KR20020081838A - Engine using vane rotor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: An engine using a vane rotor is provided to realize a high efficiency in energy while simplifying structure thereof. CONSTITUTION: A suction and a compression strokes are performed in a compression part(1) composed of a vane compressor(4). Fuel is burnt in a combustion part(2), composed of a combustor(5) performing continuous combustion and used in a gas turbine engine, and an expansion stroke is performed by expanding the compressed air in the vane compressor by heating the compressed air with high temperature heat generated in fuel combustion process. The expanded combustion gas of high temperature and pressure operates a motor part(3) composed of a vane motor(6) so as to generate useful rotation force and discharge the gas. Some of power generated in the above cycle is used for operating the vane compressor.

Description

Engine using vane rotor

The present invention relates to an engine, and in particular, after performing a suction process and a compression process of air in a compression unit made of a vane compressor, the fuel is combusted by a combustion unit composed of a combustor which performs continuous combustion used in a gas turbine engine. After performing the expansion process by heating and expanding the air compressed in the compression section by the high temperature heat generated therein, the expanded high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas turns the motor unit made of the vane motor to generate a rotational force and exhaust it at the same time, It relates to an engine using a vane rotor to drive the vane compressor as part of.

Today's reciprocating internal combustion engines, including car engines, are a vital civilization in life. Not only is the quantity produced, but also the fuel used makes up a large percentage of the total energy, which requires a reduction in fuel consumption and technological progress towards a low pollution engine. The reciprocating heat engine, created from the Otto cycle gasoline engine and the Diesel cycle diesel engine, is the most reliable engine ever developed. It is used as an engine. However, these cycle engine cycles and their components have the following implications and disadvantages.

The cycle process of these engines is through the reciprocating movement of the piston inside the cylinder. The reciprocating motion is a stop and a motion at the top dead center and the bottom dead center. Reciprocating motion seems to be a waste of power compared to rotational motion according to the law of inertia. In addition, the intake, compression, expansion, and exhaust processes in the cylinder are both intermittent and the flow of exhaust gas is intermittent, suggesting that it seems to be less efficient compared to other engine cycles. . In addition, the cycle process of these reciprocating engines is continuously burned and has the following disadvantages compared to other engines in which the cycle process is performed through rotational motion.

One). Engine vibration occurs due to the reciprocating motion.

2). The waste of power due to the intermittent production of power and the flywheel attached for smooth movement, the difficulty of decelerating and braking the engine, and the weight of the engine increase.

3). By dividing the engine into one cylinder from vibration and intermittent power production, the engine increases by increasing the number of components, increasing the complexity of the structure, consuming power for driving the components and increasing the engine weight. .

4). Power continues to be consumed in the production of ignition electricity due to intermittent combustion, and in the case of diesel engines, a robust design with a high compression ratio to achieve compression ignition and thus the engine weight increases.

5). Suction, compression, expansion, and exhaust processes in one place, resulting in low operating speeds.

6). Since the air sucked in the hotly heated cylinder is compressed, the air is heated before compression, reducing engine efficiency due to the increase in the compression work.

7). Other cycle engines can improve the thermal efficiency of the engine by regenerating the compressed air by preheating the compressed air using the waste heat remaining in the exhaust gas. In the reciprocating engine, compressed air is not preheated.

8). It has a low efficiency characteristic because it has a structure that cannot use the engine's cooling heat for the engine output.

9). Long engine development periods and increased development costs caused by high component count and complexity of equipment. Long production lines and long production times for many components are required.

Most of the shortcomings of the Otto and Diesel cycles can be overcome by adopting the Brayton cycle gas turbine engine which performs the cycle through perfect rotational movement. It has structural features and disadvantages.

One). Since the front face of the engine is circular, the efficiency and power are significantly reduced in the case of small engines with small power.

2). The efficiency of the engine is low compared to the reciprocating engine except when flying at high speed in the air.

3). It is difficult to be used as an engine of a car because it is difficult to place in a small space by performing various intake, compression, expansion, and exhaust processes linearly along the shaft.

