KR200276836Y1 - A device for measurring hydrogen induced cracking and corrosion using ultrasonic - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a harmful defect that exists in the hydrogen organic cracks and corrosion, material generated in the refinery of heat exchanger, pressure vessel, reactor, separation tower, storage tank, pipe, etc., equipment of power plant, water and sewage pipe, petrochemical plant In detecting, the ultrasonic transducer detects the shape and surface distance of the subject as an electrical signal using the displacement angle of the encoder and the displacement of the isosceles triangle axis, and uses an algorithm to unfold it on a plane. The actual size is reproduced on the screen as it is, and the ultrasonic signal for each transducer position is displayed on the plane as color images to display defects existing on the inside and the inside of the subject. Hydrogen organic crack and corrosion measuring device using ultrasonic wave that shows the shape and size of defects in three dimensions of side and cross section .

Description

Hydrogen organic crack and corrosion measuring device using ultrasonic wave {A DEVICE FOR MEASURRING HYDROGEN INDUCED CRACKING AND CORROSION USING ULTRASONIC}

The present invention generates ultrasonic waves on the outer surface of a subject such as various pressure vessels, reactors, and pipes, detects ultrasonic signals inputted by the reflected object, and detects the hydrogen organic cracks, corrosion, inclusions, etc. The present invention relates to a hydrogen organic crack and corrosion measuring apparatus using ultrasonic waves that measure, store, and record the shape and size of defects harmful to equipment such as lamination.

In general, devices used in processes used in oil refineries, petrochemical plants, power plants, water and sewage pipes and offshore structures, or for cooling, condensing, storing, extracting, reacting and transporting fluids and gases in the use environment, and in particular, , Pressure vessel, heat exchanger fuselage, separation tower, storage tank, reaction vessel and piping are the inspections that evaluate the safety by measuring the degree of cracking and corrosion on the device (inspection). Is inevitably done.

Such devices inevitably cause damage such as hydrogen organic cracking, corrosive cracking, or corrosion to the inside of a container or a metal body by harmful substances (hydrogen sulfide, sulfur, acid, etc.) due to fluids, gases, corrosive substances, or reactions. Failure to detect such damage prematurely can result in fire and explosion or environmental pollution, or external leakage of hazardous substances due to destruction or leakage, resulting in material or economic loss due to social safety threats and equipment shutdowns.

Therefore, companies with high temperature, high pressure and hazardous substance handling devices as described above define various expected damages and carry out inspections and inspections on a regular basis to strictly evaluate the use and safety of continuous use by correcting them if necessary. As a result, the inspection apparatus and technology are indispensable.

However, most inspection devices are often impossible to access the inside of the subject during operation, and the large diameter (1-8m) of the steel sheet is as small as 20mm to 400mm in general, non-destructive testing method of radiographic test It is impossible to shoot and the application is more difficult because the equipment is fixed on site.

In addition, the penetration test or magnetic particle test cannot be applied since the main damage of the inspection equipment occurs early on the inner surface of the container or the contents inside the steel plate.

Ultrasonic testing, which is the only conventional method, has the advantage of inspecting the inside and the inside if it is accessible from only one side, but it has to rely solely on manual work, and automatic recording is impossible, making it difficult to detect and evaluate harmful defects. to be.

In other words, the ultrasonic manual examination has no permanent record, it is not only the degree of displaying the result only in one-dimensional geometry, but also greatly influenced by the skill and skill of the examiner. The problem is that the quantitative measurement of height and length is difficult and the measurement error is large.

Therefore, to solve this problem internationally, inspection equipment manufacturers are selling automatic or semi-automated ultrasonic equipment that complements this problem. The dimensional simple display method is adopted, and the scanner also uses an automatic method, which is expensive and limited use is inevitable due to the influence of space or surrounding objects in the field application. In the case of spherical or three-dimensional curved surface, a lot of error occurs.

For example, in the UK, AEA manufactures a supersonic image processing device and markets it internationally.However, when it is applied to a geometric shape such as a complicated structure, an elbow, a spherical tank, the actual inspection position and the position recognized by the device Depending on the curvature and the gradient of the can cause a significant error. This is because the position sensor method cannot recognize the height of the subject's surface by the one-point fixed infrared method.

That is, it is suitable for a large diameter or flat plate having a small gradient, but when applied to a small diameter pipe or a small diameter object, a large error occurs. In addition, since the infrared camera should be installed at a position where the subject can be seen, the installation space is limited, and there is a disadvantage in that infrared rays are not recognized during the day.

In particular, in the over head position, the operator's hand must enter to hold and move the transducer between the sensor and the transducer, and as a result, inspection in the upper position is not possible because it prevents infrared communication.

