KR20020067370A - Roughage replacement for ruminant - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: Provided is a roughage replacement for ruminant to control the amount of intake and to promote rumination. CONSTITUTION: The roughage replacement is characterized by containing 30-60 wt.% of synthesized polymer, such as PET(polyethylene terephthalate), Nylon6, PS(polystyrene),PE(polyethylene), etc., in types of a film, a filament, a ring and the like. The fodder consisting of concentrated feedstuff and roughage for ruminant satisfies the specific gravity range of 0.70-0.90.

Description

ROUGHAGE REPLACEMENT FOR RUMINANT}

The present invention relates to a forage substitute for ruminants, and more particularly, to replace the indigestible polymer synthetic fiber with the forage of ruminants to control the feed intake of ruminants and to make a ruminant replacement composition for inducing ruminants. It is about.

In general, the digestive system of ruminants consists of the mouth, esophagus, four stomach, and the small intestine and the large intestine, of which the stomach consists of the first, second, third and fourth positions. Feeds consumed by ruminant animals such as cattle, horses, deer and goats are mixed by the peristalsis of the stomach while staying in the first stomach and fermented and digested by the action of various microorganisms or enzymes in the stomach. Low levels of fibrous substances in the rumen cause various digestive and physiological disorders due to the lack of physical irritation of the rumen and rapid drop in pH in the rumen. Therefore, ruminants (especially beef cattle) are provided with rich feeds and feed forages such as rice straw. It is essential.

However, compound feeds (rich feeds) produced as livestock feed are manufactured to contain the nutrients needed by the livestock, which usually contain very little solid fibrous material. By making and supplying artificial substances that can be expressed, the physical stimulation of the rumen can be added, and the saliva secretion can be promoted by increasing the saliva secretion, thereby enhancing the digestibility of the rumen by stabilizing the pH and promoting fermentation.

In particular, the physical effect is an effect that can be mainly caused by the supply of a forage source, it is absolutely necessary to supply a constant amount of forage to maintain the normal digestive physiology of ruminants. Forage or roughage is a relatively high-volume carbohydrate and bulky feed that is fed to livestock in the form of hay, raw grass, or silage. Dried feed contains more than 18% crude fiber and has a low digestibility, but is important not only as a source of various nutrients but also for maintaining the normal functioning of the digestive system.

Such forms of forage include low quality forage produced as a by-product of human food production in addition to the hay, raw grass and silage forms mentioned above. Currently, most of the feed used by livestock farmers for raising livestock is rice straw, but corn, grasses and other agricultural by-products are also heavily used.

However, these raw materials can be supplied only in a limited season, causing regional supply and demand imbalances, and also being expensive.

In particular, rice straw has a high content of silicon, which causes problems with digestion when fed for a long time. Therefore, research on substitute materials for forage using various resources such as scrub, sawdust or wild grass has been conducted.

Recently, in Japan, substitutes have been developed to replace the physical irritation of the gastric mucosa of fibrous feeds, which has a direct effect on the milk yield of cows and increases feed intake.

In addition, low-quality forages produce around 2.1 billion tonnes worldwide, including rice straw and rice hulls at about 5.5 billion tonnes, straw at about 550 million tonnes, and corn stalks and cobs about 380 million tonnes. In Korea, about 13 million tons of agricultural by-products are produced, of which about 7.5 million tons of rice straw are produced, but only about 15% of them are used for livestock feed and most are used for other purposes. In addition, alfalfa cubes, pellets, and leaves are imported and used as a source of some forage, which is a problem that cannot be overlooked.

The present invention has been proposed to solve the above problems of the prior art, it is possible to prevent the sudden drop of the pH in the rumen of the ruminant of the ruminant to reduce the excretion amount and to eat abundant feed by replacing the insufficient forage in the country, feed intake The aim is to provide forage substitutes that can control and promote rumination.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a ruminant feed material in which a rich feed and a feed are mixed at a constant ratio, and the polymer synthetic fiber having a specific gravity satisfying the range of 0.70 to 0.90 is partially replaced as the feed. Will be done.

1 is a graph showing the change in total operation time, total number of monsters, and total rumination time when SBR was used as a substitute for forage.

Figure 2 is a graph comparing the change in the total number of operations when PP and SBR respectively replaced as a substitute for feed.

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The fertilizer substitute of the present invention has a specific gravity similar to that of the fertilizer, so that it can be replaced with a ruminant feed source, PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate), nylon 6 (Nylon6), polystyrene (PS; Polystyrene), polyethylene (PE; Polyethylene) Etc may be considered.

In consideration of economical efficiency and ease of manufacture, polymer compounds such as polypropylene (PP; Polypropylene), polyethylene (PE), Styrene resin (SEBS), and SBR (styrene-butadiene-Rubber) rubber bands may be formed of filament (fibrous) and film. It will be implemented in a ring shape.

