KR200229439Y1 - A controller for a inrush current of air-conditioner compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an inrush current controller of an air conditioner compressor. The present invention relates to a relay for controlling the current flowing to the main coil and a relay for controlling the current, and a current limiting element and a reactor to control the inrush current sufficiently even in a large-capacity air conditioner with a high output. The present invention provides a method of controlling an inrush current generated during startup by sequentially controlling a relay for protection and a controller including a resistor module for protecting components mounted on a board from heat generated by a current limiting device. .

Description

A CONTROLLER FOR A INRUSH CURRENT OF AIR-CONDITIONER COMPRESSOR}

The present invention relates to an inrush current controller of an air conditioner compressor, and in particular, a relay to control the current flowing to the main coil and a capacitor to control the inrush current sufficiently even in a large-capacity air conditioner with a high output, and a current limiting device and a reactor. The present invention relates to a method of controlling an inrush current generated during startup by sequentially controlling a relay for protecting the circuit, and a controller including a resistor module for protecting components mounted on a board from heat generated by a current limiting device.

In general, large-capacity inductive loads cause excessive loads on electrical or electronic components due to electrical characteristics, which cause a high current, which is several tens of times higher than the current consumption during startup, for several msec.

Due to such a high inrush current and the resulting counter voltage surge, fusion or melting occurs at a contact point such as a switch controlling on and off. That is, there is a problem that causes a failure in the components mounted on the substrate to be used.

In order to solve such a disadvantage, conventionally, power is applied from the power source 40 to the compressor 10 including the start coil 12 and the main coil 11 to which the start capacitor 20 is connected as shown in FIG. 1. Magnetic switch 30, or AC power relay, which is a high breakdown voltage control station that is several times higher than the maximum current and voltage, is used as a contact terminal. However, these elements are just enough to withstand the disturbance caused by inrush current. It does not have any function to control the inrush current generated at startup.

Accordingly, the present applicant has a compressor 50 having a main coil 51 connected with a relay 92 and a current limiting device 70 connected in parallel with a starting coil 52 connected with a starting capacitor 60 as shown in FIG. 2. And the inrush current is controlled by using a relay 91 for controlling the power applied to the compressor 50, but such a control device has a disadvantage in that it does not exhibit its function at a higher capacity.

Therefore, in order to overcome this problem, those skilled in the art have sought solutions in various ways. For example, a method of constructing a cement (ceramic) resistor together with a current limiting device or a method of controlling the current limiting device using a thermal sensor is used. In this case, there is a problem in that the inrush current generated cannot be controlled.

That is, in the case of using the conventional technology, the larger the capacity, the larger the proportion of the inrush current generated at startup, and the damage is caused by the characteristics and heat of the resistance generated thereby, and the inrush current is controlled. I lost my ability to do so.

The present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned conventional problems, the object of the present invention is a relay for controlling the current and the relay to control the current flowing to the main coil to control the inrush current sufficiently even in a large-capacity air conditioner with high output and In order to control the inrush current generated during start-up by controlling the current limiting device and the relay to protect the reactor sequentially, a controller including a resistor module for protecting the components mounted on the board from the heat generated by the current limiting device To provide.

One feature according to the present invention for achieving the object of the present invention is a controller comprising a circuit having a main coil and a starting coil and the relay is controlled by a sequential control circuit to reduce the inrush current generated in the air conditioner compressor In the controller, the main coil is connected to the relay in series, the relay is connected to the current limiting element and reactor constituting a resistor and the relay for protecting the current limiting element and the reactor in series, constitutes the resistance The current limiting element and the reactor are configured to be connected in parallel with the relay; A driving capacitor and a relay for controlling the starting capacitor and the starting capacitor are connected in series with the starting coil, and the starting capacitor and the relay are connected in parallel with the driving capacitor; Each relay is in an inrush current controller of an air conditioner compressor configured to be connected and controlled in a sequential control circuit.

