KR200241783Y1 - Rock-bolt With A Safe Stopper - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a lock-bolt having a safety cap for mechanically fixing a surface rock layer that is likely to fall off during tunnel construction in a tunnel, to a deep rock mass, and having a taper portion having an increased thickness from one end to the other end. And a flange integrally formed at the other end of the tapered portion, a circular frame integrally formed at one side of the tapered portion, a plurality of corrugations formed at the other surface of the tapered portion, and a penetrating portion formed at the tapered portion to insert the bolt. A safety plug comprising a coupling hole to be formed, a first adhesive injection hole penetrating from the other end of the taper part to the front of the circular frame, and a second adhesive injection hole penetrating through the circular frame such that the first adhesive injection hole extends, and the bolt It consists of a washer of a predetermined size and a nut of a predetermined size corresponding to the bolt. It is characterized. The safety cap is made of synthetic resin, and the bolt is fixed with an adhesive in the sidewall perforated portion of the surface rock layer.

Description

Rock-bolt With A Safe Stopper

The present invention relates to a lock bolt installed in a tunnel, and more specifically, an adhesive which is installed in a tunnel drilled portion to prevent falling by self-weight of a bolt installed in the tunnel by combining a safety stopper made of a material having elasticity. The present invention relates to a lock-bolt having a safety stopper that can prevent the discharge of water to the outside.

In general, the rock-bolt is installed in the tunnel formed by blasting work using explosives such as dynamite for dredging of subways, tunnels, and underpasses.

In the tunnel, a number of large and small cracks are generated due to the instantaneous explosive force during the blasting of the explosives, and these cracks lower the binding force of the sidewall surface rock, which leads to the drop of a portion of the surface rock even after a slight vibration caused by the construction. Even the whole side wall collapses and serves as a safety accident.

Therefore, in order to prevent the cracks in the side wall from further developing, it is necessary to fill a plurality of large and small wedges in the side walls to fill the gaps caused by the cracks, and to allow the surface rock portion to bind with the deep rock mass.

At this time, the used lock-bolt is forcibly hit on the side wall to prevent crack development, or first, by drilling a hole and embedding an adhesive of mortar or resin therein, and then installing the lock-bolt, when a predetermined time elapses, The adhesive hardens with the bolt to support the sidewalls.

1 is a configuration diagram of such a conventional lock-bolt, Figure 2 is a state diagram used in the lock-bolt.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the lock-bolt includes a bolt 1 having a predetermined length, a square washer-shaped iron washer 3 coupled to one side of the bolt 1, and the washer 5. ) Is composed of a nut (5) fastened to the bolt (1) in the rear.

The bolt 1 has a length or size determined in a timely manner according to the extent of cracking of the sidewall 9, such as mortar, resin, or the like, which is inserted into the perforated portion of the sidewall 9 and is first embedded and fixed. It is fixed in the perforation with the adhesive 7.

Then, when the bolt (1) is seated in the perforation of the side wall (9) with the adhesive (7), insert the washer (3) in the rear of the bolt (1) protruding at the entrance of the perforation site, followed by the nut Tighten with (5) to finish the lock bolt construction.

In addition, as the predetermined time passes, the adhesive 7 hardens together with the bolts 1 in the perforations.

Meanwhile, the conventional lock-bolt is a civil engineering auxiliary facility for preventing all cracks from the wall portion of the tunnel to the ceiling portion, and in particular, if the entrance of the drilling portion is inclined in the direction of gravity, such as the ceiling portion, When construction is performed, there is a problem that a considerable difficulty is involved in rock-bolt construction, such as a flowable adhesive 7 flows out of the perforated portion.

In addition, even if the adhesive 7 is stably embedded in the perforated portion, there is a problem that a human accident occurs due to the fall by the weight of the bolt 1 mainly made of steel.

Accordingly, the present invention has been derived in view of the above-described conventional problems, and a first object of the present invention is to provide a lock-bolt having a safety cap capable of stably supporting the sidewall in the tunnel.

