KR200386559Y1 - A battery charge/discharge monitoring system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a device for charging and discharging a plurality of batteries, when the AC power is input converts the input AC power to DC power, and a power supply for supplying the main voltage for operating each component and the charging voltage for charging the battery ; When charging current is supplied from the power supply and the battery is charged, the battery recognizes and stores the reference charging voltage. If the charging voltage of the battery is the same as the reference charging voltage, the supply of charging voltage to the battery is cut off. A charge voltage control unit and a charge voltage blocking unit to start recharging when abnormally discharged; The discharge voltage is supplied from the battery when the power is not supplied from the power supply, and the discharge voltage blocking unit cuts off the supply of the discharge voltage when the discharge voltage supplied from the battery is a preset discharge end voltage; A voltage distribution unit for distributing and transmitting a charge / discharge voltage supplied from a battery; Instructs the battery to be charged / discharged according to whether or not the power is supplied.When the battery is charged, the input voltage is compared with the reference charging voltage. When discharged, it is composed of a microcomputer that compares and analyzes the input discharge voltage and the discharge end voltage to control the voltage supply when the discharge end voltage is lower than the discharge voltage, and monitors whether or not the battery is connected during charging / discharging of the battery. By controlling the discharge voltage, it is possible to discharge the charge and discharge end voltages up to the reference charge voltage more accurately.

Description

Battery charge / discharge monitoring system {A battery charge / discharge monitoring system}

The present invention relates to a battery charge / discharge monitoring system, and more specifically, it is possible to shorten the time for setting the reference voltage of the battery, and to discharge the charge and discharge end voltages up to the reference charge voltage without errors and errors. The present invention relates to a charge / discharge monitoring system that can extend the life of a battery and control the charge / discharge voltage with a microcomputer.

Generally, a battery is used as a power source to supply power to a specific device even during a power failure. The battery converts chemical energy of an internal active material into electrical energy by an electrochemical reaction, which plays a decisive role in the opening of the information age. All electronic products, from toys to advanced products, require batteries and are very important when supplying alternative power in the event of a power outage.

However, since the battery has many limitations due to its limited use time, the battery is classified into a primary battery that is disposed of in one use and a secondary battery that can be repeatedly recharged.

In the case of the secondary battery, repeated charging and discharging creates a solid solution at the point where charging and discharging are repeated, which causes the memory effect to remember the limit of the capacity of the battery. In addition, the battery must be fully charged and then fully charged to the extent of discharge allowed by the battery to improve the efficiency of use of the battery. In addition, a lithium ion rechargeable battery has a risk of explosion when charged above its own voltage due to its inherent characteristics. Because of this, charging must be interrupted when reaching the magnetic field to maintain the specificity of charging only the very specific voltage of the battery. Therefore, the voltage is set to a volume so as not to charge more than a predetermined voltage. Since the volume is adjusted by reading the voltage with a voltmeter, a lot of time and errors occur in order to adjust the volume accurately.

In addition, in order to control the correct voltage, a variable resistor or several resistors are used. Since this method is made by humans, there is a limit to making mistakes and precise adjustments, and there are always errors or errors because of human adjustments.

The present invention is designed to solve such a problem, the object of the present invention is to shorten the time to set the reference charging voltage of the battery (especially the specific voltage of a specific battery), and to reduce the reference charging voltage of the battery without errors and errors It provides a battery charge / discharge monitoring system that can be set more accurately.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a battery charge / discharge monitoring system that protects the life and safety of a battery by preventing charging above a predetermined reference charging voltage.

