KR20020066495A - Object oriented management method and system for visual control of 3-dimensional complex geographic information - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A system for visualizing 3D geographic information is provided to present real-time geographic information composed of 3D data in a 3D GIS(Geographic Information System), and to control the presented information in a 3D method, thereby visualizing the 3D geographic information. CONSTITUTION: A scene action(11) presents real-time geographic information composed of 3D data to support complex picture in a 3D GIS(Geographic Information System), and controls the presented information in a 3D method. A scene graph group(12) displays a scene graph presenting quality information for making the real-time geographic information an object. An interaction group(13) processes a user's operation to show a 3D virtual space in a 3D method. An interpolator group(14) supports consecutive navigation.

Description

Object oriented management method and system for visual control of 3-dimensional complex geographic information}

The present invention relates to a three-dimensional composite geographic information visualization system, an object-oriented operation method and a computer-readable recording medium recording a program for realizing the method, in particular three-dimensional data in a three-dimensional geographic information system (3D GIS) The present invention relates to a three-dimensional complex geographic information visualization system and an object-oriented operation method for effectively displaying and controlling three-dimensional geographic information in a real world, and to a computer-readable recording medium recording a program for realizing the method. will be.

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention belongs to the field of geometric modeling for the visualization of geographic objects optimized for Geographic Information System (GIS) in relation to the design of a three-dimensional scene graph. Compared to the visualization of geographic objects through general geometric modeling, the modeling required by geographic information system requires an optimal simplified form considering the system's performance and user's awareness.

Here, geometric modeling for visualization is to simply represent the shape of an object to determine a mathematical model that best represents the shape while maintaining the improved performance of the system. Conventional techniques for 3D GIS have not been well established for the mathematical model for representation, and for buildings that occupy most geographic information, the buildings are represented by the use of rectangular extrusion or vertical extrusion of polygonal cross section. . New technologies invented for such prior art belong to the improved geometrical modeling of geographic information for GIS. In other words, it is a technology that supports information expressing the relative relationship between geographic information, attribute information, and geographic information in a subordinate relationship, while belonging to the existing category of geometric modeling for GIS.

Secondly, as a technical field of operation method, this field is to design the structure that can be operated after determining the shape, material, and expression form of the building as the modeling result of the geographic information building. Data structures that manage and operate building objects modeled in different ways in a consistent manner have been developed, ranging from simple array structures to complex graph structures. The basic method of operating the modeled 3D objects can be divided into the method of locating each object well in the designed structure and the method of effective operation based on it. In the present invention, each object is classified into an independent object and a dependent object, and a simple independent object is classified into a complex object by dividing an object consisting of a simple object, a collection of one object, and a dependent object existing therein. The data structure is constructed and operated according to the classification. That is, in general, an object may have both a simple object and a complex object. Objects in this state are configured to be integrated and managed in a group, and when the scene is composed, one of two types can be selected as necessary to operate the scene.

In addition, when developing three-dimensional GIS software using the present invention, it implements a three-dimensional virtual space in addition to geometric objects, and provides a design for providing a convenient operation and simulation to the user. That is, in addition to geometric object data, information such as texture of objects, expression method, location, and user's viewpoint position, interaction function for three-dimensional manipulation, basic navigation necessary for browsing virtual space, and simulation for advanced manipulator Is provided.

Therefore, in the current technical field, first, the geometric prototype model constituting the 3D object is defined and standard modeling is performed to visualize it, that is, the geometric information of the basic three-dimensional shape can be generally calculated and drawn using the graphic library. By providing a framework, a method of controlling basic three-dimensional shapes is required. Second, by proposing and implementing a structure that can compose a scene by defining mutual relations between each basic geometrical object, the relative / Intuitive control of absolute relationships (location, dependencies) is required. Third, the basic model of user interaction and the standard interface are suggested for the software that handles 3D geographic information objects. Three-dimensional control of objects through a variety of time zones Integrating functions such as providing navigation in a point, and providing a realistic feeling through a background and a fog effect is required to construct a software intuitively and conveniently.