The second object of the present invention is to provide a lock-bolt having a safety stopper by fitting a safety stopper to the bolt.

Such, the objectives of the present invention are one end of the predetermined length of the bolt (10);

Tapered portion 21 having an increased thickness from one end to the other end, a flange 22 integrally formed at the other end of the tapered part 21, and a circular frame integrally formed at one side of the tapered part 21 ( 23, a plurality of corrugations 24 formed on the other surface of the tapered portion 21, coupling holes 25 formed through the tapered portion 21 so that the bolt 10 is inserted, and the taper The first adhesive member injection hole 26 is formed to penetrate from the other end of the portion 21 to just before the circular frame 23, and the first adhesive member injection hole 26 is formed to penetrate through the circular frame 23 so as to extend. Safety plug 20 consisting of two adhesive injection holes 27;

A washer 30 of a predetermined size corresponding to the bolt 10; And

It is achieved by a lock-bolt having a safety stopper, characterized in that consisting of; nut 40 of a predetermined size correspondingly coupled to the bolt (10).

Here, the safety stopper 20 is preferably a synthetic resin.

In addition, the bolt 10 is preferably fixed to the adhesive material 50 in the perforated portion of the side wall 60.

Other objects, specific advantages and novel features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description and the preferred embodiments associated with the accompanying drawings.

1 is a block diagram of a conventional lock-bolt,

2 is a state diagram used in the conventional lock-bolt,

3 is a block diagram of a lock-bolt having a safety cap according to the present invention,

4 is a perspective view of a safety plug according to the present invention,

5 is a state of use of the lock-bolt having a safety cap according to the present invention.

<Description of the code according to the main part of the drawing>

1: bolt 3: washer

5: nut 7: glue

9: sidewall 10: bolt

20: safety stopper 21: taper

22: flange 23: round frame

24: wrinkles 25: coupling holes

26: first adhesive injection hole 27: second adhesive injection hole

30: washer 40: nut

50: adhesive 60: side wall

100: lock bolt with safety cap

Before explaining the construction of the lock-bolt having a safety stopper according to the present invention, to describe the general definition of the rock bolt that is consistently used in the present invention, 'inserted into a hole drilled in the rock Used bolts and their accessories' are used to prevent them from falling down if they are easily peeled off and fall off rocks such as side walls of tunnels and gangway spaces.

The lock-bolt is also known as a roof bolt (Roof Bolt), there are a number of structures, but the simplest is a wedge-shaped bolt processed to the end of the peak.

This wedge bolt is forcibly beaten into the hole in the side wall of the shaft to enlarge the cracked end by the action of the wedge and secure it to the wall outside the hole, and attach the washer at the other end and fasten it to the side wall by using a nut.

In addition, there is an adhesive bolt, which is a method of drilling a hole in advance with a drill, inserting an adhesive such as resin or mortar, and then inserting the bolt.

The lock-bolt according to the present invention is a mixture of the two types of methods, first put a mortar or resin-type adhesive in the pre-drilled hole, and then insert a bolt and close the safety plug from the rear to close the hole inlet.

Then, the nut is tightened with the washer to reinforce the side wall in the tunnel and prevent cracking.

Next, a description of the configuration of the lock-bolt having a safety stopper according to the present invention will be described in detail with the accompanying drawings.

3 is a block diagram of a lock-bolt having a safety stopper according to the present invention, Figure 4 is a perspective view of the safety stopper according to the present invention.

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the lock-bolt 100 is coupled to the bolt 10 and the predetermined length of the bolt 10, one end of the rod shape to be inserted into the perforations in the tunnel It consists of a safety stopper 20, a rectangular plate-shaped washer 30 of a predetermined width coupled to the bolt 10, and the nut 40 is fastened to the bolt 10.

Here, the bolt 10 is formed so as to have a rod-shaped end, and is a trapezoidal screw shape in which one or more threads of a trapezoid shape are formed.

