KR200362454Y1 - forced circulation smoke tube boiler for multi purpose hot water, satulation and super heated steam - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a boiler that supplies hot water saturated steam superheated steam simultaneously with one boiler. More specifically, the upper heated water chamber with a built-in combustion chamber and the saturated steam with high temperature are heated at a high temperature. It consists of two structures consisting of hot water consisting of steam superheater and a body separating steam containing a main body generating steam and a heat accumulator for accumulating superheated steam, and operating at a low pressure of 1 Kg / ㎠ or less for various purposes. According to the operating temperature of the heating element, hot water, saturated steam, and high temperature superheated steam can be supplied to the same boiler at the same time, and the vortex combustion that turns and reverses by Bernoulli effect by installing the front and rear inverted combustion plates before and after the combustion chamber. To generate a large amount of combustion more efficiently than the existing boiler's volume ratio. It is designed to be compact and lightweight, and has a top-down combustion structure that minimizes the convection of the gas itself caused by the difference in density due to the temperature change during the movement of the combustion gas, and water flows in the opposite direction to the flow of the combustion gas. The present invention relates to an apparatus for efficiently generating steam by heating while excluding the gas.

Accordingly, the compact and compact boiler efficiently generates superheated steam of low pressure and high temperature to the heat transfer surface under the same conditions, thereby reducing the weight of the external heat generator using the same and improving thermal efficiency.

Description

Forced circulation smoke tube boiler for multi purpose hot water, satulation and super heated steam}

The present invention heats water by indirect heating through heat transfer surface using combustion heat, and the water excludes the natural convection method caused by the difference in density due to temperature change, and uses self-coalizing force when steam is generated at saturation temperature. The present invention relates to a forced circulation associated perfusion type steam generator that generates hot water, saturated steam, and superheated steam by generating forced circulation force in the body.

Boilers known to date are electrothermal methods for circulating and heating water, and are classified into three types as follows.

1) watering natural circulation furnace

2) Watering Natural Circulating Water Pipe Boiler

3) Watering forced circulation water pipe type boiler

Here, the method of 3) is adopted to the boiler of high temperature and high pressure, and the water supplied by high pressure into the first stage of the continuous circulation or continuous pipe is heated in the order of preheating, evaporation, and overheating. Is a boiler with a water pipe from which high-pressure, high-temperature steam is derived, and the method of 1) and 2) separates water and steam in the horizontal and wide boundary and the temperature of steam and water inside the boiler corresponds to the saturation temperature corresponding to the boiler working pressure. It is designed to maintain the same temperature as that of most boilers currently used.

However, the same method as 1) has a problem in that it is difficult to reduce the weight because it uses steam of high temperature and high pressure. In addition, 2) or 3) has a problem in that the size of the combustion chamber must be increased in order to generate a large amount of hot water and steam.

The present invention was devised to solve the above problems, and a large amount of combustion is efficiently performed in comparison with the combustion chamber volume, and a main object of the present invention is to provide a boiler capable of reducing weight by generating high temperature superheated steam at low pressure. In addition, it is another object of the present invention to provide a boiler capable of increasing heat drop due to a decrease in saturation temperature due to low pressure operation, thereby improving heat transfer efficiency of the heat transfer unit.

And it is another object to provide a boiler that can achieve energy saving by improving the thermal efficiency and at the same time to achieve a compact and light weight of the heat generating device installed outside the boiler using hot water and steam.

1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a forced circulation associated perfusion type steam generator combined with hot water, saturated steam and superheated steam according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2: Cross section view of A-a of FIG. 1

Figure 3: Cross section view of B-b of Figure 1

4: Cross section view of C-c of FIG. 1

5 is a circulation diagram of the operation of the forced circulation associated type perfusion type steam generator combined with hot water, saturated steam and superheated steam according to an embodiment of the present invention.

