KR20030079074A - Air conditioner - Google Patents

Air conditioner Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20030079074A
KR20030079074A KR1020020017839A KR20020017839A KR20030079074A KR 20030079074 A KR20030079074 A KR 20030079074A KR 1020020017839 A KR1020020017839 A KR 1020020017839A KR 20020017839 A KR20020017839 A KR 20020017839A KR 20030079074 A KR20030079074 A KR 20030079074A
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
polarities
pole
air conditioner
electromotor
compressor
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KR1020020017839A
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Korean (ko)
Inventor
정태욱
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엘지전자 주식회사
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Priority to KR1020020017839A priority Critical patent/KR20030079074A/en
Publication of KR20030079074A publication Critical patent/KR20030079074A/en

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/86Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling compressors within refrigeration or heat pump circuits
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/88Electrical aspects, e.g. circuits
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/10Temperature

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: An air conditioner is provided to allow precise load corresponding operation, and to reduce cost. CONSTITUTION: An air conditioner includes a heating/cooling cycle(100) comprising a polarity changing type compressor(120) equipped with a polarity changing electromotor working with different number of polarities at high speed and low speed, a condenser(13), a heat exchanger(14) and an evaporator(11); and a controller(200) outputting polarity change signal depending on indoor temperature and on/off control signal correspondingly with duty rate to the polarity changing type compressor. The polarity changing electromotor has number of polarities whose number is multiple of 2, and includes a rotor and a stator executing high speed/low speed operation by changing polarities. A main winding and an auxiliary winding of the electromotor are divided into two parts, respectively, to change number of the polarities following a position of a relay contacting point so as to allow the electromotor to work with two polarities appropriate for high speed and four polarities appropriate for low speed.

Description

공기조화기{AIR CONDITIONER}Air Conditioner {AIR CONDITIONER}

일반적으로 공기조화기는 냉방용 또는 냉·난방겸용이 있으며, 도 1과 같이, 증발기(11), 압축기(12), 응축기(13) 및 열교환기(14)를 포함하는 냉/난방싸이클(10) 및 냉/난방 싸이클(10)을 제어하기 위한 제어기(20)로 구성된다.In general, the air conditioner is used for cooling or for both cooling and heating, and the cooling / heating cycle 10 including the evaporator 11, the compressor 12, the condenser 13, and the heat exchanger 14 as shown in FIG. 1. And a controller 20 for controlling the cooling / heating cycle 10.

그중 냉방용 공기조화기는 증발 → 압축 → 응축 → 팽창순으로 순환하는 냉방 싸이클로 동작하고, 냉.난방겸용 공기조화기는 하절기에는 증발 → 압축 → 응축 → 팽창순으로 순환하는 냉방 싸이클로 동작되며, 동절기에는 상기 냉방 싸이클과 역순환되는 히트펌프(heat Pump)의 난방싸이클로 동작된다.Among them, the air conditioner for cooling operates as a cooling cycle circulating in the order of evaporation → compression → condensation → expansion. It is operated by heating cycle of heat pump which is reversely circulated with cooling cycle.

이때 공기조화기에 적용되는 압축기는 항상 일정한 속도로 동작하는 일정속형 압축기와 인버터형 압축기로 구분할 수 있는데, 먼저 일정속형 압축기에 대하여 살펴보면 다음과 같다.The compressor applied to the air conditioner can be classified into a constant speed compressor and an inverter type compressor that always operate at a constant speed. First, the constant speed compressor will be described as follows.

