KR200231324Y1 - Hydraulic Breaker - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a hydraulic breaker that can reduce noise to the outside to the maximum and also prevent the entry of foreign matter into the breaker.

The hydraulic breaker is inserted into the receiving space formed by the lower bush 7, the lower part of the bracket 2 and the lower end 2a of the bracket, and has a through hole 21 into which the chisel 4 is reciprocally inserted. And a wiper 22 integrally formed with a buffer material 20 and a lip 22a inserted into the lower part of the buffer material 20 and in contact with the outer surface of the chisel 4.

Description

Hydraulic Breaker

The present invention relates to a hydraulic breaker, and more particularly, to a hydraulic breaker capable of reducing or preventing noise generated when the chisel is hit by a piston and preventing the inflow of foreign substances into the interior.

Generally, although not limited, hydraulic breakers that are widely used for crushing concrete or rock by mounting them on construction machines such as excavators or loaders have been subject to complaints at construction sites due to excessive noise generated during crushing work using them. In recent years, regulations have been increasingly strict, such as noise classifications. Therefore, many breaker manufacturers develop and sell so-called low-noise breakers that reduce noise by improving conventional hydraulic breakers, and related organizations use promotion measures such as certification of low-noise breakers for breakers that meet noise level regulation. It is leading to the development of low noise products.

The noise generated during the breaker operation is mainly due to the impact of the reciprocating piston in contact with the workpiece, that is, the sound generated when the chisel strikes the chisel and the vibration of the piston, chisel and the surrounding parts. Noise is the main cause. This is generally the same principle as the chisel and hammer principles used by masons. In the case of a breaker, the breaking force exerted by the breaker is very large and the speed of the blower is high, resulting in very loud noise. In general, the noise level of the conventional breaker used at the construction site is about 90 to 110 dB (A) depending on the size of the breaker for the non-low noise type and the low noise type at about 7.5 m from the breaker body. )

In general, low-noise breakers reduce the noise by the methods of sound insulation and dust protection. The operation principle of the hydraulic breaker and the noise reduction structure of the breaker will be briefly described with reference to FIG. 1 as follows.

As shown in FIG. 1, the breaker comprises a breaker body 1, which body 1 is fixed in an appropriate manner in a bracket 2 surrounding it. Herein, the case where the cushioning material 10 made of an elastic material such as rubber is used to support the main body 1 by engaging the uneven parts provided on the left and right surfaces of the main body 1 and to reduce the vibration of the breaker main body. In the breaker main body 1, a cylindrical space is formed so that the piston 3 can reciprocate up and down, and this cylindrical space is divided into several independent oil chambers by the large diameter part of a piston. The oil pressure is selectively supplied to the upper and lower oil chambers of the oil chambers to apply the upward or downward force to the pistons to move the pistons up and down. The piston continues to reciprocate up and down and strikes the upper end of the chisel 4 installed below the piston when the piston descends, thereby crushing the crushed object by the impact generated at this time.

The working principle of such a breaker varies in detail, but the basic principle of making repetitive movements using pistons and valve devices is the same. The description of the valve device will be omitted here. On the other hand, some breakers have a gas chamber 1a filled with compressed gas at the upper end of the piston 3 to compress the gas in the gas chamber when the piston 3 rises and then use the pressure of the gas when the piston descends. It may also allow (3) to descend at a faster rate. Since the piston is heavy and strikes the chisel at a high speed, a very large blow sound is generated in the blow chamber 11 of the breaker.

The chisel 4, which serves to convert the kinetic energy of the piston 3 into impact energy, is installed under the breaker body 1. In the breaker body 1, the upper bush 5 is fixed by the upper bush pin 6, as shown in FIG. 1, and the lower bush 7 is fixed by the lower bush pin 8 at the bottom of the breaker body. The chisel 4 is installed in a cylindrical space formed by the inner diameter of the upper bush 5 and the lower bush 7. When the device equipped with the breaker is moved and the chisel 4 is placed on the crushed object and the breaker is pressed, the chisel is pushed into the breaker main body. The support jaw 5a is formed to limit the height at which the chisel 4 is pushed into contact so that the hitting surface of the chisel is always placed in a constant position in the hitting chamber 11. In addition, when the breaker is lifted up, the chisel 4 is pulled out under the breaker by its own weight, and the chisel pin 9 is installed as shown in FIG. 1 to prevent the chisel 4 from being completely pulled out.