<Description of Symbols Used in Main Parts of Drawing>

1: circulating water inlet 2: lower heated water chamber

3: connecting water pipe 4: upper heating water chamber

5-1: Front connection channel 5-2: Rear connection channel

6-1: Front Water Cooling Room 6-2: Rear Water Cooling Room

7: nose connector 8-1: front upper passage

8-2: Rear upper passage 9: Riding passage

10: Separation chamber 11: saturated steam outlet

12: saturated steam inlet 13: steam superheater (super heater)

14: superheated steam outlet 15: superheated steam connector

16: heat storage chamber 17: hot water outlet

18: Association 19: water gauge

20: combustion chamber 21: front inverted burner

22: reverse inversion burning plate 23: reinforcement column

24: separator 25: cylinder

26: air preheater 27: exhaust recruitment pipe

28: stack 29: main air passage

30: auxiliary air passage 31: sight hole

32: blower 33: burner

34: separating bulkhead

The present invention was devised to solve the above problems, and installed a plurality of semi-circular associations between the cylindrical outer cylinder and the inner cylinder whose front and rear ends were blocked to penetrate the inner and outer sides to minimize the heat transfer area ratio retention quantity of the combustion gas flowing through the inner and outer cylinders. A steam generator formed of an upper warm water chamber; A hot water generating unit forming the same structure as the upper warm water chamber but having a lower warm water chamber installed by changing up and down; A steam superheater configured to form a steam superheater composed of a plurality of steam heating tubes and a separator to superheat steam between upper and lower hot water chambers; A combustion unit including a front water cooling chamber in which a burner inlet is formed at the center of one inner surface of the inner cylinder of the upper warm water chamber, and a rear water cooling chamber at the other side in which a sight hole is formed in the center; A plurality of air preheating tubes for preheating the combustion cylinder having both ends fixed to the inside of the inner chamber of the lower warm water chamber, and both ends are fixed to the inside of the isolation cylinder, and exhaust vents provided with the through holes in the lower portion thereof. An air preheating unit configured to preheat air by a pipe; A superheated steam connector is mounted on the inside, and a heat accumulator is built in to accumulate superheated steam. Both ends are blocked and the cylinder consists of a cylindrical outer cylinder and an inner cylinder installed with a rising passage inside. A water gauge on the front is saturated steam outlet. Hot water, saturation and forming a radix separation chamber in which the hot water outlet is attached to the lower portion of the central portion and connected to the main body and the upper upper passage, the upper rear passage and the nose connection pipe; The forced circulation associated perfusion type steam generator combined with steam and superheated steam is the technical subject.

The combustion unit is installed on the inside spaced apart from the burner inlet by a predetermined distance, the through-hole is formed in the center and the front inverted combustion plate curved around the through-hole side of the through-hole; It is preferably configured to further include; a rear inverted burner is installed inside the spaced apart a predetermined distance and the through hole is formed in the center and the periphery of the through hole curved to the burner inlet side.

A hot water tank provided inside the hot water heat exchanger through which the hot water heated by the main body passes to heat the water to produce and store hot water; The hot water tank is located between the hot water heat exchanger and the main body, and the superheated steam and hot water mixed in the steam superheater are mixed and the hot water introduced from the main body is kept higher than the surface of the water separation chamber in the hot water tank. A mixing tube for preventing hot water from convection naturally with the heat exchanger; A heating unit configured to receive the warmed water from the heat exchanger of the hot water tank to radiate heat through a heating heat exchanger; A circulation pump configured to pressurize the hot water discharged from the heating unit and to send it to the main body; A low temperature heat generation chamber configured to receive saturated steam from the water separator and radiate heat in a saturated steam heat exchanger; A high temperature heat generating chamber which receives the superheated steam superheated in the steam superheater and radiates heat through the superheated steam heat exchanger; An air separation unit configured to receive a plurality of air containing air from the low temperature heat generating chamber and the high temperature heat generating chamber, separate the air, and discharge the air to the outside; It is preferable to include more.

The mixing tube is provided with a pressure control valve operated by the pressure in the mixing tube in the passage through which the superheated steam is introduced to adjust the pressure of the superheated steam and to ensure that the saturated steam always flows to the steam superheater.

Preferably, the circulation pump is configured to form an orifice in the inlet pipe and connect the throttle portion of the orifice to the air separator to suck a plurality of the air separator by the flow rate of water flowing through the inlet.

And the circulation pump, it is preferable that a bypass to the heat exchanger of the hot water tank is formed on the outlet side.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail with the hot water, saturated steam and superheated steam combined perfusion type perfusion type steam generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail with the hot water, saturated steam and superheated steam combined perfusion type perfusion type steam generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The boiler of the present invention is composed of a steam generator, a hot water generator, steam superheater, combustion unit, the air preheating unit and the main body separation unit.