4). Difficulties in attaching the air purifier at the inlet and attaching the silencer for suppressing the noise generated at the exhaust nozzle significantly reduce engine efficiency.

The structural characteristics of the gas turbine engine as described above are limited in operation on the ground with various obstacles, and in particular, it is not adopted as an engine of an automobile, and is limited to a special use of the engine and the ground of an aircraft.

As described above, progress is required in a new type of engine that can solve the problems of the reciprocating engine and the gas turbine engine.

New forms of engine research have made significant progress, along with efforts to improve fuel combustion efficiency, but these efforts have not reached the point of replacing gasoline and diesel engines.

In particular, the structure and cycle of the Wankel rotary engine is a very creative technology, and the internal combustion engine which does not reciprocate but rotates through the transformation of the Otto cycle engine of the gasoline engine has many problems of the above engines. In part, it is currently used as the engine of some cars.

However, the Wankel engine also has the following disadvantages.

One). Abrasion due to the direct friction between the rotor and the casing makes it difficult to maintain airtightness and makes it difficult to manufacture rotor parts.

2). Difficulties in preventing heat deformation and difficulty in lubricating the engine.

3). There is difficulty in maintenance.

4). It is not eccentric rotation but eccentric rotation.

Due to the problems and unresolved problems of the Wankel engine, the reciprocating engine cannot be completely replaced.

The present invention has been made to solve the problems of the actual reciprocating engines currently used, continuous combustion process through the deformation of the gas turbine engine Brayton cycle engine that performs a complete rotational motion and continuous combustion process Light and simple structure that enables continuous power generation, complete rotational movement, arbitrary placement of components, and cycles with small, very small components, in particular, cycles that can be mounted on the engine of a vehicle and The engine is designed to improve fuel and engine efficiency.

The present invention also provides an engine having various functions and structures according to the purpose of increasing the utilization and efficiency of various fuels by configuring an external combustion engine and an internal combustion / external combustion combustion engine through the replacement and various combinations of engine components. For the purpose of

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention burns fuel in a combustion unit composed of a combustor which uses a gas turbine engine and performs continuous combustion after performing an air suction process and a compression process in a compression unit composed of a vane compressor. After performing the expansion process by heating and expanding the compressed air in the vane compressor by the high temperature heat generated by the high-temperature heat, the expanded high-temperature, high-pressure combustion gas turns the motor unit made of the vane motor to generate a useful rotational force and exhaust at the same time It provides an internal combustion engine for driving the vane compressor with a portion of the power generated as a result of the cycle.

The present invention also performs a process of inhaling and compressing a fluid by using a vane compressor, and then performing an expansion process of heating and expanding a compressed internal fluid that penetrates the inside of the heat exchanger with combustion heat generated from a combustor outside the system. Thereafter, the expanded fluid rotates the vane motor to generate a useful rotational force and is exhausted at the same time, thereby providing an external combustion engine in which the vane compressor is driven by part of the output generated by the vane motor.

In addition, the present invention after performing the process of inhaling and compressing air with the vane compressor, and by expanding the compressed air passing through the inside of the heat exchanger by the heat of combustion of the fuel made in the external combustor which is the combustion method of the external combustion engine, Secondary heat expansion and expansion by combustion heat of fuel combusted in the internal combustor, which is an engine combustion method, rotates the vane motor at this pressure to generate and exhaust useful rotational force, and drives a part of the output generated from the vane motor to the compressor. Provides a combination of internal and external combustion engines.

1a and 1b is a schematic configuration diagram of an internal combustion engine engine according to the present invention,

2A and 2B are diagrams illustrating the structure and function of the vane compressor and the vane motor, respectively.

