KR20030019220A - Foaming Aerosol Cosmetic Compositions - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: Provided is an aerosol cleanser producing a foam having an appearance similar to whipped cream and keeping the foam stability for an essentially sufficient period. CONSTITUTION: An aerosol-delivery foamable cosmetic composition is characteristically composed of an alkyl or alkenyl phosphate, an alkyl polyglycoside, a water-insoluble granular substance and a propellant. The weight ratio of phosphate to polyglycoside is 1:1 or below. The composition forms stable foam resembling a whipped cream and giving excellent smooth powdery feeling.

Description

Foaming Aerosol Cosmetic Compositions

The present invention relates in particular to a foaming cosmetic composition sprayed with an aerosol for clearing the makeup of the face.

Properly formulated cleansers can effectively and efficiently remove makeup face powder, loose, foundation base, eye shadow and lipstick. Commercially available facial washes comprise a surfactant component. Surfactants sometimes generate a lot of foam when in contact with water. Commercially available cleansers are in the form of gels, lotions, creams or non-aerosols. However, research on the latest, more aesthetic forms continues.

US Pat. No. 5,002,680 (Schmidt et al.) Describes a skin-cleaning mousse comprising an aerosol dispenser containing an emulsion formed from a concentrate and from 3 to 12% by weight propellant. Concentrates require anionic or amphoteric surfactants, cationic polymers and moisturizers that form or do not form a coating.

U. S. Patent No. 5,496, 538 to Zimmerman et al. Describes a self-foaming cleanser based on a hydrocarbon propellant and a concentrate that may include polyglycosides and various anionic surfactants. Specifically, the product is made of a clear single-phase solution in a clear compressed bottle. The cleaning component is adjusted to meet the requirement of a low pH meter. Although this product is effective for this purpose, there is a need for a more efficient cleaner that can provide rich foam, such as whipped cream, and maintain a stable foam over a much longer time.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an aerosol cleaner that aesthetically generates bubbles such as whipped cream and can maintain foam stability for a considerable time.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a foam type aerosol cosmetics for removing makeup that gives a smooth feeling (ie, a smooth and soft texture).

Various objects of the present invention will become more apparent from the following summary and detailed description.

The present invention,

(i) about 0.5 to about 20 weight percent alkyl or alkenyl phosphate;

(ii) about 0.5 to about 40 weight percent alkyl polyglycoside;

(iii) about 0.01 to about 15 weight percent of a water insoluble particulate material that provides a smooth and smooth feel; And

(iv) about 0.5 to about 20 weight percent propellant

To include, wherein the phosphate and polyglycoside is present in a weight ratio of about 1: 1 or less, to provide an aerosol cosmetic composition.

It has now been found that certain aerosol formulations can produce foams with whipped cream consistency, excellent smoothness and stability. This composition comprises a water insoluble particulate powder, an alkyl or alkenyl phosphate ester and an alkyl polyglycoside. It is particularly important that the ratio of phosphate ester to polyglycoside should be about 1: 1 or less in order to achieve the desired properties.

The water insoluble particles of the present invention will remain insoluble in the compositions of the present invention. Suitable materials as these particles include polyolefins (eg polyethylene), polyamides (eg nylon), polyesters (eg polyethylene terephthalate), clays, mica and talc. Talc commercially available as SA-soft from Miyoshi Kasei Inc. and nylon commercially available as S106-55M Nylon HK500 from Daito Kasei Kogyo are most preferred.

Preferably the water insoluble particles have a hydrophobic surface. Hydrophobicity can be provided by coating the surface with a suitable hydrophobic material such as dimethicone oil. For example, talc or treated nylon treated with silicone is particularly preferred. The amount of hydrophobic coating to the amount of uncoated particles may have a weight range of 1: 1000 to 1: 4, preferably 1: 100 to 1:10.

The amount of water insoluble particulate material may range from about 0.01 to about 15 weight percent of the composition, preferably from about 1 to about 8 weight percent, optimally from about 3 to about 6 weight percent.

The average particle size may range from about 0.1 to about 100 microns, preferably from about 1 to about 50 microns, optimally from about 2 to about 20 microns.

