KR200362463Y1 - Fixture - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fixture embedded in a patient's alveolar bone, and in particular, the body of the fixture is composed of a vertical portion and multiple inclined portions, and adopts a multi-threaded structure such as two rows of threads to reduce stress concentrated in the cortical bone. By dispersing it into cancellous bone, it is possible to reduce bone loss and secure high initial fixation force and final fixation force even at weak bone quality. By implementing a mechanical surface with low roughness by machining, it can secure affinity with gingiva during bone loss.The tip of the body is shaped like a dome so that it can be easily buried while pushing the bone even in the case of weak bone. Self-tapping is possible by having a tab groove at a predetermined position, and the surface area is increased by blasting the surface of the body part. It relates to fix Miniature with improved osseointegration properties.

Description

Fixtures {Fixture}

The present invention relates to a fixture embedded in a patient's alveolar bone, and in particular, the body of the fixture is composed of a vertical portion and multiple inclined portions, and adopts a multi-threaded structure such as two rows of threads to reduce stress concentrated in the cortical bone. By dispersing it into cancellous bone, it is possible to reduce bone loss and secure high initial fixation force and final fixation force even at weak bone quality. By implementing a mechanical surface with low roughness by machining, it can secure affinity with gingiva during bone loss.The tip of the body is shaped like a dome so that it can be easily buried while pushing the bone even in the case of weak bone. Self-tapping is possible by having a tab groove at a predetermined position, and the surface area is increased by blasting to the surface of the body part. It was written on improving the osseointegration Miniature Castle online.

1 is a perspective view of a conventional fixture. The fixture 1 generally consists of a body 12 having a head 11 and a collar 124. Although not shown, the fixture 1 is inserted into a buried hole formed through several stages of drilling in the alveolar bone to form a natural tooth root. Will be replaced. At this time, the buried hole perforated in the alveolar bone is formed so that the diameter is slightly smaller than the diameter of the body portion of the fixture, this is to secure the fixing force by inducing the tightening force of the alveolar bone by fitting the fixture to the alveolar bone. However, since the trunk is composed only of the vertical part, the difference in the diameter of the trunk and the hole of the alveolar bone is uniform throughout, so in the case of the patient with weak bone, the alveolar bone is weak in the fixation due to the weak force of the fixture. It has been pointed out that the fixation force is lowered during fixation and final seating, and because the tip diameter of the body part is slightly larger than the diameter of the entry hole of the recess, the initial positioning of the fixture is difficult, so that the initial accessibility is low, and thus the convenience of the procedure is low. In addition, in the medical system, a fixture composed of only vertical parts has been reported to have a medically stress-dispersing effect, and stress is concentrated in the cortical bone to promote bone loss. Furthermore, since the tip 123 of the torso is flat, it is difficult to perform Sinus Floor Elevation to fix the fixture while lifting the bone without penetrating the bone of the patient with weak bone, and the surface of the torso is smooth. Has a problem in that the contact area is small and the osteolysis is poor. In addition, it adopts a single-threaded thread structure, which takes much time for the procedure, low initial fixation force and stress dissipation effect, and the collar 124 of the torso part has high roughness. Has been pointed out that the affinity of. For reference, the fixture is embedded in the alveolar bone up to the collar portion, but loss of the alveolar bone occurs due to various factors, and the gingival is filled up to the lost portion, wherein the collar 124 is in contact with the gingiva.

The present invention was devised in order to solve the problems of the prior art, an object of the present invention, the body portion is composed of a vertical portion, the first inclined portion and the second inclined portion by dispersing the stress concentrated in the cortical bone to the cancellous bone bone loss It is possible to secure high initial fixation force and high fixation force at final settling even in weak bone, and have excellent initial entry and anatomical shape similar to natural tooth, providing a fixture that is advantageous to secure distance from adjacent root. .

Another object of the present invention, in addition to the above object by adopting a multi-screw, such as two-line screw structure in the body to provide a fixture that is excellent in the initial fixation force or stress dispersion effect even in weak bone quality and can improve the treatment speed.

Another object of the present invention is to produce a mechanical surface with low roughness by precisely machining a predetermined portion of the upper outer circumferential surface of the torso of the fixture in consideration of biological width, so that bone loss occurs after implantation. It is to provide a fixture that can ensure affinity with the gingiva even if it is in contact with the gingiva.