The present invention has been proposed to meet the above-mentioned demands, and effectively represents the real world geographic information composed of three-dimensional data in a three-dimensional geographic information system (3D GIS), and three-dimensional for three-dimensionally controlling it. It is an object of the present invention to provide a complex geographic information visualization system, an object-oriented operation method, and a computer-readable recording medium recording a program for realizing the method.

1 is an overall configuration diagram of an embodiment of a three-dimensional composite geographic information visualization system according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a detailed configuration diagram of a scenegraph group for each object for visualizing the three-dimensional geographic information component of FIG. 1. FIG.

3 is a detailed configuration diagram of a geometry object group (Geometry Oject Group) for showing the texture, surface state position, etc. of the scenegraph group of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a detailed configuration diagram of an interaction group that provides a function to enable various browsing of geographic information through the user manipulation of FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an interpolator group for supporting information or experiment effectively through the continuous navigation of FIG. 1. FIG.

6 is a flowchart illustrating an object-oriented operation method for constructing a 3D composite geographic information visualization system according to the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings

11: scene control unit 12: scene graph group

13: interaction structure group 14: viewpoint interpolation structure group

The present invention for achieving the above object, in the three-dimensional composite geographic information visualization system, effectively represents the geographic information of the real world consisting of three-dimensional data to support the composite feature in the three-dimensional geographic information system (3D GIS) Scene control means for controlling this in three dimensions; Scenegraph display means for displaying a scenegraph representing texture information for objectization and expression of real-world geographic information under the control of the scene control means; User manipulation processing means for processing a user's manipulation to show a three-dimensional virtual space in a three-dimensional manner under the control of the scene control means; And viewpoint interpolation processing means for supporting continuous navigation according to the processing result of the user manipulation processing means under the control of the scene control means.

In addition, the present invention, in the object-oriented operation method applied to the three-dimensional composite geographic information visualization system, geographic information of the real world consisting of three-dimensional data to support a composite feature in a three-dimensional geographic information system (3D GIS) A first step of generating a scene control group capable of effectively indicating and controlling the stereoscopically; Generating a scenegraph group representing texture information for objectization and representation of real-world geographic information, and connecting the generated scenegraph group to the scene control group; A third step of generating an interaction structure group that processes a user's manipulation so as to display a three-dimensional virtual space in a three-dimensional manner, and linking the generated interaction group to the scene control group; And generating a viewpoint interpolation structure group supporting continuous navigation and connecting the generated viewpoint interpolation structure group to the scene control group.

In addition, the present invention effectively represents the geographic information of the real world composed of three-dimensional data in the three-dimensional composite geographic information visualization system having a processor to support the composite feature in a three-dimensional geographic information system (3D GIS), A first function of generating a scene control group capable of controlling this in three dimensions; A second function of generating a scenegraph group representing texture information for objectization and representation of real-world geographic information and linking the generated scenegraph group to the scene control group; A third function of generating an interaction structure group that processes a user's manipulation so as to display a three-dimensional virtual space in a three-dimensional manner, and linking the generated interaction group to the scene control group; And a computer-readable recording medium on which a program for realizing a fourth function of generating a viewpoint interpolation structure group supporting continuous navigation and linking the generated viewpoint interpolation structure group to the scene control group is provided.

The present invention also provides a database management apparatus including a processor, comprising: a scene graph structure representing texture information for objectization and expression of real world geographic information; An interaction structure that processes a user's manipulation to present a three-dimensional virtual space in a three-dimensional manner; A viewpoint interpolation structure supporting continuous navigation according to a method defined by the interaction structure; And a computer-readable recording medium on which data having a scene control structure for performing geographic information visualization by integrated management of the structures is recorded.

The above objects, features and advantages will become more apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is an overall configuration diagram of an embodiment of a three-dimensional complex geographic information visualization system according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the three-dimensional composite geographic information visualization system effectively represents the geographic information of the real world composed of three-dimensional data to support a composite feature in a three-dimensional geographic information system (3D GIS). SceneGraph Group (SceneGraph Group) for displaying a scene graph representing texture information for objectization and expression of real-world geographic information under the control of the SceneAction 11 and the SceneControl 11 12) and under the control of the scene control unit 11, the interaction group 13 and the scene control unit 11 for processing the user's operation so that the three-dimensional virtual space can be displayed in a stereoscopic manner. Below, an interpolator group 14 is provided for supporting continuous navigation.

