KR20030008707A - Pac type air-conditioning apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A pac type air-conditioning apparatus is provided to allow cooling or heating operation to be selectively performed, while maintaining an indoor area at a comfort state even without operating a compressor. CONSTITUTION: A pac type air-conditioning apparatus comprises an indoor unit(a) and an outdoor unit(b). An indoor unit body(1) having an outlet(11) and an inlet(13) is divided into an upper space(2) and a lower space(3) through a partition(12). An air blower(32) is installed within the lower space so as to discharge air into the upper space. A heat exchanger(21) having an expansion valve(22) and a distributor(23) for circulation of the cooling or heating gas transferred from the outdoor unit is installed in the upper space. An outdoor unit case(5) is divided into an upper space(6) and a lower space(7) by a partition(51). A main evaporator(61) is installed in the upper space, and a compressor(71), an oil separator(72), a four-way valve(73), a liquid receiver(74), a hot gas defrosting electronic valve(76) and a liquid heater(75) are installed in the lower space. The indoor unit and the outdoor unit are interconnected with each other through a heat transfer line(8).

Description

Waste heat recovery type air-conditioning combined cooling, heating and ventilation {PAC type air-conditioning apparatus}

The present invention relates to a waste heat recovery type air-conditioning combined cooling, heating, and ventilation, and more specifically, by using a cooling and heating switching four-way valve and a cooling and heating combined heat exchanger, it is possible to selectively cool or heat when needed, and at the same time Even though the external temperature is very low during heating, the auxiliary evaporator is operated so that sufficient heating can be achieved without the use of a separate auxiliary heat source such as electricity or fuel. By introducing 100% into the room, it is possible to keep the room in a comfortable state without operating the compressor, thereby improving the use efficiency of the air conditioner for cooling, heating and ventilation.

In general, offices and offices use air conditioners in summer and electric auxiliary heaters or warmers in winter. Thus, air conditioners and warmers are separately installed in summer and winter so that cooling and heating of the room are performed. In this case, the air-conditioner and the heater must be purchased separately and the cost of the installation and the problem of occupying a large occupied area of the installation of the heater.

Recently, due to the problem of having to separately purchase and install an air conditioner and a heater for cooling and heating of the room as described above, a cooling, heating and ventilation combined air conditioner capable of simultaneously cooling and heating has been released and used.

The air-conditioning combined air conditioner used in this way is used as a general air conditioner for cooling in the summer, and an electric heater inside the air conditioner in the winter season, and can be used as a hot air heater for heating by other means. It was necessary to use separate equipment for cooling and heating.

As described above, the conventional air-conditioning combined air conditioner for selectively cooling and heating according to the seasons is sucked into the indoor air through the inlet of the front side during cooling, and then the sucked air is exchanged while passing through the evaporator coil. It is to be discharged through the discharge port as a cold wind to cool the room. When heating, the heating means in which the indoor air sucked through the front suction port is heated by an auxiliary heat source such as an electric heater or combustion of fuel. By passing through the hot wind to be discharged into the room was to be heated to the room.

