KR20020092830A - Fence for absorbing impact and method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A shock-absorbing fence and the shock-absorbing method are provided to achieve high shock-absorbing performance, and restrict overhang quantity sideways in receiving shock. CONSTITUTION: A shock-absorbing fence comprises columns(20) vertically provided at a specified interval from each other, and plural protective loops(30) of rope material of such a length that are wound between the columns and held by a shock absorbing member(40) close to end parts of the rope material to leave excessive length parts(31). The protective loops are horizontally wound between the columns in multiple stages.

Description

Fence for absorbing impact and method

The present invention relates to a shock absorbing book and a shock absorbing method for absorbing impact forces such as rockfall, avalanche, earth and sand collapse.

The shock absorbing book has basic pillars which are installed on the inclined surface at predetermined intervals, and a protective net of rope material which is horizontally arranged between the pillars.

As a protection net, a "slip type" that absorbs an impact by a sliding resistance between a rope and a buffer hole using a friction-resistant shock absorber and a "non-slip type" that do not slide are known.

The slip type has a form in which a buffer port e is provided at an intersection of the ropes d intersected as shown in FIG. 17, and a plurality of buffers provided in each support f as shown in FIG. The end and middle portions of the horizontal rope g are held between the spheres e, and both ends of the horizontal rope g are formed in the buffer opening e in units of the respective shores f and f as shown in FIG. Gripping forms are known.

The conventional shock absorbing book has the following problems.

1) The non-slip type has a low shock absorption performance due to the protective net compared to the slip type, and the entire book must be designed in a large size and a large capacity.

2) The slip type increases the amount of deformation of the protective net when the non-slip type is impacted. Therefore, when the installation site of the book approaches various transportation facilities (roads or tracks) or houses, the employment is suspended. The installation site will be restricted.

In addition, since a large number of buffer ports are used, a lot of trouble and time is required for the installation work of the buffer ports and the gripping of the rope.

3) As a common difficulty for both types, there is a single protection net and a limit on the diameter of the rope that can be used. Therefore, there is a limit to a significant improvement in shock absorption performance.

4) In the case where the protective net has a plurality of horizontal ropes arranged in multiple stages at predetermined intervals, it is necessary to take measures to prevent gaps between the horizontal ropes, but no suitable technique has yet been proposed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a shock absorbing technology capable of exhibiting a high shock absorbing performance while constantly regulating the gap between ropes.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The front view of the shock absorption book which shows Example 1 of this invention.

2 is a perspective view of a support post and a protective loop winding portion, with some portions thereof omitted.

3 is a perspective view of the buffer port;

4 is a center cross-sectional view of the buffer port.

5 is a perspective view showing the installation state of the upper portion of the connection member omitted.

6 is a perspective view showing a fastening structure of an intersection portion of a connecting member and a protective loop.

7 is an explanatory view of the operation of the shock absorbing book.

8 is a front view of the shock absorbing book when subjected to an impact.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of IX-IX in FIG. 8; FIG.

FIG. 10 is a model diagram for explaining the elongation amount of a rope of a contrasting book, a model diagram before FIG. 10A is impacted, and FIG. 10B after an impact.

Fig. 11 is a model diagram for explaining the elongation amount of a protective loop, a model diagram before Fig. 11A is impacted, and a model diagram after Fig. 11B is impacted.

Fig. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing a wound form of another protective loop wound in an eight shape;

Fig. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing a wound form of another protective loop wound around a rope;

Fig. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing a wound form of another protective loop in which a large amount of rope is wound between posts;

Fig. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing a wound form of another protective loop wound by zigzag rope between posts;

Fig. 16 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment in which a protective loop is laterally provided on one side of a support, Fig. 16A is a plan view of a shock absorbing book with a part omitted, and Fig. 16B is a front view with a part omitted.

17 is an explanatory diagram of a protection net on which the present invention is based;

18 is an explanatory diagram of a shock absorbing book under the present invention.

Figure 19 is an explanatory view of yet another shock absorbing measure presupposed by the present invention.

※ Explanation of code for main part of drawing ※

10: shock absorber (柵) 20: prop

30: protective loop 31: extra parts

32: stopper 40: buffer

50: connecting member

<Example 1>

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiment of this invention is described, referring drawings.