First, the steam generator will be described. The steam generating unit forms a double layer of a cylindrical inner cylinder and an outer cylinder whose front and rear surfaces are blocked, and an upper heated water chamber 4 and an upper heated water chamber 4 in which a plurality of semi-circular associations 18 are installed between the inner and outer cylinders. It is configured to include a passage that is coupled to the plurality of through-holes formed on the upper side and connected to the separation unit to be described later. The semicircular linkage 18 is configured to penetrate the upper portion of the inner cylinder and the lower portion of the outer cylinder to connect the inner and inner portions of the outer cylinder. Here, all the rear surfaces of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder have a through hole formed at the center thereof, thereby forming a burner 33 inlet and a sight hole 31 of the combustion unit which will be described later.

Next, the hot water generating unit will be described. The hot water generating unit is composed of the inner and outer cylinder and the semi-circular association 18 of the upper heated water chamber 4, but the lower heated water chamber 2 is upside down with the upper heated water chamber 4 And it is located under the steam generating chamber.

The steam superheater will be described. The steam superheater is located between the steam generator and the hot water generator, and a plurality of steam heating tubes pass through. In addition, the separator 24 is formed between the steam heating tube so that the combustion gas introduced through the semi-circular tube 18 of the upper heating water chamber 4 moves downward through the separator 24. Combustion gas is contacted with two steam heating tubes.

Next, the combustion unit will be described. The combustion unit is located in the inner cylinder inner space of the upper warm water chamber (4). A burner 33 is coupled through a through hole formed at one side of the upper heated water chamber 4 to configure combustion to occur in the upper heated water chamber 4. In addition, the through hole is formed on the opposite side of the burner 33 to form a see-through ball 31. The sight hole 31 allows to check the combustion state of the combustion unit.

Here, the burner (33) inlet and the sight hole (31) are coupled to the front inverted burner (21) and the rear inverted burner (22), respectively. The inverted combustion plates form a disc shape, and a through hole is formed at the center thereof, and the periphery of the through hole is curved to one side. The inverted combustion plates are installed at a predetermined distance apart. The reason why the inverted combustion plates are provided as described above is that when the air passes through the central through hole of the inverted combustion plate, the pressure on the back side of the front and rear inverted burners is lower than the air pressure at the center of the combustion chamber 20, so that the inside of the combustion chamber 20 is provided. This is because a turn reversal occurs at, whereby fuel and air are better mixed, which enables a good high combustion amount of 8 times that of the conventional boiler combustion chamber 20.

Next, the air preheating unit will be described. The air preheating unit is located in the inner cylinder of the lower warm water chamber (2) and is located in the isolation cylinder 25 and the isolation cylinder 25 in which a plurality of through-holes are formed in the upper portion and forms a cylindrical shape. A plurality of through-holes are formed and one end is located between the exhaust recruitment pipe 27 and the isolation cylinder 25 and the exhaust recruitment pipe 27 connected to the chimney 28 as an air preheating tube consisting of a plurality of pipes Is done.

Here, one end of the exhaust recruitment pipe 27 is blocked and connects the blower 32 to the outside thereof. At this time, the connection portion of one end of the blower 32 and the exhaust recruitment pipe 27 has a cylindrical shape and is configured such that the lower side is opened so that air is introduced through the blower 32 and the opposite side through the lower portion of the air preheating pipe. It is configured to go to. Some of the air moved to the opposite side is moved to the sight hole 31 through the auxiliary air passage 30 located on the upper side, and some of the air is moved again through the air preheating pipe installed on the upper side and the main air passage 29 The burner 33 is moved to the side.

Next, the separation unit will be described. The radiator separation unit has a superheated steam connector (15) inside the built-in heat accumulator to accumulate the superheated steam, the front and rear both ends are blocked, and consists of a cylindrical outer cylinder and the inner cylinder installed with a nose rise passage (9) therein; On the front side, the water gauge 19 is formed at the top of the rear of the steam evaporation chamber (11) and the hot water outlet (17) attached to the lower end of the central portion is formed, the main body and the front upper passage (8-1) It is connected to the rear upper passage (8-1) and the nose connector (7).

