규소(Si)는, 뜨임저항(temper resistance) 원소로서 침탄질화과정에서 확산되는 질소와 함께 고온 환경에서 베어링의 작동 또는 발열에 대한 경도저하를 억제하게 되는데, 그 함유 농도가 0.3 중량% 이하에서는 큰 효과가 없으며, 그 함유 농도가 0.6 중량% 이상에서는 강재 중에 실리케이트계 개재물이 증가되므로, 그 함유 농도는 0.30 ~ 0.60 중량%인 것이 바람직하다.Silicon (Si) contained in the bearing steel of the present invention, as a temper resistance element, together with nitrogen diffused during carburizing and nitriding, suppresses the decrease in hardness against the operation or heat generation of the bearing in a high temperature environment. If the content concentration is 0.3% by weight or less, there is no significant effect. If the content concentration is 0.6% by weight or more, the silicate inclusions are increased in the steel, so the content concentration is preferably 0.30 to 0.60% by weight.

본 발명의 베어링용 강재에 함유된 망간(Mn)은, 크롬(Cr)과 함께 경화능 향상 원소로 대형 베어링에도 충분한 담금질 성능을 부여하기 위해 그 함유 농도는 0.90 중량%인 것이 바람직한데, 그 함유농도가 1.30 중량%를 넘으면 열간단조후 공냉된 단조링의 경도가 지나치며 담금질 균열에 대한 민감성이 높아지므로, 그 함유 농도는 0.90 ~ 1.30 중량%인 것이 바람직하다.Manganese (Mn) contained in the steel for bearings of the present invention, together with chromium (Cr), is preferably a content of 0.90% by weight in order to give sufficient hardening performance to a large bearing as a hardenability improving element. If the concentration exceeds 1.30% by weight, the hardness of the air-cooled forged ring after hot forging is too high and the sensitivity to quenching cracks is increased. Therefore, the concentration is preferably 0.90 to 1.30% by weight.

본 발명의 베어링용 강재에 함유된 크롬(Cr)은, 강재에 적절한 경화능을 부여하고 후술하는 열처리 공정중 2차 담금질공정의 가열시에 바나듐(V)과 함께 기지에 미세한 탄질화물을 석출시켜 마르텐사이트 조직을 미세화하고 완성품 표면에 잔류 오스테나이트 증가에 따른 경도저하를 효과적으로 방지하여 내마모성을 증가시키는 역할을 하게 되는데, 그 함유농도가 1.0 중량% 이하에서는 조직 미세화나 경도저하를 보상하기 위한 적정량의 탄화물 석출이 어렵고, 그 함유농도가 1.3 중량%이상에서는 침탄 후에 초석 탄화물이 형성되고 후술하는 열처리 공정중 2차 담금질 공정의 가열시에 오스테나이트 입계에 대한 조대한 탄화물이 우선 석출되어 피로수명을 저하시키므로, 그 함유농도는 1.0 ~ 1.3 중량%로 하는 것이 바람직하다.The chromium (Cr) contained in the bearing steel of the present invention imparts appropriate hardening ability to the steel and precipitates fine carbonitrides on the substrate together with vanadium (V) during the heating of the secondary quenching step in the heat treatment step described later. It has a role of increasing wear resistance by miniaturizing martensite structure and effectively preventing hardness decrease due to the increase of residual austenite on the surface of finished product. When the content is less than 1.0% by weight, an appropriate amount to compensate for tissue refinement or hardness decrease is achieved. Carbide precipitation is difficult, and when the concentration is 1.3% by weight or more, supercarbide carbide is formed after carburization, and coarse carbides on the austenite grain boundary are first precipitated during the heating of the second quenching process in the heat treatment process described later to reduce fatigue life. Therefore, it is preferable to make the content concentration into 1.0 to 1.3 weight%.

본 발명의 베어링용 강재에 함유된 바나듐(V)은, 고온에서도 매우 안정하여 침탄시 오스테나이트 결정립의 성장을 억제하며, 크롬(Cr)과 함께 기지에 매우 미세한 탄질화물을 분산시켜 석출경화 효과를 극대화하는 역할을 하는 원소로서, 그 함유농도가 0.1 중량% 이하에서는 그 효과가 거의 없고 고가인 점을 고려하여 그 함유농도는 0.10 ~ 0.30 중량%로 하는 것이 바람직하다.Vanadium (V) contained in the bearing steel of the present invention is very stable even at high temperatures to inhibit the growth of austenite grains during carburization, and disperse very fine carbonitrides at the base together with chromium (Cr) to precipitate precipitation hardening effect. As an element which plays a role of maximizing, the content concentration is preferably 0.10 to 0.30% by weight in consideration of the fact that the content is almost 0.1 wt% or less and expensive.