However, the above-mentioned conventional air conditioner for cooling, heating, and ventilation is not only applied to a small capacity having a small capacity but also causes a damage of the compressor due to liquid compression in winter. And heating the indoor space by passing the auxiliary heat source heated by the combustion of electricity or fuel separately installed in the combined-use air conditioner to be discharged into the room as a hot wind. When installing an electric heater inside an air conditioner for both cooling and heating, there is a problem in that an oxygen deficiency occurs in the room along with an excessive electric charge due to the use of electric power. Heating means for generating heat by combustion of fuel, not electric heater In addition to the complicated configuration for burning fuel, installation costs not only have to bear additional fuel costs, but also keep the room in a pleasant state, such as frequent ventilation due to gas or odor generated during the combustion of used fuel. In addition, there is a problem that the heat loss occurs in the process of frequent ventilation and efficient heating cannot be achieved, and the complexity of the configuration and the power usage of the electric heater or the fuel heater must be installed as an auxiliary heat source for heating. Due to the burden of electric charges and excessive generation of gases and odors due to the combustion of fuels, there was a problem that it was not applicable to medium and large-sized cooling and heating air conditioners.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a conventional heating and air conditioning system that must be installed as an auxiliary heat source that is accompanied by excessive electric power consumption or an auxiliary heat source accompanied by gas and odor generation due to fuel combustion. In order to solve the problem, in the summer, not only the cooling is performed by the same cooling cycle as in the general air conditioner, but also in the winter by the heat exchange action by the evaporator (condenser) without installing a separate electric or fuel heater. In the case of cold weather when the outside air temperature is drastically lowered as well as efficient heating, the evaporation pressure is increased by the auxiliary evaporator so that a smooth heat exchange action is performed so that the heating can be performed under any circumstances regardless of the outside temperature so that the heating is more efficient. To make this possible In addition, in the cold or hot seasons such as spring or autumn, the air conditioners can be kept fresh by inflowing all the outside air without any compressor to allow the air to be naturally ventilated. It is to provide a waste heat recovery type air-conditioning combined cooling, heating and ventilation.

1 is a partially cutaway perspective view and a schematic diagram of an air conditioner according to the present invention;

Figure 2 is a system diagram during the cooling operation of the air conditioner according to the present invention.

Figure 3 is a system diagram during the heating operation of the air conditioner according to the present invention.

4A and 4B are explanatory diagrams showing an example of air flow and automatic control of an air conditioner according to the present invention;

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

a: indoor unit b: outdoor unit

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Indoor unit main body 2,6 Upper space 3,7 Lower space 5 Outdoor unit case 8 Heat transfer line 11 Discharge port 12 Plate 13 Suction part

21: combined heat and heat exchanger 22: expansion valve 23: distributor

24: indoor air suction damper 24a: air supply blower 33a: exhaust blower

31 sterilization filter 32 air supply blower 33 indoor air inlet 51 partition wall 61 main evaporator 62 auxiliary evaporator 71 compressor 72 oil separator

73: cold, heating switching four-way valve 74: receiver 75: liquid preheater

In order to achieve the above object, the waste heat recovery type cold, heating, and ventilation combined air conditioner according to the present invention is composed of an indoor unit (a) and an outdoor unit (b), and is capable of selectively cooling and heating. In the air conditioner (A), the inside of the indoor unit main body (1) formed with the discharge port (11) on the upper side and the suction unit (13) on the lower side to the upper and lower spaces (2) (3) by the diaphragm (12). In the lower space (3), an air supply blower (32) is installed in the lower space (3) so as to be discharged into the upper space (2), and in the upper space (2), a cooling or heating gas selectively transferred from the outdoor unit (b) is provided. An indoor unit (a) provided with a heat-exchanging heat exchanger (21) having an expansion valve (22) and a distributor (23) for circulation;

The inside of the outdoor unit case 5 is partitioned into upper and lower spaces 6 and 7 by partition walls 51, and a main evaporator (condenser) 61 is provided in the upper space 6, and the lower space 7 The main evaporator (condenser) 61 and the auxiliary evaporator (condenser) 62 and the heat transfer line (8) connected to the compressor (71), oil separator (72), cooling, heating switching four-way valve (73) And an outdoor unit (b) provided with a receiver (74), a hot gas demagnetizer (76) and a liquid preheater (75),

It is characterized in that the indoor unit (a) and the outdoor unit (b) is connected by the heat transfer line (8).

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention.

1 is a partial cutaway perspective view and a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the waste heat recovery type cooling, heating and ventilation combined air conditioner according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a cooling operation of the waste heat recovery type cooling, heating and ventilation combined use air conditioner according to the present invention. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the heating operation of the waste heat recovery type cold, heating and ventilation combined air conditioner according to the present invention, Figure 4a and Figure 4b is another of the waste heat recovery type cold, heating and ventilation combined air conditioner according to the present invention The perspective view and sectional drawing for demonstrating the ventilation operation | movement example using the outside air of an Example, The structure consists largely of an indoor unit (a) and an outdoor unit (b).

