KR20020068234A - System and Method of P2P service - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A system and a method for a P2P(Peer To Peer) service are provided to minimize a load of a network by classifying a user grade in accordance with a connection environment and a performance of a terminal of a user and making the lower grade user be connected only to the upper grade user, thereby decreasing an amount of messages for checking available resources. CONSTITUTION: A file receiving user installs a P2P program in one's computer(501). The installed program judges a connection environment of the user and embodies a corresponding grade(502). An IP address of other user is inputted in the P2P program, the P2P program transmits a connection message including a grade and an IP address of the user to the other user, and the message is received to a P2P program of the other user(503). The P2P program of the other user recognizes a grade of the user. If the grade is more than that of the other user, the P2P program of the other user transmits the message to another connected user of the upper grade(504). Information as a connection stage, an IP address, and a shared file is exchanged between a P2P user of the upper grade and the user(505). The user inputs information of a file to be searched in the P2P program and requests a searching process(506). The information of the file and the terminal is transmitted to a user of the highest grade, and the user of the highest grade transmits search request information to other user connected(507). P2P programs of the users search the corresponding file in one's shared directory, transmit search request information to users of the lower grade, and transmit an IP address, a port, and an ID of users who have the searched file to the user(508). Thus, the user downloads the file to be searched(509).

Description

P2P service system and method {System and Method of P2P service}

The present invention relates to a P2P service method and system based on an open network such as the Internet.

More specifically, in the Gnutella-type P2P service, which is a pure peer-to-peer service, there is a problem that service users overuse the network band in order to maintain and use the state of mutual P2P networks. It relates to a new type of P2P service method and a system for performing the same.

P2P service is receiving the most attention among various internet services that have appeared recently. P2P is short for 'peer to peer', and P2P service is a new technology that allows users to share files without a server by connecting PC and PC directly. It is a service that allows users to directly access their computers (PCs) and share various information and files. Traditional web searches have only allowed you to search for information on a website and use information and files that are registered on the website, but this method provides a comprehensive search of the database of individuals and companies, as well as the website, and directly retrieves that information. The advantage is that it can be moved to a computer.

This P2P service appeared in May 1999 when a site called Napster, USA (www.napster.com) launched a service that allows individuals to share their own music files (MP3) over the Internet. Since its inception, it has been exploding in popularity. As Napster, which shares music files, became popular, Globalscape's 'Cue MX', a service that allows users to share all files, and 'Gnutella', Nullsoft, appeared. In Korea, there are sites such as 'Sori Sea' (www.soribada.co.kr) which provides similar service to 'Nepster' and Seafriend (www.seefriend.co.kr) which can share all files.

Unlike Napster, which relies on a central server, the pure P2P service method such as Gnutella has a built-in search function for the program installed in the user's PC, so it connects directly to the computer with the IP address that holds a specific file. It is a form to find. For example, if user A requests data from user B that user A knows, user B's P2P program will send his own data if he has the data, or if he does not have the data, he will send another user C a message about the requested data. Will be delivered. In Gnutella, the depth of message delivery is determined by the time to live (TTL) value included in the message. For example, if TTL is 2, user B (TTL = 1) forwards the message to user C (TTL = 0), but user C does not forward the message to another user because his TTL is 0. Do not. If the TTL is set to infinity, the message is delivered to all users around the world who have these P2P programs installed. Figure 1 shows Gnutella's message delivery method and TTL when TTL = 3.

The Gnutella-type P2P service that is currently available has an inherent risk of excessive network bandwidth. If each Gnutella knows 10 connected Gnutellas, and the first time Gnutella sends a ping message with a TTL of 6, a calculation is made that one million messages with 10 6 approvals roam the Internet.

This problem occurs because you coded your client software to send push packet broadcasts to all computers connected to you. The peer-to-peer client has a network protocol that checks for available resources using other computers on the network.

The application of P2P technology can reduce the load on the server, but the network load can be severe. Therefore, a new concept of P2P service is required to minimize the load on the network and achieve the construction of an efficient network.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and when a service user installs a P2P program on his or her terminal in a P2P service using an open network such as the Internet, the P2P program is connected to the user's connection environment and performance of the terminal. According to the classification of users, and when accessing P2P service, lower level users should be connected only to higher level users, reducing the message to check the resources that are still available using other computers on the network, such as the Internet, which can minimize the network load. The purpose is to provide a P2P service method and system based on an open network. Figure 2 shows the structure of the P2P service structure (a) and the structure of the Gnutella method (b) according to the present invention.