That is, there is a disadvantage in that the flaw detection in the above position from the bottom of the fixing device. In addition, since the infrared camera should be installed on the subject and the installed camera should be located at the center of the subject, it is necessary to secure an installation space and a tool such as an auxiliary rod.

In addition, the vibration of the subject may not be able to recognize the position due to vibration or shaking because the camera and the sensor are not integrated.

The present invention has been devised to solve the above problems, the object of the present invention is in the refining of heat exchangers, pressure vessels, reactors, separation towers, storage tanks, piping, oil refineries, power plants, water pipes, petrochemical plants In detecting hydrogen organic cracks, corrosion, and harmful defects present in the material, the ultrasonic transducer is used to determine the shape and surface distance of the subject using the displacement angle of the encoder and the displacement of the isosceles triangle axis. Using the algorithm to detect and spread it back to the plane, the actual size of the subject is reproduced on the screen as it is, and the ultrasonic signals of each transducer position are present on the inside and the inside of the subject as color images on the plane. The defects can be displayed, and the shape and size of the defects can be measured by representing the inspected object in three dimensions of plane, side, and cross section. Using ultrasound to to provide a hydrogen-induced crack and corrosion-measuring device.

The present invention for achieving the above object is a main body, a first shaft connected to the upper portion of the main body, a second shaft connected to the other end of the first shaft, and a connecting portion connected to the other end of the second shaft, A moving part connected to the other end of the connecting part, an ultrasonic wave generating part connected to the other end of the moving part and generating a ultrasonic wave therein; a magnet holder fixed to the side of the main body and having a permanent magnet; Curved pipes, such as elbows, pipe-shaped cylinders, including first, second, and third encoders installed on the hinge shafts inside the main body, the first case, and the second case, respectively, for detecting positions of the first and second axes. Ultrasonic scanner for measuring the degree of internal cracks and corrosion of the subject such as the spherical surface or the flat plate, such as the head of the pressure vessel using an external ultrasonic wave; Signal processing means for receiving the crack and corrosion data measured by the ultrasound scanner and the position data of the place measured by the ultrasound scanner and converting the digital signal into a digital signal; And receiving and outputting the signal output from the signal processing means to measure and calculate the degree of corrosion and cracking of the subject by a predetermined program, and to evaluate the safety of the subject according to the result and to display it in a predetermined form. Output means for storing these results at the same time; Has the features, including.

1 is a block diagram of a hydrogen organic crack and corrosion measurement apparatus using ultrasonic waves according to the present invention,

2 is a perspective view of the ultrasound scanner according to the present invention,

3 is a side configuration view of the ultrasound scanner according to the present invention,

4 is a detailed configuration diagram of the ultrasonic generator of the ultrasonic scanner according to the present invention;

5 is a control circuit block diagram of the hydrogen organic crack and corrosion measurement apparatus using ultrasonic waves according to the present invention,

6 is a screen showing the results of the ultrasonic image processing according to the present invention,

7A is a schematic diagram for explaining coordinate transformation into a plane when a subject under test is a cylindrical cylinder according to the present invention;

FIG. 7B is a schematic diagram showing an end-effect when using three encoders according to the present invention for explaining FIG. 7A.

8A is a schematic diagram for explaining coordinate transformation into a plane when a subject under test is a curved tube according to the present invention;

FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view illustrating C0, P7, P8, and P9 of FIG. 8A.

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

100: ultrasonic scanner 200: signal processing means

300: output means 104: first encoder

107: second encoder 111: third encoder

108: first axis 113: second axis

120: ultrasonic generator 140: transducer

130: magnet holder 210: ultrasonic generator

220: ultrasonic input unit 230,250: A / D conversion unit

240: ultrasonic signal processor 260: encoder signal processor

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a block diagram of a hydrogen organic crack and corrosion measurement system using ultrasonic waves according to the present invention.

As shown, the hydrogen organic crack and corrosion measurement system according to the present invention is an isosceles triangle configuration, pipe-shaped cylinders, elbows such as elbow (curve tube), pressure vessel head, such as spherical or flat body ( Ultrasound scanner 100 for measuring the internal crack or corrosion degree of M) from the outside using ultrasonic waves, crack and corrosion data measured by the ultrasound scanner 100, and the place measured by the ultrasound scanner 100 The signal processing means 200 for receiving the position data of the input signal, converting the digital signal into the digital signal, and receiving the signal output from the signal processing means 200; And an output means 300 for performing evaluation of the degree and its safety and displaying the same, and at the same time storing these results.