Styrene resins synthesize styrene and butadiene in cyclohexane by anionic polymerization at 60-120 ° C using n-BuLi or sec-BuLi to synthesize SEBS (styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene). It is the material obtained by hydrogenating SEBS.

In this case, a catalyst is often used. Nickel, cobalt, titanium complex, etc. are used as the catalyst, and when the reaction is performed without a catalyst, the hydrogen pressure must be further increased.

The polymer material of the present invention is formed in various forms such as filament, film (ribbon form), ring type, and has a specific gravity of 0.70 to 0.90, which has a specific gravity similar to that of the forage, and at the same time physically in the rumen of ruminants. Harmful substances are not liberated by deformation or rumen environment, and the artificial fiber forage is replaced by 30 to 60% by weight of the total forage.

The ruminant forage substitutes of the present invention may each use the above materials and may be mixed as necessary.

Hereinafter, the examples in which the polymer compound is replaced and the number of ruminants, mastication, and ruminant mass according to the present invention will be examined to determine whether the polymer compound can exhibit the physical effect of rice straw into several examples.

<Example 1>

In feeding the rich feed and the feed in the ruminant feed at a certain ratio, the feed substitute was fed by replacing the 30% by weight of the feed in artificial fiber feed with filamentous (fibrous) polyethylene, the following [Table 1] to [Table 3] shows the result data when 30% by weight of rice straw is replaced with polyethylene.

Among them, Table 1 shows that the ratio of rich feed and forage is 6: 4 and 9: 1, and a portion of rice straw, which is the forage, is replaced by a filament (fiber) of 350 denier polyethylene (PE) by 30%. This is a comparison of total feed intake time, total working time and total rumen time.

Total rumination time showed that the total rumination time increased from 317.4 hours to 413.9 and 460.8 hours compared to rice straw supplementation when the straw was replaced with polyethylene than when rice straw was used as a source of forage.

In addition, the total rumination time and the total operation time were remarkably superior to lumen fiber (RF), which is a substitute material for commercial use in Japan.

Rich feed: Research feed mixture Total Feed Time Total rumination time Total writing time 6: 4 78.6 317.4 400.6 6: 4 + RF 122.8 358.5 481.0 6: 4 + PE 91.4 460.8 552.2 9: 1 81.3 203.7 285.0 9: 1 + PE 81.3 413.9 495.2

In Table 2 below, the total number of operations in ruminants when replacing polyethylene in [Table 1] was increased from 210.2 × 10 ² times to 300.3 × 10 ² and 308.1 × 10 ² when rice straw was fed.

Rich feed: Research feed mixture Total number of shots in ruminant (× 10 ² ) Authors per ruminant 6: 4 210.2 66.2 6: 4 + RF 240.3 67.1 6: 4 + PE 300.3 65.2 9: 1 127.3 62.5 9: 1 + PE 308.1 74.4

[Table 3] is a table showing the change in the number of colonies when replacing a part of the crests with polyethylene as shown in the [Table 1], it can be seen that the total number of monsters increased from 306 and 407 to 603 and 665 times.

Rich feed: Research feed mixture Total monster () Mastication time per mass (seconds) Number of Works per Piece (Times) Egg mass per ruminant (dog) 6: 4 407 46.7 51.6 1.28 6: 4 + RF 532 40.4 45.2 1.49 6: 4 + PE 665 41.6 45.2 1.44 9: 1 306 39.4 41.6 1.51 9: 1 + PE 603 41.2 51.1 1.46

From the above results, it can be seen that even if a part of the straw is replaced with polyethylene, the physical effect of the forage can be exhibited so that a part of the straw can be replaced with the filament (fibrous) polyethylene.

<Example 2>

In the ruminant feed, the ratio of rich feed and forage was 8: 2, and 25% by weight of the forage was replaced with filamentous (fibrous) polypropylene, which is an artificial fibrous feed, to replace the forage. Are shown in Tables 4 to 6.

Table 4 below is a result of comparing the total feed intake time, total operation time and total rumination time according to the thickness (denier) and length (cm) of the polypropylene (PP) fiber replaced here. According to this comparison result, it was confirmed that total rumination time and total mastication time were significantly improved depending on the conditions when the rice straw was partially replaced with polypropylene than when straw was used only as a source of forage (not mixed with PP).

In particular, various effects have been shown depending on the thickness and length of the polypropylene fiber.

PP thickness and length replaced Total Feed Time (min) Total rumination time (minutes) Total work time (minutes) (pp not mixed) 99.6 242.9 342.56 3440, 5 cm 128.63 297.49 426.12 3440, 10 cm 84.13 236.15 330.28 2930, 5 cm 106.25 247.9 354.15 2930, 10 cm 103.75 336.6 440.31 2650, 10 cm 121.0 335.8 456.8

And, Table 5 shows the results of the total number of operations in the rumination when replacing the polypropylene filament (fibrous). Here too, the replacement of polypropylene showed an excellent effect depending on the thickness and length.