Technical means according to the present invention for achieving the above object is a device for charging / discharging a plurality of batteries, the AC / DC converter is built-in, when the AC power input is inputted AC power to the DC power A power supply for converting and supplying a main voltage for operating each component and a charging voltage for charging the battery; When charging current is supplied from the power supply and the battery is charged, the battery recognizes and stores the reference charging voltage. If the charging voltage of the battery is the same as the reference charging voltage, the supply of charging voltage to the battery is cut off. A charge voltage control unit and a charge voltage blocking unit to start recharging when abnormal discharge is performed; The discharge voltage is supplied from the battery when the power is not supplied from the power supply, and the discharge voltage blocking unit cuts off the supply of the discharge voltage when the discharge voltage supplied from the battery is a preset discharge end voltage; A voltage distribution unit for distributing and transmitting a charge / discharge voltage supplied from a battery; And an A / D converter, converts and stores an analog signal of a voltage input from the voltage divider into a digital signal, and sets a reference charging voltage to which the deviation is applied and a discharge termination voltage of the battery in advance. It monitors whether the power is supplied and discharges the battery when the power is not supplied, and instructs to charge the battery when the power is supplied, and compares and analyzes the input charging voltage and the reference charging voltage when the battery is charged. If the battery is discharged, the voltage supply of the battery is cut off.If the battery is discharged, the input discharge voltage and the discharge end voltage are compared and analyzed. It is composed of microcomputer that monitors battery connection.

The present invention can shorten the time for setting the reference voltage of the battery, can discharge to the charging and discharging end voltage up to the reference charging voltage without errors and errors can extend the life of the battery, the charge / discharge voltage with a microcomputer It can be set more precisely by controlling. In addition, it is possible to control charge / discharge of the same voltage even if several units are produced without adjustment.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a configuration diagram of a battery charging / discharging monitoring system according to the present invention, the power supply unit 110, the charging voltage control and charging voltage blocking unit 120, the discharge voltage blocking unit 130, voltage distribution unit 140 ), The microcomputer 150, the output unit 160, and the state output unit 170.

The power supply unit 110 is provided with an AC / DC converter, and when the AC input power is applied, converts the applied AC input power into DC power, and the converted DC power is separated into voltages of about 17V, 20V, and 5V, The separated voltage is an operating voltage of each component and a charging voltage for charging the battery. When the charging voltage is applied, the battery starts charging by the charging voltage.

The charging voltage control unit and the charging voltage blocking unit 120 control an input voltage so that a voltage higher than a reference charging voltage (ie, a specific voltage of a specific battery) does not flow in the battery, that is, when a voltage is input from the power supply unit, the input voltage is input. By limiting the voltage to control the constant reference charging voltage to flow, charge the battery by inputting the voltage generated by the constant reference charging voltage to the battery, and input the voltage charged in the battery to the microcomputer and the microcomputer and the input battery voltage in advance When the input voltage is higher than the reference charging voltage, the input voltage of the battery is cut off by comparing and analyzing the set voltage and the reference charging voltage.

The discharge voltage cutout unit 130 supplies power to a specific electronic device from a battery when AC input power is not input from the power supply unit during a power failure, the voltage of the battery is input to the microcomputer, the voltage input to the microcomputer and the preset discharge termination point. When the input voltage is below the discharge end voltage, the voltage supplied from the battery is cut off by comparing with the voltage. This protects the life and function of the battery.

The voltage divider 140 divides the voltage of the input battery into the microcomputer when the charge / discharge voltage of the battery is input from the battery during charging / discharging to monitor the charging / discharging voltage of the battery and whether there is a connection.

The microcomputer 150 has a built-in A / D converter, and when the voltage divided by the voltage divider is input, the microcomputer 150 converts the analog signal of the divided voltage into a digital signal, and stores the converted digital signal in a memory (not shown). , The reference charging voltage with the deviation applied and the end voltage of discharge of the battery are set in advance, and the battery is discharged when the power is not supplied by monitoring the power supply of the power supply and charging the battery when the power is supplied. When the battery is charged, it controls and controls the voltage supply of the battery when the battery is charged and compares the input charging voltage with the reference charging voltage. If the battery is discharged, the input discharge voltage and the discharge end voltage are discharged. By comparing and analyzing the voltage, if the discharge end voltage is lower than the control of the voltage supply, the charging is blocked during charging or standby, and the voltage is confirmed. Monitor the battery connection status.