1 is a schematic circuit diagram for driving a conventional air conditioner compressor,

2 is a schematic circuit diagram for controlling inrush current using a conventional sequential control circuit,

3a is a schematic circuit diagram of a controller configured to control an air conditioner compressor according to the present invention,

Figure 3b is a schematic circuit diagram of a controller showing another embodiment for controlling the air conditioner compressor according to the present invention,

4 is a detailed circuit diagram of one controller according to the present invention,

5 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of a controller for controlling the inrush current in which the current limiting element and the relay according to the present invention constitute a separate module,

6 is a graph showing the characteristics of a current when starting an air conditioner compressor having a conventional general circuit,

7 is a graph showing the characteristics of the current when starting the air conditioner compressor equipped with a controller using a conventional current limiting element,

8 is a graph showing the characteristics of a current when starting an air conditioner compressor equipped with a controller using a conventional current limiting element and a cement (ceramic) resistance,

9 is a graph showing the characteristics of the current when starting the air conditioner compressor equipped with a controller using a current limiting element and a reactor according to the present invention.

* Description of the main parts of the drawings *

10,50,100,100 '... Compressor 11,51,110,110' ... Main coil

12,52,120,120 '... Starting coil 20,60,320,320' ... Starting capacitor

30 ... switch 40 ... power

70,410,410 '... Current limiting device 80,500,500' ... Sequential control circuit

91,92,210,210 ', 220,220', 230,230 '... relay

310,310 '... Operation capacitor 420 ... Reactor

600 ... PCB 700 ... Heat Dissipation Case

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

3A and 3B, there is shown a schematic circuit diagram of a controller for performing a method for controlling the inrush current of an air conditioner compressor according to the present invention.

The configuration of the controller includes a current limiting element 410 and a relay 420 constituting a circuit and a resistor for controlling the inrush current, but as shown in FIG. 5, the current limiting element 410 and the relay ( 420 constitutes a separate module from the circuit board 600.

The reason for configuring the current limiting element 410 and the relay 420 as a separate module as described above is that since the current limiting element 410 is a resistor having heat generation characteristics, heat is generated in the current limiting element 410 when energizing. This is because the heat becomes higher as the capacity becomes larger, which adversely affects the performance of the circuit itself of the controller, which will be described below, which is a factor that can degrade its function.

The resistance value of the current limiting element 410 is preferably determined to be about 0.5 to 5 times the impedance of the reactor 420. The resistance value of the current limiting element 410 and the impedance value of the reactor 420 are In preparation for the output of the air conditioner compressor 100 is shown in the table below. However, these resistance values and impedance values are merely experimental values of the present invention and are not limited to these values.

Load output Resistance value of current limiting device Reactor impedance value 2.0Kw 5 to 20 Ω 1 to 15 Ω 3.0Kw 2 to 40 Ω 1 to 10 Ω 4.0Kw 1 to 30 Ω 0 to 7 Ω

In addition, as shown in FIG. 5, the current limiting element 410 configured to be covered with the heat dissipation case 700 has a reactor 420 that generates little heat since its pure resistance component is almost zero. Because it is configured in series, it can be restored to normal temperature at a high speed, thus allowing more stable current control.

In the controller according to the present invention, a relay 210 for controlling a current flowing along the main coil 110 is connected to the main coil 110 of the compressor 100 in series, and the relay 210 forms a resistor. The current limiting element 410 and the reactor 420 and the relay 220 for protecting the current limiting element 410 and the reactor 420 are connected in series. The current limiting element 410 and the reactor 420 constituting the resistor are connected in parallel with the relay 220.

In addition, a driving capacitor 310 and a relay 230 for controlling the starting capacitor 320 and the starting capacitor 320 are connected to the starting coil 120 of the compressor 100 in series, and the starting capacitor 320 And the relay 230 are connected in parallel with the driving capacitor 310. Each of the relays 210, 220, and 230 is connected to the sequential control circuit 500 and controlled by the sequential control circuit 500.