1) Composition of shock absorbing book

1, the side view which looked at the mountain side from the valley side of the impact absorption book 10 which broke a part is shown.

The shock absorbing book 10 of the present invention includes a plurality of struts 20 which are installed at predetermined intervals, a protective loop 30 which is rolled up and rolled up between these struts 20 and 20, and a protective loop. A basic component is a frictional resistance buffer port 40 held around the end of 30 and a connecting member 50 provided over each of the protective loops 30.

In this example, the upper pole of each strut 20 is connected with a horizontal pole 60, and at the same time, a case in which a rhombic metal mesh 70 is mounted on one side of the protective loop group 30 is described. In some cases, the horizontal rod 60 may omit the metal mesh 70.

2) prop

As shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 2, the strut 20 may be, for example, a steel tube, a concrete-filled steel tube, a concrete column, an elastic column, or the like, and form a curved surface on which the protective loop 30 is to be wound.

On the side surface of the support 20, U-shaped positioning projections 21 are provided in multiple stages along the longitudinal direction, and the protective loops 30 are inserted through the positioning projections 21 to prevent slipping. do.

More preferably, the narrower the pitch of formation of the positioning projection 21 toward the upper side of the support 20, the better the capture response to the falling rocks of small diameter.

Specifically, in consideration of the expected size of the rockfall, the difference between the avalanche and the rockfall, etc., an excretion interval in the vertical direction of the protective loop 30 is appropriately selected and determined. It may also be a groove instead of a projection.

In addition, although the lower part of the support 20 may be supported so that it may not fall to the ground or a concrete base, it may be made to support it with hardness by employing a hinge structure.

In the case where the strut 20 is configured to be capable of hardness, it is necessary to combine the strut 20 with the pull rope through the buffer hole.

3) Protective roof

The protective loop 30 is a rope having excellent tensile strength, for example, a PC steel wire, a steel wire than the PC, and is wound in a loop shape so as not to loosen horizontally between neighboring struts 20 and 20, The polymerization section near both ends is gripped by the buffer port 40. A stopper is provided at the end of the rope to restrict the escape from the buffer port 40.

Rope ranges extending from the gripping positions of the buffer holes 40 of the protective loops 30 are formed as extra portions 31 and 31. By the set lengths of the extra parts 31 and 31, the sliding (slip) distance of the protective loop 30 at the time of an impact is determined.

When there are three or more pillars 20, the protective loops 30 and 30 are wound in both directions to each pillar 20 positioned between the terminal holders except for the pillars of the terminal.

It is hypothesized to wind the protective loop 30 in a lateral direction so that each strut 20 has a shared relationship with the left and right protective loops 30 and 30.

In addition, if it is to secure the shock absorbing performance of the same degree as a conventional book that has been laid horizontally between the ropes, the rope constituting the protective loop 30 is arranged in multiple, and the force in the range of the loop formation Since it is possible to transmit and disperse, the rope diameter of the protective loop 30 can be reduced.

4) buffer

The shock absorber 40 is a mechanism that grips the polymerized portion of the protective loop 30 and allows the sliding of the rope to attenuate the impact force when the tensile force acting on the protective loop 30 exceeds the frictional resistance of the gripping portion.

3 and 4, the shock absorbing opening 40 is formed of a restraining plate 41 formed in a cross-sectional bulb shape by folding the center of the elastic steel sheet, and inserted into the restraining plate 41, and the inner space. By dividing, the partition plate 42 which secures the accommodation space of the rope and the free end of the restriction plate 41 are fastened in the contracting direction, and the protection rope 30 is provided by the restriction plate 41 and the partition plate 42. It consists of a plurality of bolts 43 and nuts 44 which are fastened by folding.

Then, the clamping force of the bolts acting on the restraint plate 41 is applied to both ropes with an equal restraint force, and the frictional resistance of the contact portion between the restraint plate 41 and the partition plate 42 pressed against the peripheral surface of each rope is applied. The structure is capable of damping the tensile force acting on the rope.