Figure 3 is an embodiment schematically showing a preheating device using the waste heat of the exhaust gas applied to the engine of the present invention,

4A, 4B and 4C are various layout views of the internal combustion engine according to the present invention;

5 is a schematic diagram connecting the connection of the vane compressor and the vane motor with a clutch,

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram showing the basic devices forming an external combustion engine as an engine according to another embodiment of the present invention,

7 is a conceptual diagram of an internal and external composite engine according to another embodiment of the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: compression part 2: combustion part

3: motor unit 4: vane compressor

5: burner 6: vane motor

7: compressed air engine 8: combustor liner

9: fuel injection nozzle 10: spark plug

11: axis of rotation 12: rotor

13: vane 14: housing

15: spring 16: vane insertion groove

17: fuel supply pipe 18: combustion gas pipe

21: preheating device 22: bypass air engine

23: cooling tube 24: clutch bearing

26: idle motor 27: output motor

29: relief valve 30: heat exchanger

34 belt or chain 35 exhaust gas pipe

36: suction air pipe 38: primary compressor

39: secondary compressor 40: power shaft

41: external combustor 42: secondary heat exchanger

43: 3rd heat exchanger

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so as not to limit the scope of the present invention.

Internal combustion engine

1A and 1B are schematic structural diagrams of devices constituting the internal combustion engine of the present invention, which are largely divided into three parts. That is, a compression unit 1 for performing a suction and compression process, a combustion unit 2 for burning fuel to expand air with its combustion heat, and a motor unit 3 for generating useful power from the expanded combustion gas. It is composed.

The compression unit 1 and the motor unit 3 of the present invention are composed of a vane compressor and a vane motor, respectively, and the structure and function thereof are as follows.

2A and 2B are cross-sectional views illustrating the structure of the vane compressor constituting the compression unit 1 and the vane motor constituting the motor unit 3, respectively. . The rotor 12 inside the vane compressor 4 and the vane motor 6 is driven by the rotation of the shaft 11 and has a plurality of vane inserting grooves 16, and the vane inserting grooves 16 of the rotor 12. The vane 13 is fitted with a spring 15 to push the vane 13 upward from the bottom of the insertion groove 16. The vane 13, having a force to extend out of the rotor 12 by the spring 15, slid into contact with the inner surface of the circular outer casing 14, whose origin is different from the drive shaft 11, rotates to compress the fluid (vane compressor) By the energy of the expanded fluid (vane motor), useful torque is obtained.

In the present invention, the vane motor 6 has a section A in which the vanes 13 extend along the inner surface of the casing 14 by the spring 15 in the insertion groove 16 when the shaft 11 rotates in the same direction. ) Obtains useful rotational energy from the compressed fluid.

Due to the reduction in the inner surface of the casing (14), the vane (13) pushes the spring (15) and enters the insertion groove (16) by compressing by reducing the volume of the fluid.

Therefore, in the same rotational direction, the vane compressor 4 performs a compressor function by using a compression section B, and on the contrary, the vane motor 6 has a structure using a power generation section A. It performs the function of a motor that generates energy from the fluid. Therefore, the inverse function of the compressor 4 becomes the function of the motor 6.

The amount of fluid compressed in the compressor 4 or the amount of fluid generating energy in the motor 6 is determined by the volume of the space between the vanes 13 and vanes 13.

The volume and pressure of the fluid filling the space between the vanes 13 corresponds to the required power required to drive the compressor 4 and to the output generated by the motor 6.

Hereinafter, in this specification, the vane compressor 4 is abbreviated as a compressor, and the vane motor 6 is abbreviated as a motor.

The expansion process of the present invention has the same function and structure as the combustor currently used in the gas turbine engine. The combustor of the gas turbine engine performs a continuous combustion process, and expands the volume by heating the compressed air by the high temperature heat generated by burning the fuel.

Oxygen in the air compressed by the compressor (4) enables the combustion of the fuel injected from the fuel nozzle (9) in the combustor, the compressed air is expanded by the heat of combustion. After the engine is ignited by the electric spark of the spark plug 10 at the start of the engine, since the injection of fuel is continued, combustion is continuously performed by the combustion flame.

Can, annular, and can annular combustors used in gas turbine engines and combustors of reverse flow type can be adopted as combustors of this engine. Can be. Hereinafter, in the present specification, the combustors are abbreviated as the combustor 5.

The cycle process of the engine of the present invention and the device forming the cycle are as follows.