The output means 300 is preferably a personal computer (hereinafter referred to as a 'PC'), a notebook computer, or a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant).

The configuration of the ultrasound scanner 100 will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.

The ultrasound scanner 100 includes a main body 101, a first shaft 108 connected to an upper portion of the main body 101, and a second shaft 113 connected to the other end of the first shaft 108. ), A connecting part 115 connected to the other end of the second shaft 113, a moving part 118 connected to the other end of the connecting part 115, and connected to the other end of the moving part 118 and inside Ultrasonic generator 120 is provided with a transducer 140 for generating an ultrasonic wave, a magnet holder 130 fixed to the side of the main body 101, the permanent magnet is built-in, the main body 101, the first First, second and third encoders 104 installed on the hinge shafts inside the case 105 and the second case 109 to sense the positions of the first shaft 108 and the second shaft 113, respectively. 107, 111 is configured.

More specifically, the main body 101 has a rectangular shape, the hinge shaft 102 of the inside is connected through the first case 105 and the bearing 103, the first around the hinge shaft 102 The case 105 may rotate left and right, and a first encoder 104 is installed around the hinge shaft 102 to rotate the hinge shaft 102, that is, the left and right sides of the first shaft 108 connected thereto. The rotation angle is detected.

The hinge shaft 106 is coupled to the outer both sides of the first case 105 by a c-shaped connector 133 formed at one side of the first shaft 108, and the inner hinge of the first case 105. A second encoder 107 is installed around the shaft 106 to detect the vertical movement angle of the first shaft 108.

In addition, a quadrangular second case 109 is formed at the other end of the first shaft 108, and a c-shaped connector formed at one side of the second shaft 113 on both outer sides of the second case 109. Hinge shaft 110 is coupled through the 112, and the third encoder 111 is installed around the inner hinge shaft 110 of the second case 109, the upper and lower sides of the second shaft 113 The moving angle is detected.

An insertion groove 114 is formed at the other end of the second shaft 113, and an insertion hole 116 of the connection portion 115 is inserted and fixed in the insertion groove 114, and a bearing 117 inside the connection portion 115. The connecting portion 115 is rotatable left and right about the second shaft 113 by the structure.

The other end of the connecting portion 115 is coupled to one end of the moving part 118 and the hinge 119, the other end of the moving part 118 is connected through the ultrasonic generator 120 and the bearing 121, the movement The part 118 is movable up and down with the connection part 115.

One end of the ultrasonic wave generator 120 is connected to the moving part 118 and the bearing 121 structure so as to be rotatable about the moving part 118, and a protective cover 122 outside. Is formed and the transducer 140 for generating an ultrasonic wave is installed therein. In addition, by forming a hollow 123 on both sides of the protective cover 122 of the ultrasonic generator 120, the probe 140 and the signal processing cable can be connected.

In addition, as shown in Figure 4 in the center of the front end portion 124 of the ultrasonic generator 120, the ultrasonic wave output from the probe 140 is emitted and the cross-shaped around the hole 125 The groove 126 is formed to increase the contact force in the spherical surface, the cylinder and the flat plate (M), and the contact medium (water, oil, glycerin, etc.), which is the ultrasonic transfer medium, flows well into the gap.

A permanent magnet is installed inside the magnet holder 130 fixed to the side of the main body 101, and a knob 131 is installed on the outside of the magnet holder 130. The knob 131 serves to mechanically block or release the magnetic force of the permanent magnet, and the structure of the detailed mechanism is well known and is not described in detail herein.

Accordingly, the bottom surface of the magnet holder 130 is in contact with or dropped from the surface of the subject M according to the manipulation of the knob 131.

In addition, the upper portion of the magnet holder 130 has a U-shaped mounting portion 134 is formed in the center of the U-shaped mounting portion 134 is fixed, the zero point which is the initial state during the measurement operation of the ultrasound scanner 100 For adjustment (initialization) to form a structure in which the rear end of the ultrasonic generator 120 is inserted.

Reference numeral C is a cable.

The ultrasonic scanner 100 configured as described above is made of aluminum to reduce weight, prevent rust, and to prevent warping. The first and second shafts 108 and 113 have an H-beam structure and a cylindrical shape, respectively. It is configured in the form of pipe to have sufficient strength and to prevent deformation.

First, second and third encoders 104 and 107 formed between the main body 101, the main body 101 and the first axis 108, and the first axis 108 and the second axis 113. (111) measures the displacement displacement of the first axis 108 and the second axis 113, the number of displacement recognition is 2048, one rotation angle has an angle accuracy of 0.175 °.