본 발명의 베어링용 강재에 함유된 알루미늄(Al)과 질소(N)는 강재 중에 미세한 AlN 화합물을 석출하여 열처리시 결정립 성장을 효과적으로 억제할 수 있는 대표적인 원소로, 알루미늄(Al)은 그 함유량이 200 ~ 400 ppm, 질소(N)는 그 함유량이 100 ~ 200 ppm 으로 공지의 침탄강에 함유된 량과 동일하다. 상기 함유량보다 낮으면 결정립 성장의 억제효과가 없으며, 상기 함유량보다 많으면 알루미나 또는 TiN과 같은 개재물이 증가되어 피로수명을 저하시킨다.Aluminum (Al) and nitrogen (N) contained in the bearing steel of the present invention is a representative element that can effectively suppress grain growth during heat treatment by depositing a fine AlN compound in the steel, aluminum (Al) has a content of 200 Nitrogen (N) is ˜400 ppm and its content is 100-200 ppm, which is equivalent to the amount contained in the known carburized steel. If the content is lower than the content, there is no suppression effect of grain growth. If the content is higher than the content, inclusions such as alumina or TiN are increased to reduce fatigue life.

상기한 바와 같은 본 발명의 베어링용 강재는 도3 및 도4에 도시한 바와 같은 열처리공정에 의해, 그 표면에 탄소 및 질소를 증가시켜 다량의 오스테나이트를 잔류시키는 동시에 미세한 탄질화물을 균일하게 석출시킴으로써 오스테나이트 증가에 따른 경도저하를 보상할 수 있다.As described above, the bearing steel of the present invention increases the carbon and nitrogen on the surface of the bearing steel as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, and retains a large amount of austenite and simultaneously deposits fine carbonitrides. By doing so, it is possible to compensate for the decrease in hardness due to the increase of austenite.

도3은 본 발명의 베어링용 강재의 열처리에 대한 일실시예(제1실시예)를 나타내는 열처리 공정도이다. 도시한 바와 같이, 상기 베어링용 강재를 열처리로내에투입하여 930 ~ 970℃의 온도로 탄소 포텐셜 0.9 ~ 1.2 %의 침탄가스 분위기에서 경화깊이에 따라 소정시간동안 침탄한 후(S11), 상기 침탄시의 침탄가스 분위기(탄소 포텐셜 0.9 ~ 1.2 %)의 침탄가스에 대해 2 ~ 5 볼륨 %의 암모니아 가스를 추가로 투입하여 870 ~ 910℃의 온도로 2~5시간 동안 침탄 및 질화한 다음(S12), 상기 침탄 및 질화시의 온도인 870 ~ 910℃에서 급냉하여 1차로 담금질한 후(S13), 1차로 담금질된 상기 베어링용 강재를 탄소 포텐셜 0.6 ~ 1.0 %의 열처리로에서 830 ~ 860℃로 가열하여 급냉하여 2차로 담금질한 후(S14), 2차로 담금질된 상기 베어링용 강재를 열처리로에서 160 ~ 220℃로 가열하여 서냉하는 뜨임공정(S15)을 거치면 열처리가 완료된다.Figure 3 is a heat treatment process diagram showing one embodiment (first embodiment) of the heat treatment of the bearing steel of the present invention. As shown in the drawing, the bearing steel is introduced into a heat treatment furnace and carburized for a predetermined time depending on the depth of hardening in a carburizing gas atmosphere of carbon potential of 0.9 to 1.2% at a temperature of 930 to 970 ° C (S11). Carburizing and nitriding for 2 to 5 hours at a temperature of 870 ~ 910 ℃ by adding an additional 2 ~ 5% by volume of ammonia gas to the carburizing gas in the carburizing gas atmosphere (carbon potential 0.9 ~ 1.2%) of (S12) After quenching at 870 to 910 ° C., the temperature during carburization and nitriding, first quenching (S13), and heating the first quenched bearing steel to 830 to 860 ° C. in a heat treatment furnace having a carbon potential of 0.6 to 1.0%. After quenching and quenching secondary (S14), the heat treatment is completed by passing through the tempering step (S15) of heating the secondary steel quenched in the heat treatment furnace to 160 ~ 220 ℃ in a heat treatment furnace.

