KR20040038080A - injector for a common rail direct injection engine - Google Patents

injector for a common rail direct injection engine Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20040038080A
KR20040038080A KR1020020066950A KR20020066950A KR20040038080A KR 20040038080 A KR20040038080 A KR 20040038080A KR 1020020066950 A KR1020020066950 A KR 1020020066950A KR 20020066950 A KR20020066950 A KR 20020066950A KR 20040038080 A KR20040038080 A KR 20040038080A
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KR
South Korea
Prior art keywords
needle
injector
fuel
common rail
gap
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KR1020020066950A
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Korean (ko)
Inventor
이흥우
Original Assignee
현대자동차주식회사
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Priority to KR1020020066950A priority Critical patent/KR20040038080A/en
Publication of KR20040038080A publication Critical patent/KR20040038080A/en

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/168Assembling; Disassembling; Manufacturing; Adjusting

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: An injector for a common rail engine is provided to discharge exhaust gas stably by injecting fuel securely corresponding to the same control signal with stabilizing in using the injector early after assembling the injector by forming the gap with spacing the lower side of the crescent groove of the needle from the body. CONSTITUTION: An upper corner of a crescent groove(7) of a needle(1) is linearly contacted to a body(3), and the outside of the needle from a lower corner of the crescent groove is spaced from the inside of the body to form the gap of 0.13 to 2.0 micrometers. The outside of the lower needle from the lower corner of the crescent groove is inclined inward, and separated from the body in the lower part of the injector. Fuel is streamed into the crescent groove of the needle, and actively discharged through the gap before pushing up the needle by fuel. Fuel is injected accurately with lifting the needle according to the control signal from the ECU(Electronic Control Unit).

Description

커먼레일 엔진용 인젝터{injector for a common rail direct injection engine}Injector for common rail engine

본 발명은 커먼레일 엔진에서 연료를 연소실에 분사하는 인젝터에 관한 것으로서, 보다 상세하게는 인젝터의 노즐부위의 구조에 관한 기술이다.The present invention relates to an injector for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber in a common rail engine, and more particularly, to a structure of a nozzle portion of an injector.

커먼레일 엔진은 고압의 연료를 연소실에 직접 분사하는 방식의 디젤엔진으로서, 일반적인 연료공급시스템은 도 1에 도시된 바와 같다.The common rail engine is a diesel engine in which high-pressure fuel is injected directly into the combustion chamber, and a general fuel supply system is illustrated in FIG. 1.

즉, 연료탱크(100)의 연료를 고압펌프(102)에서 펌핑하여 커먼레일(104)에 공급하고, 상기 커먼레일(104)은 연소실마다 설치된 인젝터(106)에 공통으로 연결되어 소정의 압력을 유지하면서 인젝터(106)에 연료를 공급하며, ECU(108)는 상기 커먼레일(104) 의 압력 및 엔진의 각종 정보를 센서류(109)를 통해 입력 받아 연산한 후 상기 인젝터(106)의 분사량 및 분사시기 등을 제어하도록 되어 있다.That is, the fuel of the fuel tank 100 is pumped by the high pressure pump 102 to be supplied to the common rail 104, and the common rail 104 is commonly connected to the injector 106 installed in each combustion chamber to supply a predetermined pressure. The fuel is supplied to the injector 106 while maintaining it, and the ECU 108 receives and calculates the pressure of the common rail 104 and various information of the engine through the sensors 109, and then the injection amount of the injector 106 and The injection timing is controlled.

그런데, 상기한 바와 같은 인젝터(106)는 그 사용기간이 경과함에 따라 ECU(108)에서 동일한 니들밸브 개방시간을 인가하는 제어신호를 제공하더라도 분사되는 연료량은 변화되는 성질을 가지고 있다.However, the injector 106 as described above has the property that the amount of fuel injected is changed even if the control period for applying the same needle valve opening time is applied by the ECU 108 as its use period elapses.

이는 인젝터(106)를 구성하고 있는 각 부품들의 마모 및 자리잡기 등에 기인한 것으로서, 이와 같은 인젝터(106)의 연료분사량 변화는 특히 배출가스의 수준을 크게 변화시키는 요인으로 작용하게 된다.This is due to the wear and positioning of each component constituting the injector 106, such a change in the fuel injection amount of the injector 106 will act as a factor that significantly changes the level of the exhaust gas.

