KR200268809Y1 - Electric Heating Device for Switch Points - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a tungsten snow melting apparatus for a train that can remove snow and ice on railroad tracks by automatically heating rails according to weather conditions. The tongue rail snow melting device is an electric heater connected to an automatic control unit mounted on a railroad, a rail temperature sensor attached to a fixed rail, an eye sensor for detecting snow existing between the tongue rail and the fixed rail, and a sensor for detecting ambient climate temperature. It includes a climate sensor and a sensor that detects the position of the tongue rail. The heating device is automatically controlled by a program or manually by a portable controller that can be attached to a central dispatch point or control unit on a communication channel. Portable controllers can be used to set automatic control conditions or to analyze information about the status of various sensors and heating elements. Accordingly, energy consumption required for driving the snow melting apparatus can be significantly reduced.

Description

Electric heating device for switch points

The present invention relates to a snow melting apparatus for a switchboard (point) of the branch for converting the railway line, and more particularly, to a snow melting apparatus having a heating device including a thermoelectric heater and a temperature sensor.

Since a train or a vehicle runs in a state where it cannot leave the track, in order to change the position from one track to the other track, the track itself that determines the driving direction of the train or the vehicle, rather than using a vehicle body switching function, is used. Will change. Therefore, there is a need for a diverter or diverter to orient the track at the intersection of the track and the track.

Such a track tapper has a facing taping and a traversing taping based on a direction when the train passes through the tapping, and the tapping tapping machine has an advantage of increasing safety in operation. The most commonly used branching machine for which the branching machine most commonly used as an orientation branching branch branches the track from side to side is the most common one. Currently, most of the railway stations are equipped with this common branch, and its configuration consists of three parts: points, crossings and leads.

1 is a view schematically showing the above-mentioned conventional tap-off.

Referring to FIG. 1, the conventional tap-changer 90 includes a train point 10 for moving a vehicle on a railroad track, a lead 20 and a train for guiding a wheel whose direction is changed by the train to a curved portion. The left and right wheels of the cross section 30 is to be completely branched.

The train 10 is a mechanical device installed in the place where two tracks meet in order to move a vehicle or a train to another track in the railroad, the high-tech track that is movable to the left and right to change the course of the train at the junction of the track is mounted By adjusting the advanced tracks by the train, the trajectory of the train is corrected. The train running is guided to the curved portion of the track through the lead part 20 by changing the direction of the train, and then the left and right wheels of the train completely branch through the crossing part 30 so as to stably fix the track. .

At this time, since the train 10 is a crossing point of two lines, the performance of the train must be perfect and the structure is solid in order for the train or vehicle to move safely. If an error occurs in the train 10, it may be a risk of derailment or overturning of the train, so it is emphasized to check the functional state from time to time.

On the other hand, the train is equipped with its own heating device in case the temperature falls. In a simple case, the electric heating device includes a control unit and an insulation control unit for supplying power to the heater (e.g. Ye. V., Pirin V. I Removal of ice and snow from the pointwork by means). M. 'Transport', p. 1973, 26) In this case, the insulation control unit (ICU) turns off the heater when the insulation of the heating circuit is reduced and a leakage current occurs in the rail circuit.

The conventional power supply control unit for controlling the power supply to the electric heater is generally known as a manually operated contactor stater, which consumes a lot of electric energy to an unacceptably high amount of the heater. Break more quickly. The problem with such a conventional power supply control unit is so obvious that it is being replaced by a completely different system or apparatus for automatically controlling heater operation.

The most well known is TVP, a programmable thermoswitch (see Technical description and the operations manual, 36253-100-00 TO, Ministry of Railroad Transport, 1991). It is connected to the temperature sensor and the temperature sensor and has an output device for turning on the heater (turning on) through the control unit.

At this time, the control unit is attached to a separate input unit of a trigger and a storage device for an automatic control program with a program switch device attached to the two units for comparing the high and low temperatures of the rail with the programmed values. It includes a comparator and its own oscillator and includes a counter for measuring the cooling time of the rail.

Since the cooling time depends on the climate and temperature conditions, several programs with different temperature and time values are injected into the memory device. The specific program of the TVP operation is determined according to specific conditions.

However, the above-described TVP apparatus has the following problems.

The report of the scientific and research work of the Novosibirsk Institute of the railroad transport.Ministry of Railroad Transport, 1990, provides power to electric heating devices (EHD). It is said that (on / off) is preferably operated by a dispatcher. The reason for this recommendation is that the heat transfer device functions by four different operations.

1) Train service: electric heat on / off

2) Rail service: operation and repair of EHD

3) Signaling and communication services: operation of the ICU, block contacts

4) Electrification and energy services: energy conversion services by cable work or solenoid starters

Making the system practically unobservable causes breakage. In addition, as can be seen from practice, the temperature information (cooling time) of the line formed as the basis of the device function is insufficient. Thus, in the event of heavy snowfall, when the rail of the train moves from one position to another, it functions as a scraper that spreads and pushes the snow between the rail and the fixed rail, and the unmelted snow turns into thick ice. As a result, the wing stops working, is firmly coupled to the rail, and causes a disruption of train operation.

A weather sensor (snow sensor) is provided to solve the problems as described above in the conventional train. However, the use of weather sensors to detect heat during the early stages of snowfall does not guarantee normal operation of the train. Because, even when it is not snowing, snow can accumulate to a point by passing trains. Therefore, when trying to determine the principle of operating the heating device, other principles should be used. In other words, not the snowfall, but the existence of snow between the toe rail and the fixed rail should be a new principle.