(a) The suction process and the compression process use the vane compressor (4) to suck outside air and simultaneously compress it. Part of the motor 6 power that results from the cycling process rotates the compressor 4. The air compressed by the compressor (4) is sent to the combustion section (2) along the compressed air engine (7) coupled to the compression section (1).

(b) The expansion process is carried out using the combustor 5 having the same function as the combustor of the gas turbine engine as described above. Some of the compressed air in the compressor 4 supplies oxygen for burning fuel injected from the combustor 5 to produce hot combustion gas. In addition, the other part of the compressed air cools the combustor 5 heated by combustion heat, enters the liner 8 hole, mixes with the hot combustion gas, and heats and expands.

The expansion of the combustion gas through the above process is made in the sealed space by the vanes 13 of the compressor 4 and the vanes 13 of the motor 6, so that the pressure changes. The combustion gas having the increased pressure is sent to the motor unit 3 that passes through the combustion gas pipe 18 and generates the power.

(c) The motor unit 3 generates power by pushing the vane 13 inside the motor 6 by the combustion gas whose pressure is increased through the expansion process.

By performing the reverse process of the compressor 4, the motor 6 functions. The combustion gas of the expanded and high pressure rotates the vane motor 6 to generate useful power and simultaneously exhausts a series of cycles. do.

A part of the generated power is used to drive the compressor 4 which performs the suction and compression process to continuously perform the suction, compression, expansion, and exhaust processes as described above.

The cycle as described above is made, except for the power required to drive the compressor 4 and other accessories in the torque generated by the motor (6) is the pure output of the engine.

In the above, the general structure and operation of the cycle process of the present invention have been described.

The air compressed by the compressor (4) is expanded in the combustion section (2) by the heat of combustion, the vane of the compressor (4) and the motor (6) in accordance with the Boyle-JACCharles law ( Due to the expansion of air in the enclosed space by 13), there is a static expansion that changes with an increase in pressure.

In addition, the outlet pressure of the compressor 4 and the inlet pressure of the motor 6 are approximately the same as the outlet pressure of the compressor 4 is slightly higher, in accordance with the principle of Pascal. Therefore, the pressure applied to the vane 13 of the compressor 4 and the pressure received from the vane 13 of the motor 6 become approximately equal during the performance of the cycle.

Compared with the air volume compressed in the compressor 4, the combustion gas expanded by combustion heat, ie. The volume of gas to be driven and exhausted by the motor 6 is much larger. Therefore, since the amount of combustion gas for rotating the motor 6 becomes larger than the amount of air compression of the compressor 4, the useful rotational force obtained by the motor 6 becomes large compared with the power required for driving the compressor 4, thereby providing pure engine power. The output is generated.

Therefore, the cycle can be continued by making the operating area of the vane 13 output from the motor 6 larger than the operating area of the vane 13, which is compressing air in the compressor 4.

Vt = Vo (273 + t / 273)

Vt: volume of gas at t temperature, Vo: volume of gas at 0 ° C., t: temperature of the gas raised by the heat of combustion.

Vc <Vt

Vc: Volume of compressed air in the compressor (power required to drive the compressor)

Vt: Volume of combustion gas expanded by combustion heat (output from motor)

In order to satisfy the above conditions, the operating area of the vane 13 being output in the motor 4 is made larger than the operating area of the vane 13 operating in the compressor 4 so that The flow can be in the forward direction, and the cycle is normal.

Ca <Ma

Power required to drive the compressor = operating area of the vane in the compressor (Ca)

Output from the motor = operating area of the vane in the motor (Ma)

Thus, the cycle of the present invention performs the suction process and the compression process using the vane compressor (4), the high temperature heat compressed air generated by continuously burning the fuel using the combustor (5) employed in the gas turbine engine After the heating process is performed to expand the combustion gas, the expanded combustion gas turns the vane motor 6 to generate power and at the same time exhausts the fuel gas. Part of the power of the motor 6 generated as a result of the cycle process is applied to the compressor 4. Reversible cycle for driving.