상기한 바와 같이 동일한 제어신호에 대하여도 인젝터(106)의 연료분사량이 변화되는 현상은 인젝터(106)를 조립한 초기에는 더욱 심하게 발생되는데, 인젝터를 납품받아 조립 및 품질 점검시에 이미 일정한 규제치를 초과하여 엔진의 배출가스 성능에 큰 악영향을 미치는 문제점이 있다.As described above, even when the fuel injection amount of the injector 106 is changed with respect to the same control signal, it occurs more seriously at the beginning of the assembly of the injector 106. There is a problem that greatly affects the exhaust gas performance of the engine in excess.

한편, 후술할 본 발명과의 비교를 위하여 종래 기술에 의한 인젝터(106)의 노즐부위 구조를 살펴보면, 인젝터 노즐부위 외곽을 이루는 바디(110)와, 상하로 섭동하여 연료를 분사하는 니들(112)이 서로 접촉하여 있는데, 니들(112)에는 반달형홈(114)이 형성되어 고속 작동에 따른 수평방향 유동을 억제하도록 유체시트(hydraulic seat)를 형성하는 구조를 취하고 있으며, 실질적으로 바디(110)와 접촉되는 니들(112)의 씰링(sealing)부위는 상기 반달형홈(114) 상부 모서리에서 바디(110)와 선접촉하고, 상기 반달형홈(114) 하부 모서리부터는 바디(110)와 니들(112)의 면이 평행하게 서로 면접촉하고 있는 상태이다.On the other hand, when comparing the structure of the nozzle portion of the injector 106 according to the prior art for comparison with the present invention to be described later, the body 110 forming the outer portion of the injector nozzle portion and the needle 112 for perturbing up and down to inject fuel These are in contact with each other, the needle 112 has a half-moon-shaped groove 114 is formed to form a hydraulic seat (hydraulic seat) to suppress the horizontal flow according to the high-speed operation, and substantially the body 110 and The sealing portion of the needle 112 that is in contact is in linear contact with the body 110 at the upper edge of the half moon groove 114, and from the lower edge of the half moon groove 114 of the body 110 and the needle 112 The surfaces are in surface contact with each other in parallel.

이에 본 발명은 상기한 바와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 안출된 것으로서, 인젝터의 조립후 인젝터 사용의 초기에 발생하는 불안정한 상태를 해소하여 동일한 제어신호에 대한 안정된 수준의 연료분사량을 확보하도록 함으로써, 배출가스 성능의 안정화를 기할 수 있도록 한 커먼레일 엔진용 인젝터를 제공함에 그 목적이 있다.Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the problems described above, by eliminating the unstable state occurring in the initial use of the injector after assembly of the injector to ensure a stable fuel injection amount for the same control signal, the exhaust gas The purpose is to provide an injector for the common rail engine that can stabilize the performance.

도 1은 일반적인 커먼레일 엔진의 연료공급 시스템을 설명한 도면,1 is a view for explaining a fuel supply system of a common common rail engine,

도 2는 종래 기술에 의한 커먼레일 엔진용 인젝터의 노즐부위 확대도,Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the nozzle portion of the injector for common rail engine according to the prior art,

도 3은 본 발명에 의한 커먼레일 엔진용 인젝터의 노즐부위 확대도,3 is an enlarged view of a nozzle portion of a common rail engine injector according to the present invention;

도 4는 본 발명에 의한 커먼레일 엔진용 인젝터의 작동을 설명한 도면이다.4 is a view for explaining the operation of the injector for a common rail engine according to the present invention.

<도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 간단한 설명><Brief description of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

1; 니들3; 바디One; Needle 3; body

7; 반달형홈G; 갭7; Half moon groove G; gap

상기한 바와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명 커먼레일 엔진용 인젝터는 니들의 반달형홈 상부 모서리는 바디와 선접촉하며;Injector for the common rail engine of the present invention for achieving the above object is the upper edge of the half-moon groove of the needle is in line contact with the body;

니들의 반달형홈 하부 모서리로부터 하측의 니들의 외면은 바디의 내면으로부터 소정간격 갭을 이루도록 형성된 것을 특징으로 한다.The outer surface of the lower needle from the lower edge of the half moon groove of the needle is formed to form a predetermined gap from the inner surface of the body.

이하, 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

도 3은 본 발명에 따른 커먼레일 엔진의 인젝터의 노즐부위를 확대하여 도시한 것으로서, 특별히 종래와 다른 구성은 니들(1)의 하측 외면이 바디(3)와 소정의 갭(G)을 형성하고 있다는 점이다.FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a nozzle portion of an injector of a common rail engine according to the present invention. In particular, a configuration different from the conventional one is that the lower outer surface of the needle 1 forms a predetermined gap G with the body 3. Is that there is.