상기 침탄가스는 일산화탄소(CO), 이산화탄소(CO2), 메탄가스(CH4), 에탄가스(C2H6), 프로판가스(C3H8)등 다양한 가스가 사용될 수 있다. 그리고, 상기 1차 및 2차 담금질은 기름 또는 염욕 담금질하는 것이 바람직하고, 상기 뜨임공정의 뜨임 지속시간은 30분 ~ 2시간 정도로 하고 공기 중에서 서냉하여 뜨임한다.The carburizing gas may be various gases such as carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), methane gas (CH 4 ), ethane gas (C 2 H 6 ), propane gas (C 3 H 8 ), and the like. The primary and secondary quenchs are preferably quenched by oil or salt bath, and the tempering duration of the tempering process is about 30 minutes to about 2 hours, and is slowly cooled in air to temper.

이와 같은 열처리 방법에 의하면, 베어링용 강재 표면에서, 그 탄소농도가 0.9 ~ 1.2 중량%이고, 탄소와 질소를 합한 농도가 1.2 ~ 1.7 중량%이며, 표면 잔류 오스테나이트량이 25 ~ 50 볼륨(Volume)% 이면서 표면경도가 HRC 61~ 67로 된다.According to this heat treatment method, the carbon concentration is 0.9 to 1.2% by weight on the bearing steel surface, the concentration of carbon and nitrogen is 1.2 to 1.7% by weight, and the amount of surface residual austenite is 25 to 50 volumes. It is% and the surface hardness is HRC 61 ~ 67.

열처리 후에 표면 잔류 오스테나이트량이 25 ~ 50 볼륨(Volume)% 이면서 표면경도가 HRC 61~ 67로 유지되게 하려면, 상기한 바와 같은 2차 담금질을 통한 미세한 탄질화물의 석출경화가 필요하다. 베어링용 강재가 침탄 질화 후에 1차 담금질과 뜨임만으로 마무리된다면 소정의 잔류 오스테나이트를 얻기 위한 강재 표면의 탄소와 질소를 합한 농도가 0.9 ~ 1.2 중량%로 충분하다. 그러나 2차 담금질이 실시되므로 1차 담금질로 과포화된 탄소 및 질소의 상당량이 재가열 과정에서 크롬(Cr) 및 바나듐(V)과 함께 탄질화물로 석출되고 기지내의 고용량은 크게 감소되어 2차 담금질 후에 잔류 오스테나이트 량도 크게 감소된다. 따라서, 2차 담금질 직전에 강재 표면의 탄소와 질소를 합한 농도를 1.2 ~ 1.7 중량%로 높게 유지할 필요가 있는 것이다.In order to maintain the surface hardness at HRC 61-67 while maintaining the surface retained austenite content of 25 to 50% after heat treatment, precipitation hardening of fine carbonitride through secondary quenching as described above is required. If the bearing steel is finished only by primary quenching and tempering after carburizing and nitriding, the concentration of carbon and nitrogen on the surface of the steel to obtain a predetermined residual austenite is sufficient to be 0.9 to 1.2% by weight. However, since the second quenching is carried out, a significant amount of carbon and nitrogen supersaturated with the first quenching precipitates as carbonitrides with chromium (Cr) and vanadium (V) during the reheating process, and the high capacity in the base is greatly reduced to remain after the second quenching. The amount of austenite is also greatly reduced. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain a high concentration of carbon and nitrogen on the surface of the steel just before the second quenching at 1.2 to 1.7 wt%.