The illustrated buffer port 40 is formed by a single plate body, which can be restrained with an equal force by using the elastic force of the restraining plate 41, and compared with the conventional cast iron buffer device, which is a weight of several tens of kilograms. Because of its small size and light weight, there is an advantage that it is easy to carry or attach.

As the shock absorber 40, in addition to the above-mentioned, a well-known friction-resistant shock absorber which consists of a several board | plate material which can hold the superposition | polymerization part of the protection loop 30, and the bolt which can be fastened between these board | plate materials can also be used.

5) connector

The connecting member 50 is a thin strip-like or rod-shaped member that exhibits a wave shape and has a length that can be attached over the plurality of protective loops 30.

Arranging the connecting member 50 over the plurality of protective loops (30, 30), to maintain the installation interval of each of the protective loop 30, and to transfer the force between the neighboring protective loops (30) In order to prevent the ropes before and after each protective loop 30 from permeating, and to divide a small insect space (area) of the protective loop 30 arranged in multiple stages so as to easily receive a small collision object. It is for.

Further, the wave shape is for absorbing the impact energy by deformation in the extending direction of the connecting member 50 at the time of water reception, as indicated by the arrow in the longitudinal direction in FIG. 6.

When the wave portions located between the neighboring protective loops 30 extend in a straight line, the interval between the protective loops 30 becomes the maximum, and the distance between the neighboring protective loops 30 is greater. Regulate what happens.

Therefore, it is advantageous to form the wave form of the connecting member 50 continuously over the entire length as shown in the present example, but a wave-like portion is formed in a part of the linear connecting member 50. You may also do it.

As the material of the connecting member 50, for example, a material for plastic deformation such as steel or a material for elastic deformation such as elastic steel can be used, and the material is not particularly limited.

In the attachment of the connecting member 50, the upper ends of the pair of connecting members 50 and 50 which face each other on the lower end of the branch member 51 drooping on the horizontal rod 60 as shown in FIG. Connect.

A branch plate 51 and each connecting member 50 may be formed integrally with a continuous material, or a separate body may be welded, but as shown, a water plate serving as a U-shaped gap retaining material disposed inside. Each of the ropes 52 and 52 may be connected in combination with an acceptable U bolt 53 and a nut 54.

That is, the bolt hole is formed in the polymerization part of the three members of the connecting member 50, the branch member 51, and the water plate 52. The U bolt 53 which welded the rope is inserted into these three members 50, 51, and 52, and it fastens with the nut 54. As shown in FIG.

As for the other protective loop 30 except for the uppermost, as shown in FIG. 6, the cross between the rope and the connecting member 50 arranged in multiple stages by the combination of the rectangular water plate 55, the U bolt 53 and the nut 54. Keep wealth.

Each rope of the protective loop 30 is accommodated in the curved portion of the connecting member 50 and fastened by the U bolt 53 to secure a wide contact area with the rope circumferential surface.

If the fastening force is set to be relatively slidable when an external force exceeding the fastening force is applied to any of the ropes and the connecting member 50, it is also possible to absorb energy by this sliding resistance.

[Action]

Next, the shock absorbing effect in the case where the various impact forces F act on the shock absorbing book 10 from the upper side to the lower side in FIG. 7 will be described.

1) Initial collision

The impact force F acts on the front surface (the side which does not install the shock absorber 40) of the protective loop 30 arrange | positioned in multiple stages through the metal mesh 70. As shown in FIG.

This impact force F is transmitted to the back surface of the protective loop 30 (the side where the shock absorber 40 is installed) through the portion wound around the support 20, and is evenly distributed over the entire length of the loop of the protective loop 30. Acts as a tensile force.

Further, since the connecting member 50 intersects with the plurality of protective loops 30 and 30 arranged in multiple stages, the connecting member 50 can be partitioned small.

In the range where this tensile force does not exceed the gripping force of the buffer opening 40 of the protective loop 30, sliding does not arise in a rope, and therefore the loop length of the protective loop 30 does not change.

Since the neighboring protective loops 30 and 30 can transmit the force through the support 20, the impact force F is applied to the protection loop 30 or the support 20 of the portion where the impact force F does not directly act. Is transmitted and distributed and supported by the plurality of protective loops 30 and the plurality of posts 20.