In addition, the microcomputer outputs a square wave having a duty ratio of 1: 1 to control the discharge interruption unit to control the charge / discharge voltage supply of the battery, and to monitor whether the power supply unit is supplied by outputting a low or high signal.

The set reference charging voltage is a reference charging voltage that applies an error of the charging / discharging voltage due to the deviation of peripheral components, and accurately monitors the battery with the optimal battery voltage.

The output unit 160 is connected to the power supply unit and the battery to output the voltage of the power supply unit and the battery.

The status output unit 170 compares the voltage supply status of the power supply and the battery status, that is, the battery connection, the charge / discharge voltage of the battery, and the remaining charge of the battery. Output the transmitted data.

Figure 2 is a circuit diagram of the charge / discharge monitoring system of the battery according to the present invention, the operation of each component is as follows.

In the case of the first battery BT1, the charging voltage control and the charging voltage blocking unit 120 may include a diode D1 connected to the 20V terminal of the power supply unit 110, a resistor R2 connected to a cathode terminal of the diode, and a resistor ( A resistor R3 connected to the other end of R2, a resistor R4 connected to the other end of the resistor R3, a transistor Q2 having a collector end connected to the other end of the resistor R3, a collector end of the transistor Q2, A transistor Q1 having a connected battery BT1, an emitter end connected to the cathode end of the diode D1, a base end connected to the other end of the resistor R4, and a collector end connected to the base end of the transistor Q2, and a transistor; A resistor R5 connected to the collector terminal of Q1, a transistor Q3 connected to the collector terminal of the other end of the resistor R5, and a resistor R6 connected to the base terminal of the transistor Q3, Control signal is input through pin 3 of micom connected to R6).

That is, when the current input from the voltage supply unit flows through the resistors R2 and R3 to control the current charged by the battery BT1 as the reference current, the voltage (V = I *) due to the current flowing through the resistors R2 and R3. (R2 + R3) occurs to turn on transistor Q1, and the increased current is limited to the base voltage of transistor Q2 so that a constant reference current flows.

In order to charge the battery for the optimal voltage, it is necessary to measure the voltage accurately so that an external constant voltage (not shown) equal to the charging voltage is supplied to the battery only across the battery BT1 so that the resistors R2 and R3 The divided voltage comes out. The divided reference charging voltage is stored in a memory inside or outside the microcomputer U1, and when charging is started by the power supply unit 110, the transistors Q1, Q2, and Q3 of the charging voltage control unit 120 and the charging voltage blocking unit 120 are charged. When the voltage is increased by being charged and charged, and the battery is charged with the same voltage as the stored voltage compared to the voltage stored in the memory inside or outside the microcomputer U1, the charge blocking signal is output from the microcomputer 150. In the case of discharging and discharging the charges in the transistors Q1, Q2 and Q3 of the charge voltage control unit 120 and the charge voltage blocking unit 120, the voltages distributed from the resistors R2 and R3 connected across the battery BT1 As it is lowered as much as discharged, if it is lowered by a certain voltage based on the voltage stored for charging, it warns of an abnormality in the power supply or cuts off the discharge. Can.

In addition, in the case of the second battery BT2, the charging current limiting and charging voltage blocking unit includes a diode D3 connected to the 20V terminal of the power supply unit, a resistor R11 connected to the cathode terminal of the diode, and the other end of the resistor R11. Resistor R12 connected to the resistor R12 connected to the other end of the resistor R12, a transistor Q6 having a collector end connected to the other end of the resistor R13, and a battery BT2 connected to the collector end of the transistor Q6. ), A transistor Q5 having an emitter terminal connected to the cathode terminal of the diode D2, a base terminal connected to the other end of the resistor R13, and a collector terminal connected to the base terminal of the transistor Q6, and a transistor Q5. A resistor R14 connected to the collector terminal, a transistor Q7 connected to the collector terminal at the other end of the resistor R14, and a resistor R15 connected to the base end of the transistor Q7, and connected to the resistor R15. The control signal is input through pin 2 of the microcomputer.