The engine of the present invention performs the suction and compression process of the gas turbine engine with a plurality of compression turbines or impellers as a series of vane compressors (4) and an output turbine function with a group of vane motors (6). It is.

The engine of the present invention is compressed by a series of compressors (4), and by heating the internal air through a continuous combustion process to expand, generating a rotational force by using a motor (6) has the following structural features .

In a gas turbine engine, the efficiency of the engine is low because the ratio of the power consumed to drive the compression turbine is very large among the rotational forces obtained from the output turbine.

In addition, in the case of a reciprocating engine, the cycle of intake, compression, expansion, and exhaust is all performed inside the cylinder, so that the structural characteristics cannot be used thermodynamically to improve efficiency or process.

The intake air is heated by the heated cylinder during the cycle, thereby increasing the compression work, the heat loss for cooling the cylinder, and the unavailability of the heat remaining in the exhausted combustion gas are thermodynamic disadvantages of the structure of the reciprocating engine.

Therefore, in the case of a reciprocating engine, the means for improving the thermodynamic efficiency of the engine are very limited to the method of improving the efficiency of the combustion process and the method of adding the engine additional equipment.

However, the engine of the present invention, along with the efficiency improvement means of the reciprocating engine is possible to the following efficiency improvement method can maximize the efficient operation of the engine and the fuel utilization efficiency.

<Preheating> In general, when the compressed air is heated by using an external heat source, the engine expands, thereby increasing engine efficiency.

By using the preheater 21 to preheat the compressed air in the compressor 4 with the waste heat remaining in the exhaust gas, a regeneration process may be performed to improve the thermal efficiency of the engine.

FIG. 3 is an embodiment schematically showing an example of a preheating device applied to an engine of the present invention. The engine type of the present invention has a structure in which a preheating device 21 using waste heat of exhaust gas is easily mounted.

Since the exhaust gas generated by driving the motor 6 maintains a very high temperature, the combustion unit 2 is subjected to heat exchange using a temperature difference between the exhaust gas pipe 35 and compressed air that has not yet entered the combustor 5. By preheating the compressed air therein, the thermal efficiency is improved.

<Use of motor cooling air as an expansion heat source> Since the motor 6 is a device which generates power from combustion gas of high pressure and high temperature, cooling is essential. In the case of a reciprocating engine, the cooling of the engine for the protection of the mechanism is entirely at the thermodynamic cost, but in the case of the engine of the invention, the engine is not heated up again after cooling the engine and using the heated air again.

In the case of adopting air cooling in this engine, the air compressed from the compressor 4 circulates through the cooling tube 23 provided in the motor casing 14 to cool the motor unit 3. When the air heated in the cooling process of the motor 6 is introduced into the preheater 21 of the combustion unit 2 through the bypass air pipe 22, a preheating effect can be achieved, and thus the heat efficiency of the engine using the cooling heat. Can improve.

<Method of generating power> In a gas turbine engine using a combustor such as the combustor 5 of the present invention, the turbine rotor is rotated at an increased speed to obtain a torque power or thrust force. The power generation method of obtaining thrust power is low in engine efficiency except at high speed forward and high-air flight, which can increase ram pressure.

As described above, although the combustor 5 of the same structure and function is used, the engine of the present invention has a constant volume of combustion gas filling the space between the vanes 13 and the vanes 13 of the vane motor 6 at an increased pressure. Generates rotational force. Therefore, the engine efficiency can be increased by generating power that is exactly proportional to the expanded flue gas volume, and cycles can be achieved at a low operating speed and constant efficiency can be achieved.

4A, 4B, and 4C are schematic views showing various arrangements of the devices constituting the internal combustion engine of the present invention. In the engine of the present invention, in the arrangement of the devices performing the respective processes, Small space through arbitrary combinations of devices is possible because the serial arrangement connecting the power connection of the compression section 1 and the motor section 3 by the same shaft and the parallel arrangement connecting the belt or the chain is possible. There are features that can be installed on.