The material of the ultrasonic generator 120 is made of stainless steel having high abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance, and the outer surface of the ultrasonic generator 120 is formed by infusing the user so that it does not slip when the user picks it up with a finger.

In addition, the ultrasound scanner 100 has a measuring range from 100 mm to 300 mm in radius from the main body 101 when the first axis 108 and the second axis 113 are fully extended. In the case of pipes, curved pipes, pipes of 150 mm or more, spherical surfaces of 150 mm or more, flat plates, etc., or smaller specimens (M), the test surface is divided into small pieces, and the test pieces are collected and synthesized in one plane by software. Can be displayed.

5 is a control circuit block diagram of the hydrogen organic crack and corrosion measurement apparatus using ultrasonic waves according to the present invention.

As shown, the reference numeral 100 denotes a circuit block of the ultrasonic scanner, the probe 140 for emitting ultrasonic waves to a subject M at a constant frequency for crack or corrosion measurement, and the ultrasonic scanner 100 of the ultrasonic scanner 100. It consists of the encoder 150 which detects a measurement position, ie, the measurement position of the subject M from the 1st encoder 104, the 2nd encoder 107, and the 3rd encoder 111 by position displacement.

Symbol 200 is a signal processing means, by applying an ultrasonic pulse signal to the transducer 210, the ultrasonic generator 210 for controlling the transducer 210 to generate ultrasonic waves, and the ultrasonic wave emitted from the transducer 140 The ultrasonic input unit 220 which receives the ultrasonic detection signal (corrosion or crack data) reflected back from the subject M and the analog type ultrasonic detection signal input from the ultrasonic input unit 220 as digital signals. A / D converter 230 for converting and the measurement data input from the A / D converter 230 is signal processed and transmitted to the output means 300, and at the same time ultrasonic generation pulse to the ultrasonic generator 210 Ultrasonic signal processing unit 240 for controlling the output and the analog output signal of each of the first, second and third encoders 104, 107, 111 input from the encoder 150 to digital conversion A / D conversion unit 250 , By treating the A / D signal the displacement data received from the converter 250 is composed of an encoder signal processing unit 260 for outputting to the output means 300.

The reference symbol 300 is an output means, and using the ultrasonic data and the position data input from the ultrasonic signal processor 240 and the encoder signal processor 260 of the signal processor 200, the corrosion of the current subject M and Calculate the degree of cracking, and at the same time calculate and determine the safety of the subject (M), the main body 310 for outputting and storing these results in real time, and the current body by the output of the main body 310 The display unit 320 displays the corrosion and cracking degree of the specimen M in a predetermined form, and inputs a predetermined key value into the main body unit 310 and the display unit 320 for displaying the safety state of the subject in a predetermined form. The keyboard 330 is provided.

The device designed as described above is a pressure vessel, various drums, a heat exchanger shell, a separation tower, a storage tank, a reaction vessel in an industrial site. (M) by simply fixing the ultrasound scanner 100 by using a magnetic chuck on the surface of reactors, process pipe lines, and the like. From the ultrasonic signal and the displacement of the X, Y, Z axis encoder 150 mounted on the isosceles triangle shaped ultrasound scanner 100 is converted into an electrical signal via the signal processing means 200 to the output means 300 Is entered.

At this time, the signals are displayed on the monitor 320 of the output means 300 as shown in Fig. 6, wherein the display method is three types of flaw detection plan 802, flaw cross section 806, flaw detection side view 805 Is expressed.

When the inspection is completed, the defect distribution and connectivity of the cross section and side surfaces of the entire inspection area are moved to the actual size while moving the cursors 809 and 810 on the X axis (length direction) and Y axis (axial direction) on the screen freely. The ruler 803 is comprised so that confirmation is possible.

In each cross section, the most severe damage is selected so that the length 811 in the axial cross section of the defect and the cross section thickness 812 occupied by the defect and the defect length 813 in the side portion (orthogonal to the shaft) and the defect occupy Obtain the thickness of the cross section (814) and use it to determine the defect size according to the standard of defects prescribed by international associations (American Materials Association, Japan Cost Contact Association, etc.) or national standards (ANSI, British Standards, etc.). After conforming, the defects will be evaluated according to the specification.

On the other hand, the device of the present invention is to divide the inspection surface, such as measurable pipe, curved tube, spherical surface, flat plate into small pieces, and then to combine them and display them by synthesizing them on one plane by software. In order to automatically recognize the curvature and the gradient of M), the shape recognition of the cylindrical object M such as a pipe is calculated by reading 6 points of the object to be inspected, and 9 points of elbows such as elbows. 4, spherical surfaces such as towers, heat exchangers, and pressure vessel heads are read at 4 points, and flat plates are read at 3 points.