When the piston strikes the chisel, part of the noise generated in the striking chamber 11 passes through the wall of the breaker body 1 and propagates to the outside, and part of the noise between the chisel 4 and the upper bush 5 It propagates to the outside through the gap between the chisel 4 and the lower bush 7. In addition, the piston (3) and the chisel (4), the breaker body (1), the bracket (2), etc. vibrate due to the impact at the time of hitting, the noise is generated by this surface vibration, the noise caused by the vibration of the structure The higher the surface acceleration of the sieve, the louder the noise.

Conventional low-noise breakers have a bracket structure to block or reduce noise propagating through various paths as described above, or reduce noise propagation in the space between the breaker body 1 and the bracket 2. A method of installing a sound insulating material or fixing a breaker main body 1 in the bracket 2 is made of a material having a shock absorbing function as shown in FIG. 1 to reduce vibration of the bracket 2. Since the anti-vibration schemes are very diverse and already well known, detailed description thereof will be omitted herein.

However, in the case of the conventional low noise breaker described above, the side seal of the bracket 2 and the vibration of the bracket are mostly implemented, but the lower seal of the bracket 2 and the dust of the chisel 4 cannot be implemented. Noise flows out through the gap between the bushes 7, noise flows out through the lower gap in the space between the breaker body 1 and the bracket 2, and the surface of the chisel 4 by the vibration of the chisel 4 during the striking. There was a problem that the noise generated from the outside propagation.

The noise is mainly due to the fact that the lower part of the bracket cannot be sealed and the chisel is not dustproof. However, the structure of the breaker and the operating principle of the noise prevent the chisel from moving between the chisel (4) and the upper bush (5). And a gap between the chisel (4) and the lower bush (7), and if the breaker is used for a long time, the contact surface between the chisel and these bushes wears out, and this gap becomes larger and larger, so that the chisel is radially It was difficult to seal around the chisel because it was shaken a lot. Also, in order to suppress the vibration of the chisel, the surface of the chisel should be restrained with a cushioning material to suppress the surface vibration occurring in the radial direction. It was difficult to install a chisel dustproof device that could always be in contact.

In addition, when the breaker body 1 is fixed to the inside of the bracket 2 by using the cushioning material 10 made of an elastic material as shown in FIG. 1, the breaker may be erected at an angle, or the large rock or structure fragment may be moved by the breaker chisel 4. At this time, since the various shock absorbers 10 are asymmetrically deformed from each other, the breaker main body 1 is twisted with respect to the bracket 2, so that the eccentricity of the chisel 4 becomes more severe.

As a result, the conventional low noise type breaker seals only the side surface of the bracket 2 for the reasons described above, and attenuates only the vibration of the bracket by using the cushioning material between the breaker body 1 and the bracket 2, thereby limiting its noise level. There was.

The present invention is devised to solve the problems and problems described above, an object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic breaker that can reduce the blow noise leaked through the sliding part of the chisel during the crushing operation.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic breaker that can reduce the noise generated on the surface of the chisel by the vibration of the chisel when the chisel strikes.

Another object of the present invention is to reduce the noise generated on the surface of the chisel by the vibration of the chisel and the noise of the chisel during the crushing operation, and the vibration of the chisel during the impact of the chisel and prevent the inflow of foreign matter To provide a hydraulic breaker that can be.

1 is a configuration diagram showing a part of the conventional hydraulic breaker showing a cross section.

2 is a block diagram of a hydraulic breaker according to the present invention.

Figure 3 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing a state in which the chisel is eccentric during operation of the breaker according to the present invention.

Figure 4 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing another embodiment according to the present invention.

5 is a perspective view of a ring applied to the breaker of FIG. 4.

