KR20030053145A - Refractory brick - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A refractory brick in a part of which phosphorescent or fluorescent materials are contained so that erosion thickness of the refractory brick due to thermal and chemical erosion is easily observed in hot working is provided. CONSTITUTION: In a refractory brick subject to thermal and chemical erosion, the refractory brick is characterized in that a part of the refractory brick includes phosphorescent or fluorescent materials self-exhibiting inherent light or color when receiving energy, and position of the part of the refractory brick comprising the phosphorescent materials is set in such a way that the part of the refractory brick self-exhibits inherent light or color if the refractory brick is eroded up to a safety residual thickness during using of the refractory brick, wherein the refractory brick comprises a refractory material formed by putting a mixture mixed with phosphorescent materials into a certain part of the refractory brick and putting a conventional mixture into the rest part of the refractory brick in a direction from a rear surface(11) of the refractory brick to an operating surface(12) of the refractory brick, and structure of the refractory brick to which phosphorescent materials are added further comprises a phosphorescent material adding region(13), a phosphorescent material non-adding region(14) and a phosphorescent material adding boundary region(15).

Description

Refractory Brick and Refractory Brick}

The present invention relates to a fire-resistant lead used in various furnaces for transporting and refining hot molten iron or molten steel in the steelmaking and steelmaking process of the steel industry, and more specifically, it is possible to easily observe the erosion thickness in the hot zone. It is about.

In the iron and steel industry, various furnaces are used as internal refractories for transporting and refining hot molten iron or molten steel.

The structure of the refractory used for transporting and refining molten steel generally includes the internal refractories (1) in direct contact with molten steel and slag as shown in FIG. 1 and the internal refractories (1) in case of damage to the internal refractories (1). It consists of a permanent field refractory (2) and a shell (3) for protection.

The internal refractories construction method in the furnace body is generally constructed by using a refractory adhesive such as Mortar, and using an amorphous refractory to which a binder such as castable is added. This is mainly used.

Refractories in furnace bodies (refractory lead) that process molten metal, such as converters or ladles, are severely eroded by high temperature molten steel and slag.

The moving surface of the refractory (fire reed) with which molten steel or slag contacts is eroded as the number of times of use increases, and the thickness of the refractory decreases gradually from the initial thickness. If the erosion continues, the permanent steel refractory and the bark are melted and the molten steel accident occurs irregularly.

Accordingly, the internal refractories inside the furnace are managed by setting a minimum thickness (hereinafter, referred to as "safe residual thickness") that can be safely used by the fire retardant to prevent leakage of molten steel. If it is smaller than the remaining safety thickness, repair and repair will be performed.

Therefore, it is necessary to measure the exact residual thickness of the refractory material, and the accurate residual thickness measurement is possible only by dismantling the refractory after cooling.

However, even if the remaining thickness remains above the safety residual thickness after cooling, the remaining structure is measured because the bonding structure is damaged by the chemical and physical changes of the refractory members or the tissue changes while the temperature is increased for reuse. The meaning becomes less.

Therefore, it is generally determined whether the refractory continues to be used in the hot zone, and the criterion for the refractory brick is to continue to use it if the residual thickness of the refractory brick is greater than or equal to the safety residual thickness, and to repair or repair the refractory thickness.

The safety residual thickness determination of the refractory currently in use has a problem that the objectivity is inferior as it uses the method of empirically determining the time of repair of the refractory by visually confirming the erosion deviation with the surrounding refractory.

As a method for solving such a problem, the method described in Korean Application No. 1998-14457 may be mentioned. This method inserts a ball made of ceramic in the vicinity of the safety residual thickness of the refractory material and manufactures a refractory lead, so that the safety residual thickness is near. If the refractory is eroded until then, the ceramic ball can be easily observed with the naked eye without molten steel.

However, in the case of the above method, when the ball is exposed to the naked eye, when the refractory is used, the remaining traces are dropped by molten steel and slag, and the remaining traces are also easily damaged, so that the ball cannot be continuously detected.

In addition, the method of measuring the residual heat thickness of a furnace body by a device using a laser is used for a furnace body in which a furnace opening is opened like a converter or a ladle.

However, in the case of the above method, by setting a reference point on the outer skin of the furnace body and measuring the thickness of the refractory remaining in the heat using a laser, the facility investment cost is high, and according to the measurer, there is a problem in the precision according to the measurement error when measuring the reference point. have.