여기서, 강재 표면의 탄소농도를 1.2 중량% 이상으로 하게 되면 열처리 분위기의 탄소 포텐셜이 지나쳐서 열처리로의 내부에 그을음이 발생할 가능성이 높아지고, 강재의 침탄층에 입계 탄화물 석출이 조장되어 피로수명이 저하될 수 있다. 따라서, 강재의 표면 탄소농도는 0.9 ~ 1.2 중량%가 되도록 침탄하고, 이후에 침탄가스에 대해 2 ~ 5 볼륨 %의 암모니아 가스를 추가로 투입하여, 2차 담금질 직전에 강재 표면에 탄소와 질소를 합한 농도를 1.2 ~ 1.7 중량%로 하게 되는 것이다.Here, when the carbon concentration of the steel surface is more than 1.2% by weight, the potential of carbon in the heat treatment atmosphere is excessively increased, so that the soot may be generated inside the heat treatment furnace, and the precipitation of grain boundary carbide in the carburized layer of the steel is promoted, thereby reducing the fatigue life. Can be. Therefore, the carbon concentration of the steel is carburized to be 0.9 to 1.2% by weight, and then 2 to 5% by volume of ammonia gas is added to the carburized gas, and carbon and nitrogen are added to the steel surface immediately before the second quenching. The combined concentration is 1.2 to 1.7 wt%.

한편, 열처리 중 침탄질화시(S12)에 노내의 온도를 870 ~ 910℃ 범위로 유지시키는 이유는, 910℃ 이상에서는 침탄질화에 작용하는 로내의 미분해 암모니아량이 급격히 감소되어 0.3 중량% 이상의 표면 질소농도를 얻기 어렵고, 870 ℃ 이하에서는 탄소 고용한계의 감소가 커서 입계 탄화물 석출이 조장되므로 바람직하지 않기 때문이다.On the other hand, during the heat treatment during carburization nitriding (S12), the temperature in the furnace is maintained in the range of 870 ~ 910 ℃, the nitrous undecomposed ammonia in the furnace acting on the carburization nitrification is abruptly reduced to more than 0.3% by weight surface nitrogen This is because the concentration is difficult to obtain, and at 870 ° C. or lower, the decrease in the carbon solubility limit is large, so that precipitation of grain boundary carbide is promoted, which is not preferable.

그리고, 열처리 중에 2차 담금질(S14)의 온도를 830 ~ 860℃로 하는 것은, 830℃ 미만에서는 오스테나이트화가 불충분하여 강재 중심 저탄소부에페라이트(ferrite)가 잔류되고 표면의 고탄소부에는 탄화물 석출량이 과다해져서 잔류 오스테나이트량이 목표에 미달하게 되고, 860℃ 이상에서는 가열 중에 석출된 탄질화물이 급격히 재용해되어 경화층에 잔류 석출물의 량이 과소해지므로 소정의 높은 경도를 얻을 수 없기 때문이다.The temperature of the secondary quenching (S14) during the heat treatment is set at 830 to 860 ° C., when the temperature of the secondary quenching (S14) is lower than 830 ° C., austenitization is insufficient, and ferrite remains in the low carbon portion at the center of the steel, and the amount of carbide deposited on the high carbon portion on the surface This is because the amount of retained austenite falls short of the target, and the carbonitride precipitated during heating is rapidly redissolved at 860 ° C or higher, so that the amount of the remaining precipitate in the hardened layer is too small to obtain a predetermined high hardness.

도4은 본 발명의 베어링용 강재의 열처리에 대한 다른 실시예(제2실시예)를 나타내는 열처리 공정도이다. 도시한 바와 같이, 상기 베어링용 강재를 열처리로내에 투입하여 930 ~ 970℃의 온도로 탄소 포텐셜 0.9 ~ 1.2 %의 침탄가스 분위기에서 경화깊이에 따라 소정시간동안 침탄한 후(S21), 상기 침탄시의 노내온도를 870 ~ 900℃로 유지한 후 급냉하여 1차로 담금질한 다음(S22), 1차로 담금질된 상기 베어링용 강재를 탄소 포텐셜 0.9 ~ 1.1 %의 침탄가스와 이 침탄가스에 대해 2 ~ 5 볼륨 %의 암모니아 가스 분위기에서 830 ~ 860℃의 온도로 2~5시간 동안 침탄 및 질화한 후(S23), 상기 침탄 및 질화시의 온도에서 급냉하여 2차로 담금질한 다음(S24), 2차로 담금질된 상기 베어링용 강재를 열처리로에서 160 ~ 220℃로 가열하여 공기중에서 서냉하는 뜨임공정(S25)을 거치면 열처리가 완료된다.4 is a heat treatment process diagram showing another embodiment (second embodiment) of the heat treatment of the bearing steel of the present invention. As shown in the drawing, the bearing steel is placed in a heat treatment furnace and carburized for a predetermined time depending on the depth of hardening in a carburizing gas atmosphere with a carbon potential of 0.9 to 1.2% at a temperature of 930 to 970 ° C (S21). After maintaining the furnace temperature of 870 ~ 900 ℃ and quenched first and quenched first (S22), the first quenched steel for the bearing carbon of 0.9 ~ 1.1% carburizing gas and 2 ~ 5 for the carburizing gas After carburizing and nitriding at a temperature of 830 to 860 ° C. for 2 to 5 hours in a volume% ammonia gas atmosphere (S23), quenching and quenching at a temperature during the carburizing and nitriding at second (S24), and then quenching secondly. The heat treatment is completed by passing through the tempering step (S25) of the bearing steel is heated to 160 ~ 220 ℃ in a heat treatment furnace to slow cooling in the air.