♣ Explanation of symbols for main parts in drawings ♣

1: body 2: bracket

3: piston 4: chisel

5: upper bush 6: upper bush pin

7: lower bushing 8: lower bushing pin

9: chisel pin 10: cushioning material

11: batting chamber 20: cushioning member

21: through hole 22: wiper

22a: Lip 24: Ring

24a: cutout

These objects include a bracket having an open lower portion, a main body disposed inside the bracket, a piston installed reciprocally in the main body, and a chisel that is blown when the piston is moved downwards and propagated downwardly of the bracket. And a lower bush inserted between the lower portion of the main body and the chisel, wherein the hydraulic chamber breaker has an annular shape fitted to an outer circumferential surface of the chisel to seal between the chisel and the bracket and to be in close contact with the bottom surface of the lower bush. It can be achieved by a hydraulic breaker, characterized in that it comprises a buffer member, and an annular wiper having a lip fitted to the chisel to be disposed below the buffer member and can be in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the chisel.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

2 is a block diagram of a hydraulic breaker according to the present invention, Figure 3 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing a state in which the chisel is eccentric during operation of the breaker according to the present invention, Figure 4 A partially enlarged cross-sectional view is shown showing another embodiment according to FIG. 5, wherein a perspective view of a ring applied to the breaker is shown, wherein the same components as those of the breaker shown in FIG. 1 described above are clarity. The same reference numerals are used for the sake of simplicity.

First, referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, the breaker according to the present invention further includes attenuating means for reducing or preventing noise generated from the breaker during the crushing operation, that is, the shock absorber 20 and the wiper 22 are additionally installed. do.

In more detail, the cushioning material 20 is inserted into the receiving space formed by the lower surface 7a of the lower bush 7, the lower part of the bracket 2, the lower end 2a of the bracket and the chisel 4. . The buffer member 20 has a through hole 21 in which its upper surface is in contact with the lower surface 7a of the lower bush 7 and a chisel 4 is inserted in the center thereof. In addition, the outer diameter of the cushioning material is formed larger than the diameter (D) of the receiving space in the free state, that is, before being inserted into the receiving space, and the inner diameter of the through hole drilled into the buffer material 20 is also free. It is preferable to form smaller than the diameter (d) of the chisel 4 in the state. And the height of the cushioning material 20 is preferably set larger than the height h of the insertion space in the free state. The reason for setting the dimensions of the shock absorbing material 20 is to restrain the chisel 4 radially and longitudinally by being elastically inserted into the receiving space.

In addition, the buffer member 20 is preferably made of a soft material having a relatively small elastic modulus, and examples thereof include foamed polyurethane or foamed rubber.

On the other hand, in the receiving space formed by the lower surface (7a) of the lower bush (7), the lower portion of the bracket (2), the lower end portion (2a) of the bracket and the chisel (4), the buffer member 20 and The wiper 22 is installed between the lower end portions 2a of the bracket 2, and the wiper 22 is inserted into the chisel 4, and a conical lip for wiping the surface during the vertical reciprocation of the chisel. ) 22a is formed. In addition, the outer diameter d 'of the wiper 22 is eccentric to the chisel 4 so that the lip 22a does not deviate from the chisel 4 when the chisel 4 is operated in an eccentric manner as will be described later in detail. It is preferable to set smaller than the diameter (D) of the accommodation space to interlock accordingly.

In addition, the wiper 22 is preferably formed of an elastic material having some strength, and examples thereof include polyurethane (Solid Polyurethane) and polyester (Polyester).

4 and 5, a ring 24 is inserted into the through hole 21 of the cushioning material 20 to prevent direct friction between the cushioning material 20 and the chisel 4.

More specifically, the ring 24 is formed in an annular shape using a material having excellent wear resistance and heat resistance. The inner diameter of the ring 24 is also formed smaller than the diameter d of the chisel 4 in the free state, i.e. not inserted into the chisel 4, and the outer diameter is also in the free state. It is preferable that it is formed somewhat larger than or equal to the inner diameter of.

In particular, the ring 24 is preferably formed of a discontinuous annular ring so as to be able to contract and expand for smooth reciprocation of the chisel 4, for which the cutout 24a is located at a predetermined position of the ring 24. ) Is formed. The cutout 24a is preferably formed by cutting in an oblique direction to prevent deformation and twisting.

According to the operation and operation mode of the breaker according to the present invention configured as described above, the piston 3 hits the chisel 4 in the state shown in Figure 2 during the breaker operation, the lower end of the chisel 4 is in contact with the crushed object Meanwhile, the upper jaw portion is in contact with the inner diameter jaw portion of the upper bush 5 to fix the chisel 4. At this time, some of the breaker weight and the weight of the mounting equipment is applied to the chisel 4 through the upper bush (5). When the breaker is operated in this state, the piston 3 starts reciprocating, descends at a high speed by hydraulic pressure and gas pressure, repeatedly hitting the chisel top, and when the piston descends, the piston 3 descends to lower the piston 3. As a reaction to the downward force applied to the breaker body 1 is applied to the breaker body 1, the load applied to the chisel 4 through the upper bushing 5 is reduced. In addition, when the piston hits the chisel, the pointed lower edge of the chisel 4 breaks the shreds and digs the shreds little by little. After the strike, the chisel 4 moves downward from the first fixed position in the breaker body 1. It is pushed out to break up the crushed object.