보다 구체적으로 살펴보면, 니들(1)의 반달형홈(7) 상부 모서리는 바디(3)와 선접촉하며, 니들(1)의 반달형홈(7) 하부 모서리로부터 하측의 니들(1)의 외면은 바디(3)의 내면으로부터 소정간격 갭(G)을 이루도록 형성되어 있다.More specifically, the upper edge of the half moon groove 7 of the needle 1 is in line contact with the body 3, and the outer surface of the needle 1 below the lower edge from the lower edge of the moon moon groove 7 of the needle 1 is the body. It is formed so that a predetermined space | interval gap G may be made from the inner surface of (3).

특히, 본 실시예에서는 상기한 니들(1)의 반달형홈(7) 하부 모서리로부터 하측의 니들(1)의 외면은 인젝터의 하측으로 내려갈수록 바디(3)의 내면에 대하여 벌어지도록 내측으로 경사지게 형성하였다.In particular, in the present embodiment, the outer surface of the lower needle 1 from the lower edge of the half moon groove 7 of the needle 1 is formed to be inwardly inclined toward the inner surface of the body 3 toward the lower side of the injector. It was.

여기서, 상기한 니들(1)의 반달형홈(7) 하부 모서리로부터 하측의 니들(1)의 외면과 바디(3) 사이의 소정의 갭(G)은 0.13㎛에서 2.0㎛ 사이로 형성하도록 한다.Here, the predetermined gap G between the outer surface of the lower needle 1 and the body 3 from the lower edge of the half moon groove 7 of the needle 1 is formed between 0.13 μm and 2.0 μm.

이는 인젝터의 내구 신뢰성을 확보하기 위하여 중요하게 관리되어야 하는 치수 조건이다.This is a dimensional condition that must be managed to ensure the durability of the injector.

상기한 바와 같이 구성된 본 발명에 따른 인젝터의 작용을 살펴보면 다음과 같다.Looking at the operation of the injector according to the present invention configured as described above are as follows.

인젝터에 ECU의 니들밸브 개방 제어신호가 인가되면 니들(1)은 상측으로 이동하게 되는데, 그 이동초기에 상기 반달형홈(7)의 상부 모서리가 바디(3)와의 사이에 공간을 형성하면서 유입되는 연료는 짧은 순간이지만 상기 반달형홈(7) 내에서 압력을 형성하게 되는데, 상기 반달형홈(7)의 구조상 반달형홈(7)의 상방 투영면이 유입된 연료에 의한 압력에 의해 니들(1)을 상방으로 움직이게 하는 힘 F를 발생시키게 한다(도 4참조).When the needle valve opening control signal of the ECU is applied to the injector, the needle 1 moves upward. In the initial stage of movement, the upper edge of the vandal groove 7 is introduced while forming a space between the body 3 and the body 3. Although the fuel is a short moment, it forms a pressure in the vandal groove 7. The needle 1 is upward by the pressure of the fuel introduced into the upper projection surface of the vandal groove 7 due to the structure of the vandal groove 7. To generate a force F to move the rod (see FIG. 4).

이와 같이 작용하는 힘 F는 니들(1)의 리프트량에 큰 영향을 주게 되는데, 이는 니들(1)은 초기에 상승하도록 들린 후에는 자유비행으로 스토퍼까지 이르게 되어 있기 때문이다.The force F acting in this way has a great influence on the lift amount of the needle 1 because the needle 1 is initially lifted up to reach the stopper in free flight.

특히, 배출가스의 관리가 필요한 연료량의 영역에서는 상기 니들(1)이 스토퍼에 이르지 않는데, 이 경우에는 상기 힘 F는 니들(1)의 리프트량에 매우 큰 영향을 미치는 요소가 된다.In particular, the needle 1 does not reach the stopper in the region of the fuel amount requiring the management of the exhaust gas. In this case, the force F is a factor that greatly affects the lift amount of the needle 1.

종래에는 상기한 바와 같이 반달형홈(7)으로 유입되는 연료에 의한 힘 F의 크기가 지나치게 커서 니들(1)의 리프트량이 적절히 조절되지 못했던 것으로, 본 발명에 따른 인젝터에서는 상기 힘 F를 적절히 저감시키도록 한 것이다.As described above, the amount of force F due to the fuel flowing into the half-moon groove 7 is too large to lift the needle 1 properly, and the injector according to the present invention reduces the force F appropriately. It is to be.