이와 같은 제2실시예의 열처리 방법에 의해서도, 제1실시예와 마찬가지로 베어링용 강재 표면에서, 그 탄소농도가 0.9 ~ 1.2 중량%이고, 탄소와 질소를 합한 농도가 1.2 ~ 1.7 중량%이며, 표면 잔류 오스테나이트량이 25 ~ 50 볼륨(Volume)% 이면서 표면경도가 HRC 61~ 67로 된다.According to the heat treatment method of the second embodiment, the carbon concentration was 0.9 to 1.2% by weight, and the carbon and nitrogen concentration was 1.2 to 1.7% by weight, on the surface of the bearing steel as in the first embodiment. The austenite content is 25-50 volume% and the surface hardness is HRC 61-67.

상기 제1실시예의 열처리 방법은 침탄공정(S11)과 침탄질화공정(S12) 및 1차 담금질공정(S13)을 배치로(batch furnace)에서 실시하고 2차 담금질공정(S14)을연속로에서 실시할 경우에 유리하고, 상기 제2실시예의 열처리 방법은 배치로에서 침탄공정(S21)과 1차 담금질공정(S22)와 침탄질화공정(S23) 및 2차 담금질공정(S24)을 연속적으로 실시하는 경우에 적합하다.In the heat treatment method of the first embodiment, the carburizing step (S11), the carburizing nitriding step (S12), and the first quenching step (S13) are performed in a batch furnace, and the second quenching step (S14) is performed in a continuous furnace. In this case, the heat treatment method of the second embodiment is to continuously perform the carburizing step (S21), the first quenching step (S22), the carburizing nitriding step (S23), and the second quenching step (S24) in a batch furnace. Suitable for the occasion.

본 발명에 의한 베어링용 강재의 열처리방법에서는 탄소농도가 0.3 중량%의 중탄소강이 사용되므로 표준 침탄강재(기지 탄소농도 0.2 중량% 정도)에 비해 같은 정도의 유효경화깊이를 얻는데 필요한 침탄시간이 75%정도로 줄어 든다. 따라서, 본 발명의 열처리방법에서는 침탄 이후에 침탄질화공정 및 2차담금질공정이 추가됨에도 불구하고 전체 열처리시간은 일반 침탄처리에 비해 별로 늘어나지 않는다.In the heat treatment method of the bearing steel according to the present invention, since the carbon concentration is 0.3% by weight of medium carbon steel, the carburizing time required for obtaining the same effective hardening depth as that of the standard carburizing steel (about 0.2% by weight of the base carbon concentration) is 75%. Reduced by% Therefore, in the heat treatment method of the present invention, despite the addition of the carburization nitriding process and the second quenching process after the carburization, the total heat treatment time does not increase much compared to the general carburization treatment.

다음 [표 2]는 표준 침탄재(Scr420H)로 일반 침탄처리를 한 경우와, 본 발명의 베어링용 강재를 제1실시예의 방법으로 열처리한 경우에, 그 표면경도 및 잔류 오스테나이트량을 구름피로수명시험 조건과 함께 나타낸 표인데, 시험편의 유효경화깊이는 1.1mm 깊이로 동일하였으며, 본 발명의 베어링용 강재의 시험편은 표준 침탄재의 시험편에 비해 표면경도의 저하없이 잔류 오스테나이트 량을 15%이상 증가시킬 수 있었다.[Table 2] shows the surface hardness and the amount of retained austenite in the case of the general carburizing treatment with the standard carburizing material (Scr420H) and the heat treatment of the bearing steel of the present invention by the method of the first embodiment. It is a table with the life test conditions, the effective hardening depth of the test piece was equal to the depth of 1.1mm, the test piece of the bearing steel of the present invention is 15% or more residual austenite content without deterioration of the surface hardness compared to the test piece of the standard carburizing material Could increase.