In addition, the boiler is connected to a hot water tank, a mixing tube, a heating unit, a circulation pump, a low temperature heat generating room, a high temperature heat generating room, and an air separation unit.

The hot water tank passes the hot water and superheated steam introduced from the boiler to a hot water heat exchanger formed therein to heat the water therein to generate and store hot water.

The mixing tube is located between the hot water heat exchanger and the main body of the hot water tank, and the superheated steam and hot water superheated in the steam superheater 13 are mixed, and the inlet position of the hot water introduced from the main body of the water separation chamber 10 Maintaining higher than the water surface prevents hot water from convection naturally by the heat exchanger of the hot water tank. In addition, a pressure control valve operated by the pressure in the mixing tube is provided in the passage through which the superheated steam is introduced to adjust the pressure of the superheated steam, so that the saturated steam always flows in the steam superheater 13 of the steam superheater 13. It will prevent burning.

In addition, the heating unit receives the hot water passing through the hot water heat exchanger inside the hot water tank to pass the heating heat exchanger to perform heating.

The circulation pump pressurizes the hot water introduced from the heating unit and sends the hot water to the hot water heat exchanger in the main body or the hot water tank. To this end, the outlet side of the circulation pump connects a conduit to the main body of the boiler and connects a bypass to the hot water heat exchanger in the hot water tank.

The low temperature heat generating chamber receives the saturated steam supplied from the water separator of the boiler to radiate heat through the low temperature heat exchanger, and transfers the plurality of heat radiation to the air separation unit to be described later.

The high temperature heat generating chamber receives the superheated steam discharged through the steam superheater of the boiler to radiate heat through the high temperature heat exchanger, thereby transferring the plurality of heat radiation to the air separation unit.

The air separation unit separates air from the plurality after receiving a plurality of air mixtures from the low temperature heat generating chamber and the high temperature heat generating chamber, and the air is discharged to the outside. The air separation unit is connected to the orifice of the orifice formed on the inlet side of the circulation pump to separate the air by the pressure difference generated as water flows from the pipe on the inlet side of the circulation pump by the operation of the circulation pump. Inhale the revenge in the wealth.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail for the operation and effects of the present invention. In the embodiment of the present invention, the water gauge 19 is mounted on the outside in order to check the height of the water inside the separation chamber 10. First, water is filled up to 50% of the water gauge 19, and then the blower 32 is operated to pass combustion air through the air preheating unit through the main air passage 29 and the auxiliary air passage 30 to burner 33. It is transmitted to the side and the sight hole 31 side.

The air moved to the burner 33 is divided into primary air obtained through the diffuser of the burner 33 and secondary air obtained through the outer periphery of the diffuser, and obtained through the outer periphery of the diffuser, and supplied to the front of the combustion chamber 20.

As described above, the air supplied from the front and rear surfaces is reversed while rapidly turning in the front and rear and circumferential directions by the Bernoulli effect generated by the flow of air while passing through the front reverse combustion plate 21 and the rear reverse combustion plate 22. .

If the fuel is continuously supplied after ignition while the air is turning and inverted, the fuel contacts the primary air that is turned by the diffuser and burns it first, and then turns again in the outer periphery of the diffuser to make the secondary combustion again. When the inverted combustion plate 21 passes through the front inverted combustion gas is inverted inverted three times, and the air supplied through the sight hole 31 is to make the fourth combustion and the air curtain on the rear side of the combustion section It is formed to prevent burnout of the back of the combustion unit. In addition, when the air passing through the rear inversion burner 22 passes through the rear-side inversion plate 22, the fifth inversion combustion is performed. As a result of good combustion in contact with the heated air five times as described above, a large amount of combustion of about 8 times the volume of the existing combustion chamber 20 is possible, but since combustion is almost complete at a relatively low temperature, generation of nitric oxide is reduced. .

The combustion gas combusted as described above primarily heats and evaporates water in the upper warm water chamber 4 through an inner cylinder of the upper warm water chamber 4, and a part of the front inverted combustion plate 21 of the combustion chamber 20. ), The front water cooling chamber (6-1) and the front reverse cooling plate (6-1) and the rear water cooling chamber (6-2) It heats the water inside and cools the front and rear inverted combustion plates made of heat-resistant agent with the reduced combustion gas.