In particular, since the wall part is positioned horizontally with the direction of the laser emitted from the measuring device, the accuracy of the measurement is greatly reduced, so that only the residual thickness measurement value of the bottom part has a problem of ensuring reliability.

In addition, a method of estimating the thickness of the refractory according to the change of temperature, flow rate, and pressure by installing a thermometer, a flow meter, and a pressure gauge inside the flame retardant has been proposed. The problem is that the operation is complicated.

An object of the present invention is to provide a fire retardant that can more easily observe the thickness of erosion by thermal and chemical erosion by including a phosphorescent (or fluorescent) material in a portion thereof.

1 is a constructional structure diagram of a conventional converter refractory

2 is an exemplary structural diagram of a refractory lead added with a phosphor according to the present invention;

Figure 3 is a conceptual diagram of the action of phosphors in a refractory in accordance with the present invention

Figure 4 is a functional diagram with fire retardant added phosphors in accordance with the present invention

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

11. . . Back 12. . . Movable surface 13. . . Phosphorus added area

14. . . Phosphor free zone 15. . . Phosphorus added boundary area

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, this invention is demonstrated.

The present invention is a fire retardant that is subjected to thermal and chemical erosion,

Its part contains phosphorescent (or fluorescent) material which exhibits its own light or color upon receiving energy, and the location of the part containing the phosphor is inherently unique when the refractory is eroded up to the safety remaining thickness in use with the refractory It is about a fire retardant that is set to represent a light or color.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, this invention is demonstrated in detail.

The present invention is applied to the refractory lead used in the furnace for transporting or treating molten metal in the steelmaking process, and includes a refractory kneaded material in which some of the refractory lead and phosphorescent or fluorescent materials are mixed. It is used to manufacture a refractory wire having a phosphorescent or fluorescent material in a portion thereof to provide a refractory wire that can be easily repaired or repaired at a hot spot.

Phosphorescence is what keeps emitting light (usually from about 1/1000 sec. To about 24 hours) even when the irradiation light is removed when irradiating light. Fluorescence means that it disappears immediately when the irradiation light is removed. Fluorescence (hereinafter referred to as phosphorescence) is used in combination.

Phosphorescence is often seen in the solid state and increases in brightness with increasing temperature.

Phosphors have different emission colors, intensities, and light attenuation types depending on the type of phosphor and combination of additives. Eosin and fluorescein are green when emitting light, calcium tungstate is blue, magnesium tungstate is blue white, and cadmium silicate Orange and cadmium borate become red.

Zinc sulfide (ZnS), which is typically used for practical purposes, is used alone or as ZnS: Cu, which is calcined at 1000 ~ 1300 ℃ by adding a small amount of copper as a small amount of activator to zinc sulfide and cadmium sulfide. The phosphor (ZnS, ZnS: Cu) is added to the desired object in an appropriate amount to exert the phosphorescence effect.

The present invention is prepared by adding the phosphor to the refractory kneaded to enable the refractory to exhibit the phosphorescence during operation.

That is, as shown in Figure 2 is a refractory lead in accordance with the present invention, the kneaded mixture with phosphors in a predetermined portion in the direction of the movable surface 12 from the rear surface 11 with the refractory lead and the remainder of the conventional kneaded material It consists of a refractory molded into a mold.

In Fig. 2, reference numeral 13 denotes a phosphor addition region, reference numeral 14 denotes a phosphor-free addition region, and reference numeral 15 denotes a phosphor addition region.

In this case, it is preferable to use a phosphor that exhibits a color or color that is easily distinguished from the refractory lead in hot.

In general, the amount of the phosphor added may be sufficiently effective even in a small amount compared to the total weight, and the input amount may be adjusted to clarify the phosphorescence effect according to the use conditions.

Refractories are always used at high temperatures, so that heat energy is converted into light energy in the absence of molten steel in the hot heat, and the phosphor is continuously irradiated to form a unique wavelength according to the irradiated light energy. Therefore, unique light and color may be continuously displayed depending on the characteristics of the wavelength until the refractory in use does not emit light.

This phenomenon is caused by the following principle.

As shown in FIG. 3, the phosphor contained in the refractory is in an energy stable region, absorbs light energy generated in another refractory and is transferred to an energy unstable region, and the phosphor in an unstable region Will emit light to return to a stable area.