An important component of the present invention is alkyl or alkenyl phosphate esters. The ester is a combination of mono-, di-, tri- or C ₅ -C ₂₄ alkyl or alkenyl phosphate esters. The alkoxylation groups by polyoxyethylene or polyoxypropylene or combinations thereof may be inserted between alkyl or alkenyl groups and phosphate functional groups. Mono- and di-phosphate esters are particularly preferred and have a structure such as:

In the formula,

R ⁰¹ is selected from branched or unbranched alkyl and alkenyl groups having an average of 8 to 24 carbon atoms,

R ⁰² and R ⁰³ are each selected from branched or unbranched alkyl and alkenyl groups having an average of 8 to 24 carbon atoms,

X, Y and Z are each H, alkali metal, ammonium and substituted ammonium counterions,

a and b are each selected from 1 to 10, preferably 1 to 4, in particular 1 or 2.

For the purposes of the present invention, lauryl monophosphate commercially available from Japan Kao Corporation as Priory B-300D is most preferred. The amount of phosphate ester ranges from about 0.5 to about 20 weight percent, preferably from about 1 to about 10 weight percent, optimally from about 2 to about 5 weight percent.

Another important component for the purposes of the present invention is alkyl polyglycosides. The substance is a formula RO (R ¹ O) _t Z _{x wherein} Z is a residue derived from a reducing sugar comprising 5 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably a glucose, galactose, glucosyl or galactosyl residue Or a mixture thereof, R is a hydrophobic group selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkyl phenyl, hydroxyalkyl phenyl or hydroxyalkyl groups or mixtures thereof, wherein the alkyl group is from about 8 to about 20 carbon atoms, preferably from about 10 to 16 carbon atoms Carbon atoms, most preferably about 12 to 14 carbon atoms, R ¹ includes 2 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably ethylene, propylene and / or glyceryl, and t is from 0 to about 30, preferably 0 to about 10, most preferably 0; x is about 1.5 to about 10, preferably 1.5 to 4, most preferably 1.6 to 2.7).

Alkyl polyglycosides are commercially available under the trademark Plantareen from Henkel Corporation, Amble, Pennsylvania. Plantareen 2000, for example, is a C ₈ -C ₁₆ alcohol, in particular a polysaccharide reacted with decyl polyglucose (named CTFA). Also available are C ₁₂ -C ₁₆ alcohol derivatives sold under the trademarks Plantareen 1300 and Plantareen 1200. Another source is Cao Corporation, which sells lauryl glycosides under the trademark Mydol 12.

The amount of alkyl polyglycoside may range from about 0.5 to about 40 weight percent, preferably from about 1 to about 10 weight percent, optimally from about 2 to about 8 weight percent.

An important aspect of the present invention is that the phosphate esters and alkyl polyglycosides are present in a relative weight ratio of about 1: 1 or less, preferably about 1: 1.2 or less and optimally about 1: 1.5 or less. This weight ratio may range from about 1: 1 to 1: 4, preferably from about 1: 1.2 to 1: 3, optimally from 1: 1.5 to 1: 1.2.

A further aspect of the composition of the present invention is the presence of propellant. This material can be selected from hydrocarbons, halocarbons, ethers and carbon dioxide. Suitable hydrocarbons include propane, butane, isobutane, pentane, isopentane and mixtures thereof. Dimethyl ether is an example of an ether propellant. Halocarbons such as trichlorofluoromethane, dichlorodifluoromethane, dichlorotetrafluoromethane, monochlorodifluoromethane, trichlorotrifluoroethane and various combinations thereof can be used. However, halocarbons are undesirable for environmental reasons. Most preferred is a liquefied propane gas mixture of hydrocarbons with a small amount of carbon dioxide to adjust the pressure within the range where spraying is possible.

The amount of propellant may range from about 0.5 to about 20 weight percent of the composition, preferably from about 2 to 15 weight percent, optimally from about 4 to about 10 weight percent.

Advantageously the composition of the present invention may comprise a dispersant. This material helps to redisperse the particles while the user shakes the container to homogenize any separated propellant phase back into the composition. Magnesium aluminum silicate commercially available from Veegum® is a preferred dispersant. The amount of material may range from about 0.01% to about 5% by weight of the composition, preferably from about 0.1% to 2% by weight.