<Starting power> Since the arrangement | positioning of the apparatus which comprises an engine is easy as mentioned above, the power connection method which drives the compressor 4 at the output of the motor 6, and does not drive the motor 6 at the engine start-up. In the case of adopting the clutch bearing 24 as shown in Figure 3c by using a known starter motor not shown is possible to start using a very low starting power.

<Separation of the motor> The engine of the present invention, as illustrated in FIG. 5 in the motor 6, has a primary idle motor 26 and an engine for the purpose of driving a compressor 4 and other auxiliary equipment requiring power. The engine can be configured by dividing it into a secondary output motor 27 that provides useful energy to external loads.

Since the pressure in the combustion unit 2 is low during low speed operation or idle operation, the relief valve 29 is closed by a spring, and the output motor 27 is stopped and only the idle motor 26 rotates.

When the pressure in the combustion unit 2 is increased due to the combustion of a large amount of fuel during acceleration and high speed operation, the pressure of the increased combustion gas pushes the relief valve 29 to open, thereby driving the output motor 27 to generate power.

The separation of these outputs is an engine design called a multi spool engine or a free power turbine in a real gas turbine engine.

When the engine is configured as described above, the size of the engine driven during idle operation is reduced, thereby saving fuel and reducing noise.

In addition, when the high power setting of the engine (high power setting) prevents excessive pressure rise in the combustion unit 2, and does not interfere with the flow of air in the motor (6) to ensure the operating flexibility of the engine.

In addition, the separation of the idle motor 26 and the output motor 27 as described above is to perform the function of the clutch.

Increased Rotational Power and Reduced Drag In designing the compressor 4 and the motor 6, the material of the high heat resistance and high mechanical strength is used to reduce the diameter of the vane motor 6 or the vane compressor 4 and reduce the rotor 12. By operating the engine at a higher speed, the volume or weight of the engine can be reduced.

In addition, since the height of the vane 13 can be reduced and the length can be increased, the operating area of the vane can be the same, thereby reducing drag by reducing the front area of the engine of the same output.

<Air Purification and Silencer> The structure of the present invention uses a combustor 5 such as a gas turbine engine, but it is easy to attach an air purifier and a silencer, and does not cause a decrease in engine efficiency. This is possible.

<Other characteristics of the engine of the present invention> Since the devices forming the engine make a circular motion, the vibration is very small.

Since there is no reciprocating part, high operating speed can be maintained.

The power generated is continuous, not intermittent, and the operating pressure can be kept low.

The number of components that make up the engine is very small and simple, making it easy to manufacture and easy to maintain.

It is small in volume and can form organs that are very light compared to the output.

《External combustion engine》

As shown in FIG. 6, the engine of the present invention may form an external combustion engine by replacing a combustor that is a fluid expander of the internal combustion engine with a heat exchanger 30.

It is composed of an external combustion engine by heating and expanding the fluid inside the system through heat exchange with heat exchanger 30 to heat energy generated by burning fuel using various external combustors 41 outside the fluid flow system.

The vane compressor, which is a compression unit 1 that performs suction and compression processes, and the vane motor, which is a motor unit 3 that generates rotational energy from a high-pressure fluid expanded through heat exchange, have the same structure and function as those of the internal combustion engine described above. Therefore, description thereof will be omitted.

Heat transfer is a thermodynamic phenomenon in which heat is transferred to a state of thermal equilibrium in the exchange of heat between each other inside and outside that a boundary divides.

High heat tends to be on the lower side, and low-temperature objects receive heat to reach the same temperature. Thermal equilibrium is called heat exchange to heat or cool the desired fluid.

The heat exchanger 30 is a device that forms a heat exchange boundary and is made of a material having high thermal conductivity and has a large surface area for easy heat exchange.

Since the present invention is not an invention in the field of heat exchanger but a description of a cycle process of forming an external combustion engine, all of the mechanisms and devices that enable expansion by increasing the temperature of the fluid flowing inside the boundary are defined as the heat exchanger 30.

The cycle of the external combustion engine according to the present invention is as follows.

