KR20030091230A - Sandwich type slow sand filters - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: Provided is a gravity sand filter having intercept layers with pores between filter media layers so as to allow that only an uppermost filter media having small pores being easily clogged is replaced when the uppermost filter media is clogged. CONSTITUTION: The gravity sand filter comprises filter media layers including a large gravel layer, a gravel layer, a sand layer, and an anthracite layer which are stacked in order from the bottom of the filter, and intercept layers interposed between the filter media layers with pores having a diameter that is 0.5 to 1 times of a grain size of a filler media layer located on the corresponding intercept layer and 1 to 3 times of a grain size of a filler media layer located under the corresponding intercept layer, wherein the intercept layer is a filter cloth.

Description

Sandwich slow filter {Sandwich type slow sand filters}

The present invention relates to the improvement of a conventional slow filter paper, and more particularly, sandwich type slow filter paper which increases the filtration efficiency and facilitates maintenance by interposing a barrier material with a gap between the filler layers of the slow filter paper. It is about.

The slow filtration method is a semi-permanent water purification method in which raw water passes through the upper surface of a slow sand filter paper in which multilayered sand or gravel is stacked, and the purified water moves downward by gravity, and various foreign substances or organic matter in the raw water are filtered by the stacked sand. to be.

The slow filtration method is suitable for the purification of valley water, spring water, or ground water with low turbidity and low water fluctuations, but when the raw water becomes turbid due to clay powder and silt during flooding and snow melting, the slow filtration paper is blocked. There is a disadvantage that the loss.

Basically, slow filtration system consists of intake facility, sedimentation basin, slow filtration basin and sterilization / reservoir. However, in the slow filtration system installed in the environment where raw water of high turbidity is introduced during the rainy season, flocculation / mixing / floc forming paper is added at the front of the sedimentation basin to prevent rapid blockage of the slow filtration paper by the turbidity-inducing substance. In other words, slow filtration system consisting of water intake (tank)-sedimentation-slow filtration paper-sterilization / water tank is applied when relatively clean and low turbid water such as groundwater and valley water can be used. In this case, a slow filtration system consisting of intake (tank), sedimentation, slow filtration paper, sterilization and reservoirs is applied. 1 is a block diagram of a process of a general slow filtration system to which a flocculation / mixing / floc forming paper is added.

In Figure 1, the raw water taken by the intake facility is introduced into the sedimentation basin to precipitate heavy solids, and the symbolic water is introduced into the slow filter. Slow filtration is usually 3 ~ 5 m / day slow water passes through the sand layer and the surface of the sand by the microorganisms multiplied on the sand surface is trapped in the water and acts as a biofiltration membrane oxidative decomposition.

However, like most abnormal water supply facilities, the slow filtration system is poorly managed by untrained managers and local budgets. In addition, the most important filter paper sand replacement work is not done in a timely manner and is not functioning due to the fluctuations in the quantity and quality of raw water.

Therefore, the present invention is an improved slow filter paper that can reduce the blockage of slow filter paper and reduce the maintenance cost at the same time by introducing the economical and easy-to-manage device at the time of high turbidity inflow of water or the usual slow filter paper facility. To provide.

That is, the present invention is to provide an improved slow filter that can maximize the water purification capacity to maximize the existing facilities, rather than to develop a new process, or insert the advanced unit technology.

1 is a flow chart of a water purification process using a conventional slow filtration method.

Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sandwich-type slow filter paper according to the present invention.

Figure 3 is a conceptual view showing a grid-shaped barrier member support means and sandwiched in the sandwich type slow filter according to the present invention.

The present invention for achieving the above object is an improvement of a conventional slow filter in which fillers having different properties are formed in layers, and through any one or two or more of the filler layers through a blocking material having voids. It is about sandwich type slow filter paper.

In the present invention, the filler means sesa, jungsa, wangsa, sejagal, jungjagal, wangjagal and various deodorant and deodorant which are usually applied to slow filter paper.

Normal slow filter is a filler is laminated in the above layer, the present invention is to provide a barrier material with a gap between the laminated filler layer. The term "sandwich" is used in the sense that the barrier material is repeatedly interposed between the filler layers.

In the present invention, the barrier material is to prevent the sequential filtration function is lost by mixing the fillers located above and below the barrier material.

On the other hand, the best fillers (usually sesa) of existing slow filter papers are usually removed every three to six months and removed and replaced with new fillers. Since cutting and replacing the filler of the existing slow filter should be performed without damaging the lower filler layer, it requires a professional's hand as a very demanding task, and this is recognized as one of the biggest disadvantages of the conventional slow filter operation. Accordingly, the present invention provides a barrier material on the lower surface of the thin filler to spatially block the lower filler layer so that the cutting and replacement of the filler can be performed very quickly and economically even by non-professionals.

In addition, according to the present invention, it is preferable that an upper barrier material is additionally installed not only between the filler layers but also on the surface of the uppermost filler layer of the slow filter paper. As a result, a significant amount of organic and inorganic solids present in the intake water is primarily filtered to prevent blockage of the best filler (eg, sesa) layer. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to extend the cutting and replacement cycle of the topmost filler layer. Furthermore, by simply removing the upper barrier material periodically and then replacing or reinstalling it after cleaning, the cutting and replacement cycle of the top filler layer can be further extended.

In the present invention, the diameter of the voids of the barrier material is such that the filler filled in the upper surface thereof does not flow out to the bottom, and preferably 0.5 to 1.0 times the minimum diameter of the filler filled in the upper surface.