The composition of the present invention will comprise water in an amount ranging from about 5 to about 90 weight percent, preferably from about 30 to 75 weight percent, optimally from about 45 to about 60 weight percent.

Wetting agents of the polyhydric alcohol type may also be included in the compositions of the present invention. Wetting agents help reduce dead skin cells, promote the removal of accumulated dead skin cells, and improve skin feel. Typical polyhydric alcohols include propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol and derivatives thereof, sorbitol, hydroxypropyl sorbitol, hexylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, Glycerol (glycerine), polyalkylene glycols, including ethoxylated glycols, propoxylated glycols and derivatives thereof, more preferably alkylene polyols and derivatives thereof. For best results the humectant is preferably glycerol. The amount of wetting agent can generally range from about 0.5 to about 60 weight percent, preferably about 15 to 50 weight percent, optimally about 30 to about 40 weight percent of the composition.

Emollients in the form of silicone oils and synthetic esters may also be incorporated into the compositions of the present invention. The amount of emollient may generally range from about 0.1 to about 30 weight percent of the composition, preferably from about 1 to 20 weight percent, optimally from about 3 to about 5 weight percent.

Silicone oils can be divided into volatile and nonvolatile varieties. As used herein, the term "volatile" refers to a material having a vapor pressure that is measurable at atmospheric pressure. Preferably the volatile silicone oil is selected from cyclic or linear polydimethylsiloxanes having about 3 to 9, preferably about 4 to 5 silicon atoms.

Whereas cyclic materials typically have a viscosity of less than about 10 centistokes at 25 ° C., linear volatile silicone materials generally have a viscosity of less than about 5 centistokes.

Nonvolatile silicone oils useful as emollients include polyalkyl siloxanes, polyalkylaryl siloxanes, and polyether siloxane copolymers. Intrinsically nonvolatile polyalkyl siloxanes useful in the present invention include, for example, polydimethyl siloxanes having a viscosity of about 5 to 100,000 centistokes at 25 ° C. Among the preferred nonvolatile emollients useful in the compositions of the present invention are polydimethyl siloxanes having a viscosity of about 10 to about 400 centistokes at 25 ° C.

Among the ester emollients are the following.

(1) Alkyl and alkenyl esters of fatty acids having 10 to 20 carbon atoms. Examples thereof include myristyl myristate, isopropyl myristate, isononyl isononanoate, oleyl myristate, oleyl stearate and oleyl oleate.

(2) ether-esters, such as fatty acid esters of ethoxylated fatty alcohols.

(3) polyhydric alcohol esters. Ethylene glycol mono and di-fatty acid esters, diethylene glycol mono- and di-fatty acid esters, polyethylene glycol (200 to 6000) mono- and di-fatty acid esters, propylene glycol mono- and di-fatty acid esters, polypropylene glycol 2000 mono Oleate, polypropylene glycol 2000 monostearate, ethoxylated propylene glycol monostearate, glyceryl mono- and di-fatty acid esters, polyglycerol poly-fatty esters, ethoxylated glyceryl monostearate, 1,3-butylene Glycol monostearate, 1,3-butylene glycol distearate, polyoxyethylene polyol fatty acid esters, sorbitan fatty acid esters and polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters are satisfactory polyhydric alcohol esters.

(4) wax esters such as beeswax, spermatozoon, myristyl myristate, stearyl stearate.

(5) sterol esters, such as cholesterol fatty acid esters.

Preferably a preservative may be incorporated into the cosmetic composition of the present invention to prevent the growth of potentially harmful microorganisms. Traditional preservatives suitable for the compositions of the present invention are alkyl esters of para-hydroxybenzoic acid. Other preservatives used more recently include hydantoin derivatives, propionate salts and various quaternary ammonium compounds. Cosmetic chemists are well aware of suitable preservatives and routinely select ones that will satisfy preservation testing and provide product stability. Particularly preferred preservatives are methyl paraben, imidazolidinyl urea, sodium dehydroxyacetate, propyl parabenbenzyl alcohol and iodopropynyl butyl carbamate (known under the name DMDM Hydantoin in CTFA and commercially available as Glydant Plus). . Preservatives should be selected taking into account the use of the composition and the possible incompatibility between the preservative and other components in the emulsion. Preservatives are used in amounts ranging from about 0.01 to 2 weight percent of the composition.