(a) The suction and compression process is performed in the vane compressor (4) as in the internal combustion engine, and the compressed air is sent to the heat exchanger (30), where the driving energy of the compressor is the vane motor ( Part of the output from 6) is used.

(b) In the expansion process, the combustion heat of fuel generated outside of the system passes through the heat exchanger 30, and the internal air is heated and expanded through heat exchange.

(c) As the above-expanded air is made in the closed space, the pressure changes, and the high-temperature and high-pressure air rotates the vane motor 6 to generate useful energy and is exhausted at the same time.

As described above, the external combustion engine of the present invention compresses air with a single compressor (4), heats and expands the internal air through heat exchange with a heat exchanger (30) using various heat sources from the outside, It is a reversible heat engine that rotates a set of motors 6 to generate useful power, and drives the compressor 4 using a portion of the generated rotational power.

The external combustion engine of the present invention has the following features.

<Used fuel> Since the external combustion engine burns outside the system, it does not depend on the type of fuel, the properties, and the degree of refinement. Fuel is not only limited to fossil fuels, but also wood, solar, waste, etc., and can be used at temperatures above which the compressor can heat compressed air.

<Efficiency Enhancement> In the external combustion engine according to the present invention, the compressed air is heated and expanded through the heat exchanger 30 to obtain a high engine output.

Thermal energy generated when a fuel burns has a constant calorific value per unit mass depending on the type of fuel, the properties, and the degree of purification. Fuels that generate a large amount of heat and generate combustion gas at a high temperature are petroleum, gas, and coal.

The heat exchange is performed by heat exchange using a fuel that generates a small amount of heat and generates combustion gas at a low temperature, and is arranged to perform heat exchange using a heat source having an increasingly high temperature to obtain a high thermal efficiency by increasing the air temperature at the motor inlet.

Therefore, in heating the air inside the system, the maximum temperature of the internal air after the final heat exchange becomes the efficiency of the external combustion engine of the present invention.

In the description of the internal combustion engine of the present invention, the cooling method of the motor 6 has been described, and the efficiency can be improved when the compressed air cooled by the motor is connected into the system.

The high temperature exhaust gas exhausted from the motor 6 is used as a heat source for heating the air inside through the heat exchanger 30 forming the expansion process to improve efficiency.

Exhaust gas of the external combustion engine is high-temperature air containing oxygen, not combustion gas, and when used for combustion of the external combustor 41, the combustion heat is increased to increase the efficiency of the heat exchanger 30.

As described above, the external combustion engine of the present invention uses the heat exchanger 30 to heat and expand the fluid inside the system by using the heat exchanger 30 to expand the combustion heat generated by burning various types of fuel outside the system. 6) Drive the power to get the following features.

Since combustion takes place externally, there is no fuel limitation, and a low calorific value fuel can be used.

It is easy to control because the combustion takes place externally.

Since combustion is performed externally, it is easy to improve combustion conditions and thus minimize pollution.

Since only clean air is circulated, the engine life is long because there is no corrosion inside the engine.

In the system configuration, several stages of heat exchange can increase engine efficiency.

《Internal and external combined combustion engine》

According to the present invention, the internal combustion engine and the external combustion combined combustion engine can be constituted by mixing and using a component of an internal combustion engine and a component of an external combustion engine.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the devices constituting the internal combustion / external combined combustion engine of the present invention. The configuration of the internal combustion engine and the configuration of the external combustion engine are described above.

In constructing the internal combustion / external combined combustion engine, the vane compressor (4) and the vane motor (6) used in the internal combustion engine or the external combustion engine are composed of the compressor (4) and the motor (6) of the internal combustion / external combined combustion engine. It has the same function and structure.

When the air, which is the working fluid sucked and compressed by the compressor 4, is expanded by heating the air inside the heat exchanger 30 by using the heat of combustion of fuel having a low calorific value and a low combustion gas temperature outside the system. The efficiency of the engine is lowered. In the above case an external combustion engine is formed; Since the air compressed by the compressor 4 and heated by the heat exchanger 30 to expand contains oxygen, the air can be further expanded by burning fuel using the internal combustor 6.

