KR200223062Y1 - A water-repelling and oil-absorbent porous material - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an oil-repellent porous structure whose surface is water-repellent, and an object of the present invention is to provide an oil-absorbing material that selectively absorbs only oil such as waste oil spilled into rivers and seas.

To this end, the present invention consists of a porous structure in which silicon dioxide particles having water repellent performance are effectively fixed on the surface by an adhesive material.

By such a configuration, the present invention provides an excellent porous structure having excellent water repellency and oil absorption, and having all the conditions to be provided as an oil absorbent.

Description

A water-repelling and oil-absorbent porous material

The present invention relates to an oil-repellent porous structure whose surface is water-repellent, in order to provide an oil absorption material for selectively absorbing only oils such as waste oil spilled into rivers and seas.

The ocean occupies more than 70% of the earth's total surface area and is rich in biomass and mineral resources, making it the last report of humankind's expectations. Today, the ocean is a large industrial complex located within the coastal region. In addition to the causes of pollution from the land, such as inflow of industrial wastewater and domestic wastewater discharged from large cities, fertilizers and contaminated groundwater and surface water from agricultural and livestock activities, oil spills from large tanker accidents, washing water from ships, etc. It is rapidly devastated by the causes of pollution, such as wastewater and various wastes discharged from marine facilities, and is in a serious pollution state that has a huge impact on the entire ecosystem.

In particular, oil spilled from ships due to accidents, not only in the early stages of the accident, but also causes massive damage to the ecosystem, causing massive deaths of algae and asphyxiation of fish and shellfish over the months and decades after the accident. have.

The spilled oil may be partially removed through the control and purification operations, but most of the oil remains in the environment during the complex weathering process and continuously affects various marine organisms. This is a challenge that must be addressed in terms of protection or in the prevention of damage to the marine industry such as aquaculture.

When oil spills, oil fences are first installed to prevent oil from spreading and to recover oil.

Oil recovery technology uses a waste oil removal device that sucks oil by mechanical force such as centrifugal or vacuum type, uses a chemical that treats oil spilled at sea by chemical and biochemical methods, incineration A method of removing effluent oil or a method of using an oil absorption material for adsorbing and recovering oil is used.

However, the method of inhaling the oil strip of the waste oil on the sea surface by the mechanical device is not only difficult to remove the oil strip effectively because water is also sucked when the waste oil is inhaled, and the oil strip of the vast area such as the sea is removed. In order to take a lot of time, there is a disadvantage that can not be a quick oil control operation.

In addition, even when the waste oil on the surface is removed by using chemicals, even though the waste oil from the sea level is removed since the chemical solidifies with the waste oil, the sedimented waste oil causes secondary environmental pollution. In addition, the method of controlling waste oil by incineration is not a suitable method considering that toxic substances are generated during incineration.

Because of these problems, technology is focused on the development of an effective oil absorbent that absorbs only waste oil.

Oil absorbers are currently made of petroleum polymers and are made of synthetic materials that are hydrophobic so that they can be absorbed from low viscosity oils to high viscosity, or organic materials such as plant fibers, pulp, and coal packed in nets. Oil absorbents made of special materials are used to have water repellency, but such oil absorbents are generally expensive or have a problem in that toxic gases are generated during incineration after adsorbing oil.

Therefore, a method of using minerals having a porous structure such as perlite, vermiculite, pumice, and calcined earth has been proposed. These minerals have a porous structure, so they have good absorption or adsorption to liquids, but do not absorb oil by preferentially absorbing water when used in a mixture of water and oil, such as in seawater with oil spills. Since it becomes impossible, it has a limit to use as an oil absorption material. Therefore, various methods for absorbing only oil by providing water repellency to these minerals have been researched and developed.

Among them, a method of treating a surface of the porous structure with a water-repellent chemical component such as epoxy vinyl chloride has been proposed.However, the water-repellent chemical component can absorb the pores of the porous structure by filling capillary pores in the porous structure or closing the inlet during the surface attachment process of the porous structure. The problem has been raised that even loss.