On the other hand, when the tongue rail is adjacent to the stationary rail under conditions suitable for the operation of the train, when there is no more snow between the two rails, the energy for heating the rails is consequently wasted. Heating the trains at all individual railway stations results in too high total energy consumption, many times more than the normal operating costs of a complex and awkward system such as a gas burner system or compressed air system to melt the trains. Thus, the obvious advantages of the train's heat transfer system, such as low initial costs and the convenience and simplicity of assembly at each station, are lost by the enormous power costs.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a snow melting apparatus for a train having a rail temperature sensor that is different from the detection target of the snow sensor.

1 is a view schematically showing the above-mentioned conventional tap-off.

2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a tongue rail snow melting apparatus for a train according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

1: conversion case 2: microcontroller

3: heating element 4: line temperature sensor

5: eye detection sensor 6: tongue rail position sensor

7: modem 8: power cable

9: portable controller

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention, a heat transfer device for a train having a thermoelectric heater and a rail temperature sensor connected to the control unit, a sensor for sensing the position of the tongol relative to the fixed rail and the tongil and the fixed rail An indicator for detecting snow existing therebetween provides an electric rail tongue snow melting apparatus that is differentially connected to the control device.

At this time, the control device includes a programmable single chip microcontroller connected to a communication device having a dispatching point.

2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a tongue rail snow melting apparatus for a rail train according to an embodiment of the present invention. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Prior to the technical solution, the problem was set to minimize the amount of electrical energy consumed during the operation of the heating device. The set problem is constituted in such a way that a train heater is provided with a group of line temperature sensors and a thermoelectric heater attached to the control unit.

What is new in the proposed device is that a sensor for measuring the position of the rail of the rail with respect to the stationary rail and an indicator for recognizing the presence of the eye between the rail and the stationary rail are attached to the control unit.

The control unit of the application consists of a programmable single chip and has a microcontroller connected to the communication equipment according to the dispatching point. The use of these applications can significantly reduce operating energy consumption and increase the stability of the train operation in different climate and weather conditions. Looking at the configuration of the application device, the application device is installed in the form of a conversion case (1) installed in the vicinity of a suitable train. At the bottom of the conversion case 1 is located a control unit having a programmable single chip microcontroller 2. The microcontroller 2 includes a heating element (3, up to almost four times in all trains), a line temperature sensor 4, and a sensor capable of detecting snow between a moving rail and a fixed rail (sensor 5). , A tongue rail position sensor 6 or the like capable of measuring the relative position of the tongue rail with respect to the fixed rail is assembled and attached on the track. The number of sensors 4, 5, 6 mounted on one train is determined in a separate situation based on the constituent features of both the train and the sensor. The modem 7 connected with the controller 2 is associated with a communication means of a control unit having a dispatching point (not shown), and is used to heat the heating element 220V of the point work. Has an output directed to the cable (8). That is, a separate communication channel for exchanging information between the dispatching train and the control unit is not necessary. This can be achieved by connecting the controller 2 with the portable console 9 of the local control via a quick disconnect multipoint socket.

The programmable single-chip microcontrollers used in these applications replace the multi-element circuits of conventional devices and feature a PIC 16/17 series of microcontrollers to minimize energy consumption, provide exceptional performance and robust performance. Implement the reduced instruction set computer (RISC) architecture. It is also possible to form a minimum cabinet size at low cost. Recommended applications for such microcontrollers include intelligent sensors, engine electronic control circuits and production works (see 'Electronic components, Single-Chip micro-controllers', MICROCHIP PIC 16c8x. Riga, ORMICX, 1997)

The application device is operated by receiving the signals of the sensors 4, 5, 6 by the controller 2 and controlling the heating elements of group 3 in accordance with a program embedded in the controller 2. Therefore, it is possible to cut off the power supply to the heating element that does not affect the work load of the electric machine at a certain point of time, and if all the heating elements are not operated, supply power to the remaining heating element to maintain the work load of the electric machine while maintaining the same power consumption. Can be minimized.

Although this device is provided for an automatic mode transfer machine, its operation can be modified from the dispatcher point (PCC) of the central control unit. The local control train 9 has a keyboard and a monitor as an input / output device for information, and may partially replace the PCC. Using the PLC, the controller 2 can be directly and directly controlled, the driving algorithm can be changed, and the driving failure can be tracked.

In the performance program of the alternative technical track maintenance department of the anisovskaya of Privolzhskaya railway company during the period 1999-2000, an evaluation of the heat transfer system including the application was carried out. According to the evaluation results, the efficiency of the application is generally high, especially the driving power is significantly saved. Accordingly, over 2000-2001, the application is planned to be used for process execution in large quantities.

According to the present invention, in addition to the eye sensor which can detect the presence of snow between the tongue rail and the fixed rail, a sensor that senses the rail temperature, even if snow does not fall, the snow accumulated in the point There is an advantage that can be eliminated, when the tongue is adjacent to the fixed rail, when there is no snow between the two rails, by not heating the rails to reduce the energy consumption for driving the electric heating device There is.

Although the above has been described with reference to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, those skilled in the art various modifications of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention described in the utility model registration claims below And can be changed.

Claims (2)

Heater that generates heat by an electric device, sensor for detecting the position of the iron tongue rail with respect to the fixed rail, and indicator for detecting snow existing between the tongue rail and the fixed rail Tongue part snow melting apparatus for a train, characterized in that it comprises a control unit and a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the line. 2. The tongue rail snow melting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control unit further comprises a programmable single chip microcontroller connected to a communication device having a dispatching point.