As described above, the combustion gas that transfers the highest temperature heat to the surroundings passes through the inside of the plurality of semi-circular pipes 18 passing through the upper warm water chamber 4, and the inside of the upper warm water chamber 4 secondly. After evaporation of the warm water, the temperature is lowered to 600 ° C or lower and released to the bottom. The discharged combustion gas impinges on the separator 24 of the steam superheater and moves to the saturated steam flowing inside the steam heating tube while moving to the saturated steam flowing inside the steam heating tube while heating it with a high temperature superheated steam. It is derived from the association 18 installed inside of.

The combustion gas derived from the association 18 of the lower warm water chamber 2 heats the water inside the lower warm water chamber 2 again and is led to the inner lower portion of the inner cylinder of the lower warm water chamber 2 so as to pass through the inner passage. After moving between the isolation cylinder 25 is moved to the inside of the isolation cylinder 25 through the through hole formed in the upper portion of the isolation cylinder 25. The combustion gas flows along the periphery of the air preheating tube installed in the isolation cylinder 25, and preheats the air, and then gathers through the through-holes provided in the lower portion of the exhaust recruitment pipe 27 at the lower portion of the isolation cylinder 25. It is discharged to the outside along 28.

During the continuous combustion, the water pressurized by the circulation pump flows in through the circulation inlet 1 formed in the lower part of the main body and absorbs the combustion heat of the combustion gas of the low temperature in the lower warm water chamber 2 and warms it. Next, the through-hole formed on the front and rear surfaces of the lower warm water chamber 2 is introduced into the lower through-hole of the front and rear water cooling chambers through the front and rear connection water passages. As described above, the water introduced into the front and rear water cooling chamber 6-2 is heated while indirectly cooling the front and rear inverted combustion plates 22 and then through the upper and rear upper water passages through the upper through holes of the water separation chamber 10. It flows into both lower and lower ends.

In addition, in the upper warm water chamber (4), water absorbs the high temperature combustion heat generated from the combustion unit and is heated and evaporated to form a brackish cobalt state in which water and steam at a saturation temperature are mixed. Water and steam are ejected to the upper part of the separation chamber 10 through several radiator connection pipes 7 and a rising passage 9 installed on the upper heated water chamber 4 by the force of Separated into water and steam.

Water heated in the lower warm water chamber (2) by the amount of water ejected into the water separation chamber (10) as described above is introduced into the lower portion of the upper warm water chamber (4) through a plurality of connecting water pipe (3) The upper through hole of (9) is set at a position higher than the surface of the water formed in the separation chamber 10 to block the natural convection that occurs between the separation chamber 10 and the upper warm water chamber (4).

The water below the saturation temperature introduced into the lower portion of the separation chamber 10 through the front and rear upper water passage 8-1 is spun down from the upper warm water chamber 4 and mixed with the water of the saturation temperature separated. After being warmed, the hot water outlet 17 mounted at the bottom of the center portion of the outer side of the separation chamber 10 is used as a heat source requiring a low temperature to the outside, and then moved to the circulation pump side.

Saturated steam separated from the water separation chamber (10) is led to the saturated steam outlet (11), a part of which is used as an external heat source requiring a saturation temperature, and then a plurality, and after separating the air from the air separation unit, the plurality of steam traps It is sucked up by the pressure difference from the inlet side of the circulation pump and recycled.

In addition, some saturated steam is introduced into two saturated steam inlets 12 mounted on the rear lower side, and is overheated to a high temperature while passing through a plurality of steam heating tubes, and is derived through the superheated steam outlet 14 to request a saturation temperature. After being used as an external heat source, it is plurally passed through the air separator and then passed to the circulation pump for recycling.

At this time, since the plurality generated from the saturated steam or superheated steam is hotter than the hot water used for heating, the plurality may be transferred to the hot water heat exchanger side of the hot water tank to be circulated after being reused in the production or heating of the hot water.