1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a message delivery method of Gnutella.

2 is a schematic diagram showing the structure (a) of the P2P service according to the present invention and the structure (b) by the Gnutella method.

3 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of a P2P service system according to the present invention.

4 is a schematic process diagram illustrating a P2P service method according to the present invention.

5 is a flowchart illustrating a schematic process of a service method according to the present method.

6 illustrates a process of searching for a file to be searched by a user using a P2P service provided by the method of the present invention.

Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings will be described in detail. However, these drawings are for illustrative purposes only and the present invention is not limited thereto.

3 illustrates a configuration of a P2P system according to the present invention, and includes a user terminal 100, an internet access network 120, and a P2P program 130.

In a P2P system based on an open network such as the Internet according to the present invention, in a P2P operation system using a terminal and an open network connecting the terminals, the terminal 100 is connected to an open network such as the Internet. Possible and refers to a device, such as a computer or a dedicated terminal, a mobile phone installed with a P2P program (130). At this time, there may be an operation server that connects with terminals through the Internet network and manages whether or not each terminal is connected and location information as necessary.

In the above, the P2P program 130 basically has a function and a method of use similar to those of Gnutella. However, the P2P program according to the present invention has the following functions and operation methods that Gnutella does not have. When a user installs a P2P program on a terminal, the P2P program sets the rating based on its own criteria according to the performance of the user's terminal and the connection environment of the open network. At this time, the performance and connection environment of the terminal can be divided into A, B, C, D ... The higher the rating, the more the number of users who can access the terminal directly or indirectly, and the distribution of personnel for each rating increases as the rating gets lower. For example, if there are 10 top-level (class A) users, 100 class B users and 1,000 class C users may be configured.

The remaining users (B, C, D ... grades), except the users classified as the highest level (grade A), can access only the users higher than themselves through the P2P program 130 when accessing the P2P service. It keeps connected with each P2P service user below the top level and exchanges ping and pong messages while exchanging information about IP addresses and shared files. Pong messages include the IP address, port, number of files, file size, etc. This information is stored temporarily on each user's computer or on the top-level user's computer. When a search request is made from another connected user's P2P program, this message is delivered to the top-level user and then to each sub-user directly connected to the top-level user, who receives this message. It checks if the file exists in the file, if it exists, sends its data, and if it doesn't, it sends a message about the request file to other lower-level users directly connected to it.

The user designated as the highest class (class A) user refers to the group of users who have the best performance and access environment of the terminal. When connecting to the P2P service, the user is connected with other top class users and receives access from the lower class users. The pong message is used to save the connected users' IP addresses, ports, and the number of shared files. When a search message comes from a user connected to the user, a message is sent to the lower users who directly connect the search information. However, in some cases, intermediate users who are not classified as top-level users when installing P2P programs can also serve as top-level users. For example, if the user D1 of FIG. 4 initially sets TTL to 2, B1 serves as the user of the highest level. 4 shows a connection structure of a P2P service according to the present invention.

When a user C1 accesses a P2P service, a method of finding and accessing a higher level user is as follows. First, the IP address of another user C2, which is randomly selected, is input to the P2P program. P2P program of user C1 sends a connection request message to another user C2 of the inputted IP address, and another user C2 who receives the message is a user whose sender C1 is higher than or equal to the user. If it is determined that the user is of the same level or higher than the user, the message is sent to another user B1 of the higher level connected with the user without accessing the user C2. Then, another user B1 checks the grade of the user C1 and connects when the user B1 is lower than himself. In this case, the user C1 is connected to another user B1 to use the P2P service.