[표 2]TABLE 2

도5a는 표준 침탄재(Scr420H)로 일반 침탄처리를 한 경우의 시험편과, 본 발명의 베어링용 강재를 제1실시예의 방법으로 열처리한 경우의 시험편을 표2의 청정윤활조건으로 구름피로시험한 결과를 나타낸 그래프로서, 본 발명의 베어링용 강재의 시험편은 표준 침탄재의 시험편에 비해 약 2배 정도의 향상된 내구성능을 나타내고 있다.FIG. 5A is a rolling fatigue test of the test piece in the case of the general carburizing treatment with the standard carburizing material (Scr420H) and the test piece in the case of heat-treating the bearing steel of the present invention by the method of Example 1. As a graph showing the results, the test piece of the bearing steel of the present invention exhibited about 2 times the improved durability compared to the test piece of the standard carburized material.

도5b는 표준 침탄재(Scr420H)로 일반 침탄처리를 한 경우의 시험편과, 본 발명의 베어링용 강재를 제1실시예의 방법으로 열처리한 경우의 시험편을 표2의 이물윤활조건으로 구름피로시험한 결과를 나타낸 그래프로서, 본 발명의 베어링용 강재의 시험편은 표준 침탄재의 시험편에 비해 6배 정도의 향상된 내구성능을 나타내고 있다.FIG. 5B is a rolling fatigue test of the test piece in the case of the general carburizing treatment with the standard carburizing material (Scr420H) and the test piece in the case of heat-treating the bearing steel of the present invention by the method of Example 1. As a graph showing the results, the test piece of the bearing steel of the present invention showed an improved durability of about six times as compared to the test piece of the standard carburized material.

한편, 표1에 표시된 바와 같이 SCr430H를 침탄 담금질 후 2차로 담금질한 경우의 실시재(SCr430H*)에서 고하중 조건의 내구성능이 더욱 향상되는 것으로 판단할 때, 본 발명의 베어링용 강재는 2차로 담금질되므로 이에 따른 조직 미세화효과로 보다 높은 하중에서도 내구성 향상이 기대된다.On the other hand, as shown in Table 1, when it is determined that the durability of the high load conditions in the embodiment (SCr430H *) in the case of the second quenching after SCr430H quenching quenching, the steel for bearing of the present invention is quenched second Therefore, it is expected to improve durability even at a higher load due to the effect of tissue refinement.

도6은 표준 침탄재(Scr420H)로 일반 침탄처리를 한 경우의 시험편과, 본 발명의 베어링용 강재를 제1실시예의 방법으로 열처리한 경우의 시험편에 대해, 그 뜨임온도에 따른 표면경도의 변화를 나타내는 그래프로서, 본 발명의 베어링용 강재의 시험편은 뜨임저항성, 즉 내열강성이 표준 침탄재의 시험편에 비해 뛰어남을 알 수 있다.Fig. 6 is a change of the surface hardness according to the tempering temperature of the test piece when the standard carburizing material (Scr420H) is subjected to the general carburizing treatment and the test piece when the bearing steel of the present invention is heat-treated by the method of the first embodiment. As a graph showing, the test piece of the bearing steel of the present invention can be seen that the temper resistance, that is, the heat resistance is superior to the test piece of the standard carburizing material.

본 발명은 상기 실시예에 한정되지 않고 다양하게 변형하여 실시할 수 있다.The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment and can be modified in various ways.