Another object of the present invention is to change the tip of the body from the conventional flat shape to the dome shape to facilitate the insertion of the sinus floor elevation (Sinus Floor Elevation) by making it easier to enter the bone while pushing the bone even in patients with weak bone It is to provide a fixture.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a self-tapping by installing a tab groove of a predetermined length in the longitudinal direction in the trunk portion, so that the weak bone does not require surgical tapping operation, and in the hard bone, the procedure torque is reduced by reducing the torque during the procedure. It is to provide a fixture that is increased.

1 is a perspective view of a conventional fixture.

2 to 4 is an orthogonal perspective view of a fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a view showing a state before the fixture is buried in the alveolar bone according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing excellent initial entry.

6 is a view illustrating a state in which a fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention is embedded in an alveolar bone, and before bone loss occurs.

7 is a view illustrating a state in which a fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention is embedded in an alveolar bone, and after bone loss occurs.

8 is a view showing an example of a conventional fixture showing an example of a vertical fixture in which the outer surface of the body portion is vertical.

9 is a view showing another example of a conventional pickture, showing an example of a foreground perspective fixture in which the entire outer surface of the body portion is inclined.

10 is a graph measuring the stress applied to the cortical bone and the cancellous bone by applying a load to the fixture of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 7 and the conventional fixture shown in FIGS.

FIG. 11 is a view illustrating a state in which a fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention is embedded in an alveolar bone of a patient, and has an anatomical shape similar to that of a natural root and is effective in securing a distance from an adjacent root.

<Short description of drawing symbols>

1: fixture 11: head

12: The body 121: Screw thread

122: outer surface 123: distal end

124: Color 2: fixture

3: head part 4: torso part

41: Color 43: Vertical part

431: vertical outer mirror 432: vertical inner mirror

45: first slope portion 451: the first slope outside mirror

452: the first inclined mirror surface 47: the second slope

471: the second inclined mirror 472: the second inclined mirror

473: tip 46: multi-threaded

464: first screw thread 465: second screw thread

48: tap groove 481: blade

P: Pitch L: Lead

D1, D2, D3: Diameter

I2: 1st slope

r1, r2, r3: radius

The present invention is implemented by the embodiment having the following configuration to achieve the above object.

According to a first embodiment of the present invention, the fixture of the present invention includes a head portion and a trunk portion, and a thread is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the trunk portion so that the body portion is embedded in the alveolar bone of the patient, wherein the trunk portion is a vertical portion. And a first inclined portion inclined downward at a predetermined inclination angle from the vertical portion, and a second inclined portion inclined downward in a predetermined inclination angle at the first inclined portion, and is inclined toward the second inclined portion from the first inclined portion. The vertical portion, the first slope portion, and the second slope portion each have an inner diameter surface and an outer diameter surface, so that the stress dispersion effect is excellent.

According to the second embodiment of the present invention, the fixture of the present invention, in the first embodiment, the vertical portion includes a vertical inner diameter surface having a vertical outer diameter all of the same outer diameter and the inner diameter reduced to a predetermined inclination angle It is characterized by high initial fixation force and high fixation force at the final meal even in weak bone quality after the meal.

According to the third embodiment of the present invention, the fixture of the present invention, in the second embodiment, the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the first inclined portion is axially tilted at the same inclination angle to be uniform over the entire first inclined portion and the second The inner diameter and the outer diameter of the inclined portion are also reduced in diameter at the same inclination angle, and are characterized in that they are uniform over the entire second inclined portion.

According to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, in the third embodiment, the fixture of the present invention is characterized in that the body portion adopts a multi-threaded structure.

According to the fifth embodiment of the present invention, the fixture of the present invention, in the fourth embodiment, is characterized in that the tip portion of the trunk portion has a dome shape, and thus, it is easy to perform maxillary sinus elevation.

According to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, the fixture of the present invention, in the fifth embodiment, the body portion further has a collar on the upper portion of the vertical portion, the collar of the predetermined portion of the outer peripheral surface of the biological width diameter In consideration of this, it is precision machined and has a low roughness, so it is characterized by excellent affinity with gingiva during bone loss.

According to the seventh embodiment of the present invention, in the sixth embodiment, the fixture of the present invention is characterized in that a predetermined portion of the outer circumferential surface of the collar is 2.04 mm.

According to an eighth embodiment of the present invention, in the fixture of the present invention, in the first to sixth embodiments, a tab groove is formed in an axial direction at a predetermined position of the body portion, and the tab groove is in a circumferential direction. At least one spaced apart a predetermined interval is characterized in that the laying.

Applicants will now be described in detail with reference to the present embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The fixture 2 has a head portion 3 and a body portion 4.