And the configuration of the controller shown in Fig. 3b is a relay 220 'and a resistor (current limiting element 410' and reactor 420 ') connected in parallel are connected in series to the main coil 110', and then Relay 210 'for controlling main coil 110' is connected in series.

The start coil 120 'is connected with a start capacitor 320' connected in series and a relay 310 'connected in parallel with the relay 230'. Each relay 210 ', 220', 230 'is controlled by a sequential control circuit 500'.

That is, the controller shown in FIG. 3B performs the same function as the controller shown in FIG. 3A only by changing the positions of the relays 210 'and 230'.

Through this configuration, a method of controlling the inrush current generated when the first air conditioner is driven is performed as follows.

First, when power is first applied, current flows to the main coils 110 and 110 'and the starting coils 120 and 120' of the compressors 100 and 100 '. At this time, the relays 210 and 210 'for controlling the current flowing in the main coils 110 and 110' connected in series with the main coils 110 and 110 'are kept at a distance from the contact to cut off the current.

Therefore, the current flows along the starting coils 120 and 120 'of the compressors 100 and 100', and the relays 230 and 230 'for controlling the current flowing through the starting capacitors 320 and 320' are contacted to operate with the driving capacitors 310 and 310 '. Current flows through both the starting capacitors 320 and 320 '.

The driving capacitors 310 and 310 'and the starting capacitors 320 and 320' may have a capacity of about 60 µF to 300 µF, and the driving capacitors 310 and 310 'may have a capacity of 30 µF to 100 µF.

In this embodiment, the load output was 3.8 Kw, and about 30 A of current flowed to the starting coils 120 and 120 'during initial driving.

The starting capacitors 320, 320 ′ and the driving capacitors 310, 310 ′ are charged with the capacitors 310, 320, 310 ′, 320 ′, and the resonance coils reach the maximum with the starting coils 120, 120 ′. In this case, the starting coils 120, 120 ') Flows a sufficient amount of current (e.g., about 20-40 A) required to start the air conditioner. At this moment, the sequential control circuit 500, 500 'signals the relays 210, 210' connected in series to the main coils 110, 110 ', and the main coils 110, 110' and the current limit by the operation of the relays 210, 210 '. Current flows through elements 410 and 410 'and reactors 420 and 420'. That is, the compressors 100 and 100 'normally start up.

At this time, the relays 220 and 220 'connected in parallel with the current limiting elements 410 and 410' and the reactors 420 and 420 'are in contact with each other. And the inrush current generated at this time occupies most of the total inrush current of the compressor (100,100 '). That is, the starting coils 120 and 120 'are energized first to reduce the amount of current through each of the capacitors 310, 320, 310' and 320 ', and again through the current limiting elements 410 and 410' and the reactor 420 and 420 'modules. Again, the reducer is reduced, and the overall instantaneous inrush current generated in the compressors 100 and 100 'becomes 50% or less of the value of the compressors 100 and 100'.

When the compressors 100 and 100 'are completely started through the above process, the sequential control circuits 500 and 500' control the relays 230 and 230 'that control the start capacitors 320 and 320' to flow into the start capacitors 320 and 320 '. By blocking the operating capacitor (310,310 ') to enable normal operation only. At the same time, the relays 230 and 230 'are disconnected, and the sequential control circuit 500 and 500' makes contact with the current limiting elements 410 and 410 'and the relays 220 and 220' connected in parallel with the modules of the reactors 420 and 420 '. .

The reason for contacting the relays 220 and 220 'is that the current limiting elements 410 and 410' and the current limiting elements 410 and 410 'have a heat generation property when a large amount of current continuously flows into the module of the reactors 420 and 420'. ') May be damaged or restarted after the air conditioner is stopped. Current limiting elements (410, 410') are not restored to their normal temperature and cannot function. To do so.

The inrush current generated when starting the output load of 3.8 Kw through the controller according to the present invention is shown in FIGS. 6 to 9 by outputting an oscilloscope graph compared with a conventional circuit. These comparisons were tested in the same environment, ie, with the same amount of output.