2) shock absorption

Although the impact force F can be absorbed to some extent by the deformation strength of the metal mesh 70 and the protective loop 30, the shock absorption book 10 in the present invention is mainly used for a plurality of shock absorption actions shown later. This is to absorb the impact force (F).

① Shock absorbing action by deformation of connecting material

The impact force (F) acts as a force to widen by pressing the gap between the upper and lower protective loops 30. When this force exceeds the deformation strength of the connecting member 50, as shown in Fig. 6, the connecting member 50 deforms and extends by a certain length. The impact force F is absorbed by the deformation resistance at the time of extension of this connecting member 50.

With the extension of the connecting member 50, the interval between the upper and lower protective loops 30 and 30 becomes slightly wider. However, when the extension of the connecting member reaches the maximum, the interval between the protective loops 30 is constantly regulated.

② Shock absorption by sliding of connecting material and rope

Impact force (F) acts as a force to shift the rope and the connecting member 50 of the protective loop 30 in the cross relationship along the rope.

When this force exceeds the fastening force for fastening the intersection of the rope of the protective loop 30 and the connection material 50, it slides between both members 30 and 50, and absorbs the impact force F by this sliding resistance.

③ Shock absorption by buffer

When the impact force F exceeds the gripping force of the shock absorbing port 40, the impact force F is slid (slip) between the rope constituting the protective loop 30 and the shock absorbing port 40, and the frictional resistance during sliding causes the impact force F to fail. It absorbs effectively.

④ Shock absorption due to sliding resistance between protective loop and strut

With the start of the sliding between the rope and the buffer port 40, the loop length of the protective loop 30 becomes long, and the sliding occurs even in a portion where the protective loop 30 and the side surface of the support 20 are wound. . The absorption of the impact force F also proceeds by the frictional resistance of the winding portion.

The above-described plurality of shock absorbing actions are possible until the extra parts 31 and 31 are shortened so that the stopper contacts the buffer opening 40.

3) Other actions of the connecting material

The connecting member 50 not only helps to absorb the impact force (F) but also acts as follows.

As shown in Fig. 8, with the extension of the protective loop 30, the pair of connecting members 50 and 50 are pulled in opposite directions by the ropes, respectively, and folded and deformed in the transverse direction. As a result, the pair of connecting members 50 and 50 which have been superimposed on each other before being impacted are opened to each other, thereby further changing the division range of each of the protective loops 30 and 30 arranged in multiple stages.

Therefore, when the impact force F is a rockfall, the following small rockfall is prevented from being penetrated and buffered in the same manner.

9 is a sectional view of a book when the protective loops 30, 30 arranged in multiple stages are extended and bulged out laterally.

Among the protective loops 30 and 30 arranged in multiple stages, the connecting member 50 on the right side of the drawing arranged on the front side abuts against the ropes 30b and 30c on the back side and restricts further protrusion.

Moreover, when the rope 30a of the front side which comprises the protection loop 30 protrudes laterally, there are few cases which move horizontally horizontally, and it moves in any direction up and down. Therefore, the rope 30a on the front side is dug between the ropes 30b and 30c on the rear side, and the ropes are arranged laterally at intervals narrower than the installation intervals of the protective loop 30. That is, compared with before the action of the impact force F, the spacing of the ropes 30a and 30b is substantially narrowed.

In the above, it was described on the basis of the rope on the front side for convenience, but another rope is dug in between the ropes in the same way even on the rope on the back side.

When the spacing of the transverse ropes is narrowed, not only the load burden on the metal net 70 can be reduced, but also the trapping ability of the small diameter rock is improved.

4) The reason why the rope's ejection amount is small

In addition, as described below, the shock absorbing book 10 in the present invention may have a small ejection amount in the lateral direction of the protective loop 30.

Fig. 10 shows a model diagram of a single-type contrast shock absorber configured by fixing one end to each strut and holding a rope and gripping the center of the polymerization portion of both ropes with a buffer hole (not shown).

Here, FIG. 10A shows a state before being impacted, and FIG. 10B shows a state after being impacted. When the distance L between the posts is 6 m and the distance 1 of the extra part of the rope is 0.5 m, for example, the elongation amount Δy ₁ of the rope after the impact is 1.25 m.