Thickness, length of replaced PP Total number of shots in ruminant (× 10 ² ) Authors per ruminant (PP not mixed) 137.9 56.42 3440, 5 cm 184.7 62.09 3440, 10 cm 140.4 59.44 2930, 5 cm 156.2 62.99 2930, 10 cm 239.6 71.20 2650, 10 cm 214.7 63.91

Table 6 shows the results of the change in the number of dietary monsters in this example, but the total number of dietary monsters was increased from 280 to 433 times.

Thickness, length of replaced PP Total monster () Mastication time per second Number of Works per Piece Egg mass per rumen (PP not mixed) 280 51.17 48.18 1.19 3440, 5 cm 393 45.42 47.00 1.33 3440, 10 cm 336 42.17 41.00 1.43 2930, 5 cm 252 61.96 59.02 1.02 2930, 10 cm 433 46.60 55.35 1.29 2650, 10 cm 326 61.80 65.83 0.97

In the above results, even if a part of rice straw was replaced with polypropylene, the physical effect of the forage could be exhibited, and it was confirmed that the effect due to the polypropylene filament phase (fiber phase) was excellent.

<Example 3>

In the ruminant feed, the ratio of rich feed and forage is 8: 2, and as a substitute for feed, a portion of the feed is replaced by a ring-type general purpose rubber band SBR, which is an artificial fiber feed, for 9 days. And total number, and total rumination time were examined.

Here, as a result of one-time feeding replacing 30% by weight of rice straw, the total rumination time was maintained at a high level compared to before the payday until the 5th day, and the total mass was maintained higher than before the payday until Fig. 1 It was confirmed through.

FIG. 2 is a graph comparing the total number of crops in the rumen for 9 days when the ratio of rich feed and forage was 8: 2, when SBR was replaced, and when PP was replaced, and SBR or PP By replacing the total number of works by five days can be seen that compared with the conventional.

Therefore, it can be seen that even if a part of rice straw is replaced with SBR rubber once, the physical effect of rice straw can be exhibited.

<Example 4>

In feeding rumen animal feed with a ratio of rich feed and forage at 8: 2, 30-60% of the forage was replaced with SEBS in the form of straw straw (2 mm wide, 3 mm long, 7 cm long) as a substitute for forage. And, Table 7 to Table 9 show the results according to.

In addition, the SEBS can be made in the form of round, rectangle, or ribbon for the replacement of forage. In the case of round and rectangle, the length is within 2 ~ 3cm which is enough to pass through the rumen, and within 2cm × 12cm for the ribbon type. Length form is preferred.

Looking at the data shown in the following [Table 7], the total number of operations in the ruminant was 173.5 × 10 ² times in the past, compared to the 279 × 10 ² circuit is maintained significantly when replacing 60% by weight of the forage with SEBS You can check it.

Substitution amount of SEBS Total number of shots in ruminant (× 10 ² ) Authors per ruminant none 173.5 56.8 30 wt% 173.9 56.5 60% by weight 279.0 56.5

In addition, as shown in the following [Table 8], the total number of beasts increased from 342 rice straws to 60% by weight and increased to 410 times. It can be seen that the significantly increased from 50.7 to 67.9 times, Table 9 compares the chewing and rubbing time under the same conditions.

Substitution amount of SEBS Total monster () Mastication time per second Number of Works per Piece Egg mass per rumen none 342 53.5 50.7 1.1 30 wt% 372 50.6 47.0 1.2 60% by weight 410 72.2 67.9 0.8

SEBS replacement amount of forage Total Feed Time Total rumination time Total writing time none 102.7 305.2 407.9 30 wt% 102.4 312.8 415.2 60% by weight 113.5 494.6 608.3

Therefore, it can be seen that even if a part of rice straw is replaced with SEBS, the physical effects of rice straw can be expressed in the same manner.

In addition, although some specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it is apparent that the polymer synthetic fibrous substitute for ruminants of the present invention may be variously modified and implemented by those skilled in the art.

However, such modified embodiments should not be individually understood from the technical spirit or the prospect of the present invention, and such modified embodiments shall fall within the appended claims of the present invention.

As described above, the present invention replaces the ruminant forage that is insufficient in Korea, and partially replaces the polymer synthetic fiber, so that the total feed intake time, the total working time, the total rumination time, and the total number of times compared with the conventional straw straw alone. And by increasing the total number of monsters it is possible to prevent the sudden drop of pH in the rumen to obtain the physical effect of intake control and rumination promotion.

Claims (2)

A ruminant feed substitute for ruminant, characterized in that a part of a polymer synthetic fiber having a specific gravity in the range of 0.70 to 0.90 is replaced in the feed of a ruminant in which a rich feed and a feed are mixed at a predetermined ratio. The method according to claim 1, The polymer synthetic fiber, ruminant forage substitutes, characterized in that 30 to 60% by weight of the forage in the form of a filament, film, ribbon, round, rectangle, etc. are replaced.