That is, when the current input from the voltage supply unit flows through the resistors R11 and R12 to control the current charged by the battery BT2 as the reference current, the voltage (V = I *) due to the current flowing through the resistors R11 and R12. (R11 + R12) is generated to turn on transistor Q5, and the increased current is limited to the base voltage of transistor Q6 so that a constant reference current flows.

In order to be able to control the voltage to be charged in order to charge the battery to the optimum voltage, it is possible to control. Therefore, if the external constant voltage (not shown) equal to the charge voltage is supplied to the battery only across the battery BT2, the resistors R16 and R17 The divided voltage comes out. When the divided reference voltage is stored in a memory (not shown) inside or outside the microcomputer U1 and charging is started by the power supply unit 110, the transistors Q5, When the voltage is increased by being charged and charged by Q6 and Q7), the charge blocking signal is charged by the microcomputer 150 when the battery is charged with the same voltage as the stored voltage compared to the voltage stored in the memory inside or outside the microcomputer U1. Is output to block the charging at the transistors Q5, Q6 and Q7 of the charging voltage control unit 120 and the charging voltage blocking unit 120, and the discharge is performed at the resistors R16 and R17 connected to both ends of the battery BT2. Since the divided voltage is lowered as much as discharged, if the voltage is lowered by a certain voltage based on the voltage stored for charging, it warns of an abnormality in the power supply or cuts off the discharge. Can manage

Therefore, even if several units are produced without adjustment, charge / discharge control of the same voltage is possible.

The discharge voltage blocking unit 130 includes a diode D7 having a cathode terminal connected to a terminal 2 of the battery BT1, a diode D8 having a cathode terminal connected to a terminal 2 of the battery BT2, and a diode D7. The switch (SW) connected to the b contact point at the same time, the anode end of the diode (D8) and the anode end of the diode (D8), the resistor (R24) connected to the a-th contact of the switch (SW), and the resistor (R23) at the other end of the resistor (R24) ) Is connected and the anode end is connected to the diode (D9), the first contact connected to the cathode terminal of the diode (D9) and the d contact connected to the second terminal of the battery (BT1), and the second of the battery (BT2) A relay RL composed of an e-th contact connected to the terminal, an h-th contact connected to the other end of the resistor R24, a transistor Q8 having a collector end connected to the other end of the resistor R23, and a base of the transistor Q8. Capacitor C5, resistor R21 and resistor R22 connected to the stage, capacitor C4 and die connected to the other end of resistor R21 Comprising a resistor (R20) connected between the anode (D5), the anode terminal of the diode (D5) and the voltage terminal, is connected to the pin 5 of the microcomputer through the anode terminal of the diode (D5), the control signal of the microcomputer is received .

That is, when the AC input power is not supplied during power failure and the charging voltage and the main voltage are not supplied through the power supply unit, the switch SW is turned on to supply the operating power to the batteries BT1 and BT2 to the relay RL. Maintaining the voltage, that is, switching the c contact to the d contact, switching the f contact to the e contact to supply the operating power to the battery, and transfers the voltage discharged from the battery to the microcomputer micom input voltage Compare and analyze the preset discharge end voltage and if the voltage supplied from the battery is less than the discharge end voltage of the battery to completely block the discharged voltage for battery protection.

In the case of the first battery BT1, the voltage divider includes a resistor R7 connected to the battery BT1, a resistor R8 connected to the other end of the resistor R7, the other end of the resistor R7, and a resistor R8. It consists of a capacitor (C1) connected in parallel with the other end, that is, the resistor (R8) and a resistor (R19) connected between the resistor (R7) and the resistor (R8), connected to the resistor (R19) and pin 7 of the microcomputer Connected, the voltage supplied from the battery is distributed through the resistors R7 and R8 in case of power failure, i.e., when AC input power is not supplied, and the divided voltage is transmitted to the microcomputer through pin 7 of the microcomputer. When the divided voltage is transmitted, it is converted into a digital signal, stored, and analyzed by comparing the stored voltage with a preset discharge end voltage of the battery, thereby monitoring the remaining amount of discharge of the battery BT1, the end point of discharge voltage, and whether an AC voltage is input.