본 발명에 의한 베어링용 강재 및 그 열처리방법에 의하면, 베어링용 강재가베어링에 적용될 시, 잔류 오스테나이트의 증가에 따라 이물환경에서의 수명이 향상되고, 잔류 오스테나이트의 증가에 따른 경도저하 요인을 탄질화물의 석출경화 효과로 보상하여 경도저하를 억제하고 조직을 치밀하게 함으로써 청정윤활환경에서의 베어링 수명 저하를 방지하고 부하능을 향상시키며, 함금내 실리콘의 중량과 표층의 질소확산 효과로 재료의 뜨임 연화저항성이 증가되어 베어링의 내열성을 향상하는 효과가 있다.According to the present invention, the bearing steel and the heat treatment method thereof, when the bearing steel is applied to the bearing, the life in the foreign material environment is improved according to the increase of the retained austenite, and the hardness decrease factor due to the increase of the retained austenite By compensating for the precipitation hardening effect of carbonitrides, suppressing the decrease in hardness and densifying the structure, it prevents the reduction of bearing life in the clean lubrication environment and improves the load capacity.The weight of silicon in the alloy and the effect of nitrogen diffusion of the surface layer Tempering softening resistance is increased, thereby improving the heat resistance of the bearing.

Claims (3)

철(Fe)에,To iron (Fe), 탄소(C) 0.27 ~0.33 중량%, 규소(Si) 0.30 ~ 0.60 중량%, 망간(Mn) 0.90 ~ 1.30중량%, 크롬(Cr) 1.0 ~ 1.30 중량%, 바나듐(V) 0.10 ~ 0.30 중량%, 알루미늄(Al) 200 ~ 400 ppm, 질소(N) 100 ~ 200 ppm 이 함유된 것을 특징으로 하는 베어링용 강재.0.27 ~ 0.33% by weight of carbon (C), 0.30 ~ 0.60% by weight of silicon (Si), 0.90 to 1.30% by weight of manganese (Mn), 1.0 to 1.30% by weight of chromium (Cr), 0.10 to 0.30% by weight of vanadium (V), Aluminum (Al) 200 to 400 ppm, nitrogen (N) 100 to 200 ppm is a bearing steel, characterized in that it contains. 제1항의 베어링용 강재를,Steel for bearings of claim 1, 열처리로내에 투입하여 930 ~ 970℃의 온도로 탄소 포텐셜 0.9 ~ 1.2 %의 침탄가스 분위기에서 경화깊이에 따라 소정시간동안 침탄하는 침탄공정과,A carburizing process in which a carburizing process is carried out in a heat treatment furnace and carburized for a predetermined time depending on the depth of hardening at a carbon potential of 0.9 to 1.2% at a carbon potential of 930 to 970 ° C; 상기 침탄공정의 침탄가스 분위기(탄소 포텐셜 0.9 ~ 1.2 %)의 침탄가스에 대해 2 ~ 5 볼륨 %의 암모니아 가스를 추가로 투입하여 870 ~ 910℃의 온도로 2~5시간 동안 침탄 및 질화하는 침탄질화공정과,Carburizing and nitriding for 2 to 5 hours at a temperature of 870 ~ 910 ℃ by further adding 2 ~ 5% by volume of ammonia gas to the carburizing gas in the carburizing gas atmosphere (carbon potential 0.9 ~ 1.2%) of the carburizing process Nitriding process, 상기 침탄질화공정의 870 ~ 910℃에서 급냉하여 1차로 담금질하는 1차담금질공정과,A first quenching process of quenching at 870 ~ 910 ℃ of the carburizing nitriding process and quenching first, 1차로 담금질된 상기 베어링용 강재를 탄소 포텐셜 0.6 ~ 1.0 %의 열처리로에서 830 ~ 860℃로 가열하여 급냉하여 2차로 담금질하는 2차 담금질공정과,A second quenching process of quenching the first quenched steel for quenching by quenching the steel for bearing in the heat treatment furnace of carbon potential 0.6 ~ 1.0% to 830 ~ 860 ° C., 2차로 담금질된 상기 베어링용 강재를 열처리로에서 160 ~ 220℃로 가열하여 서냉하는 뜨임공정으로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 베어링용 강재의 열처리방법.The heat treatment method of the steel for bearings, characterized in that the temper process of heating the second steel quenched in the heat-treating furnace to 160 ~ 220 ℃ by slow cooling. 제1항의 상기 베어링용 강재를,The steel for bearings of claim 1, 열처리로내에 투입하여 930 ~ 970℃의 온도로 탄소 포텐셜 0.9 ~ 1.2 %의 침탄가스 분위기에서 경화깊이에 따라 소정시간동안 침탄하는 침탄공정과,A carburizing process in which a carburizing process is carried out in a heat treatment furnace and carburized for a predetermined time depending on the depth of hardening at a carbon potential of 0.9 to 1.2% at a carbon potential of 930 to 970 ° C; 상기 침탄공정의 노내온도를 870 ~ 900℃로 유지한 후 급냉하여 1차로 담금질하는 1차 담금질공정과,A first quenching process of quenching by first quenching after maintaining the furnace temperature of the carburizing process at 870 ~ 900 ℃, 1차로 담금질된 상기 베어링용 강재를 탄소 포텐셜 0.9 ~ 1.1 %의 침탄가스와 이 침탄가스에 대해 2 ~ 5 볼륨 %의 암모니아 가스 분위기에서 830 ~ 860℃의 온도로 2~5시간 동안 침탄 및 질화하는 침탄질화공정과,Carburizing and nitriding the first quenched steel for 2-5 hours at a carbon potential of 0.9-1.1% carburizing gas and 2-5 vol% ammonia gas atmosphere at a temperature of 830-860 ° C. Carburizing and nitriding process, 상기 침탄질화공정의 온도에서 급냉하여 2차로 담금질하는 2차 담금질공정과,A second quenching process of quenching at a temperature of the carburization-nitriding process and quenching secondly; 2차로 담금질된 상기 베어링용 강재를 열처리로에서 160 ~ 220℃로 가열하여 서냉하는 뜨임공정으로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 베어링용 강재의 열처리방법.The heat treatment method of the steel for bearings, characterized in that the temper process of heating the second steel quenched in the heat-treating furnace to 160 ~ 220 ℃ by slow cooling.
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KR100787034B1 (en) * 2006-07-20 2007-12-21 셰플러코리아(유) Steel for bearing driven on belt pulley and the heat treatment method thereof
KR100807807B1 (en) * 2007-01-31 2008-02-26 (주)세원금속 The heat treatment process of connecting member made of stainless steel on fitting tube
KR100974353B1 (en) * 2010-03-25 2010-08-05 주식회사 삼우공간건축사사무소 Combining loop of horizontal connecting member for greening bag of retaining wall
CN103924248A (en) * 2014-04-24 2014-07-16 鑫光热处理工业(昆山)有限公司 Carbonitriding quenching process for car seat adjuster component
JP2018044197A (en) * 2016-09-13 2018-03-22 株式会社ジェイテクト Steel member and method for producing the same
CN111809136A (en) * 2020-06-29 2020-10-23 张同玺 Heat treatment carburizing process of high-temperature carburizing steel H10Cr4Mo4Ni4V
CN114574683A (en) * 2022-02-25 2022-06-03 中石化江钻石油机械有限公司 Heat treatment method of low-carbon low-alloy steel bit leg bearing casting and bit leg bearing
CN114774642A (en) * 2022-04-25 2022-07-22 中航试金石检测科技(西安)有限公司 Heat treatment process for A-100 steel