Typically, the trapezoidal screw is used when a strong force is applied in one direction, and generally indicates its size through the size of the outer diameter, and the outer diameter of the threaded portion of the bolt 10 is about 28 mm. .

In addition, the safety stopper 20 has a tapered portion 21 having a length of about 65 mm and a thickness uniformly increased from one end to the other end thereof, and a thickness of about 10 mm integrally formed at the other end of the tapered portion 21. Through the tapered portion 21 so that the circular flange 22 and the circular tape 23 of the round film form integrally formed on the other side of the tapered portion 21 and the bolt 10 are inserted. The coupling hole 25 is formed large.

In addition, about 4 wrinkles 24 are formed on the other surface of the tapered portion 21, and the first adhesive injection hole 26 is formed from the other end of the tapered portion 21 to just before the circular frame 23. Is formed through, the circular frame 23 is a second adhesive injection hole 27 is formed through.

In this case, the second adhesive injection hole 27 is formed so that the first adhesive injection hole 26 is extended and communicates with a predetermined interval.

Here, the safety cap 20 as a whole is made of an elastic material capable of expressing a predetermined elastic force, such as synthetic resins such as PE, PP, the fixing force for fixing the inserted bolt 10 is easily by manual force. It can be released.

In addition, the pleats 24 formed on the tapered portion 21 are connected to the surface of the safety stopper 20 when the safety stopper 20 is coupled after the bolt 10 is inserted into a drilling part in the tunnel. It is possible to couple the safety stopper 20 relatively easily by reducing the friction with the perforations within.

In addition, the circular frame 23 is formed so that the safety stopper 20 can be fixed toward the center at all times without bias in one direction in the perforated part, because it has a thin film form having an elastic force, uniform By expressing the elastic force can easily grasp the center of the safety stopper 20 in the perforation site.

Meanwhile, the washer 30 has a thickness of about 10 mm, and a horizontal washer of about 200 mm having a square plate shape iron washer 30, which is fastened to the nut 40 fastened behind the washer 30. It can support the inlet area of the perforation part in a tunnel by this.

Here, the nut 40 is fastened to the bolt 10 in the form of a hexagonal nut, so as to press the washer 30 with a fastening force from the rear so that most of the front surface of the washer 30 is pressed to the inlet region of the perforated part. Can be.

As such, when the lock 40 is configured in the lock bolt 100, the nut 40, the washer 30, and the safety stopper 20 are based on one end of the bolt 10 in which the rod is formed. The tapered portion 21 of the safety stopper 20 is coupled to face the rod-shaped portion of the bolt 10, and then the washer 30 and the nut 40 are fastened and coupled in order.

The rock-bolt 100 is an arched tunnel site formed by blasting gunpowder for dredging of subways, underpasses, tunnels, and the like, and cracks of the surface rock in the tunnel caused by a large amount of gunpowder used during blasting work. And mechanically fix the surface rock portion to the deep rock mass to prevent its spread.

In this case, first, one side of the surface rock portion is drilled to the extent that the bolt 10 can be inserted without difficulty, and then, an adhesive material 50 (shown in FIG. 5) such as resin and mortar is embedded, and the bolt ( 10) is mounted on a drill (not shown) or the like, and inserted with a strong rotational force. At this time, the rod-shaped portion of the bolt 10 is preferentially inserted into the perforated portion of the surface rock portion.

Rotating the bolt 10 by mounting the drill or the like as described above allows the adhesive material 50 to be uniformly fixed inside the perforated portion of the surface rock in the tunnel through the rotational force generated while the bolt 10 rotates. For sake.

In addition, the safety stopper 20 is coupled to the bolt 10 so that when the bolt 10 is inserted into the drilled portion of the surface rock site in the tunnel, the portion where the flange 22 is formed to face rearward, the safety As the corrugation 24 of the stopper 20 touches and is fixed in the perforated portion, the rear flange 22 is brought into close contact with the perforated portion inlet.

Here, the safety stopper 20 is a mortar with a high fluidity, and the adhesive material 50, such as a liquid resin of high fluidity and the like flows to the outside through the perforated portion having a diameter difference with the bolt 10. You can prevent it.