The head part 3 is a portion into which an abutment (not shown) is inserted later. The head part 3 protrudes outward in the case of an external type, but is recessed inward in the case of an internal type. It has a cotton.

The trunk portion 4 includes a collar 41, a vertical portion 43, a first inclined portion 45, and a second inclined portion 47.

The collar 41 is in contact with the alveolar bone after implantation, and the portion of the collar 41 in contact with the gingival is a very important factor. In the present invention, in order to ensure affinity with gingiva, a mechanical surface having a low roughness is realized by precision machining on the outer circumferential surface. The width (W1) is determined in consideration of bone loss generation, and generally 2.04 mm is suitable.

The vertical portion 43 includes a vertical outer diameter surface 431 and a vertical inner diameter surface 432. The vertical outer diameter surface 431 means a ridged surface of the thread 46, and has the same outer diameter throughout the vertical portion. In addition, the vertical inner diameter surface 432 means the valley surface of the screw thread, but may have the same inner diameter throughout the vertical portion, preferably as shown in Figure 4 is reduced in the tilted down to the inclination angle β1 r1> r2 It is appropriate to be> r3. Fixtures having such a structure are embedded in the alveolar bone and then generate a wedge effect, thereby receiving a strong tightening force of the alveolar bone, and thus, an early fixation force and an anchoring force at the final seating can be obtained. In particular, in the case of weak bones such as grades D3 to D4 (classified as D1 to D4 depending on the strength of the bone, D1 means strong bone, and D4 means weak bone), the diameter of the alveolar bone and the vertical If the difference in diameter is uniform, the tightening force of the alveolar bone is lowered after the implantation, and the initial fixation force and the final seating fixation force are lowered, and eventually the implant procedure fails. Therefore, the diameter of the alveolar bone by tapering the diameter of the vertical inner diameter surface 432 is reduced. It is very important to improve the clamping force by tightening the tightening force. And, as will be described below, in the conventional fixture only a vertical portion, the stress is concentrated in the cortical bone to promote bone loss often causes the implant procedure to fail, such a problem is formed by forming a slope in the entire body The configuration of tapering the vertical inner diameter surface 432 of the vertical portion can also be solved to help solve this problem.

The first inclined portion 45 includes a first inclined outer surface 451 and a second inclined inner surface 452, and the first inclined outer surface 451 represents a ridged surface of the thread 46. One inclined inner surface 452 means the valley surface of the thread. The first inclined outer surface is reduced at the same inclination angle α1 throughout the first inclined portion, and the first inclined inner surface is reduced at the same inclination angle β2. Here, the inclination angle α1 and the inclination angle β2 may or may not be the same. The reason for giving the inclination angle is to maximize the stress dispersion effect to disperse the stress concentrated in the cortical bone to the sponges as in the case of the vertical part, and to secure a high initial fixation force at the time of planting, especially at weak bones at the time of planting, and high fixation force at the final settlement. .

Like the first inclined portion 47, the second inclined portion 47 includes a second inclined outer surface 471 and a second inclined inner surface 472, and the second inclined outer surface 471 is formed of the thread 46. Mean ridged surface and the second inclined inner surface 472 means the valley surface of the thread. The second inclined outer surface is reduced at the same inclination angle α2 over the second inclined portion, and the second inclined inner surface is reduced at the same inclination angle β3. Here, the inclination angle α2 and the inclination angle β3 may or may not be the same. The reason for the inclination angle is as in the case of the vertical part and the first inclined part, which maximizes the stress dispersing effect of dispersing the stress concentrated in the cortical bone into the cancellous bone. This is to secure. In addition, as in the present invention, the first inclined portion and the second inclined portion having different tapes are intended to ensure excellent stress dispersion effect and high initial fixation force as compared to one inclined portion. It will be described by comparing with the comparative example. In addition, it is preferable to manufacture fixtures having various lengths by fixing the lengths of the vertical part and the first inclination part and varying the length of the second inclination part. For example, the lengths of the vertical part and the first inclination part are 3 mm and 2 mm, respectively. By fixing and varying the length of the second inclined portion, it is possible to manufacture a variety of fixtures having a total length of 8.5mm, 10mm, 11.5mm, 13mm, 15mm.

The aforementioned collar, vertical portion, first inclined portion and second inclined portion are sequentially connected to form a body portion. Fixtures should be at least 1.5mm ~ 2mm away from adjacent roots after implantation (Korean Oral & Maxillofacial Implantology) .The fixtures with these multi-stage inclinations are anatomically shaped with natural roots. As the shape is similar, the diameter d1 of the tip of the trunk portion is smaller than the distance S of the adjacent root 3, so that a proper distance can be maintained with the adjacent root 3 even after the implantation, as shown in FIG. Not.