A method of attaching a water repellent material only to the surface of the porous structure by using an adhesive in a method of water repellent treatment of the surface of the porous structure In addition, as in the case of directly attaching the water repellent material, the adhesive material fills or blocks the capillary pores of the porous structure. Therefore, there have been various difficulties in producing an oil absorption porous structure by surface water repellent treatment.

Therefore, the present inventors should have (1) oil absorbency, which is a property of absorbing oil, which is a requirement for oil absorbents, (2) have lipophilicity of adsorption power for oil attracting oil, and (3) water. Has hydrophobic and water repellent properties that do not absorb, (4) does not sink in water even after adsorbing oil, (5) no environmental pollutants will be generated during other processing such as incineration after adsorbing oil After devising new oil absorbents with the following conditions: (6) long-term storage, (7) low cost, and mass production.

Accordingly, the present invention aims to provide an excellent oil absorption porous structure having all the above requirements as an oil absorbent material through an effective water repellent treatment.

Figure 1a is a view showing a porous structure surface-treated with a pressure-sensitive adhesive and silicon dioxide particles before heating.

1B is a view showing a porous structure of the present invention in which silicon dioxide particles are fixed on a surface by an adhesive after heating.

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

1: porous structure

2: adhesive material

3: silicon dioxide particles

4: carbonized adhesive

The oil absorption material of the present invention for achieving the above object is composed of a porous structure in which silicon dioxide particles are adhered on the surface by an acrylic resin-hexane solution or an acrylic monomer aqueous solution adhesive.

The present invention is characterized in that the surface of the gas is water-repellent in order to give oil absorption to absorb only oil to the absorbent gas having a porous structure.

In the present invention, silicon dioxide is used as a water repellent in a ratio of 10 to 20 g with respect to 100 g of the porous structure.

Silicon compound has a very good water repellency and lipophilic property with low surface tension, and it is an inorganic material widely used as a water repellent and a waterproofing agent together with a fluorine compound, of which silicon dioxide exists as a white fine powder in nature. Therefore, it has been difficult to attach to the absorbent gas having a porous structure.

However, the porous structure of the present invention uses an acrylic resin-hexane solution or an acrylic monomer aqueous solution as an adhesive material to attach the silicon dioxide powder to the porous structure, and by heating it at a high temperature of 250 ℃ to 300 ℃, evaporation of unnecessary adhesive And with this shrinkage phenomenon, the silicon dioxide particles were fixed on the surface by carbonization of the pressure-sensitive adhesive.

The present invention can use a wide variety of materials, such as perlite, vermiculite, pumice, calcined earth, etc., as a water absorbing gas, which is economic in terms of manufacturing cost, and toxic in the process of incineration after oil adsorption. Since no gas is generated, it is very advantageous from an environmental point of view.

The water and oil repellent porous structure of the present invention is produced by a method consisting of the following steps:

(1) dispersing the adhesive material of the acrylic resin-hexane solution or the acrylic monomer aqueous solution on the surface of the porous structure in a container including the porous structure,

(2) stirring the container so that the adhesive solution is evenly applied onto the porous structure surface,

(3) transferring the porous structure coated with the pressure-sensitive adhesive material to a container containing silicon dioxide in a powder state, and then stirring to ensure that the silicon dioxide particles are evenly attached onto the surface of the porous structure coated with the pressure-sensitive adhesive material,

(4) removing excess silicon dioxide particles attached to the surface of the porous structure using a sieve,

(5) gradually heating the porous structure at a temperature of 250 ° C. to 300 ° C. for 5 to 8 minutes to allow the silicon dioxide particles to adhere onto the surface of the porous structure by a carbonized adhesive.

When the water-repellent and oil-repellent porous structure of the present invention is produced by the above method, the silicon dioxide is compressed to the porous structure surface by the shrinkage of the adhesive layer which occurs in the process of evaporating the unnecessary adhesive material by high temperature heating, and the silicon dioxide adheres. Some of the adhesive material remaining in the portion is carbonized to serve as a crosslinking role for the silicon dioxide to be fixed on the surface of the porous structure, as in the conventional method, the capillary pores of the porous structure by the adhesive material is filled or closed, so that the oil absorption There is no loss of results.