Shape recognition and calculation of the subject (M) using the measurement point is obtained by inputting each point into a predetermined program, the details of which are calculated by a program using an algorithm described later, and when the final result is derived, it is shown on a plane. do.

(1) Coordinate transformation into a plane when the inspection target is a sphere

When three points P1 (x1, y1) P2 (x2, y2) P3 (x3, y3)

at x2 + y2 + Ax + By + C = 0,

center : radius:

(2) Coordinate transformation to plane (conversion of cylinder surface to X-Y plane coordinate) when the inspection target is a cylinder

(Assuming) As shown in Fig. 7A, P1, P2, P3 and P4, P5, P6 are on the same plane.

(A) Overview of Conversion Order

① Input point coordinates in order from P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6.

② Find the center C1 using P1, P2, and P3.

③ Find the center C2 using P4, P5, and P6.

④ Find the equation of the straight line using C1, C2, and find the conversion equation that converts the center C1 and P3 into the cylindrical coordinate system.

⑤ Convert arbitrary measurement coordinates to cylindrical coordinate system based on the conversion formula.

⑥ Convert to the X-Y plane coordinate system based on the converted cylindrical coordinate system.

(B) Equation and derivation process necessary for the actual conversion

① There are three encoders in the measuring instrument, and the method of converting them to the rectangular coordinate system of the measuring instrument is as follows (see Fig. 7b).

② To obtain C1 and C2 using (A) -② and (A) -③

㉮ First, find the equation of the plane passing through P1, P2, and P3. Here it is a circle. Pass three points P1 (x ₁ , y ₁ , z ₁ ), P2 (x ₂ , y ₂ , z ₂ ), P3 (x ₃ , y ₃ , z ₃ ) and the center is C1 (x ₀ , y ₀ , z Find the equation of a circle, ₀ ).

The center C1 can be obtained by the above three equations.

Center C2 (x ₇ , y ₇ , z ₇ ) through the remaining P4 (x ₄ , y ₄ , z ₄ ), P5 (x ₅ , y ₅ , z ₅ ), P6 (x ₆ , y ₆ , z ₆ ) Also available.

Through this process, the equation of a circle centered on C1 and C2 is obtained.

Convert to the coordinate system of the plane which consists of P1, P2, P3.

Convert to (x, y, 0). This means projection to the x and y planes. Therefore, it means that x * = x, y * = y, z * = 0, so the transformation matrix representing this is as follows.

Find the transformed plane on the xy plane by the matrix transformation above.

C Convert C1 and C2 obtained by the above method back to the original coordinate system to obtain final C1 and C2. That is, when the cylindrical coordinate system (rθz coordinate system) is represented by a rectangular coordinate system (xy plane coordinate system), x = z and y = rθa. Therefore, we can find the plane projected on the xy plane.

(3) Coordinate transformation into plane when the inspection object is a curved pipe

(Convert the surface of the curve to X-Y plane coordinates)

(Assuming) As in FIG. 8A, P1, P2, P3 and P4, P5, P6 and P7, P8 and P9 are on the same plane.

(A) Conversion order

① Input point coordinates to P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7, P8, P9 in order.

② Convert into a coordinate system of a plane consisting of P1, P2, and P3.

Convert to (x, y, 0).

The transformation refers to the transformation into the x and y planes. In the plane coordinate system consisting of P1, P2, and P3, the transformation is performed to transform the matrix into an xyz rectangular coordinate system centering on C0 through parallel and rotational movements. Finding the z-value by finding the center coordinates of each plane of P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7, P8, and P9 is to find out if these planes exist on one plane. If it is said to be in one plane through a series of processes, it can be obtained that the coordinate conversion to the plane by the geometric calculation as shown in FIG.

First of all, in order to convert the coordinate system of the measuring machine to the xyz coordinate system where C0 is the center, the coordinate system of the measuring machine is parallel and rotated to match the coordinate system.

The next matrix is a matrix transformation in which P2 (x ₂ , y ₂ , z ₂ ) is moved in parallel in the x, y, z directions by J, K, and L to coincide with the center C0.

In order to match the transformed coordinate system to the xyz Cartesian coordinate system where C0 is the center, it is necessary to rotate and move α along the y axis by the following matrix transformation.

x ^* = xcosα + zsinα

y ^* = y

z ^* = -xsinα + zcosα

Since it is matrix transformation

to be.

Therefore, the conversion formula of P2 centered on C0 and converted to the xyz rectangular coordinate system is as follows.

③ Find the center C1 using P1, P2, and P3, and find the x and y of C1 by the following method.