Fig. 11 shows a model diagram of the shock absorbing book in the present invention in which a protective loop is provided between each strut, where Fig. 11A shows a state before being impacted, and Fig. 11B shows a state after being impacted. .

When the distance L between the posts is 6 m, for example, and the distance 1 of the extra part of the rope is 0.5 m, the elongation amount? Y ₂ of the rope after the impact is 0.875 m. In order to simplify the calculation, however, the length of the winding part of the protective loop was ignored.

Thus, when the sliding amount (energy absorption amount) is the same, the elongation amount of the rope is advantageous in the case where the protective loop 30 is smaller as in the present invention, and the impact absorbing book 10 is provided at the edge of the road.

In addition, the impact absorbing book 10 according to the present invention is not only capable of reducing the diameter of the rope but also excellent in shear strength compared with the single type.

<Example 2>

Although another embodiment will be described below, in the description, the same portions as in the above-described embodiment 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The pair of connecting members 50 and 50 may be attached to the plurality of protective loops 30 and 30 without using the branch material 51. By attaching in this way, the branch material 51 can be omitted, and it is possible to reduce the number of components and simplify the installation work.

In addition, in Example 1 described above, the case where a pair of connecting members 50 and 50 are used as a pair on both the front and rear surfaces of the plurality of protective loops 30 and 30 has been described. It may be installed on either the front (recipient side) or the rear side of the side. It is suitable when the impact force F acting is small.

In addition, the connecting member 50 is not limited to one continuous sheet, but may be arranged so as to arrange a plurality of connecting members divided along the height direction of the book. By dividing the connecting member 50, conveyance and combinatoriality are improved.

In addition, the connecting member 50 may be disposed in the oblique direction and attached to the protective loops 30 and 30. In the arrangement | positioning form of the connection material 50, in one surface of the protective loops 30 and 30, it arrange | positions so that the inclination direction may correspond to the same direction, or it arrange | positions changing the mutual inclination directions like wave shape. Further, the inclined direction may be arranged on the front and rear surfaces of the protective loops 30 and 30.

<Example 3>

The protective loop 30 may be a winding form shown below.

In addition, disposing and installing the connecting member 50 is the same as the above-described embodiment.

FIG. 12 shows yet another embodiment in which the protective loop 30 is disposed in a planar eight shape between the pillars 20 and 20.

In this example, since the winding angle (winding length) of the protective loop 30 relative to the support 20 is longer than that of the first embodiment, the sliding resistance at the time of an impact can be increased, thereby improving the shock absorption performance. .

In addition, as shown in FIG. 13, when the protective loop 30 is wound once or several times on the circumferential surface of the pillar 20, the sliding resistance between the protective loop 30 and the pillar 20 is increased to further increase the shock absorption performance. Can be.

In addition, FIG. 14 shows another form using the protective loop 30 having a length that allows the rope to be wound two or more times at the same height between the pillars 20 and 20.

15 shows another form in which the rope constituting the protective loop 30 is zigzagly wound two or more times along the longitudinal direction of the pillars 20 and 20.

In this example, the dispersibility of the impact force is improved by the increase in the number of turns of the protective loop 30.

Fig. 16 shows another embodiment in which winding projections 22 for winding are provided in multiple stages on one side of the pillars 20 and 20, and the protective loop 30 is wound between these adjacent projections 22 and 22. Indicates.

In the present example, one protective loop 30 is wound around one protrusion 22, but the protective loops 30 and 30 on the left and right sides of the support 20 are wound together on one protrusion 21. The gas 21 may be shared.

In addition, the protective loop 30 is disposed on the side facing the water-receiving direction of the support 20 so that the protective loop 30 does not come out when it is impacted, or a bulge is formed at the tip of the projection 22. It is desirable to form or leave.

When the protective loop 30 is used for the shock absorbing book, there are advantages as follows.

1) Since the protective loop 30 having a cushioning function is wound between the pillars 20 and 20, the dispersion of the impact force and the shear strength can be improved, and a shock absorbing measure with high impact absorption performance can be provided.