일정속형 압축기는 2극의 단상유도형 전동기가 사용되며, 3600[rpm]대역에서 정속으로만 운전된다. 즉, 압축기용 전동기의 운전속도가 일정하므로 냉력도 일정하고 실내에 공급되는 냉기의 온도도 항상 일정하다. 따라서 도 2의 그래프와 같이, 실내온도의 설정범위내에서 on/off 단속운전을 반복하는 방식으로 설정온도를 맞추게된다. 이러한 운전방식에 의해 온도분포가 불균일하게 되고 냉/난방 부하를 정밀하게 제어할 수 없으며, 잦은 기동과 정지시 소음과 진동이 발생하고 냉기가 단속적으로 공급되어 사용자가 느끼는 쾌적함이 저하된다.The constant speed compressor uses a two-pole single-phase induction motor and operates only at constant speed in the 3600 [rpm] band. That is, since the operating speed of the compressor motor is constant, the cooling power is constant and the temperature of the cold air supplied to the room is always constant. Therefore, as shown in the graph of FIG. 2, the set temperature is adjusted by repeating the on / off intermittent operation within the set range of the room temperature. By this operation method, the temperature distribution becomes uneven and the cooling / heating load cannot be precisely controlled, noise and vibration are generated during frequent starting and stopping, and cold air is supplied intermittently to reduce the user's comfort.

다음으로, 인버터형 압축기는 유도전동기 및 BLDC 전동기를 장착한 압축기를 인버터를 이용하여 도 3과 같이, 가변속 제어하는 방식으로 냉력을 임으로 가변제어할 수 있다. 따라서 실내온도를 정밀하게 제어할 수 있으므로 사용자에게 쾌적함을 느끼게 한다. 그러나 인버터의 가격이 상당히 고가이므로 제품가격이 상승하는 문제점이 있다.Next, the inverter-type compressor can variably control the cooling power by a variable speed control method as shown in FIG. 3 using an inverter equipped with an induction motor and a BLDC motor. Therefore, the room temperature can be precisely controlled, making the user feel comfortable. However, since the price of the inverter is quite expensive, there is a problem that the product price rises.

종래의 기술에 따른 일정속형 압축기는 on/off 단속운전을 반복하는 방식이므로 온도분포가 불균일하게 되고 냉/난방 부하를 정밀하게 제어할 수 없으며, 잦은 기동과 정지시 소음과 진동이 발생하고 냉기가 단속적으로 공급되어 사용자가 느끼는 쾌적함이 저하되는 문제점이 있다. 그리고 인버터형 압축기는 가변속 제어방식으로 연속적인 부하대응 운전이 가능하므로 실내온도를 정밀하게 제어할 수 있지만 인버터의 가격이 상당히 고가이므로 제품가격이 상승하는 문제점이 있다.The constant speed compressor according to the prior art repeats the on / off intermittent operation, resulting in uneven temperature distribution and precise control of cooling / heating loads. There is a problem that the intermittent supply is reduced the comfort that the user feels. In addition, the inverter type compressor can continuously control the load due to the variable speed control method, so that the indoor temperature can be precisely controlled.

따라서 본 발명은 상기한 종래의 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 안출한 것으로서, 비교적 정밀한 부하대응 운전이 가능함과 동시에 저가의 제품가격을 만족시킬 수 있도록 한 공기조화기를 제공함에 그 목적이 있다.Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an air conditioner capable of satisfying a low cost product while at the same time enabling a relatively precise load response operation.

도 1은 일반적인 공기조화기의 구성을 나타낸 블록도1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a general air conditioner

도 2는 일정속형 압축기의 동작특성을 보여주는 그래프2 is a graph showing the operation characteristics of a constant speed compressor

도 3은 인버터형 압축기의 동작특성을 보여주는 그래프3 is a graph showing the operation characteristics of the inverter compressor

도 4는 본 발명에 따른 공기조화기의 구성을 나타낸 블록도Figure 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an air conditioner according to the present invention

도 5는 극변환 전동기의 구조를 나타낸 단면도5 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a pole conversion motor

도 6은 극변환 전동기의 권선 형태를 나타낸 회로도6 is a circuit diagram showing a winding form of a pole conversion motor;

도 7은 도 4의 극변환형 압축기 동작특성을 보여주는 그래프FIG. 7 is a graph showing operation characteristics of the pole change type compressor of FIG.

