KR20030035171A - Smart card and method for writing/erasing and operating an os program the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A smart card, and its OS(Operating System) management method are provided to make it possible to store the OS program at a flash memory of a smart card via a card reader, and executing the OS program. CONSTITUTION: The method comprises several steps. A CPU of a smart card, if powered on, checks whether a ROM/flash selection signal of the smart card is detected(S10). In a case that the ROM selection signal is detected, a memory controller changes a structure of a semiconductor memory(S12). Then, the CPU checks whether a signal input via a card reader is a flash memory deletion or programming signal(S14). In a case of a flash memory deletion signal, the CPU activates a control program stored at a ROM, and deletes the flash memory according to the control program(S16). On the contrary, in a case of a flash memory programming signal, the CPU loads the OS program codes, transmitted via the card reader, at corresponding addresses of the flash memory according to the control program(S18). In a case that the flash selection signal is detected in the step S10, the memory controller changes a structure of a semiconductor memory for excluding the ROM from an actual executing structure(S20).

Description

SMART CARD AND METHOD FOR WRITING / ERASING AND OPERATING AN OS PROGRAM THE SAME}

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a smart card, and in particular, even after a semiconductor memory chip of a smart card is manufactured, a smart card and an OS program storage capable of storing an operating system (OS) program in a flash memory inside the smart card through a card reader. / Deletes and executes them.

Generally, a smart card is called an integrated circuit (IC) card, and a semiconductor chip including a semiconductor memory and a central processing unit (CPU) is embedded therein. Smart cards have a larger memory capacity and a central processing unit than magnetic cards, and can perform advanced functions such as judgment, calculation, and data protection. In addition, the latest smart card has a built-in I / O protocol, OS, and application programs to be able to transfer information to the card reader and bidirectional. Therefore, smart cards have excellent security functions such as encryption processing, authentication of connection targets, management of stored data, high stability, and cannot be forged, and thus are used as bank cards, identity cards, pay-broadcast reception cards, and the like.

1 is a block diagram of a smart card according to the prior art. Referring to FIG. 1, the conventional smart card 1 includes a semiconductor memory unit 10, a central processing unit 20, a bus 30, and an input / output interface 40. Unexplained reference numeral 2 is a card reader and 4 is a host computer.

The semiconductor memory 10 is generally composed of a ROM 12 in which an OS program is stored, an EEPROM 16 in which permanent data is stored, and a RAM 18 in which temporary data is stored when the OS is executed. In this case, the semiconductor memory 10 further includes a flash memory 14, which stores data that can be stored and deleted in the smart card 1, and a control program of an application program and a ROM.

The smart card 1 according to the related art is driven by an OS program stored in the ROM 12 when the chip of the semiconductor memory 10 is manufactured to communicate data with the card reader 2. The trend of the current smart card 1 has been extended from the central processing unit 20 having an 8-bit computing function to the central processing unit 20 capable of 32-bit operation in order to implement various functions. It is growing in size and complicated in control.

However, in the conventional smart card 1, once the OS program of the card is stored in the ROM 12, it is impossible to replace or change it. That is, when an error exists in the OS program in the card or when the OS program is upgraded, the existing smart card cannot be used, and there is a problem that a new card must be replaced.

An object of the present invention is to store a control program for I / O communication and flash control in the ROM in order to solve the problems of the prior art, and to delete or store the OS program of the card in the flash memory and to select and control the ROM and flash memory It is to provide a smart card that is easy to modify and add the OS program of the smart card by having a memory control unit.

Another object of the present invention is to drive the control program of the ROM according to the ROM selection signal received the OS code of the card through the card reader to store or delete in the flash memory, the OS program of the card stored in the flash memory in accordance with the flash selection signal This is to provide an OS program storage / deletion and execution method of the smart card easy to modify and delete the OS program of the smart card at any time.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a card having a semiconductor memory unit having at least one memory and a chip equipped with a central processing unit, wherein the semiconductor memory unit includes a ROM, a flash memory, and a RAM. A control program having control codes for control and input / output is stored, the OS program of the card can be stored and deleted in the flash memory, and temporary data is stored in the RAM when the card is driven and stored in the flash memory in response to the memory selection signal of the card. A memory controller which selects an OS program of the card and changes and activates the structure of the semiconductor memory unit in a set form according to the selection, an input / output interface for transmitting input / output signals of internal elements of the card reader in contact with the card, and a memory of the card In response to the selection signal and the signal input from the card reader Then, the flash memory is deleted through the memory control unit according to the ROM control program or the OS code transferred from the card reader is loaded to the corresponding address of the flash memory to store the OS program. It has a central processing unit for controlling.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention relates to a method of storing / deleting and executing an OS program in a card having a chip including at least one semiconductor memory unit and a central processing unit. Determining whether the signal selected from the card reader is the erase or programming signal of the flash memory when the memory selection signal of the card is the ROM selection signal of the semiconductor memory; and if the signal input from the card reader is the erase signal, Deleting the flash memory according to the ROM control program of the memory unit; and if the signal input from the card reader is a programming signal, the OS code transferred from the card reader to the flash memory according to the ROM program of the semiconductor memory unit corresponds to the flash memory. Load it into the address Storing the OS program.