Hereinafter, the process of producing the water-repellent and oil-repellent porous structure of the present invention in more detail step by step as follows.

In step (1), the adhesive material of the acrylic resin-hexane solution or the acrylic monomer aqueous solution is sprayed onto the surface of the porous structure by spraying the porous structure in a rotating container.

In this case, the amount of the acrylic resin-hexane solution or the acrylic monomer aqueous solution adhesive is used in an amount such that the surface of the porous structure can be sufficiently coated, that is, in an amount of 7/100 to 8/100 of the gas volume.

Thereafter, step (2) is performed to stir the vessel for 2 to 3 minutes at a low speed of 20 to 30 revolutions per minute so that the pressure-sensitive adhesive solution is evenly applied on the surface of the porous structure. As a result of step (2), the entire surface of the porous structure is in a state of being coated with the pressure-sensitive adhesive solution.

In step (3), the porous structure coated with the adhesive material is transferred to a container containing silicon dioxide, and then stirred well so that the silicon dioxide particles are evenly attached onto the surface of the porous structure coated with the adhesive material.

At this time, the silicon dioxide is attached to the surface of the porous structure by a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer formed on the surface of the porous structure through the step (2) in a white fine powder state.

Silicon dioxide is used in an amount of about 10 to 20 g, preferably 15 g based on 100 g of the porous structure.

In step (4), excess silicon dioxide particles adhering to the surface of the porous structure are removed by sieving or the like.

A diagram showing the porous structure with the adhesive and silicon dioxide attached is shown in FIG. 1A.

As can be seen from this figure, the pressure-sensitive adhesive material applied to the porous structure fills or closes not only the surface of the porous structure but also the micropores, so that the porous structure loses absorbency in this state.

Thereafter, a step (5) of removing the adhesive blocking the micropores and performing heat treatment on the porous structure to fix silicon dioxide more firmly on the surface of the porous structure is performed.

When the porous structure is slowly heated at a temperature of 250 ° C. to 300 ° C. for 5 to 8 minutes through the heat treatment step of step (5), most of the adhesive material evaporates and shrinkage of the adhesive layer causes silicon dioxide particles to form the surface of the porous structure. In close contact with the phase, some of the pressure-sensitive adhesive remaining between the silicon dioxide and the porous structure is carbonized to serve as a crosslinking layer to further adhere the silicon dioxide onto the porous structure surface.

In this heating process, the porous structure is gradually heated at a temperature of 250 ° C. to 300 ° C. over 5 minutes to 8 minutes, wherein the heat source is directly in contact with the surface of the workpiece or when the heating temperature exceeds 300 ° C. When the used acrylic component ignites, no shrinkage is achieved, and the fastening effect is not realized. Even when rapid heating is performed within 5 minutes, the fastening effect is also insufficient and the fastening effect is reduced. In addition, if the heating rate is too slow or the heating temperature is lower than 250 ° C., some of the acrylic components used as the adhesive may be cured before evaporation, and thus capillary pores of the porous structure may be blocked. Particular attention should be paid to control.

After heating, the adhesives filling the micropores are evaporated, and a diagram showing the state of the porous structure in which silicon dioxide particles are fixed on the surface by the carbonized adhesive is shown in FIG. 1B.

As a result of step (5), oil absorption and hydrophobic porous structures surface-treated with water-repellent silicon dioxide are produced.

The porous structure of the present invention exhibits almost complete water repellency without degrading oil absorption due to the properties of the water-repellent silicon dioxide and the absorbent porous structure, and the fine particles of silicon dioxide are evenly distributed on the surface of the porous structure, It is an excellent oil absorbent material that combines the conditions of the oil absorbent described above.

Hereinafter, the experimental procedure and results for the absorption (water repellency) and oil absorption performance of the porous structure of the present invention will be described as examples.

Example 1

A water-repellent and oil-absorbing porous structure was prepared using a calcined soil for soil improvement as the porous structure, and silicon dioxide as the water-repellent material and an acrylic resin-hexane solution as the adhesive.