The indoor unit (a) is substantially enclosed, and the upper space (2) and the lower space are formed by the diaphragm (12) for the internal space of the indoor unit main body (1) in which the discharge unit (11) is formed in various directions perpendicular to each other on the upper side. Each compartment is formed into a space (3), an air supply blower (32) is installed near the diaphragm (12) of the lower space (3) to suck the indoor air and send it to the upper space (2). After the heat exchange through the group 21 is supplied to the room through the discharge port 11 of the upper end of the indoor unit main body (1).

In addition, a sterilization filter 31 is installed inside the suction unit 13 under the indoor unit main body 1 so as to reliably purify and sterilize the indoor air to be sucked.

In the upper space (2), the cooling and heating combined heat exchanger (21) having an expansion valve (22) and a distributor (23) connected to an outdoor unit (b) and a heat transfer line (8) on one side is fixed to a front side of the main body. It is installed to be inclined so that the indoor air is passed by the air supply blower 32 so that heat exchange is performed to the indoor air so that cold or hot wind is blown into the room through the discharge part 11.

The outdoor unit (b) is enclosed and the inner space of the outdoor unit case (5) in which a plurality of exhaust fans (52) are installed on the upper side is partitioned into the upper space (6) and the lower space (7) by the partition wall (51). The upper space 6 is provided with a main evaporator 61 and an auxiliary evaporator 62, respectively, so as to condense or heat the hot and high pressure gas compressed by the compressor 7 during cooling. When the low temperature and low pressure gas is smoothly evaporated, the heat exchange of the refrigerant gas for cooling and heating is performed efficiently. In this case, in the present invention, a plurality of evaporators are used as the main evaporator 61 and the auxiliary evaporator 62. By installing and cooling and heating, smooth heat exchange can be achieved for the refrigerant gas. Especially in cold weather, low and low pressure gas can be evaporated more quickly and surely, and high temperature and evaporator in the liquid preheater part. To be the heat exchange of the refrigerant gas flowing done efficiently by allowing more desired by increasing the compression amount of heat and the solid heating to be achieved and a separate auxiliary heat source is not required during the heating.

In the lower space 7 of the case (b), the compressor (71) to be connected by the heat exchanger (21) and heat transfer line (8) for both the evaporator (61) and the indoor unit (a) ), The oil separator 72, the cooling and heating switching four-way valve 73, the receiver 74 and the liquid preheater 75 are provided.

The implementation operation state of the waste heat recovery type combined cooling, heating, and ventilation air conditioner (A) according to the present invention having the above configuration will be described.

First of all, in order to lower the room temperature by selecting the air conditioner (A) for cooling, heating, and ventilation of the present invention to be cooled, the air conditioner (A) is controlled to a suitable room temperature in summer by using a control panel (not shown). After setting the air conditioner to operate the air conditioner (A) is connected to the control panel to configure all the operations of the air conditioner (A) in full automatic and all manual operation according to the command of the control unit to control the program all the devices forming the air conditioner (A) are linked In operation, first, the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas from the compressor (71) of the outdoor unit (b) is passed through the heat transfer line (8) through the cold, heating switching four-way valve (73) of the outdoor unit (b) It is sent to the condenser (evaporator) 61, 62 installed in the upper space (6) and condensed while being heat exchanged to become a high temperature, high pressure saturated liquid through the receiver 11 of the lower space (7), the liquid preheater (14) After passing through the cold and warm indoor unit (a) The refrigerant is sent to the combined heat exchanger 21 as a refrigerant. At this time, the liquid refrigerant sent to the combined heat and heat exchanger 21 receives the expansion valve 22 on one side of the combined heat and heat exchanger 21. After passing through the throttling action and passing through the distributor 23 in an expanded state to pass through the combined heat, heat and heat exchanger 21, in this process the refrigerant passing through the combined heat, heat and heat exchanger 21 is The indoor air sucked through the suction unit 13 formed at the bottom of the indoor unit main body 1 of the indoor unit (a) and heat exchanged with the air blown to pass outside the heat exchanger 21 is cooled coolly. The cooled indoor air is repeatedly discharged back into the room through the discharge part 11 of the upper part of the indoor unit main body 1, thereby cooling the room.