Here, the scene control (SceneAction) is a structure for controlling the scene graph is a class that contains the scene graph information as a member (memeber). This class is the largest class that contains Interaction and Interpolator. It is used most comprehensively for visualization of 3D geographic information.

Also, the scene graph (SceneGraph) is a sum of static geometric objects to be configured for 3D visualization. At this time, the static geometric objects forming the scene include those that are meaningful as features in the geographic information system and those that exist for the sensory effect in the virtual space. For example, there are meaningful objects such as roads and buildings and things to give a sense of reality such as clouds and fog. Such objects are organized in the form of a tree, a data structure on a computer. The tree structure for the scene is called the scene graph.

In addition, the interaction structure is a class included in the scene control class, and is responsible for direct user manipulation of the 3D virtual space. This class is designed to implement 3D object selection, three-dimensional browsing, virtual walking, and flying through the mouse or keyboard.

Also, the interpolator is a class that is in charge of navigation. According to the navigation method, flight simulation and car navigation can be distinguished. The viewpoint interpolation structure is implemented to enable continuous operation by calculating the weekly position through a spline or linear method.

In addition, a group is a class that implements belonging to a node of a tree structure, and each element described above has a form. Therefore, a meaningful structure is obtained by forming a meaningful structure in a lower node. For example, locations, textures, shapes, and methods for visualization are gathered to determine the three-dimensional shape of an object.

FIG. 2 is a detailed configuration diagram of a scenegraph group for each object for visualizing the three-dimensional geographic information component of FIG. 1.

As shown in FIG. 2, the scene graph group 12 displays a scene graph representing texture information for objectization and expression of real-world geographic information under the control of the scene control unit 11. Environment Group 210 for adjustment and Geometry Object Group 220 for representing three-dimensional geometry.

Herein, the environment group 210 includes a fog element 230 for a fog effect, a background element 235 for adjusting a background, and a transform element 240 for moving a background position. And a light element 245 for the lighting effect.

The geometric object group 220 includes a scene extent element 250 for setting a range of a scene, a geometry element 260 for representing a geometric shape of a three-dimensional geographic element, and a geometry element. Attributes element 270 for controlling the attributes of the object, Appearance element 280 for adjusting the appearance of the three-dimensional geographic object, and Transform element for moving the position of the three-dimensional geographic object 290.

FIG. 3 is a detailed configuration diagram of a geometry object group (Geometry Oject Group) for indicating texture, surface state position, etc. of the scenegraph group of FIG. 2.

FIG. 3 is a view illustrating in detail the components of each of the geometric elements 260, the exterior elements 280, and the transformation elements 290 constituting the geometric object group 220 illustrated in FIG. 2. same.

First, the geometric element 260 includes a primitive element 350 for representing a simple three-dimensional shape such as a cube, a cylinder, and a cone, and a simple extrusion element for representing a single simple injection shape. 355, a complex extrusion element 360 for representing a plurality of complex injection shapes, and a wireframe model element 365 for representing any form of three-dimensional geometric shape. do.

In addition, the exterior element 280 may include a coloring element 330 for adjusting the color of the geometric object and a light / material element 335 for adjusting the reflectance and material of the geometric element 250. ) And a texture element 340 for adjusting the texture of the geometric element 250.

Finally, the translation element 290 includes a translation element 310 for adjusting the horizontal or vertical movement of the geometric object, a rotation element 315 for adjusting the rotational movement of the geometric object, and It consists of a scale element 320 for controlling the enlargement and reduction of the geometric object.

FIG. 4 is a detailed configuration diagram of an interaction group that provides a function to enable various browsing of geographic information through the user manipulation of FIG. 1.

As shown in FIG. 4, the interaction structure group 13 is largely composed of a view interaction structure 410 and a selection interaction structure 420.