First, a calcined earth having a particle size of 8 to 12 mm was placed in a container, and a commercial acrylic resin-hexane solution was sprayed to the extent that the surface of the calcined earth was sufficiently covered and dispersed on the calcined earth surface.

The container is rotated so that the pressure-sensitive adhesive solution is evenly applied on the surface of the calcined earth, and the silicon dioxide particles are placed on the surface of the calcined earth to which the pressure-sensitive adhesive is applied by placing it in a heat resistant container containing 88.01% of commercially available silicon dioxide in a white powder state. Evenly attached.

After the use of a sieve to remove excess silicon dioxide particles, it was slowly heated over a period of about 7 minutes at a temperature of 250 ° C. to 300 ° C. to evaporate unnecessary adhesives and allow the silicon dioxide particles to stick on the calcined earth surface. .

After measuring the weight of the oil-absorbing calcined soil thus prepared, it was allowed to stand on water surface at 20 ° C. for 5 minutes, transferred to a wire mesh and left for 5 minutes, and then the weight was measured to measure the increase in weight. The test was carried out (December 52 of the Ministry of Transport, Transport, and Transport, No. 52).

In addition, the same amount of calcined soil was allowed to stand on the oil surface at 20 ° C. for 5 minutes, transferred to a wire mesh, and left for 5 minutes, and then the weight was measured to measure the increase in weight to test the oil absorption performance. Chief Master-Dol-Hun 52. 2. 1).

Finally, the same amount of calcined soil was placed on the surface of water at 20 ° C. with oil (oil) for 5 minutes, transferred to a wire mesh and left for 5 minutes, and then the weight was measured to measure the increase in weight. Was tested against.

Example 2

Water-repellent and oil-repellent pores by the same method as in Example 1 using dry bread slices having a thickness of 10 to 15 mm as the porous structure, and 88.01% of commercial silicon dioxide as the water-repellent material and commercial acrylic monomer aqueous solution as the adhesive. The structure was prepared.

In the same manner as in Example 1, a test on water repellent performance, oil absorption performance, and mixed oil absorption performance was performed on the prepared oil absorbent bread.

Test results of Examples 1 and 2 are shown in Table 1 below.

Absorption test Oil absorption test Mixed oil absorption test Example 1 2.80 g / ℓ 320 g / ℓ 333 g / ℓ Example 2 2.75 g / ℓ 473 g / ℓ 487 g / ℓ

As can be seen from the test results, the porous structures of the present invention have been found to have an extremely small amount of water absorption compared to the oil absorption, and has excellent water repellency along with oil absorption.

In the case of the mixed oil absorption test, the increase in total absorption slightly from the oil absorption test is considered to be an increase in the weight due to water buried with oil.

In the porous structure of the present invention, silicon dioxide having water repellent performance is adhered to the surface by an adhesive material, thereby providing excellent water repellency and oil absorption.

In particular, the porous structure of the present invention does not go into water even after adsorbing oil, does not generate environmental pollutants in the incineration process after oil adsorption, and can be stored for a long time, and the conventional oil absorbent material is While the product is made of special material manufactured to have water repellency, the porous structure of the present invention is a water-repellent treatment of the surface of a general material, and there are no big restrictions on the material, so that various materials of low cost can be used, so even a low manufacturing cost The advantage is that it is possible to manufacture.

Claims (6)

A water-repellent and oil-repellent porous structure in which silicon dioxide particles are adhered onto a surface by an acrylic resin-hexane solution or an acrylic monomer aqueous solution adhesive. The method of claim 1, 10 to 20 g of silicon dioxide particles adhered to the surface with respect to 100 g of the porous structure. The method according to claim 1 or 2, Porous structure, characterized in that the porous structure is a perlite. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The porous structure, characterized in that the porous structure is vermiculite. The method according to claim 1 or 2, Porous structure, characterized in that the porous structure is pumice. The method according to claim 1 or 2, Porous structure, characterized in that the porous structure is calcined soil.