Then, the refrigerant vaporized by heat exchange with indoor air while passing through the inside of the heat exchanger 21 for cooling and heating passes again through the cooling and heating four-way valve 73 in a state of low temperature and low pressure, and then passes through the liquid preheater 75 and the compressor ( 71 is repeated to repeat the continuous compression by the compressor 71 to repeat a series of cooling cycles.

At this time, the auxiliary condenser (evaporator) 62, which is installed to improve the cooling capacity, is always operated by lowering the high pressure condensing pressure together with the main condenser (evaporator) 61 by operating the electronic valve 62a according to the state of the high pressure. Since the condensation pressure can be maintained to improve the refrigeration capacity, stable and efficient operation is achieved, so that power-saving operation is possible.

In this way, when the air-conditioning (A) of the present invention used for cooling in summer is used for heating in winter, the gas of high temperature (80-100 ° C.) high pressure compressed from the compressor 71 is used. After passing through the oil separator 72 and passing through the cold / heating switching four-way valve 73, it immediately passes through the heat transfer line 8 to the combined heat and heat exchanger 21 of the indoor unit a. The high temperature and high pressure gas, which is supplied as a fruit for warming indoor air, is sucked at the bottom of the indoor unit main body 1 of the indoor unit a while passing through the inside of the heat exchanger 21 for both cold and heating. The hot air is deprived of heat while being exchanged with the indoor air sucked through the unit 13 and blown through the heat exchanger 21 so as to heat the indoor air, and the warmed indoor air is discharged from the upper part of the indoor unit main body 1. Back to the room through section 11 It is repeated in which the output equation for heating the room will be written.

After passing through the inside of the combined heat and heat exchanger 21, the heat is exchanged with the indoor air to deprive the hot heat, the liquefied saturated liquid is sent back to the receiver 74 of the outdoor unit (b), and then the receiver 74 The saturated liquid collected in the heat exchanger is heat-exchanged with the low-temperature and low-pressure gas which has been moved from the evaporators 61 and 62 while passing through the liquid preheater 75 and then sent to the evaporators 61 and 62 again. (Condenser) The low-temperature and low-pressure gas that is heat-exchanged and vaporized and moved while passing through the condenser 61 and 62 passes through the liquid preheater 75 again through the cold / heating switching four-way valve 73 and has a high evaporation pressure. It is sent to the furnace compressor 71 to repeat a series of heating cycles with continuous compression by the compressor (71).

At this time, the auxiliary evaporator (condenser) 62 is installed auxiliary to ensure that the heating action is smoother and more reliably during cold weather, when the evaporation pressure is low, the electronic valve (62a) is operated by the automatic control, the main evaporator (condenser) (61) By working together to increase the evaporation pressure can always maintain the proper evaporation pressure can be achieved even in cold weather without installing auxiliary heating means such as electric heater or fuel.

In addition, the waste heat recovery type air-conditioning combined cooling, heating, and ventilation according to the present invention (A) allows the indoor air to be freshly ventilated with fresh air without having to use the compressor 71 during the summer or winter seasons, so that the indoor atmosphere is pleasant. In this case, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the air supply blower 24a and the exhaust air are blown into the upper and lower spaces 2 and 3 of the indoor unit main body 1, respectively. At the same time as the blower (33a) is installed on the outer wall of the upper space (2), the indoor air suction damper (24) and the external air intake port (30) in communication with the inside of the upper space (2) and at the same time the lower space (3) In the outer wall, the indoor air inlet 33 and the indoor air exhaust 14 are installed to communicate with the inside of the lower space 3 so that only the indoor unit a is operated without the operation of the outdoor unit b according to various conditions to ventilate the room. May come true At this time, the exhaust blower (33a) for discharging the indoor air to the outside and the air supply blower (24a) for operating the external air proportional to each other to always keep the amount of the discharged, supplied air in an optimal state It becomes possible.