That is, it passes three points P1 (x ₁ , y ₁ , z ₁ ), P2 (x ₂ , y ₂ , z ₂ ), P3 (x ₃ , y ₃ , z ₃ ) and the center is C1 (x ₀ , y ₀ , z ₀ )

By solving the above three equations, we can find the center C1.

In the same way, the center C2 (x ₁₀ , y ₁₀ , z passing through P4 (x ₄ , y ₄ , z ₄ ), P5 (x ₅ , y ₅ , z ₅ ), P6 (x ₆ , y ₆ , z ₆ ) ₁₀ ) and center C3 (x ₁₁ ) through P7 (x ₇ , y ₇ , z ₇ ), P8 (x ₈ , y ₈ , z ₈ ), P9 (x ₉ , y ₉ , z ₉ ) in the same way. , y ₁₁ , z ₁₁ ).

Through this process, the equation of circle with centers of C1, C2, C3 is obtained. The x and y coordinates of C1, C2, and C3 thus obtained can be obtained.

④ Calculate the z component of the center C by reversing the above ② and show that C0, C1, C2, and C3 are on one plane. To prove this, the z component is found.

Since x and y components are known in (3) above, the z component can be known from the matrix transformation equation.

Here you can see that it is bent on a certain plane by the z component, and you can apply the following equation ⑤ to see that it is in one plane.

⑤ Find the relation that transforms into the xyz rectangular coordinate system passing C1, C2, C3 and the center is C0. In FIG. 8B That

To express what is projected on the x, y plane It can be represented by the x, y plane.

As a result, the device of the present invention observes the ultrasonic reflection signal in the state of the inside of the subject M and the back of the subject M from the front end portion 124 of the ultrasonic generator 140 to corrode the subject M. Understand the situation, thickness reduction, and the presence of internal defects.

In the present invention, the ultrasonic analog signal is designated in a specific range, and the analog signal coming into the gate is converted into digital and stored in real time through software through a software, and matched to the color palette according to the thickness as shown in FIG. Since it is shown on the monitor 320, so as to see the thickness range and distribution, the size of the defects only look at the color.

That is, an apparatus for evaluating the state of the subject M by using the color image of the thickness change of the subject M, the defect length, the depth, the area (size) on the plane, and the shape of the back surface in real time. to be. At this time, the positioning of the ultrasonic scanner 100 receives three encoder electrical signals, converts them into distances, stores the ultrasonic thickness values of the specific points together with the position values of X, Y, and Z and displays them on one plane.

In addition, as shown in Fig. 6, the horizontal and vertical cursors 809 and 810 are placed on the plan view 802 of the image, so that the minimum thickness value, the maximum thickness value, the position 804 and the side view of the cursor position. 805 and cross-section 806 appear in real time according to the movement of the cursor so that the evaluator can easily identify the shape of the corrosion, the size of the crack, the interconnection, and the depth distribution according to the movement of the cursor when the defect is evaluated after the inspection. To help.

This is to find the maximum damage area in the examined area and to determine the defect dimensions to be used in the calculation of the material mechanics and the fracture safety.

In addition, by calculating the occupancy ratio of each defect thickness in the result of the image processing, it is shown as the area (80 ') so that the defect growth and the area change of the same part over time can be compared with the previous inspection result. Changes over time can be monitored.

When printing and using the ruler 803 attached to the cross section and side view of the image processing, it is possible to know the depth of the defect and the distance and length of the distribution surface and the inner surface without using a separate ruler.

As described above, the present invention allows to evaluate the safety of the device by examining and measuring the secular changes and damages such as hydrogen organic cracks and corrosion conditions generated in the equipment industrial facilities such as petrochemical plants, steelworks, and power plants. The device consists of a large thickness measurement value (90,000 in the horizontal X 150mm range) and position data (270,000) that cannot be displayed or recorded by conventional methods or other inspection methods. (0.5 × 0.5 mm) Thickness measurement value of the measurement pointer and their measurement position values are digitized and displayed in real time as visible images in plane, side, and cross-sectional views on a flat image as a color image. Not only quantitatively measures the location, size, depth, etc. The.

In addition, the present invention is to predict the service life and rupture of the equipment by measuring the measurement accuracy, permanent record storage, shortened inspection time, and safety of use based on the engineering basis of damage using the image processing result, which are difficult to display by the conventional inspection method. It can prevent accidents such as water leakage, explosion and environmental pollution.

In addition, since only one side can be approached and the inside and back shapes can be viewed as a three-dimensional precision image, detailed information such as the size, shape, and depth of metal defects and corrosion damage on the inside and back can be seen. It can be used for application to the inspection part.