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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KR100787034B1 (en) * 2006-07-20 2007-12-21 셰플러코리아(유) Steel for bearing driven on belt pulley and the heat treatment method thereof
KR100807807B1 (en) * 2007-01-31 2008-02-26 (주)세원금속 The heat treatment process of connecting member made of stainless steel on fitting tube
KR100974353B1 (en) * 2010-03-25 2010-08-05 주식회사 삼우공간건축사사무소 Combining loop of horizontal connecting member for greening bag of retaining wall
CN103924248A (en) * 2014-04-24 2014-07-16 鑫光热处理工业(昆山)有限公司 Carbonitriding quenching process for car seat adjuster component
JP2018044197A (en) * 2016-09-13 2018-03-22 株式会社ジェイテクト Steel member and method for producing the same
CN111809136A (en) * 2020-06-29 2020-10-23 张同玺 Heat treatment carburizing process of high-temperature carburizing steel H10Cr4Mo4Ni4V
CN114574683A (en) * 2022-02-25 2022-06-03 中石化江钻石油机械有限公司 Heat treatment method of low-carbon low-alloy steel bit leg bearing casting and bit leg bearing
CN114574683B (en) * 2022-02-25 2023-11-28 中石化江钻石油机械有限公司 Heat treatment method of low-carbon low-alloy steel bit leg bearing casting and bit leg bearing
CN114774642A (en) * 2022-04-25 2022-07-22 中航试金石检测科技(西安)有限公司 Heat treatment process for A-100 steel
CN114774642B (en) * 2022-04-25 2023-11-24 中航试金石检测科技(西安)有限公司 Heat treatment process for A-100 steel

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