On the other hand, since the upper barrier material installed on the surface of the uppermost filler layer functions to filter relatively large organic and inorganic solids firstly, the diameter of the voids is 1.0 to 3.0 times the minimum diameter of the filler filled in the lower surface thereof. It is preferable that it is about degree.

In the present invention, the barrier material has appropriate pores as described above, and any material may be applied as long as it can physically block the upper and lower filler layers.

For example, a metal plate or a synthetic resin plate having appropriately formed voids can be used. However, it is preferable that the filter cloth of the fabric form that can be folded or cut freely for the convenience of installation and replacement. In the present invention, the filter cloth may be used as one or a plurality of layers (that is, one or more layers of filter cloth).

On the other hand, in the present invention, it is possible to add a grid-shaped barrier member support means to the lower surface of the barrier member in order to support the barrier member and to facilitate installation. In other words, by lattice the plane of the slow filter paper to a certain size and install the frame to cover the blocking material like a manhole cover can facilitate the installation and replacement of the blocking material (Fig. 3).

In the present invention, the filler of the filler layer is preferably sesa, royal, sejagal, prince brown from the top. At this time, since the filler layer consisting of Wangsa ~ Princegal or Sejagal ~ Princegal is almost permanently used, the barrier material is preferably installed between the sesa filler layer and Wangsa filler layer, between the royal filler layer and Sejagal filler layer. In some cases, heavy and heavy gravel filler layers may be additionally installed between the sesa-wangsa filler layers and between the three gravel-prince gravel layers. In this case, the barrier material is preferably installed above and below the neutral yarn filler layer.

In addition, in the present invention, any one or a plurality of layers of fillers may be charcoal, charcoal, or granular activated carbon in order to adsorb and remove odors and odor components of purified water. These stacking positions may be the top layer or the bottom layer depending on the characteristics of the water source.

Furthermore, one side of the slow filter paper may be opened and closed to facilitate the work of cutting and replacing the upper filler layer.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although specific fillers have been shown in the present embodiment, this is only an example of the present invention, and it can be easily used by those skilled in the art to select and use fillers having various characteristics.

Example

As shown in Figure 2, from the bottom was made a prince-galja-cejagal-wangsa filler layer, and (since they are used semi-permanently) was laid on the top of the filler layer of synthetic resin material. A granulated activated carbon filler layer was added thereon, and the filter cloth was again covered, and then fine yarn (or other special carrier) was filled thereon.

The interposed filter cloth prevents disturbance and agitation between fine yarn-activated carbon-fine yarn fillers, thereby facilitating the work during the cutting and replacement of the filler layer and preventing the filler from disproportionation.

In addition, a 1-5 cm thick filter cloth is placed on the top to prevent rapid clogging of the lower filler when inflowing water with high turbidity.

Assuming that the filter area of the slow filter is 50 m2 and the production quantity is 100 tons / day, the annual annual time required for cutting and replacing the upper filler layer of the slow filter according to the prior art and the improved sandwich type slow filter according to the present invention. Table 1 shows a rough comparison between the cost and the cost of this proposal.

Standard (based on production volume 100 tons / day) Cost estimate Existing Method (A) Invention (B) Sesa 15 tons, water supply (0.45-0.7mm) 60,000 won / ton 7,200 thousand won 1,800 thousand won Segment Changes (A): 4 times (B): 1 time Activated carbon and filter cloth Filtration Cloth of Granular Activated Synthetic Resin Material for Water Treatment 1,300 won / kg1,500 won / m2 - 1,500 thousand won 350 thousand won / meal Labor costs 24,000 won / ton 1,400 thousand won 560 thousand won Sum 8,640 thousand won / year 4,200 thousand won / year

As can be seen from the table, according to the present invention, the number of times of cutting and replacing the fine yarn (upper filler layer) can be greatly reduced, and the operating cost can be reduced to 50% or less as compared with the case of applying the prior art.

When the sandwich type slow filter according to the present invention is applied, ① it can prevent the mixing between the filler layer to maintain the filtration effect for a long time ② can significantly reduce the number of times of cutting and removal of the upper filler layer (fine thread) and ③ the upper filler layer The non-professional can easily work on the removal and removal of the fine thread.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the operation, management, and maintenance of the purified water treatment facility of the Gansu water supply system to which the slow filter paper is applied can be made inexpensively and easily.

Claims (8)

In a slow filter paper in which fillers having different characteristics are formed in layers, sandwiched slow filter papers in which one or two or more of the filler layers are interposed with a blocking material having voids. The method of claim 1, Sandwich type slow filter paper, characterized in that the upper barrier material is further installed on the surface of the filler layer of the uppermost stage. The method according to claim 1 or 2, Sandwich type slow filter paper, characterized in that the diameter of the gap of the barrier material is 0.5 to 1.0 times the minimum diameter of the filler filled in its upper surface. The method of claim 2, Sandwich type slow filter, characterized in that the diameter of the gap of the upper barrier material is 1.0 to 3.0 times the minimum diameter of the filler filled in the lower surface thereof. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The barrier material is a sandwich slow filter paper, characterized in that the filter cloth of one or more layers. The method according to claim 1 or 2, Sandwich-type slow filter paper, characterized in that the lower surface of the barrier member is formed of a grid-shaped barrier member support means. The method according to claim 1 or 2, Filler of the filler layer is sandwich-type slow filter paper, characterized in that the sesa, jungsa, wangsa, sejagal, jungjagal, wangjagal from the top. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The filling material of any one or a plurality of layers of the filler layer is a sandwich type slow filter paper, characterized in that the medium corresponding to the carbon-based medium, such as charcoal, charcoal or granular activated carbon or the material to be removed.