즉, 상기 니들(1)의 반달형홈(7)으로 유입되는 연료가 니들(1)을 상방으로 미는 힘 F를 발생시키기 전에 원활하게 상기 갭(G)을 통해 배출시키도록 하는 것이다.That is, the fuel flowing into the half moon groove 7 of the needle 1 is to be discharged smoothly through the gap (G) before generating the force F to push the needle 1 upward.

따라서, 니들(1)은 거의 ECU에서 제공된 제어신호에 의해서만 리프트되므로 ECU가 계산한 정확한 양의 연료분사량이 얻어지게 되는 것이다.Therefore, the needle 1 is almost lifted only by the control signal provided by the ECU, so that the exact amount of fuel injection calculated by the ECU is obtained.

물론, 상기와 같이 ECU가 판단한 정확한 연료분사량이 확보되면, 엔지의 배출가스 성능은 원하는 수준으로 안정적으로 확보될 수 있는 것이다.Of course, if the precise fuel injection amount determined by the ECU as described above, the exhaust gas performance of the engine can be secured to a desired level stably.

이상과 같이 본 발명에 의하면, 니들의 반달형홈 하측 외면을 바디로부터 이격시켜 갭을 형성하도록 한 인젝터를 제공함으로써, 인젝터의 조립후 인젝터 사용의 초기에 발생하는 불안정한 상태를 해소하여 동일한 제어신호에 대한 안정된 수준의 연료분사량을 확보하도록 함으로써, 배출가스 성능의 안정화를 기할 수 있도록 한다.According to the present invention as described above, by providing an injector to form a gap by separating the outer surface of the lower half of the needle-shaped groove from the body, to solve the unstable state occurring in the early use of the injector after assembly of the injector to the same control signal By ensuring a stable level of fuel injection, it is possible to stabilize the emission performance.

Claims (3)

니들의 반달형홈 상부 모서리는 바디와 선접촉하며;The upper edge of the half moon groove of the needle is in linear contact with the body; 니들의 반달형홈 하부 모서리로부터 하측의 니들의 외면은 바디의 내면으로부터 소정간격 갭을 이루도록 형성된 것The outer surface of the lower needle from the lower edge of the half moon groove of the needle is formed to form a predetermined gap from the inner surface of the body 을 특징으로 하는 커먼레일 엔진용 인젝터.Injector for common rail engine, characterized in that. 제1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 상기한 니들의 반달형홈 하부 모서리로부터 하측의 니들의 외면은 인젝터의 하측으로 내려갈수록 바디의 내면에 대하여 벌어지도록 내측으로 경사지게 형성된 것The outer surface of the lower needle from the lower edge of the half moon groove of the needle is formed to be inwardly inclined toward the inner surface of the body toward the lower side of the injector. 을 특징으로 하는 커먼레일 엔진용 인젝터.Injector for common rail engine, characterized in that. 제1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 상기한 니들의 반달형홈 하부 모서리로부터 하측의 니들의 외면과 바디 사이의 갭은 0.13㎛에서 2.0㎛ 사이인 것The gap between the outer surface of the lower needle and the body from the lower edge of the half moon groove of the needle is between 0.13 μm and 2.0 μm 을 특징으로 하는 커먼레일 엔진용 인젝터.Injector for common rail engine, characterized in that.
KR1020020066950A 2002-10-31 2002-10-31 injector for a common rail direct injection engine KR20040038080A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140060481A1 (en) * 2012-08-29 2014-03-06 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Method and apparatus of producing laminar flow through a fuel injection nozzle

Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996019661A1 (en) * 1994-12-20 1996-06-27 Lucas Industries Public Limited Company Fuel injection nozzle
JPH09189278A (en) * 1995-12-19 1997-07-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engine
JP2001107826A (en) * 1999-10-12 2001-04-17 Toyota Motor Corp Fuel injection nozzle for cylinder injection type internal combustion engine
KR20010102515A (en) * 2000-01-10 2001-11-15 클라우스 포스, 게오르그 뮐러 Fuel injection nozzle

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996019661A1 (en) * 1994-12-20 1996-06-27 Lucas Industries Public Limited Company Fuel injection nozzle
JPH09189278A (en) * 1995-12-19 1997-07-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engine
JP2001107826A (en) * 1999-10-12 2001-04-17 Toyota Motor Corp Fuel injection nozzle for cylinder injection type internal combustion engine
KR20010102515A (en) * 2000-01-10 2001-11-15 클라우스 포스, 게오르그 뮐러 Fuel injection nozzle

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140060481A1 (en) * 2012-08-29 2014-03-06 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Method and apparatus of producing laminar flow through a fuel injection nozzle

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