This is due to the shape of the tapered portion 21 in which the thickness of the safety stopper 20 is increased from one end to just before the other end portion where the flange 22 is formed, and has the largest outer diameter and the smallest diameter of the tapered portion 21. In the range between the outer diameters, the diameter of the perforated portion of the surface rock portion is appropriately set to perforate the rock portion on the surface of the tunnel.

In addition, the diameter of the tapered portion 21 of the safety stopper 20 can be adjusted in a timely manner according to various factors of the tunnel work.

In addition, the first adhesive injection hole 26 and the second adhesive injection hole 27 is a kind of passage for forcibly injecting the adhesive material 50 from the outside, and through this, it is possible to supplement mortar or the like.

In addition, when a pressure rise phenomenon occurs due to excessive adhesive 50 in the perforated part, a certain amount of adhesive 50 is discharged to the outside through the first adhesive injection hole 26 and the second adhesive injection hole 27. Because of this, it is possible to maintain a constant internal pressure at all times.

5 is a state of use of the lock-bolt having a safety cap according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 5, the lock-bolt 100 includes a bolt 10 having a predetermined length, a safety stopper 20 coupled to the bolt 10, and a square coupled to the bolt 10. It consists of a plate-shaped washer 30 and a hexagonal nut 40.

Here, the safety stopper 20 is a tapered portion 21 of a predetermined length, a flange 22 integrally formed on the other side of the tapered portion 21, and the tapered portion (20) to be coupled to the bolt (10) 21 and the coupling hole 25 penetrating through the flange 22, the circular frame 23 integrally formed on one side of the tapered portion 21, and the circular frame 23 from the other end of the tapered portion 21. 4) the first adhesive injection hole 26 and the first adhesive injection hole 26 are formed to penetrate the circular frame 23 so that the first adhesive injection hole 26 extends until just before. .

At this time, the bolt 10 is coupled to the safety stopper 20 through the coupling hole 25, followed by the washer 30 and the nut 40 is coupled to the bolt 10. .

In order to construct such a tunnel, a relatively large amount of explosives is used, of which blasting work is usually performed using dynamite.

Thus, since the explosive force and the destructive power are used to construct the tunnel by the blasting operation using the grand explosives, the part surrounding the outside of the tunnel is subjected to a strong and instantaneous impact due to the instantaneous explosion, thereby In the side wall 60, an infinite number of large and small cracks are generated in the outer side of the tunnel.

Then, after perforating the side wall 60 in the tunnel to a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the bolt 10, an adhesive 50 such as mortar or adhesive strong flowable resin is inserted into the perforated portion of the side wall 60. Settle down.

Then, the bolt 10 is mounted and rotated in a drill or the like to be inserted into the perforated portion of the side wall 60. At this time, the rod forming portion of the bolt 10 is inserted into the perforated portion of the side wall 60 first. do.

In addition, the bolt 10 is mixed so that the adhesive material 50 is uniformly fixed in the perforated portion of the side wall 60 by the centrifugal force generated while rotating.

Next, the safety plug 20 is inserted into the rear end portion of the bolt 10 protruding from the perforated portion so that the wrinkles 24 on the surface of the tapered portion 21 adhere to the inlet of the perforated portion of the side wall 60. By coupling so that the inside of the perforated part is completely sealed to the outside.

At this time, the circular frame 23 is to hold the center so that the center of the safety stopper 20 is not biased to one side as the safety stopper 20 enters the perforated portion, the coupling hole 25 and the contact hole 25 ) It is possible to prevent the coupling force with the bolt 10 from being lowered by preventing a predetermined space from being formed between the inner surfaces.

Then, by inserting the washer 30 of the square plate shape in the bolt 10 of the rear of the safety stopper 20, and then fastened with a nut 40, the safety stopper 20 is a side wall 60 It may be in close contact with the perforated portion, and the washer 30 may support the side wall 60 of the outer periphery of the perforated portion.