The present invention is a disadvantage of the conventional infrared camera communication method, the excessive space of the installation space, the cumbersome installation, the inspection of the above, impossible to recognize the position due to vibration, difficult to use in an environment where infrared communication is difficult (day) Low space mechanical encoder with 3 axes 6 degrees of freedom eliminating shortcomings, etc. Smart (within 250mm height) structure and aluminum lightweight structure that can be detached with one-touch permanent magnet. Permanent use is possible by preventing abrasion, and there is an advantage that the supply of contact medium is also smoothed by processing a cross groove in the lower part of the guard to increase the contact force of the ultrasonic sensor in the pipe or spherical surface.

Above all, this design uses the 3-axis recognition scanner to detect the severe measurement errors that occur when measuring non-flat parts such as curved pipes, pipes, and spheres of existing products. Minimized development and measurement error on the plane by using mathematical surface and curvature correction algorithm, the error of ultrasonic image processing result can be within max. + 1.5mm, which makes it possible to quantitatively and precisely evaluate defects using image results. . This increases the reliability of the safety assessment, which directly calculates the size of the defects obtained from the images, and is an important engineering basis for determining continuous use, reinforcement, and renewal of equipment.

Claims (16)

A main body 101, a first shaft 108 connected to an upper portion of the main body 101, a second shaft 113 connected to the other end of the first shaft 108, and the second shaft 113. Connecting portion 115 connected to the other end of the), the moving part 118 connected to the other end of the connecting portion 115, the probe 140 is connected to the other end of the moving part 118 and generates an ultrasonic wave therein The ultrasonic generator 120 is installed, the magnet holder 130 is fixed to the side of the main body 101, the permanent magnet is built-in, the main body 101, the first case 105 and the second case ( 109 and the first, second and third encoders 104, 107 and 111 respectively installed on the hinge shafts for sensing the positions of the first shaft 108 and the second shaft 113. Ultrasonic scanner 100 for measuring the internal cracks or corrosion of the subject (M), such as a pipe-like cylinder, a curved tube such as elbows, a spherical surface such as a head of a pressure vessel or a flat plate, etc. using ultrasonic waves from the outside; Signal processing means (200) for receiving the crack and corrosion data measured by the ultrasound scanner (100) and the position data of the place measured by the ultrasound scanner (100) and converting the digital signal into a digital signal; And The signal output from the signal processing means 200 is input to measure and calculate the degree of corrosion and cracking of the subject M by a predetermined program, and the evaluation of the safety of the subject according to the result is performed to determine the predetermined value. Output means 300 for displaying in the form of and storing these results at the same time; Hydrogen organic crack and corrosion measurement station using ultrasonic waves, characterized in that it comprises a. The method of claim 1, The main body 101 of the ultrasonic scanner 100 is connected through a bearing 103 to allow left and right rotation about the first case 105 and the hinge shaft 102 therein, and the hinge shaft 102 Hydrogen organic crack and corrosion measurement apparatus using ultrasonic waves, characterized in that the first encoder 104 is installed to detect the left and right rotation angle of the first shaft (108). The method of claim 1, The first shaft 108 of the ultrasonic scanner 100 is a U-shaped connector 133 formed on one side is coupled to the hinge shaft 106 through the outer both sides of the first case 105, the other side is a quadrilateral An upper second case 109 is formed, and a second encoder 107 is installed around the inner hinge axis 106 of the first case 105 to detect a vertical movement angle of the first axis 108. Hydrogen organic crack and corrosion measurement apparatus using ultrasonic waves, characterized in that configured to. The method of claim 1, The second shaft 113 of the ultrasonic scanner 100 is a U-shaped connector 112 formed on one side is coupled to the hinge shaft 110 through the outer both sides of the second case 109, the second shaft An insertion groove 114 is formed at the other end of the 113, and a third encoder 111 is installed around the inner hinge shaft 110 of the second case 109 so that the upper and lower sides of the second shaft 113 are disposed. Hydrogen organic crack and corrosion measurement apparatus using ultrasonic waves, characterized in that configured to detect the moving angle. The method of claim 1, The connection part 115 of the ultrasonic scanner 100 has an insertion hole 116 formed at one side thereof and is fixedly inserted into the insertion groove 114 of the second shaft 113, and the other side thereof has one end and a hinge 119. And coupled to, by the structure of the bearing 117 inside the connecting portion 115, the connecting portion 115 is hydrogen organic crack using ultrasonic waves, characterized in that configured to rotate left and right about the second axis 113 and Corrosion measuring device. The method