도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

11: 증발기 13: 응축기11: evaporator 13: condenser

14: 열교환기 100: 냉/난방 싸이클14: heat exchanger 100: cooling / heating cycle

120: 극변환형 압축기 200: 제어기120: pole-changing compressor 200: controller

본 발명에 따른 공기조화기는 응축기, 열교환기, 증발기, 고속과 저속에서 다른 수의 극으로 동작하는 극변환 전동기가 적용된 극변환형 압축기, 그리고 실내온도 감지값에 따라 극변환형 압축기로 극 변환을 제어하기 위한 극변환 신호 및 해당 듀티비에 따른 온/오프 제어신호를 출력하는 제어기를 포함함을 특징으로 한다.The air conditioner according to the present invention is a condenser, a heat exchanger, an evaporator, a pole conversion compressor with a pole conversion motor operating at different numbers of poles at high and low speeds, and pole conversion with a pole conversion compressor according to the room temperature sensing value. And a controller for outputting a pole conversion signal for controlling and an on / off control signal according to the duty ratio.

이하, 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 본 발명에 따른 공기조화기의 바람직한 일실시예를 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the air conditioner according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in detail as follows.

도 4는 본 발명에 따른 공기조화기의 구성을 나타낸 블록도, 도 5는 극변환 전동기의 구조를 나타낸 단면도, 도 6은 극변환 전동기의 권선 형태를 나타낸 회로도이고, 도 7은 도 4의 극변환형 압축기 동작특성을 보여주는 그래프이다.Figure 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the air conditioner according to the present invention, Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the pole conversion motor, Figure 6 is a circuit diagram showing the winding form of the pole conversion motor, Figure 7 is a pole of Figure 4 This graph shows the operation characteristics of the conversion compressor.

본 발명에 따른 공기조화기는 도 4에 도시된 바와 같이, 고속과 저속에서 다른 수의 극으로 동작하는 극변환 전동기가 적용된 극변환형 압축기(120), 응축기(13), 열교환기(14), 증발기(11)로 구성된 냉/난방 싸이클(100), 실내온도 감지값에 따라 상기 극변환형 압축기(120)로 극 변환을 제어하기 위한 극변환 신호 및 온/오프 제어신호를 출력하는 제어기(200)를 포함하여 구성된다.As shown in FIG. 4, the air conditioner according to the present invention has a pole change type compressor 120, a condenser 13, a heat exchanger 14, and a pole change type motor, which are operated with different numbers of poles at high and low speeds. The controller 200 which outputs a pole conversion signal and an on / off control signal for controlling pole conversion to the pole conversion compressor 120 according to a cooling / heating cycle 100 configured as an evaporator 11 and an indoor temperature detection value. It is configured to include).

이때 극변환형 압축기(120)에 적용된 극변환 전동기는 2극, 4극, 6극, 8극 등 2의 배수의 극수를 가지도록 설계할 수 있으며, 그 일예로서 4극 극변환 전동기(2극/4극 변환)는 도 5에 도시된 바와 같이, 회전자와, 극변환(2극/4극)을 통해 모터의 고속/저속 운전을 수행하기 위한 고정자를 포함하여 구성된다.At this time, the pole conversion motor applied to the pole conversion compressor 120 can be designed to have a number of poles of 2, such as 2 poles, 4 poles, 6 poles, 8 poles, for example a 4-pole pole conversion motor (2 poles) 4 pole conversion) includes a rotor and a stator for performing high speed / low speed operation of the motor through pole conversion (2 poles / 4 poles) as shown in FIG.

그리고 그 권선형태를 살펴보면, 도 6에 도시된 바와 같이, 기존 단상유도 전동기의 주권선과 보조권선을 2개로 분리하고 릴레이 접점의 위치에 따라 극수를 변환하여 고속에 적당한 2극 그리고 저속에 적당한 4극으로 운전하도록 구성된다.As shown in FIG. 6, as shown in FIG. 6, the main winding and the auxiliary winding of the existing single-phase induction motor are separated into two, and the number of poles is converted according to the position of the relay contact. It is configured to drive.

이와 같이 구성된 본 발명에 따른 공기조화기의 동작을 냉방을 기준으로 설명하면 다음과 같다.Referring to the operation of the air conditioner according to the present invention configured as described above with reference to the cooling as follows.

먼저, 제어기(200)는 실내 온도 감지값을 읽어들이고 이를 설정온도와 비교한다.First, the controller 200 reads the room temperature detection value and compares it with the set temperature.