In this case, when the transition to the second metastable region emits light 1, when the transition to the first metastable region emits light 2, and when the transition to the stable region, light 3 is emitted.

Each of these lights has its own wavelength and can be observed with the naked eye.

In addition, since the light energy absorbed according to the temperature is wrong, the light emitted also varies continuously according to the temperature, so that visual observation can be performed according to the change of temperature.

For example, in the case of mag carbon (MgO-C) lead, MgO, graphite [C], a binder, and a metal antioxidant are used as a main raw material.

In general, it is a general phenomenon that the refractory containing graphite [C] of 2 to 3% or more is almost black because the color of graphite is black.

After adding a suitable amount of zinc sulfide (ZnS) to the kneaded product with the magnesium carbon (MgO-C) lead having the above characteristics by kneading, kneading and high-pressure molding, after producing the carbon carbon lead and continuously heating at 1400 ℃ for more than 5 hours After cooling naturally, zinc sulfide (ZnS) -added magcarbon (MgO-C) lead becomes bright white at the beginning of cooling and gradually turns blue while changing to black through dark blue.

On the other hand, the normal mag carbon pontoon has a reddish color and gradually changes to black when naturally cooled after heating.

Due to this visual difference, zinc sulfide added and unadded lead can be visually identified, and the degree of visual identification occurs depending on the dose.

Hereinafter, the manufacture of the refractory softening of this invention is demonstrated.

The refractory lead of the present invention, in which phosphors are mixed and easy to check, can be molded in a press in the same manner as general refractory lead, and a kneaded material in which phosphors are inserted is injected to the rear side and phosphors are not inserted. The kneaded material, which is not kneaded, may be pressed into a mold toward the movable surface and pressed simultaneously.

By fabricating as described above, it is possible to distinguish the phosphor addition region 13 and the phosphor no addition region 14 on the basis of the phosphor addition boundary region 15 as shown in FIG. It is possible.

In general, since the specific safety residual thickness is set and managed according to the equipment used for the refractory lead, it is preferable that at least the thickness from the back surface 11 to the phosphorescent addition region 15 is slightly larger than or equal to the safety residual thickness. .

If the thickness of the phosphorescent boundary area is smaller than the safety residual thickness, it can be a safety operation problem because the operator can find the mark by the phosphor after continuous operation even for the fire retardant and the thickness smaller than the safety residual thickness. Because there is.

In addition, since the phosphor material should be located on the refractory back surface 11, the shape of the refractory lead should be such that the movable surface 12 and the back surface 11 could be distinguished. It is desirable to indicate which side is the movable side.

In general, in the case of a ladle or a refractory lead that is formed in a columnar shape such as a converter, the phosphor-added region is generally located at a wider side with the refractory lead because the width of the movable surface is narrower and the width of the rear surface is wider.

Hereinafter, the application of the refractory softening of this invention is demonstrated.

4 is a plan view and a front view showing the refractory smoke and the erosion state in which the phosphor is inserted, and the operator can visually observe the front view.

As shown in Fig. 4, the refractory wire into which the phosphor is inserted is eroded up to the safety remaining thickness with the refractory smoke as in Fig. 4 (a) while the refractory lead is inserted at the same time as the refractory lead into which the phosphor is inserted. If this is not the case, there is no difference, but when it is eroded to the safety remaining thickness with the refractory smoke as shown in Fig. 4 (b) it can be easily determined by showing a special color and light with the phosphor is inserted.

In addition, even when the erosion to more than the safety remaining thickness with the refractory smoke as shown in Figure 4 (c) continues to display a special color and light, even if the operator misses the instant inspection time can be checked and repaired and repaired The timing can be easily determined.

As described above, the present invention remains through easy hot observation using light and color by using a refractory in which a clay (or fluorescent) material is partially applied to a weak part of a molten metal for transport or refining furnace body. By accurately and continuously grasping the current situation to determine the optimal repair time, it has the effect of maximizing the cost saving effect and stable operation by extending the service life of the furnace body.

Claims (1)

For fire retardants subjected to thermal and chemical erosion, Its part contains phosphorescent (or fluorescent) material which exhibits its own light or color upon receiving energy, and the location of the part containing the phosphor is inherently unique when the refractory is eroded up to the safety remaining thickness in use with the refractory Refractory smoke characterized by being set to display a light or color