As described above, according to the present invention, the hot water, saturated steam and superheated steam forcing circulation-related perfusion type steam generators are low pressure, so that natural convection of water by heating can be eliminated and hot water, saturated steam, and high temperature superheated steam can be efficiently produced. There is an advantage that it can. In addition, it is operated at low pressure, and the effect of safety and compact and lightweight steam generator is possible, and thus the economic effect such as transportation cost installation place and energy saving can be obtained.

Claims (6)

A steam generating unit formed of a cylindrical upper heated water chamber in which a plurality of semicircular associations are installed between the cylindrical outer cylinder and the inner cylinder whose front and rear ends are blocked, and the combustion gas flows through the inner and outer sides to minimize the amount of heat retained; A hot water generating unit forming the same structure as the upper warm water chamber but having a lower warm water chamber installed by changing up and down; A steam superheater configured to form a steam superheater composed of a plurality of steam heating tubes and a separator to superheat steam between upper and lower hot water chambers; A combustion unit including a front water cooling chamber in which a burner inlet is formed at the center of one inner surface of the inner cylinder of the upper warm water chamber, and a rear water cooling chamber at the other side in which a sight hole is formed in the center; A plurality of air preheating tubes for preheating the combustion cylinder having both ends fixed to the inside of the inner chamber of the lower warm water chamber, and both ends are fixed to the inside of the isolation cylinder, and exhaust vents provided with the through holes in the lower portion thereof. An air preheating unit configured to preheat air by a pipe; A superheated steam connector is mounted on the inside, and a heat accumulator is built in to accumulate superheated steam. Both ends are blocked and the cylinder consists of a cylindrical outer cylinder and an inner cylinder installed with a rising passage inside. A water gauge on the front is saturated steam outlet. Hot water, saturation and forming a radix separation chamber in which the hot water outlet is attached to the lower portion of the central portion and connected to the main body and the upper upper passage, the upper rear passage and the nose connection pipe; Forced circulation associated perfusion type steam generator combined with steam and superheated steam. The method of claim 1, wherein the combustion unit, A front inverted combustion plate installed at an inner side and spaced apart from the burner inlet by a predetermined distance, and having a through hole formed at the center thereof, and having a periphery of the through hole curved toward the perspective hole; Hot water, saturated steam and superheat, characterized in that it further comprises; a rear inverted burner is installed inside the spaced apart at a predetermined distance to the through hole is formed in the center and the periphery of the through hole curved to the burner inlet side; Steam and forced circulation associated perfusion type steam generator. The method of claim 1 A hot water tank provided inside the hot water heat exchanger through which the hot water heated by the main body passes to heat the water to produce and store hot water; The hot water tank is located between the hot water heat exchanger and the main body, and the superheated steam and hot water mixed in the steam superheater are mixed and the hot water introduced from the main body is kept higher than the surface of the water separation chamber in the hot water tank. A mixing tube for preventing hot water from convection naturally with the heat exchanger; A heating unit configured to receive the warmed water from the heat exchanger of the hot water tank to radiate heat through a heating heat exchanger; A circulation pump configured to pressurize the hot water discharged from the heating unit and to send it to the main body; A low temperature heat generation chamber configured to receive saturated steam from the water separator and radiate heat in a saturated steam heat exchanger; A high temperature heat generating chamber which receives the superheated steam superheated in the steam superheater and radiates heat through the superheated steam heat exchanger; An air separation unit configured to separate air by receiving a plurality of air containing air from the low temperature heat generating chamber and the high temperature heat generating chamber; Hot water, saturated steam and superheated steam combined circulation associated perfusion type steam generator characterized in that it further comprises. The method of claim 3, wherein the mixing tube, Hot water, saturated steam, and superheating is provided with a pressure control valve operated by the pressure in the mixing tube in the passage through which the superheated steam flows, thereby controlling the pressure of the superheated steam and allowing the saturated steam to always flow to the steam superheater. Steam and forced circulation associated perfusion type steam generator. According to claim 3, wherein the circulation pump, And forming an orifice in the inlet pipe and connecting the throttle part of the orifice to the air separator so as to suck a plurality of the air separator by the flow rate of water flowing through the inlet. Forced circulation associated perfusion type steam generator combined with superheated steam. According to claim 3, wherein the circulation pump, Hot water, saturated steam and superheated steam combined circulation associated perfusion type steam generator characterized in that the bypass is formed on the outlet side to the heat exchanger of the hot water tank.