The ventilation operation state of the air conditioner A by this invention which consists of such a structure is demonstrated.

First, in the case of the recirculation method of the indoor air, as the air supply blower 24a is operated, the indoor air suction damper 24 is opened, and the indoor air is introduced into the upper space 2 of the indoor unit main body 1 so that the heat exchanger ( After passing through the heat exchanger 21, the air is blown back to the room through a discharge port 11 formed in various directions on the top of the indoor unit main body 1, and recycling to the indoor air is performed. At this time, the external air inlet 32a and the indoor air inlet 33 installed outside the indoor unit main body 1 are operated in an open state, and the indoor air intake damper 24 is closed.

In another case, in the case of the partial ventilation operation in which the indoor air is contaminated, the part of the indoor air that is contaminated is discharged to the outside and fresh air is introduced into the room by the amount of indoor air discharged. The contaminated indoor air flows into the lower space 3 through the indoor air inlet 33 and simultaneously controls the indoor air exhaust port 14 on the other side while the 24a) and the exhaust blower 33a of the lower space 3 are proportionally operated at the same time. As part of the fresh outside air and indoor air is discharged to the outside through the air supply fan 24a of the upper space 2, the fresh outside air is contaminated by the outside air inlet 32a. Inlet and mixed into the upper space (2) through the suction damper 24 and the mixed outside air and the indoor air is supplied to the room through the discharge port 11 of the upper part of the indoor unit main body 1 as it is. As a result, a part of the exhausted indoor air and some fresh external air and indoor air are supplied in a mixed state, so that partial ventilation of the indoor air can be achieved.

At this time, assuming that the air intake and discharge amount is 30% of the indoor air, for example, 30% of the contaminated indoor air discharged to the outside through the indoor air exhaust port 14 is discharged, and the remaining 70% of the indoor air is exhausted. The air flows into the upper space through the indoor air intake damper 24 and at the same time, 30% of fresh outside air is introduced into the upper space through the external air intake port 32a and mixed with the indoor air. Partial ventilation is repeatedly performed in such a way that it is supplied to the room through the discharge port 11.

In another case, all-outdoor ventilation, in which all of the indoor polluted air is exchanged for fresh outside air, is operated when the temperature of the outside air is lower than the temperature of the room. For example, the outside air temperature is 24 ° C. When the indoor temperature is to be maintained at 24 ° C. below, the exhaust air blower 33a installed in the lower space 3 operates so that 100% of the contaminated indoor air is transferred to the lower space 3 through the indoor air inlet 33. And the outside air is discharged to the outside through the indoor air exhaust port 14 on the other side, and at the same time, 100% of the external air passes through the external air intake port 32a by the operation of the air supply fan 24a of the upper space 2 ( 2) to be introduced into the room after the external air introduced through the discharge port 11, so that 100% of the external air is supplied to the room as it is natural air.

At this time, the indoor air suction damper 24 in communication with the upper space 2 is maintained in a closed state.

In this way, the air conditioner (A) according to the present invention, as well as partial ventilation for the indoor air can be replaced with fresh and cool outside air, so indirect to the indoor air without operating the compressor 71 of the outdoor unit (b) Phosphorus cooling may be enabled.

At this time, a sterilization filter 25 for purifying the indoor air and the external air supplied into the indoor unit main body 1 inside the indoor unit main body 1 in which the indoor air suction damper 24 and the external air suction port 32a are installed. 25 'are provided, respectively.