이어서 온도 비교결과, 실내온도가 설정온도에 비해 소정 기준치이상 높을 경우 현재 실내온도를 설정온도로 맞추기 위해서는 급속한 냉방이 필요하므로 극변환형 압축기(120)가 고속(3600rpm)으로 동작되도록 극수를 2극으로 변환시키기 위한 극변환 신호를 출력하고 해당 듀티비에 맞도록 온/오프 동작시키기 위한 제어신호를 출력한다.Subsequently, as a result of the temperature comparison, if the indoor temperature is higher than a predetermined reference value compared to the set temperature, rapid cooling is required to adjust the current room temperature to the set temperature, so that the pole number is changed to two poles so that the pole converter 120 operates at a high speed (3600 rpm). And a control signal for operating the on / off operation according to the duty ratio.

한편, 온도 비교결과, 실내온도가 설정온도에 비해 소정 기준치 이상 높지 않을 경우 현재 실내온도를 설정온도로 맞추기 위해서는 정상적인 냉방이 필요하므로 극변환형 압축기(120)가 저속(1800rpm)으로 동작하도록 극수를 4극으로 변환시키기 위한 극변환 신호를 출력하고 해당 듀티비에 맞도록 온/오프 동작시키기 위한 제어신호를 출력한다.On the other hand, as a result of the temperature comparison, if the indoor temperature is not higher than a predetermined reference value compared to the set temperature, since normal cooling is required to adjust the current room temperature to the set temperature, the number of poles is changed so that the pole conversion compressor 120 operates at a low speed (1800 rpm). It outputs a pole conversion signal for converting to four poles, and a control signal for on / off operation to match the duty ratio.

따라서 극변환형 압축기(120)는 제어기(200)의 제어에 따라 도 7과 같이, 2극(3600rpm) 또는 4극(1800rpm)으로 동작하고 응축기(13), 열교환기(14), 증발기(11)와의 연계동작에 따라 냉방이 이루어진다.Accordingly, the pole conversion compressor 120 operates as a 2-pole (3600 rpm) or a 4-pole (1800 rpm) under the control of the controller 200, and the condenser 13, the heat exchanger 14, and the evaporator 11 Cooling is achieved by linking with).

본 발명에 따른 공기조화기는 정속형 압축기가 채용된 공기조화기에 비해 안정적이고 연속적인 부하대응 운전이 가능하여 온도제어성능이 향상되고, 인버터형 압축기가 채용된 공기조화기에 비해 성능대비 가격면에서 뛰어나므로 가격 및 성능 측면에서 동시에 소비자를 만족시킬 수 있는 효과가 있다.The air conditioner according to the present invention is capable of stable and continuous load response operation compared to the air conditioner employing the constant speed type compressor, which improves the temperature control performance, and is superior in performance compared to the air conditioner employing the inverter type compressor. Therefore, there is an effect that can satisfy consumers at the same time in terms of price and performance.

Claims (1)

응축기, 열교환기, 증발기, 고속과 저속에서 다른 수의 극으로 동작하는 극변환 전동기가 적용된 극변환형 압축기, 그리고 실내온도 감지값에 따라 상기 극변환형 압축기로 극 변환을 제어하기 위한 극변환 신호 및 해당 듀티비에 따른 온/오프 제어신호를 출력하는 제어기를 포함하는 공기조화기.Pole-converting compressor with condenser, heat exchanger, evaporator, pole-changing motor operating with different number of poles at high and low speed, and pole-conversion signal for controlling pole-conversion with the pole-converting compressor according to the room temperature sensing value. And a controller for outputting an on / off control signal according to the duty ratio.
KR1020020017839A 2002-04-01 2002-04-01 Air conditioner KR20030079074A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109442690A (en) * 2018-10-29 2019-03-08 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Air conditioner control method and device, storage medium and air conditioner

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109442690A (en) * 2018-10-29 2019-03-08 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Air conditioner control method and device, storage medium and air conditioner
CN109442690B (en) * 2018-10-29 2020-05-19 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Air conditioner control method and device, storage medium and air conditioner

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