Here, the view interaction structure 410 for adjusting the user's view of the three-dimensional geographic world includes an examic view element 430 for observing the three-dimensional geographic world, and a three-dimensional geography. It consists of a WalkView element 435 for creating the same effect as a user walking in the world and a FlyView element 440 for displaying the effect of a user flying in a three-dimensional geographic world. The observation point element 430, the walking point element 435, and the flight point element 440 are associated with a user's Viewpoint element 445 for the three-dimensional geographic world.

In addition, a selection interaction structure 420 for adjusting a user's selection of a 3D geographic object may include a picking element for determining whether the user's mouse pointer and the geographic object are graphically intersected. 450) and a selection element 455 that selects a three-dimensional geographic object using the selection element 450, and the selection element 450 and the selection element 455 are information of a scene. Information) element 460 is associated.

FIG. 5 is a detailed configuration diagram of an interpolator group that supports to effectively provide or experiment with information through the continuous navigation of FIG. 1.

As shown in FIG. 5, the interpolation structure group 14 needs an interpolation element that calculates a specific position and time on a path that a camera or an object moves when given a navigation path and time, which is largely linear. Interpolation element 510 and Spline Interpolation 520 element.

The location information on the navigation path generated through the linear interpolation element 510 and the nonlinear interpolation element 520 is used as an input of an interpolation input 530, and the interpolation input 530 is used to input a camera or an object. A behavior controller element 540 for moving along the navigation path and a time object element 550 for adjusting the navigation time.

The navigation path and the navigation time generated by the interpolation inputter 530 are used as inputs of a car-navigation 560 element and a flight-simulation 570 element.

6 is a flowchart illustrating an object-oriented operation method for constructing a 3D composite geographic information visualization system according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 6, in order to configure a 3D composite geographic information visualization system, a scene control group is first created (601).

In operation 602, a scene graph group is generated and connected to the scene control group generated in step 601.

In addition, the environment group is created and connected to the scene graph group generated in step 602 (603).

Next, a geometric object group is generated and connected to the scene graph group generated in step 602 (operation 604).

Then, geometry, attributes, appearances, and transformation elements are generated and connected to the geometry object group created in step 604 (605).

Then, it is determined whether the geometry objects have been read (606), and if there are still geometric objects to be read, the geometry, attributes, appearances, and transformation elements are generated for all the geometry objects, and then the geometry objects created in the above process (604) After repeating the process of connecting to the group (605), if the geometry objects have been read, a view interpolation structure group is generated and connected to the scene control group created in step (601) (607).

The interaction structure group is generated and connected to the scene control group generated in step 601 (608).

The method of the present invention as described above may be implemented as a program and stored in a computer-readable recording medium (CD-ROM, RAM, ROM, floppy disk, hard disk, magneto-optical disk, etc.).

The present invention described above is not limited to the above-described embodiments and the accompanying drawings, and various substitutions, modifications, and changes are possible in the art without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. It will be apparent to those of ordinary knowledge.

As described above, the present invention has the effect of effectively improving the development of software using a data structure and an operation method for effectively visualizing and retrieving three-dimensional geographic information and effectively handling user interaction.

Second, it is possible to construct and design 3D stereoscopic data quickly and effectively using the graph structure, and the scene can be composed by inputting basic information without having to draw the object in detail using the provided scene graph library. It works.

Third, in terms of user interaction, software modularization and easy interaction modules can be implemented by using technologies for input devices such as a mouse and a keyboard of the computer and navigation for efficiently searching geographic information.

Claims (9)