In the case of the second battery BT2, the voltage divider includes a resistor R16 connected to the battery BT2, a resistor R17 connected to the other end of the resistor R16, the other end of the resistor R16, and a resistor R17. Between the other end, that is, the capacitor (C3) connected in parallel with the resistor (R17) and the resistor (R18) connected between the resistor (R16) and the resistor (R17), and the resistor (R18) and pin 6 of the microcomputer In case of power failure, that is, when AC input power is not supplied, the voltage supplied from the battery is distributed through the resistors R16 and R17, and the divided voltage is transmitted to the microcomputer through pin 6 of the microcomputer. When the divided voltage is transmitted, it is converted into a digital signal, stored, and compared with the stored voltage and the discharge end voltage of the preset battery to monitor the remaining amount of discharge of the battery BT2, the end point of discharge voltage, and whether the AC voltage is input.

The microcomputers 150 and U1 are integrated circuits, and transmit and receive control signals to each circuit through eight pins.

That is, when the reference charge voltage and the discharge end voltage are set in advance, and the charge / discharge voltages of the batteries distributed in the resistors R7 and R8 and the resistors R16 and R17 are input through pins 6 and 7 After converting the input voltage into digital signal and storing it in the memory, it compares and analyzes the discharge end voltage and monitors the remaining discharge voltage of the battery and whether the battery is connected, and through the pins 2 and 3, the resistors (R2, R3) and resistors When the divided voltage is inputted at (R11, R12), the input divided voltage is converted into a digital signal and stored in the memory, and the reference charging voltage is monitored and controlled by comparing and analyzing the stored voltage and the reference charging voltage, and the connection state of the battery When the voltage state of the battery is normal, a square wave having a duty ratio of 1: 1 is output through pin 5 of the microcomputer, and the high signal of the square wave is transmitted through the cathode terminal of the diode D5 through the resistor R21 and capacitor C5. Integrated through) The transistor Q8 is turned on to drive the relay RL, and the low signal of the square wave turns off the transistor Q9 through the anode terminal of the diode D6, thereby supplying AC input power, whether the battery is connected, or not. Monitor the discharge voltage and discharge voltage remaining.

Also, when the battery connection state and the battery voltage state are abnormal, the control output may be outputted as a low or high signal to monitor the power supply state of the microcomputer to control the charge / discharge of the battery.

In addition, pin 1 is connected to the power terminal of 5V and at the same time connected to the capacitor (C2), pin 8 is grounded, pin 4 is connected to the status output and at the same time the resistor (R1) and transistor (Q4) It is connected to the emitter stage, the base terminal of the transistor (Q4) is connected to the resistors (R9, R10) and the capacitor (C8), the resistor (R9) is connected to the anode terminals of the diodes (D1, D3), the comparative analysis at the microcomputer It outputs whether the supplied AC input power is supplied, whether the battery is connected, the charge / discharge voltage, and the remaining charge.

The output unit 160 (CN1) is a connector connected to the voltage terminal (ie, 16.8V stage) of the power supply unit and the batteries BT1 and BT2, and outputs a voltage output from the power supply unit by connecting a specific load and charging / discharging Outputs the battery voltage.

The status output unit 170 or CN4 includes a diode D6 connected to pin 5 of the microcomputer, a resistor R25 connected between the anode terminal of the diode C6 and the voltage terminal 5V, and an anode terminal of the diode D6. A capacitor (C9) connected to the capacitor (C6) and a resistor (R26), a capacitor (C7) and a resistor (R27) connected to the other end of the resistor (R26), and a base connected to the transistor (Q9) and a collector stage of the transistor (Q9). A resistor R28 connected between the voltage terminals, a resistor R29 connected between the collector terminal of the transistor Q9 and the resistor R28, and a connector (ie, a state output unit) connected to the other end of the resistor R29, By connecting a specific load, it outputs whether or not AC input power and battery are connected, charge / discharge voltage, and discharge amount, which have been compared and analyzed in the microcomputer.