In addition, according to another embodiment of the present invention, the tab groove 48 in the longitudinal direction is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the body portion (4). Unlike conventional fixtures in which the tab groove starts at the tip, the tab groove 48 is formed by cutting away a part of the thread in the longitudinal direction from a point spaced at a predetermined distance from the tip 473, the fixture of the present invention. In the case of the diameter of the alveolar bone hole H is larger than the diameter d1 of the distal end portion 473 of the alveolar bone, as shown in FIG. Even if you do not give additional torque to the point equal to the diameter H of the hole, it is inserted effortlessly, and the position is the same as the diameter of the hole. It is formed by a predetermined length. When torque is applied to the fixture, the tab groove 48 forms a female thread on the alveolar bone while the edge line 481 cuts the alveolar bone, which is called self tapping. And, in order to increase the self-tapping effect, it is also possible to form a plurality of tab grooves spaced at regular intervals in the circumferential direction of the body portion, it is preferable to form three at intervals of 120 degrees. When the tap groove is provided in this way, it is possible to reduce the procedure time in the weak bone, such as D3 ~ D4 grade because surgical tapping is not necessary, and in the strong bone of the D1 ~ D2 grade, the procedure can be reduced.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the tip portion 473 of the trunk portion 473 has a dome shape, which is advantageous to push the bone when the bone is weak. Facilitate the implementation of elevation. A fixture with such a domed tip is compared with a conventional fixture in which the tip is flat.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, after the fixture is embedded in the alveolar bone, the surface of the body is blasted with a material such as HA (HydroApitite), titanium, alumina, etc. so that the torso of the fixture is preferably fused to the alveolar bone. Small particles may be sprayed on the surface of the body at high pressure and high speed to increase the surface area), thereby improving bone fusion. Preferably, HA that is most similar to the bone component is suitable, and HA similar to the bone component remains on the surface of the torso to obtain an effect of improving the compatibility with the alveolar bone, and the surface roughness is about 1.2 to 1.8㎛. Is suitable.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, by adopting a multi-threaded structure in the body portion of the fixture may shorten the procedure time or secure a high initial fixing force in the case of weak bone. As defined by the multiple threads of lead L = i * p, the lead L becomes larger as the number of threads i increases. Therefore, the entry amount per revolution of the fixture can be increased to reduce the procedure time. In addition, a multi-threaded fixture has a higher resistance to embedding than a single-threaded structure, so that a high initial fixation force can be obtained even in a weak bone. 2, a fixture with a two-row threaded structure 464, 465 is disclosed.

Figure 5 is a view showing the state before the fixture is buried in the alveolar bone according to an embodiment of the present invention, it is a view showing excellent initial entry. Referring to FIG. 5, the fixture of the present invention has a diameter d1 of the distal end smaller than the diameter H of the recessed hole, and the diameter is increased so that the body portion can be inserted without torque until a point at which the diameter becomes equal to H. The effect of easy positioning of the fixture on the alveolar bone (meaning excellent initial entry) can be obtained.

6 is a view illustrating a state in which a fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention is embedded in an alveolar bone, and before bone loss occurs. As shown in FIG. 6, when the fixture 2 is embedded in the alveolar bone G, the collar 41 initially contacts the alveolar bone G, and as the bone loss occurs, the gingival B descends and the bone loss occurs. The space G (the space between the alveolar bone before bone loss) and the boundary line of G is filled and eventually comes into contact with the gingiva B as shown in FIG. Whereas the area in contact with the alveolar bone requires a certain degree of roughness to improve the compatibility with the alveolar bone, the area in contact with the gingiva requires a high degree of surface precision in order to increase the affinity with the gingiva. Accordingly, in the present invention, the affinity with the gingiva can be secured by implementing a mechanical surface having a low roughness by precisely machining the predetermined height W1 of the collar 41 in consideration of the bone loss amount W2.

Applicants have experimented with the fixture of the present invention, the fixture 6 having only a vertical portion, and the fixture 7 having only an inclined portion under the same conditions, with reference to FIGS. 8 to 10 below. Explain the effect.

Experimental condition

Applicants use PlassoTech's "3G" FEM program to fix both ends of the bone and load 100N vertical load and 100N inclined load on the abutment mounted on the top of the external fixture. 8) and Comparative Example 2 (Fig. 9) to apply a linear analysis to obtain the graph of Fig.