1 is a configuration diagram of a smart card according to the prior art,

2 is a block diagram of a smart card according to the present invention;

3A and 3B are diagrams showing examples of a memory structure changed according to memory selection in a smart card of the present invention;

4 is a flowchart illustrating a method for storing / deleting and executing an OS program in a smart card according to the present invention.

<Description of the code | symbol about the principal part of drawing>

100: smart card 102: card reader

104: host computer 106: ROM / flash select signal

110: semiconductor memory section 112: ROM

114: flash memory 116: EEPROM

118: RAM 120: memory control

130: central processing unit 140: bus

150: input and output interface 160: input terminal

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

2 is a configuration diagram of a smart card according to the present invention, referring to the smart card 100 of the present invention is a semiconductor memory unit 110, a memory control unit 120, a central processing unit 130, a bus ( 140, an input / output interface 150, and an input terminal 160. Unexplained reference numeral 102 is a card reader and 104 is a host computer.

The semiconductor memory unit 110 of the present invention includes a ROM 112, a flash memory 114, and a RAM 118. Here, the ROM 112 stores a control program having the control of the flash memory 114 and the control code for input / output (I / O) before the chip of the semiconductor memory unit 110 is manufactured. The flash memory 114 stores and deletes an OS program of a card. The RAM 118 stores temporary data when the card is driven. Meanwhile, the semiconductor memory unit 110 may include another ROM in which permanent data used for each drive of the card is stored. In this embodiment, the EEPROM 116 is used.

The memory controller 120 of the present invention selects the OS program of the card stored in the flash memory 114 in response to the ROM / flash selection signal 106 of the card. In addition, according to the selection, the structure of the semiconductor memory unit 110 is changed into a set form and activated.

The central processing unit 130 of the present invention drives the control program of the ROM 112 in response to the signal input from the card ROM / flash selection signal 106 and the card reader 102 of the card to flash through the memory controller 120. The memory 114 is deleted. Or by loading the OS code transmitted from the card reader 102 to the corresponding address of the flash memory 114 to store the OS program. Then, the driving of the card is controlled according to the execution of the OS program stored in the flash memory 114.

The input / output interface 150 of the present invention is a module for transmitting an input / output (I / O) signal in a data format specified in ISO 7816, a contact card standard, and the card reader 102 and internal elements in contact with the card 100. Transmit input and output signals between.

In addition, the input terminal 160 of the present invention receives the ROM / flash selection signal 106 of the card for selecting any one of the control program of the ROM 112 and the OS program of the flash memory 114, and then the memory controller 120. To pass).

In the smart card 1 of the present invention configured as described above, when the ROM selection signal 106 is input through the input terminal 160 in a state where power is applied, the memory controller 120 is a ROM of the semiconductor memory unit 110. (112) is activated to execute the control program stored in the ROM (112). According to the flash memory control and input / output (I / O) control codes in the control program of the ROM 112, the input / output interface 150 receives the OS program of the card from the card reader 102 in the data format specified in ISO 7816, the standard for contact cards. Is input. The memory controller 120 stores the OS program of the card in the flash memory 114. After the storage of the OS program is completed, when the flash selection signal 106 is input through the input terminal 106, the memory controller 120 excludes the ROM 112 from the components of the semiconductor memory unit 110 and flash memory. By activating 114, the OS program of the previously stored card is executed.

Meanwhile, when the ROM selection signal 106 is input through the input terminal 160 while the smart card 1 of the present invention is powered on, the memory controller 120 according to a command input from the card reader 102 is performed. The control program of the ROM 112 may be activated to delete the OS program of the card stored in the flash memory 114.

3A and 3B are diagrams showing examples of a memory structure changed according to memory selection in the smart card of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3A, when the ROM selection signal 106 of the card is input through the input terminal 160, the memory controller 120 changes the structure of the semiconductor memory 110 into the ROM 112 and the flash memory 114. To include the EEPROM 116 and the RAM 118. Referring to FIG. 3B, when the flash selection signal 106 of the card is input through the input terminal 160, the memory controller 120 changes the structure of the semiconductor memory unit 110 into the flash memory 114 and the EEPROM 116. To include the RAM 118. Reference numerals 113 and 117 which are not described in this figure represent empty areas of the memory.

Next, the smart card operation (storing / deleting and executing the OS program) of the present invention configured as described above will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 4. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method of storing / deleting and executing an OS program in a smart card according to the present invention.

First, the central processing unit 130 in the smart card 100 of the present invention determines whether the ROM / flash selection signal 106 of the card is detected through the input terminal 160 after the power is applied (S10).