of claim 1, The moving part 118 of the ultrasonic scanner 100 is one side of the U-shape is coupled to one end and the hinge 119 of the moving part 118, the other end is connected through the ultrasonic generator 120 and the bearing 121. Hydrogen organic crack and corrosion measurement apparatus using ultrasonic waves, characterized in that installed so as to be able to move up and down around the connection portion 115. The method of claim 1, One end of the ultrasonic generator 120 of the ultrasonic scanner 100 is connected through the structure of the moving part 118 and the bearing 121, and is connected to the moving part 118 so as to be rotatable. A protective cover 122 is formed therein and a transducer 140 for generating ultrasonic waves is installed therein, and hydrogen organic cracks using ultrasonic waves, characterized in that hollows 123 are formed on both sides of the protective cover 122. Corrosion measuring device. The method of claim 7, wherein In the distal end portion 124 of the ultrasonic generator 120 is formed a hole 125 and the cross-shaped groove portion 126 is formed around the hole 125, the ultrasonic wave is output from the transducer 140 in the center Hydrogen organic crack and corrosion measurement apparatus using an ultrasonic wave. The method of claim 1, A permanent magnet is installed inside the magnet holder 130 of the ultrasonic scanner 100, and a knob 131 is provided on the outside of the magnet holder 130 to mechanically block or release the magnetic force of the permanent magnet. Hydrogen organic crack and corrosion measuring apparatus using ultrasonic waves, characterized in that. The method of claim 9, Hydrogen organic crack and corrosion measurement apparatus using ultrasonic waves, characterized in that the U-shaped seating portion 134 has a U-shaped mounting portion 134 is fixed to the upper portion of the magnet holder 130 is fixed. The method of claim 1, The ultrasonic scanner 100 includes a probe 140 for launching the ultrasonic wave to the subject (M) at a constant frequency for crack or corrosion measurement; And An encoder 150 for detecting the measurement position of the subject M from the first encoder 104, the second encoder 107, and the third encoder 111 as position displacement; Hydrogen organic crack and corrosion measuring apparatus using ultrasonic waves, characterized in that it comprises a. The method of claim 1, The signal processing means 200 includes an ultrasonic wave generator 210 for controlling the transducer 210 to generate ultrasonic waves by applying an ultrasonic pulse signal to the transducer 210; An ultrasonic input unit 220 which receives ultrasonic waves emitted from the probe 140 and receives ultrasonic detection signals (corrosion or crack data) which are reflected back from the subject M; An A / D converter 230 for converting an analog type ultrasonic detection signal input from the ultrasonic input unit 220 into a digital signal; Ultrasonic signal processing unit 240 for controlling the signal output from the A / D conversion unit 230 to transmit the signal to the output means 300, and at the same time output the ultrasonic wave generation to the ultrasonic generator 210; An A / D converter 250 for converting analog output signals of each of the first, second and third encoders 104, 107 and 111 inputted from the encoder 150 into digital; And An encoder signal processor 260 for signal-processing the displacement data input from the A / D converter 250 and outputting the signal to the output unit 300; Hydrogen organic crack and corrosion measurement apparatus using ultrasonic waves, characterized in that consisting of. The method of claim 1, The output means 300 is a hydrogen-organic crack and corrosion measuring apparatus using ultrasonic waves, characterized in that a personal computer, a notebook or a PDA. The method according to claim 1 or 13, The output means 300 uses the ultrasonic data and the position data input from the ultrasonic signal processing unit 240 and the encoder signal processing unit 260 of the signal processing unit 200, and the degree of corrosion and cracking of the current subject M. A main body 310 which calculates and simultaneously calculates and determines the safety of the subject M, and outputs and stores these results in real time; A display unit 320 for displaying the degree of corrosion and cracking of the current subject M in a predetermined form according to the output of the main body 310 and displaying the presence or absence of safety of the subject in a predetermined form; And A keyboard 330 for inputting a predetermined key value to the main body 310; Hydrogen organic crack and corrosion measurement apparatus using ultrasonic waves, characterized in that consisting of. The method of claim 1, Hydrogen organic crack and corrosion measurement apparatus using ultrasonic waves, characterized in that the monitor planar view 802, the flaw detection section 806 and the flaw detection side view 805 is displayed on the monitor 320 of the output means (300). The method of claim 15, When the inspection of the subject is completed, the monitor 320 freely moves the cursors 809 and 810 of the X-axis (length direction) and Y-axis (axial direction) on the screen to freely cross-section and side surfaces of the entire inspection portion. Hydrogen organic crack and corrosion measuring apparatus using ultrasonic waves, characterized in that the ruler (803) is further included so that the defect distribution and connectivity can be confirmed in the actual size.