In addition, the test examples used herein, the fixtures of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are all made of titanium having an elastic modulus of 120 Gpa and a Poisson's ratio of 0.3.

Test Example

Product specification:

Body part length 11.5mm (color: 1.5, vertical part: 3, the first inclination part: 2, the second inclination part: 5mm)

4.0mm maximum diameter, 2.7mm minimum diameter

Thread depth: 3.0mm

Test result:

16.0 Mpa on cortical bone and 1.0 Mpa on cavernous bone against normal load

52.5Mpa on cortical bone and 1.4Mpa on spongy bone

Comparative Example 1

Product specification:

Body length 11.5mm

4.0 mm in diameter (constant throughout body)

Thread depth 3.0mm

Test result:

37.2.Mpa on cortical bone and 4.7Mpa on cavernous bone for vertical load

117.0 Mpa on cortical bone and 15.4 Mpa on sponge bone

Comparative Example 2

Product specification:

Body length 11.5mm

Maximum Diameter 3.7mm to Minimum Diameter 3.0mm

Thread depth 3.0mm

Test result:

27.7Mpa in cortical bone and 2.0Mpa in spongy bone against vertical load

51.6Mpa on cortical bone and 7.8Mpa on spongy bone

As shown in FIG. 10, both in the case of applying the vertical load or in the case of applying the inclined load, Comparative Example 2 has a higher stress dispersion effect than Comparative Example 1, and the Test Example has superior stress distribution effect than Comparative Example 1. can confirm.

The present invention can obtain the following effects by the above configuration.

The fixture of the present invention is composed of the body part of the vertical part, the first inclination part and the second inclination part to disperse the stress concentrated in the cortical bone to the spongy bone to minimize bone loss. It can be secured and has excellent initial entry, and the anatomical shape is similar to that of the natural root, which is advantageous to secure the distance from the adjacent root.

The fixture of the present invention adopts a multi-threaded structure, such as a two-line screw structure, to achieve an effect of excellent initial fixation force or stress dispersion effect and improved procedure speed even in weak bone.

The fixture of the present invention, by precisely machining a predetermined portion of the upper outer peripheral surface of the body of the fixture in consideration of the biological width (Biological Width) occurs bone loss after implantation, even if the outer peripheral surface contact with the gingival affinity with the gingiva It has the effect that it can be secured.

Fixture of the present invention, by changing the tip of the body portion from the conventional flat shape to the dome shape, it is easy to enter while pushing the bone even in patients with weak bones to facilitate the implementation of sinus floor elevation (Sinus Floor Elevation) Can be obtained.

Fixture of the present invention, by installing a tab groove of a predetermined length in the longitudinal direction in the body portion to enable self-tapping, it does not require surgical tapping in weak bones, while reducing the selling torque during the procedure in hard bones You can expect the effect to increase.

Claims (8)

In the fixture that includes a head portion and the body portion and the thread is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the body portion to be embedded in the alveolar bone of the patient, the body portion is a vertical portion and the first inclined portion inclined downward at a predetermined inclination angle from the vertical portion, Including the second inclined portion inclined downward from the first inclined portion to the second inclined portion from the first inclined portion, the vertical portion, the first inclined portion and the second inclined portion, respectively, the inner and outer diameter Fixture having a surface and excellent stress dispersion effect. The method of claim 1, wherein the vertical portion includes a vertical outer surface having the same outer diameter and a vertical inner diameter having an inner diameter reduced to a predetermined inclination angle, so that a high initial fixation force and a high fixation force may be obtained even at a weak bone after the implantation. Fixture characterized in that. The inner and outer diameters of the first inclined portion are reduced to the same inclination angle to be uniform throughout the first inclined portion, and the inner and outer diameters of the second inclined portion are also inclined at the same inclination angle to cover the entire second inclined portion. Fixture characterized by uniformity. The fixture according to claim 3, wherein the trunk portion adopts a multithreaded structure. The fixture of claim 4, wherein the tip portion of the trunk portion has a dome shape to facilitate the maxillary sinus elevation. 6. The body of claim 5, wherein the body further has a collar on top of the vertical portion, and the collar has a predetermined portion of its outer circumferential surface precisely machined in consideration of biological width so that it has excellent affinity with gingiva during bone loss. Fixture characterized in that. The fixture of claim 6, wherein a predetermined portion of the outer circumferential surface of the collar is 2.04 mm. The fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a tab groove is formed at a predetermined position of the body portion in an axial direction, and the tab groove is provided at least one spaced apart at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction. .