In this case, the function of the internal combustion engine is added.

After performing the preheating function with the heat of combustion outside the system as described above, the air is further expanded by burning fuel with the combustor 6 inside the system, thereby obtaining high efficiency and output from the motor 6.

The internal combustion / external combined combustion engine preheats the compressed air passing through the inside of the system using the heat exchanger 30, which is an external combustion engine element, with the heat of combustion of the low calorific fuel, and then uses the internal combustion engine, which is the internal combustion engine element (6). By further expanding the compressed air, the combustion gas of high temperature and high pressure drives the motor 6 to generate useful rotational force.

In the above case, a low calorific fuel can be used from the outside, and the internal combustor 6 can generate high combustion gas even when burning a small amount of fuel, thereby obtaining high efficiency and output of the engine.

In particular, the internal combustion / external combined combustion engine of the present invention has a feature of reducing the amount of expensive fuel by using a heat source having a low heat generation amount such as solar heat and waste incineration heat and a low combustion gas temperature.

In addition, the internal combustion / external combined combustion engine of the present invention operates by combining various external heat sources and heat exchange in various stages without limiting fuel, so that various engines can be configured according to the use of the engine and the fuel used. have.

As described above, since the internal combustion engine of the present invention can realize a high efficiency with a simple structure as described above, it replaces a reciprocating engine having low thermal efficiency and many disadvantages, thereby reducing the overall cost of engine production and improving the efficiency of fuel utilization and maintenance. The effect of reducing the difficulty can be expected.

In addition, since the external combustion engine of the present invention can constitute a simple and lightweight small engine, there is an effect that the efficient use of energy by generating power by using various types of fuel in a combination of various structures and functions.

In addition, when the internal combustion / external combined combustion engine of the present invention is configured by combining the advantages of the internal combustion engine and the external combustion engine, it is possible to obtain useful power without using or wasting low-level fuel, thereby saving energy. The effect achieved in terms of both dimensions and the efficient use of energy will be very large.

In particular, the engines currently used are completely distinguished from internal combustion engines and external combustion engines, and thus, various fuels cannot be efficiently used, and low thermal efficiency of fuels increases energy costs and wastes, and increases air pollution.

Through the efficient selection and use of the three engines of the present invention to improve the combustion efficiency of the energy to reduce the occurrence of air pollution, the effect of the efficient use of the waste or wasted energy source is expected, based on the present specification It is effective to expand the range of engine selection through the configuration of more various devices.

Claims (3)

In constructing an internal combustion engine, After performing the suction and compression process of the air in the compression section (1) consisting of the vane compressor (4), the fuel in the combustion section (2) consisting of the combustor (5) used in the gas turbine engine and performing continuous combustion After performing the expansion process of heating and expanding the compressed air in the vane compressor (4) by the high temperature heat generated by burning the combustion, the motor portion (3) of the expanded high-temperature, high-pressure combustion gas consisting of the vane motor (3) And vane compressor (4) as a part of the power generated as a result of performing the cycle. In constructing an external combustion engine, After performing the process of sucking and compressing the fluid by using the vane compressor (4), the compressed internal fluid passing through the heat exchanger (30) inside the heat exchanger (30) is expanded by the combustion heat generated from the combustor (41) outside the system. After performing the expansion process, the expanded fluid turns the vane motor 6 to generate useful rotational force and is exhausted at the same time, and drives the vane compressor 4 as part of the output generated from the vane motor 6. Engine using vane rotor to be. In constructing an internal and external complex, After the air is sucked into the vane compressor 4 and compressed, the compressed air passing through the inside of the heat exchanger 30 is expanded by the heat of combustion of the fuel produced by the external combustor 41, which is a combustion method of the external combustion engine. After that, the secondary heat expansion and expansion by the heat of combustion of the fuel burned in the internal combustor 5 of the internal combustion engine combustion method rotates the vane motor 6 at this pressure to generate and rotate a useful rotational force, and the vane motor 6 The engine using the vane rotor, characterized in that a part of the output generated from the) is used to drive the compressor (4).