 In addition, TP1 to TP5 is a stage in which a program is downloaded to change a program of a microcomputer in a PC, and the memory uses a nonvolatile memory, or a flash memory with a CPU.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any person having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains may make various changes without departing from the gist of the present invention as claimed in the following claims.

As described in detail above, the present invention can shorten the time for setting the reference charging voltage of the battery, and can discharge the charging and discharging end voltages up to the reference charging voltage without errors and errors, thereby extending the life of the battery. It can be set more precisely by controlling the charge / discharge voltage with a microcomputer.

In addition, it is possible to control charge / discharge of the same voltage even if several units are produced without adjustment.

1 is a block diagram of a charge / discharge monitoring system of a battery according to the present invention,

2 is a circuit diagram of a charge / discharge monitoring system of a battery according to the present invention.

* Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings *

110: power supply unit 120: charging voltage control and charging voltage blocking unit

130: discharge voltage breaker 140: voltage divider

150, U1: microcomputer 170, CN1: output unit

180, CN2: Status output part D1-D9: Diode

R1-R29: resistor C1-C8: capacitor

BT1, BT2: Battery RL: Relay

Q1-Q9: Transistor SW: Switch

Claims (6)

       In the device for charging / discharging a plurality of batteries, A built-in AC / DC converter, and converts the input AC power into DC power when AC power is input, and supplies a main voltage for operating each component and a charging voltage for charging the battery; When the charging current is supplied from the power supply unit and the battery is charged, the battery recognizes and stores the reference charging voltage of the battery. When the charging voltage of the battery is equal to the reference charging voltage, the supply of the charging voltage to the battery is blocked. A charge voltage control unit and a charge voltage blocking unit to start recharging when discharged above a predetermined voltage; A discharge voltage blocking unit for supplying a discharge voltage from the battery when the power is not supplied from the power supply unit and blocking supply of the discharge voltage when the discharge voltage supplied from the battery is a preset discharge end voltage; A voltage distribution unit for distributing and transmitting a charge / discharge voltage supplied from the battery; And An A / D converter is provided, and converts and stores an analog signal of the voltage input from the voltage divider into a digital signal, and the reference charging voltage to which the deviation is applied and the discharge termination voltage of the battery are preset. The power supply unit monitors whether the power is supplied and discharges the battery when no power is supplied, and when the power is supplied, instructs to charge the battery, and when the battery is charged, the input charging voltage and the reference charging voltage. When the battery is discharged, if the discharge voltage is lower than the discharge voltage, if the discharge voltage is less than the discharge voltage, the control voltage is cut off. A battery comprising: a microcomputer for monitoring whether the battery is connected during charging / discharging of the microcomputer The charge / discharge monitoring systems.       The method of claim 1,       An output unit connected to the power supply unit and the battery to output an output voltage of the power supply unit and an output voltage of the battery; And The microcomputer further includes a state output unit for outputting a result of comparing and analyzing the input power, whether the battery is connected, the charge / discharge voltage, and the remaining amount of battery discharge by the microcomputer according to the microcomputer's instruction. Charge / discharge monitoring system of a battery, characterized in that.       The method of claim 1,       And a memory connected to the microcomputer to store the digital signal converted by the microcomputer.       The method of claim 1, wherein the discharge voltage blocking unit       Composed of a switch and a relay, when the operating voltage is not supplied from the power supply unit, the switch is turned on to supply the operating voltage from the battery, and when the switch (SW) is turned on switch the c contact of the relay to the d contact And the f th contact is switched to the e th contact at the same time.       The method of claim 1, wherein the microcomputer Outputs a square wave with a duty ratio of 1: 1 and turns on the transistor when the signal is high, and turns off the transistor when the signal is low, thereby monitoring the connection state of the battery and the charge / discharge voltage of the battery. Battery charge / discharge monitoring system.       The method of claim 1, wherein the microcomputer A charge / discharge monitoring system for a battery, characterized in that for monitoring the power input of the power supply by outputting a low or high signal.