2) Compared with a book in which a flat protective net is arranged, the amount of eruption of the protection loop 30 can be reduced, which is advantageous in the case of installation in a site where the amount of elongation is limited, such as a road edge. .

3) Since the number of uses of the buffer opening 40 is minimal, the time, effort, and economic burden required for the construction of the book can be greatly reduced.

4) Since the dispersing performance of the impact force increases in proportion to the number of windings of the protective loop 30, the shock absorbing performance of the entire book can be remarkably improved.

<Example 4>

The above has described the case where the connecting member 50 is installed in the shock absorbing book formed by winding the protective loops 30 and 30 between the struts. It may be applied to a variety of known shock absorbing books.

In this case, a wave-shaped connection member is arranged in the cross direction of the ropes across the plurality of ropes arranged in multiple stages, and the ropes, each connection member, and the intersection portions provided in the stages are fastened by fasteners.

It is the same as the above-mentioned embodiment to absorb the shock by the plastic deformation of the connection material and the buffer action by the sliding resistance with the rope, while constantly regulating the gap between the ropes by the connection material.

In this example, the present invention can be applied to an existing or newly installed impact absorbing book in which a plurality of ropes are arranged in multiple stages between struts, thereby providing abundant versatility.

In addition, the shock absorbing performance is significantly improved only by arranging the connecting member.

The present invention can obtain the following effects.

1) Since a protective loop having a cushioning function is wound between struts, the dispersion of impact force and shear strength can be improved, and a shock absorber with high impact absorption performance can be provided.

2) Compared with a book that has a flat guard net, the amount of shielding loops can be reduced, which is advantageous in the case of installation on sites where the amount of shielding is limited.

3) Since the number of uses of the buffer port is minimal, the time, effort and economic burden required for the construction of the book can be greatly reduced.

4) Since the dispersion performance of the impact force increases in proportion to the number of windings of the protective loop, the shock absorption performance of the entire book can be dramatically improved.

5) By intersecting a plurality of ropes or protective loops, by installing a wave-like connecting material, it is possible to prevent the rope from spreading and to absorb shocks effectively by plastic deformation of the connecting material.

Claims (8)

The prop which I stood up at a predetermined interval and installed, It is made of a plurality of protective loops having a cushioning function gripped close to the end of the rope member having a length that can be wound between the struts, A shock absorbing book characterized in that the protective loop is rolled up multiplely between the pillars. A plurality of props which I stood up at a predetermined interval and installed, A horizontal pole connected between the upper portions of neighboring shores, It consists of a plurality of protective loops formed by gripping with a buffer hole near the end of the rope material having a length that can be wound between neighboring shores, leaving extra parts, A shock absorbing book characterized in that a protective loop is rolled up in a chain between neighboring landowners while sharing the landowners. The shock absorbing book according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a protective loop is serially wound and rolled up between neighboring support posts while sharing the support posts. The shock absorbing book according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the protective loop has a rope length which can be wound several times between struts. The thing of Claim 1 or 2 WHEREIN: A wave-shaped connection material is arrange | positioned toward the crossing direction of a rope over the several rope arrange | positioned in multiple stages, and the said multistage arrange | positioned rope and this connection material and the intersection part were fastened with a fastener. Shock absorption book characterized in that. The shock absorbing book according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the protective loop has a rope length which can be wound several times between the pillars. A protective loop is formed by forming an extra part and gripping with a buffer hole near the end of the rope member having a length that can be wound between the uprights installed at a predetermined interval. A shock absorbing method characterized by absorbing a shock by the buffering action of the protective loop rolled up and rolled between the pillars and the sliding resistance of the protective loop and the pillar. The protective loop is slidably gripped near the end of the rope to form a protective loop, Winding the protective loop in multiple stages between struts installed up at a predetermined interval, While arranging the connecting member in the cross direction on one side or both sides of the plurality of protective loops, the intersection of the protective loop and the connecting member is fastened by a fastener, Shock absorbing by the buffering action by the protective loop, the sliding resistance of the protective loop and the support, and the buffering action by the plastic deformation of the connecting member, Shock absorbing method, characterized in that to limit the gap between the rope constant by the connecting material.