In addition, through the first adhesive injection hole 26 and the second adhesive injection hole 27 before the coupling of the washer 30 and the nut 40 can be supplemented by forced injection of mortar from the outside, this role In addition, if a pressure increase phenomenon occurs due to the excessive amount of the adhesive material 50 in the perforated portion, a predetermined amount of the adhesive material 50 is transferred to the outside through the first adhesive injection hole 26 and the second adhesive injection hole 27. May be discharged.

The discharge of the adhesive 50 is a kind of overflow phenomenon, thereby maintaining a constant pressure due to the adhesive 50 in the perforated part.

In addition, the safety stopper 20 may prevent the flowable adhesive 50 from being discharged out of the punched portion in a relatively large amount by the volume in the punched portion relatively reduced as the bolt 10 is inserted. Can be.

In addition, the bolt 10 is fixed in the perforated portion of the side wall 60 by the solidified and solidified adhesive 50 over time, and thereby collapse by the crack of the side wall 60 And crack diffusion.

In the lock-bolt 100 having a safety stopper according to the present invention as described above, the safety stopper 20, in addition to synthetic resins such as PE, PP, cork, wood, pulp material, and the like, ABS, poly Any of amides, polycarbonates, and polyacetals may be optionally used.

In addition, the bolt 10 may also be arbitrarily selected from among triangular and square screws in addition to the trapezoidal screw.

According to the lock-bolt having a safety stopper according to the present invention as described above, since the area from one end to the other end of the safety stopper has a tapered shape, it is inserted together with the fluid adhesive inserted into the sidewall perforation part in the tunnel. The inlet of the perforated part can be completely sealed at the rear of the bolt, so that the flowable adhesive is discharged out to prevent leakage.

And, since the material of the safety stopper is made of a synthetic resin material having an elastic force, it is easy to install and release on the bolt, and wrinkles are formed on the surface, thereby causing less friction with the inside of the perforated portion, thereby making it easier to join. It is also effective for beginners.

In addition, since the first adhesive injection hole and the second adhesive injection hole are formed through the tapered portion and the circular frame, the adhesive can be easily replenished from the outside, and when the internal pressure increases due to the excessive adhesive, an internal adhesive material is formed. There is an effect that can be released to the outside part.

In addition, the circular frame can easily prevent the center of the safety stopper in one direction by easily holding the center of the entire safety stopper in the sidewall perforation.

In addition, since the tapered portion of the safety stopper is completely in contact with the opening of the perforated part in the tunnel, the bolt generated when the perforated part is located on the upper part of the tunnel rather than the side of the tunnel prevents the fall of the human body, thereby preventing personal accidents. It can be effective.

Although the present invention has been described in connection with the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, various other modifications and variations may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that the appended claims cover such modifications and variations as fall within the true scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

A bolt 10 of a predetermined length whose one end is a rod-shaped shape; Tapered portion 21 having an increased thickness from one end to the other end, a flange 22 integrally formed at the other end of the tapered part 21, and a circular frame integrally formed at one side of the tapered part 21 ( 23, a plurality of corrugations 24 formed on the other surface of the tapered portion 21, coupling holes 25 formed through the tapered portion 21 so that the bolt 10 is inserted, and the taper The first adhesive member injection hole 26 is formed to penetrate from the other end of the portion 21 to just before the circular frame 23, and the first adhesive member injection hole 26 is formed to penetrate through the circular frame 23 so as to extend. Safety plug 20 consisting of two adhesive injection holes 27; A washer 30 of a predetermined size corresponding to the bolt 10; And Lock-bolt having a safety stopper, characterized in that consisting of; nut (40) of the predetermined size corresponding to the bolt (10). The method of claim 1, The safety stopper 20 is a lock-bolt having a safety stopper, characterized in that the synthetic resin. The method of claim 1, The bolt (10) is a lock-bolt having a safety cap, characterized in that it is fixed by the adhesive material (50) in the perforated portion of the side wall (60).