The sterilization filters 31, 25, 25 ′ applied to the air conditioner A for both cooling, heating, and ventilation of the present invention can purify the efficiency of purifying outside air or contaminated indoor air introduced into the indoor unit main body 1. It is comprised as a composite filter which consists of a general filtration filter and the direct current high voltage type ionizer which can sterilize and remove fine dust and bacteria so that it may increase.

As described above, although the present invention has been described with reference to the above embodiments, it is not necessarily limited thereto, and various modifications may be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention.

As apparent from the above description, according to the waste heat recovery type air-conditioning combined cooling, heating, and ventilation air conditioner of the present invention, the air conditioner for cooling, heating, and ventilation is formed by separating the indoor unit and the outdoor unit to be connected by a pipe line. By installing a heat exchanger for both cooling and heating, and installing a cooling and heating switching valve in the outdoor unit, the heat exchange is carried out by the refrigerant or the fruit supplied from the outdoor unit. In addition to being made selectively, the indoor air polluted at the same time as fresh external air is introduced into the room during the summer or winter season by a driving fan installed to be proportional to the inlet and discharge dampers respectively. Can be discharged to the outside without running the compressor. The evaporator (condenser), which is installed in the outdoor unit and substantially heat-exchanges to the refrigerant or the fruit, is formed in a plurality of units including an auxiliary evaporator (condenser) to keep the indoors cool. By providing the heating can be used to provide a useful effect, such as being able to use as a heating means having excellent heating efficiency even in winter without installing a separate auxiliary heat source therein with one air conditioner.

Claims (4)

In the air-conditioning (A) for both cold, heating and ventilation, which selectively enables cold and heating, The inside of the indoor unit main body 1 in which the discharge port 11 is formed on the upper side and the suction part 13 on the lower side is partitioned into upper and lower spaces 2 and 3 by the diaphragm 12, but the lower space ( 3) an air supply blower 32 is installed to be discharged into the upper space 2, and the expansion space 22 and the upper space 2 are configured to circulate cooling or heating gas selectively transported from the outdoor unit b. An indoor unit (a) provided with a heat exchanger (21) for cooling and heating having a distributor (23), The inside of the outdoor unit case 5 is partitioned into upper and lower spaces 6 and 7 by partition walls 51, and a main evaporator (condenser) 61 is provided in the upper space 6, and the lower space 7 ) Is connected to the main evaporator (condenser) 61 and the heat transfer line (8) compressor 71, oil separator 72, cooling, heating four-way valve 73, receiver 74, hot gas It becomes the outdoor unit b provided with the defrost electromagnetic valve 76 and the liquid preheater 75, A waste heat recovery type air-conditioning combined cooling, heating and ventilation, characterized in that the indoor unit (a) and the outdoor unit (b) by the heat transfer line (8). The external air intake port 32a of claim 1, wherein an air supply fan 24a is installed in the upper space 2 of the indoor unit main body 1, and the outer wall thereof is proportionally controlled by the air supply blower 24a so as to communicate with the inside thereof. ) And an indoor air suction damper 24, and an exhaust blower 33a is installed in the lower space 3 of the indoor unit main body 1, and the outer wall is proportional to the exhaust blower 33a so as to communicate with the inside thereof. Waste heat recovery type air-conditioning combined cooling, heating and ventilation, characterized in that each installed by operating the indoor air inlet (33) and the indoor air exhaust (14). The sterilizing filter (31) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the suction unit (13), the indoor air suction damper (24), the external air suction port (32a), and the indoor air suction port (33) of the indoor unit main body (1) are respectively installed. Waste heat recovery type air-conditioning combined cooling, heating and ventilation, characterized in that by installing (25) (25 '). The main evaporator (condenser) 61, the side of the main evaporator (condenser) having an electron valve (62a) is connected to the main evaporator (condenser) 61 to install the evaporation (condensation) capability of claim 1 A waste heat recovery type air-conditioning combined cooling, heating and ventilation, characterized in that to increase.