P2P service method according to the present invention, the user wishes to install a P2P program on its own terminal; Giving a rating to the user using the P2P program according to the connection environment and the terminal performance; The user D1 entering an IP of at least one other user; Sending a message to another user; If another user is a user of a higher level (C2), connecting to a P2P service; Sending, by the higher-level user C2, the access message of the user D1 to the higher-level user B1 to which he or she is directly connected; The message is delivered to the top-level user A1 and this information is stored; Inputting file information that the user D1 wants to find in a P2P program; Transmitting file information to be searched by the P2P program, the user's IP address, port information, and ID to a higher-level user C2; A higher level user C2 transmitting the corresponding information to a higher level user B1 connected with his / her P2P program; Transmitting information to the highest level user A1; The user of the highest level A1 who has received the file information transmits the corresponding search information to the users A2, B1, B2, and B3 directly connected to the user; The lower level user (B3) who received the information searches the shared directory to see if the file exists, and if the file exists, uploads its data and sends the information to the lower level user (C3) associated with it. step; The lower level user C3, having received the information, searches for his / her shared directory to see if the file exists, and if the file exists, sending his data; Transmitting search information to the highest level user A1 and sending down the search result and user access information stored to the highest level user to the user D1; User (D1) is characterized in that it comprises a step of importing the file after connecting to select the appropriate user to see the search results sent from other users.

5 is a flowchart for explaining FIG. 4 illustrating the present invention. The method of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5 as follows.

The file receiving applicant 'D1' installs a P2P program in his terminal (step 501). The installed P2P program determines a connection environment of the user 'D1' and assigns a grade according to a predetermined rule. (Step 502) The assigned grade is stored in the P2P program.

Input the randomly selected IP address of another user (C2) to P2P program. The P2P program of the user D1 sends an access message including its class and IP address to another user C2, the user of the inputted IP address, and if the other user C2 is connected to the P2P service, the message is sent. It is received in the P2P program of the other user C2 (step 503). You can enter multiple IP addresses.

The peer-to-peer program of the other user (C2) who received the message grasps the rating information of the user (D1) who sent the message and sends a message to another user (B1) of the higher level associated with the user if the user is higher than or equal to the user. If the user of the lower level than the user (D1) is connected to the other user (C2) to access the P2P service (step 504), the maximum number of users that can access the terminal is the terminal and the connection environment It can be limited to each class according to.

Once connected, it exchanges information about connection status, IP address, and shared file while exchanging ping and pong messages while remaining connected with the upper level P2P user. At this time, this information is temporarily stored in each P2P program or stored in the computer of the user A1 of the highest level. The scope of the information exchange is up to the highest-level users directly connected (see part A in FIG. 4). However, depending on the needs of the users, the search information can be transmitted to other top-level users A2, A3 and A4. The highest level user exchanges information about connection status, IP address, and shared file among users of the highest level (step 505).

The user D1 inputs information of a file to be searched into a P2P program to request a search (step 506).

The file information to be searched for and the terminal information (search request information) of the user D1 are transmitted to the user A1 of the highest level through other connected upper users C2 and B1, and the user A1 of the highest level The search request information is transmitted to the other users B2 and B3 connected with each other (step 507). At this time, when the user D1 inputs file information to be searched, the user A1 of the highest level including the user D1 is selected to other top users A2, A3 ... according to the selection of the user D1. By passing the information, you can expand the scope of search. This method can be easily achieved by using the existing TTL method used by Gnutella.

P2P programs of users (A. B. C) who received the search request information search for the file in their shared directory and deliver the search request information to lower-level users. As a result of the search, if the file is found, it is sent to the highest class user (A1), and the retrieved information is sent to the user (D1) through the upper class users (B1, C2) to send the IP address, port, and ID of the user whose file is to be found. (Step 508)

The user D1 views, selects, and accesses information sent by other users who have the file being searched for and downloads the file (step 509).

6 shows a schematic deployment method for a method for searching for a file desired by a user in the present service. (a) the user E1 requesting to search for a specific file using a P2P service. (b) sending down the search information to the connected users of the highest level user A1 who has received this information; (c) step in which each P2P program uploads a search result; (d) shows a step of sending the search results gathered to the top-level users to the user E1.

As described above, according to the present invention, in a P2P service system using an open network such as the Internet, when a service user installs a P2P program on his / her terminal, the P2P program divides user ratings according to the access environment of the user and the performance of the terminal. When accessing the network, lower level users should access only the upper level users, search by the highest level user on the network, and check available resources using other computers to reduce unnecessary messages in the network. Compared to this, network load can be minimized.

In the existing Gnutella method, the number of accessors connected to the user for searching increased to X ^N , and the network load increased due to excessive accessors. However, since the method of the present invention increases in multiples, the network load can be reduced by minimizing the occurrence of excessive accessors. have.