The impact sound generated when the piston 3 hits the chisel 4 during such a crushing operation is absorbed and attenuated by the shock absorbing material 20 and the wiper 22 to reduce the noise actually flowing out. That is, noise that may leak into the gap between the chisel 4 and the upper bush 5 and the gap between the chisel 4 and the lower bush 7 is primarily absorbed by the cushioning material 20 formed of a foam material. After that, the remaining noise is shielded by the wiper 22 formed of a dense material to prevent or reduce the leakage of the noise to the outside. Here, the foamed material forming the cushioning material 20 can significantly reduce noise in a specific frequency band.

In addition, the lip 22a of the wiper 22 always keeps in contact with the outer surface of the chisel 4 during the reciprocation of the chisel 4, so that foreign matter such as sand or dust generated during the crushing operation is broken into the breaker. It is possible to prevent the intrusion into the breaker body (1) to keep the contact surface between the parts at all times and to prevent scratches or wear caused by these foreign particles.

In particular, even when the chisel 4 is eccentrically reciprocated by an external force as shown in FIG. 3 during the operation of the breaker, it is possible to reduce or prevent the leakage of the noise, which is actually the shock absorber 20 When the chisel 4 is eccentric by being inserted in a compressed state more than the distance that 4 can be eccentrically, one side of the cushioning material 20 is compressed while the other side is relatively expanded so that the cushioning material 20 By continuously pressing and restraining the chisel 4, the vibration of the chisel can be suppressed. In addition, since the wiper 22 continuously seals the chisel while moving along the chisel 4 in the direction in which the chisel 4 is eccentric, the wiper 22 can continuously block leakage noise and block inflow of foreign substances.

Optionally, as shown in FIG. 4, when the ring 24 formed of a solid material is inserted into the cushioning material 20, the chisel 4 is reciprocated repeatedly and continuously, and the direct connection between the chisel 4 and the cushioning material 20 is performed. Since the contact is completely avoided, the occurrence of abrasion and heat generation due to friction on the cushioning material 20 may be prevented, and thus wear resistance and heat resistance may be improved. In addition, the ring 24 is provided with a diagonal cutout portion 24a so as to cope with the eccentric movement of the chisel 4 properly so that the chisel can be restrained and operated normally. Of course, even in this case, the lip 22a of the wiper 22 is still in contact with the outer surface of the chisel 4, thereby preventing the leakage of noise and the inflow of foreign substances.

Accordingly, during operation of the breaker according to the present invention it is possible to suppress the vibration of the chisel generated during the crushing operation by the cushioning material and the wiper or ring, it is possible to shield the leakage noise from the blow chamber through the chisel sliding part. In addition, it is possible to prevent the inflow of foreign substances.

As a result, according to the breaker according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the noise flowing out of the breaker to the maximum to improve the workability and environmental properties, and also to prevent the incorporation of foreign substances into the breaker to improve the productability and reliability There is. In the above, the preferred embodiment according to the present invention has been described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without departing from the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (3)

A bracket having an open lower portion, a main body disposed inside the bracket, a piston installed reciprocally in the main body, a chisel being blown down when the piston is moved downward and being pushed downwardly of the bracket; A hydraulic breaker having a lower bush inserted between a lower portion of a chisel and a chisel, An annular cushioning member 20 fitted to an outer circumferential surface of the chisel 4 so as to seal between the chisel 4 and the bracket 2 and to be in close contact with the bottom surface of the lower bush 7; Hydraulic breaker, characterized in that it comprises an annular wiper (22) having a lip (22a) that is fitted to the chisel (4) to be disposed under the 20) and can be in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the chisel (4). 2. A hydraulic breaker as set forth in claim 1, wherein a ring (24) is inserted into the buffer material so as to reciprocally insert the chisel (4) so as not to contact the buffer material. 3. Hydraulic breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that the ring (24) is formed in a discontinuous annular shape by an oblique cut (24a).