First, as shown in FIG. 6, when starting a general air conditioner compressor, the current flow showed a maximum of 159.56A. These graphs show that while operating the magnet switch, a significant excessive net inrush current is generated.

7 shows the inrush current generated when starting the air conditioner compressor equipped with the current limiting element, and it can be seen that the inrush current generated is 116.52A.

8 shows the inrush current generated when starting the air conditioner compressor equipped with the current limiting element and the cement resistor, it can be seen that the inrush current generated is 99.32A.

9 illustrates the inrush current generated when the air conditioner compressor is started by the controller using the inrush current control method according to the present invention. The inrush current generated in the present invention is generated at the moment when the compressor starts normal operation, that is, the relays 210 and 210 'connected to the main coil are operated. It can be seen that the inrush current generated at this time is 50.39A.

Through such a test, the larger the output amount, the greater the magnitude of the inrush current generated, so that it is difficult to control the inrush current according to the conventional method, but it can be seen that the method according to the present invention can be sufficiently controlled.

That is, a general air conditioner compressor (2Kw class or more) generates an instantaneous inrush current of about 60A to 150A, but according to the present invention, it can be seen that the numerical value of the inrush current is significantly reduced to about 20A to 45A.

As described above, the inrush current controller of the air conditioner compressor according to the present invention is mostly limited to the inrush current generated from the main coil side toward the initial starting coil to reduce the total starting current of the compressor, even if energized toward the main coil again. Since the overcurrent is again absorbed by the device and the reactor module, the inrush current of the entire compressor is significantly controlled.

In addition, since the current limiting element and the reactor forming the resistance of the main coil are configured as separate modules, the heat generated in the current limiting element can be quickly restored to a normal temperature to perform a more stable startup.

In addition, since all the power to the compressor is provided by the control circuit, the current limiting element and the reactor module, unnecessary magnetic switches can be removed, thereby reducing the cost and simplifying the structure of the compressor control electronics box. .

What has been described above is just one embodiment for implementing the inrush current control method and controller of the air conditioner compressor according to the present invention, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, it is claimed in the utility model registration claims below As will be apparent to those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains without departing from the gist of the present invention, the technical spirit of the present invention is to the extent that various modifications can be made.

Claims (6)

A controller comprising a compressor having a main coil and a starting coil, and a circuit configured to control a relay by a sequential control circuit, wherein the controller reduces the inrush current generated in the air conditioner compressor. A relay 210 is connected in series to the main coil 110, and a current limiting element 410 and a reactor 420 constituting a resistor are connected to the relay 210, and the current limiting element 410 and a reactor 420. Is connected in series, and the current limiting element 410 and the reactor 420 constituting the resistor are connected in parallel with the relay 220; The starter coil 120 is connected to a driving capacitor 310 and a relay 230 for controlling the start capacitor 320 and the start capacitor 320 in series, and the start capacitor 320 and the relay 230 are It is connected in parallel with the driving capacitor 310; Each of the relays (210, 220, 230) is connected to the sequential control circuit 500, inrush current controller, characterized in that configured to be controlled. The controller of claim 1, wherein the current limiting element (410) and the relay (420) constituting the resistance of the main coil (110) form a separate module from the circuit board (600). The controller of claim 1, wherein the resistance value of the current limiting element (410) is about 0.5 to 5 times the impedance of the reactor (420). The method of claim 1, wherein when the load output of the compressor 100 is 2.0Kw, the resistance value of the current limiting element 410 is 5 to 20 Ω, and the impedance value of the reactor 420 is 1 to 15 Ω. Controller. The method of claim 1, wherein when the load output of the compressor 100 is 3.0Kw, the resistance value of the current limiting element 410 is 2 to 40 Ω, the impedance value of the reactor 420 is 1 to 10 Ω Controller. The method of claim 1, wherein when the load output of the compressor 100 is 4.0Kw, the resistance value of the current limiting element 410 is 1 to 30 Ω, and the impedance value of the reactor 420 is 0 to 7 Ω. Controller.