For example, if 5,000 search targets are appropriate, Gnutella knows five connected Gnutellas, and if TTL is 6, 15,625 computers will be searched (with TTL 5, only 3,125 will be searched). In this method, if a user group (part A in FIG. 4) is connected to 400 users connected directly or indirectly to the highest level user to which the user belongs, the highest level user searches for 12 users of other top level users of the same size. If you send, the search target is 5,200 (400 × 13), which can reduce unnecessary network load.

Claims (8)

In a P2P system based on an open network such as the Internet according to the present invention, the P2P program 130 sets the rating according to the performance of the user's terminal and the connection environment of the open network when the user installs the P2P program in the terminal. P2P service operating system, characterized in that. The system of claim 1, wherein the terminal is connected to an open network such as the Internet and is a device such as a computer, a dedicated terminal, or a mobile phone on which a P2P program is installed. The method of claim 1, wherein the user designated as the highest class (A class) user refers to a user group designated as the highest class user when installing a P2P program because the terminal has the best performance and connection environment. P2P service operating system, characterized in that the user can also act as the user of the highest level. 4. The information of claim 3, wherein the P2P service connects to other top-level users and receives IP addresses, ports, and shared files of users connected through ping and pong messages. Take it and save it. And when a search message comes from a user connected to the P2P service operating system, characterized in that to send a message to the lower-level users or other top-level users directly connected to the search information. The method according to claim 1, wherein the remaining users (classes B, C, D ...), except the users classified as the highest class (Class A), are higher than themselves through the P2P program 130 when accessing the P2P service. It can be connected only to the users of, and exchanges information about IP addresses and shared files while exchanging ping and pong messages while remaining connected with each P2P service user below the top level. Pong messages include the IP address, port, number of files, file size, etc. This information is stored temporarily on each user's computer or on the top-level user's computer. When a search request is made from another connected user's P2P program, this message is delivered to the top-level user and then to each sub-user directly connected to the top-level user, who receives this message. P2P service operating system, characterized in that if the corresponding file exists, and if the file exists, send its own data, and if not there is a message for the request file to other users of the lower level directly connected to them. The method of claim 6, wherein the file information to be searched and the terminal information (search request information) of the user D1 are transmitted to the highest level user A1 through other connected higher level users C2 and B1. The user A1 of the A1 transmits the search request information to the other users B2 and B3 connected to it, and the P2P programs of the users AB C who receive the search request information from the user A1 of the highest level are shared. The directory is searched for the file and the search request information is sent to lower level users. P2P service operating system, characterized in that if the file is found as a result of the search, the IP address, port, and ID are sent to the user D1 through the user of the highest level. When a user connects to a P2P service, if the user inputs the IP address of another user, which is randomly selected, into the P2P program, the user's P2P program sends an access message to the input IP address. If the other user who received the message sends the access message to another higher level user connected to the user if the user who sent the message is higher or the same level as the user, and allows the access if the user is a lower level user, the P2P service P2P service operating system, characterized in that it can be used. P2P service method according to the present invention, the user wishes to install a P2P program on its own terminal; Giving a rating to the user using the P2P program according to the connection environment and the terminal performance; The user D1 entering an IP of at least one other user; Sending a message to another user; If another user is a user of a higher level (C2), connecting to a P2P service; Sending, by a higher-level user C2, a connection message of the user D1 to a higher-level user B1 to which he or she is directly connected; The message is delivered to the top-level user A1 and this information is stored; Inputting file information that the user D1 wants to find in a P2P program; Transmitting file information to be searched by the P2P program, the user's IP address, port information, and ID to a higher-level user C2; A higher level user C2 transmitting the corresponding information to a higher level user B1 connected with his / her P2P program; Transmitting information to the highest level user A1; The user of the highest level A1 receiving the file information transmits the information to the users A2, B1, B2, and B3 directly connected to the user; The lower level user (B3) who received the information searches the shared directory to see if the file exists, and if the file exists, uploads its data and sends the information to the lower level user (C3) associated with it. step; The lower level user C3, having received the information, searches for his / her shared directory to see if the file exists, and if the file exists, sending his data; Transmitting search information to the highest level user A1 and sending down the search result and user access information stored to the highest level user to the user D1; User (D1) is a method of operating a P2P service comprising the step of importing the file after selecting the appropriate user to access the search results sent from other users.