As a result of the determination in S10, when the ROM selection signal is detected, the memory controller 120 changes the structure of the semiconductor memory 110 as shown in FIG. 3A.

The central processing unit 130 determines whether the signal input from the card reader 102 through the input / output interface 150 is the erase or programming signal of the flash memory (S14).

As a result of the determination in S14, if the signal input from the card reader 102 is the erase signal, the central processing unit 130 controls the memory control unit 120 to activate the control program stored in the ROM 112 and according to the code in the control program. The flash memory 114 is deleted. (S16) On the other hand, if the signal input from the card reader 102 is a programming signal, the central processing unit 130 according to the code in the control program stored in the ROM 112, the card reader 102. The OS code transferred from) is loaded into the corresponding address of the flash memory 114 to store the OS program of the card.

For example, when the command and the OS code are input from the card reader 102, the command is interpreted by the control program in the ROM 112 to delete the flash memory 114 located at 0x10000 as shown in FIG. 3A or the OS code. To the desired address of the flash memory 114. In this case, the erase command of the flash memory 114 may be divided into an entire erase and a sector erase.

On the other hand, when the flash selection signal is detected by the memory control unit 120 as a result of the determination in S10, the structure of the semiconductor memory unit 110 is changed to exclude the ROM 112 (see FIG. 3B).

After changing the structure of the semiconductor memory unit 110 as shown in FIG. 3B, the central processing unit 130 controls the driving of the card according to the OS program stored in the flash memory 114.

As described above, in the present invention, since the OS program is stored in a ROM in a conventional smart card, once the OS program is stored, the OS can overcome the disadvantage of being impossible to change and the OS developer can freely change the OS program of the smart card into the flash memory at any time. .

That is, the smart card of the present invention can load the OS program of the card into the flash memory through the card reader after fabrication of the memory chip, so that the OS developer needs to mask the OS of the card to the ROM simultaneously with the fabrication of the semiconductor memory chip of the card. The card's OS can be entered at any time when the card requires an OS. Therefore, if the memory selection signal of the smart card is changed after the OS storage is completed in the flash memory, the memory structure of the smart card is changed, the program stored in the ROM is ignored, and the OS program stored in the flash memory is executed to implement the desired smart card function. There is a number.

Therefore, according to the present invention, as the function of the smart card is improved, even if the OS program of the card becomes large and complicated, OS program input and error correction and OS change of the smart card are easy, and thus OS development efficiency of the smart card is increased.

On the other hand, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, various modifications are possible by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present invention described in the claims to be described later.

Claims (7)

A card in which a chip equipped with a semiconductor memory unit having at least one memory and a central processing unit is embedded, The semiconductor memory unit includes a ROM, a flash memory, and a RAM. The ROM stores a control program having control and input / output codes of the flash memory, and the OS program of the card can be stored and deleted in the flash memory. RAM stores temporary data when the card is driven, A memory controller configured to select an OS program of the card stored in the flash memory in response to a memory selection signal of the card, and change and activate a structure of the semiconductor memory unit in a set form according to the selection; An input / output interface for transmitting input / output signals of internal elements with a card reader in contact with the card; And In response to a memory selection signal of the card and a signal input from the card reader, the flash memory is deleted through the memory controller or the OS code transmitted from the card reader is stored according to the control program of the ROM. And a central processor configured to store an OS program and control card driving according to execution of the OS program of the stored flash memory. The smart card according to claim 1, further comprising an input terminal to which a memory selection signal of the card for selecting one of a control program of a ROM of the semiconductor memory unit and an OS program of a flash memory is input. The smart card of claim 1, wherein the semiconductor memory unit further comprises another ROM which permanently stores data. The method of claim 1 or 3, wherein when the memory selection signal of the card is a ROM selection signal of the semiconductor memory unit, the memory controller changes the semiconductor memory unit to a structure including a ROM, a flash memory, a RAM, and another ROM. Featured smart card. The method of claim 1 or 3, wherein when the memory selection signal of the card is a flash selection signal of the semiconductor memory unit, the memory controller changes the semiconductor memory unit to a structure including a flash memory, a RAM, and another ROM. Smart card. A method of storing / deleting and executing an OS program in a card in which at least one semiconductor memory unit and a chip including a central processing unit are embedded, Determining whether a memory selection signal of the card is detected; Determining whether a signal input from the card reader is an erase or programming signal of the flash memory when the memory selection signal of the card is a ROM selection signal of the semiconductor memory unit; Deleting the flash memory according to a control program in a ROM of the semiconductor memory unit when the signal input from the card reader is a delete signal; And If the signal input from the card reader is a programming signal, storing the OS program by loading the OS code transferred from the card reader to a corresponding address of the flash memory according to a control program in a ROM of the semiconductor memory unit; OS program storage / deletion and execution method of the smart card, characterized in that made. The method of claim 6, wherein when the memory selection signal of the card is a flash selection signal of the semiconductor memory unit, And controlling the driving of a card according to the execution of the OS program of the flash memory.