Small amounts of auxiliary ingredients may also be included in the cosmetic composition. This component includes sequestrants (eg disodium EDTA), vitamins (eg vitamin E, acetate, vitamin A palmitate and DL-panthenol) and flavorings.

Surfactants other than phosphate esters and alkyl polyglycosides may also be used. It may be a nonionic, anionic, cationic, amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant. The amount of this material can generally range from about 0.5 to about 20 weight percent of the composition.

Examples of anionic surfactants include C ₁₀ -C ₂₄ acyl isethionate, alkyl sulfates, alkylbenzene sulfonates, alkyl glyceryl ether sulfates and sulfonates, dialkylsulfosuccinates, olefin sulfonates, alkyl taurates , Alkyl sarcosinates, alkylethercarboxylates, N-acyl amino acids or salts thereof, soaps, and combinations thereof.

Among the useful nonionic surfactants are alkoxylated fatty alcohols and fatty acids as well as sugar fatty amides such as methyl gluconamide.

Amphoteric surfactants include, for example, glycinates such as C ₁ -C ₃₀ alkyl amidopropyl betaine and cocoyl amide propyldimethyl glycine, the latter being the preferred surfactant.

It is to be understood that all numbers indicative of the amount of a substance on this specification are modified by the word "about", except in the Examples and Comparative Examples, or unless expressly indicated otherwise.

The term "comprising" is not meant to be limited to any of the preceding components, but to mean including unspecified elements of multiple or minor functional significance. That is, it is not limited to the listed steps, ingredients, or options. Even when the terms "including" or "having" are used, these terms are equivalent to "comprising" above.

The following examples will more fully describe embodiments of the present invention. All parts, percentages, and ratios mentioned in this application and in the appended claims are by weight, weight percent, and weight ratio, respectively, unless stated otherwise.

<Examples 1 to 8>

The series of aerosol compositions (double water phase and hydrocarbon phase) according to the invention are described in the table below.

Example 9

Comparative experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of different anionic surfactants on various properties of the composition.

Table 3 reports the effects of different anionic surfactants. When alkyl phosphate was replaced with soap (Sample C), the form of the foam was clearly different. Sample C formulation did not provide whipped cream foam, and the soft feeling also decreased substantially. Substitution of the alkyl phosphate with lauryl ether sulfate (sample B) resulted in a much softer foam and a slower rinse rate. When alkyl phosphate was replaced with sodium cocoyl isethionate (Sample D), the foam was also softer and the softness was reduced.

<Example 10>

Comparative experiments were performed to evaluate the effect of the phosphate ester to alkylpolyglycoside ratio. Table 4 describes the results of the experiment. The basic formulation of Sample A (added 5% liquefied petroleum gas) was used with different phosphate and polyglycoside concentrations only.

When the ratio of phosphate to polyglycoside was 2.5: 1, the result of foaming and soft feeling was unsatisfactory. A ratio of 1: 1.5 and smaller was found to be acceptable.

The foregoing description and examples illustrate specific embodiments of the invention. In view of all that is within the spirit and scope of the invention, their variations and modifications will be suggested to those skilled in the art.

The present invention provides an aerosol cleaner that aesthetically generates bubbles, such as whipped cream, and that can maintain foam stability for a significant time.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a cosmetic removal aerosol cosmetics for generating a soft feeling foam.

Claims (7)

(i) about 0.5 to about 20 weight percent alkyl or alkenyl phosphate; (ii) about 0.5 to about 40 weight percent alkyl polyglycoside; (iii) about 0.01 to about 15 weight percent of a water insoluble particulate material that provides a smooth, smooth feel; And (iv) about 0.5 to about 20 weight percent propellant Wherein the phosphate and polyglycoside are present in a weight ratio of about 1: 1 or less. The composition of claim 1, wherein the water insoluble fine particles have a hydrophobic surface. The composition of claim 1 wherein the water insoluble particulate material is talc. The composition of claim 3 wherein the talc is coated with dimethicone. The composition of claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of phosphate to polyglycoside is about 1: 1.2 or less. The composition of claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of phosphate to polyglycoside is about 1: 1.5 or less. The composition of claim 1 wherein the phosphate and polyglycoside are lauryl phosphate and lauryl polyglycoside, respectively.