In the 3D compound geographic information visualization system, Scene control means for effectively displaying geographic information composed of three-dimensional data so as to support a composite feature in a three-dimensional geographic information system (3D GIS) and controlling it in three dimensions; Scenegraph display means for displaying a scenegraph representing texture information for objectization and expression of real-world geographic information under the control of the scene control means; User manipulation processing means for processing a user's manipulation to show a three-dimensional virtual space in a three-dimensional manner under the control of the scene control means; And View interpolation processing means for supporting continuous navigation according to the processing result of the user manipulation processing means under the control of the scene control means 3D composite geographic information visualization system comprising a. The method of claim 1, The scene graph display means, It consists of an Environment Group that controls the visualization environment of the scene and a Geometry Object Group to represent 3D geometry. The environment group is composed of a fog element for the fog effect, a background element for adjusting the background, an Xform element for the background moving position, and a light element for the lighting effect. , The geometric object group includes scene scene elements for setting a range of a scene, geometry elements for representing geometric shapes of three-dimensional geographic elements, and attributes for controlling attributes of the geometric elements. A three-dimensional compound geographic information visualization system, comprising: an element, an appearance element for adjusting the appearance of the three-dimensional geographic object, and a transform element for moving the position of the three-dimensional geographic object. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The geometric object group, It consists of Geometry element to represent geometrical shape of 3D geographic element, Appearance element to control the appearance of 3D geographic object, and Transform element to move position of 3D geographic object But The geometric elements may include primitive elements for representing a simple three-dimensional shape such as a cube, a cylinder, and a cone, a simple extrusion element for representing a single simple injection shape, and a plurality of complex injection shapes. It consists of a complex extrusion element to be produced, and a wireframe model element to represent any form of three-dimensional geometric shape. The exterior element may include a coloring element for adjusting a color of a geometric object, a light / material element for adjusting a reflectance and a material of the geometric element, and a texture for adjusting a texture of the geometric element. Consisting of (Texture) elements, The transformation element may include a translation element for adjusting the horizontal or vertical movement of the geometric object, a rotation element for adjusting the rotational movement of the geometric object, and a scale for adjusting the expansion and contraction of the geometric object ( Scale) 3D compound geographic information visualization system, characterized in that consisting of. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The user operation means, It consists of a perspective interaction structure to control the user's view of the 3D geographic world and a selection interaction structure to control the user's selection of the 3D geographic object. The perspective interaction structure may include an observation viewpoint element for observing a three-dimensional geographic world, a walking viewpoint element and a user flying in a three-dimensional geographic world to produce an effect as a user walks in the three-dimensional geographic world. Consists of flight perspective elements to achieve the same effect, each of which is connected to the user's view of the three-dimensional geographic world, The selection interaction structure includes a selection element for determining whether the user's mouse pointer and a geographic object are graphically intersected, and a selection element for selecting a 3D geographic object using the selection element. Element and the selection element are connected to an information element of a scene. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The time interpolation processing means, Given a navigation path and time, it consists of linear and nonlinear interpolation elements that calculate the specific position and time on the path the camera or object is to travel. The location information on the navigation path generated through the linear interpolation element and the nonlinear interpolation element is used as an input of an interpolation input unit. The interpolation input unit is a behavior controller element for moving a camera or an object along a navigation path, and a navigation time. Consists of a time object element for adjustment, The navigation path and the navigation time generated by the interpolation input unit are used as inputs of a vehicle driving element and a flight simulation element. In the object-oriented operation method applied to the three-dimensional complex geographic information visualization system, A first step of generating a scene control group that effectively represents geographic information composed of three-dimensional data so as to support a composite feature in a three-dimensional geographic information system (3D GIS) and controls three-dimensionally; Generating a scenegraph group representing texture information for objectization and representation of real-world geographic information, and connecting the generated scenegraph group to the scene control group; A third step of generating an interaction structure group that processes a user's manipulation so as to display a three-dimensional virtual space in a three-dimensional manner, and linking the generated interaction group to the scene control group; And A fourth step of generating a view interpolation structure group supporting continuous navigation and linking the generated view interpolation structure group to the scene control group Object-oriented operation method of 3D complex geographic information visualization system comprising a. The method of claim 6, The second step, A fifth step of creating an environment group for controlling a visualization environment of a scene and connecting to the scene graph group; A sixth step of generating a geometric object group for representing a 3D geometric element and connecting the scene object to the scene graph group; And For all geometric objects, geometric elements to represent the geometrical shape of three-dimensional geographic elements, attribute elements to control the properties of geometric elements, appearance elements to control the appearance of three-dimensional geographic objects, and positions of three-dimensional geographic objects A seventh step of creating a transform element for movement and linking to the geometric object group Object-oriented operation method of 3D complex geographic information visualization system comprising a. In the three-dimensional composite geographic information visualization system having a processor, A first function of effectively displaying a geographic information composed of three-dimensional data so as to support a composite feature in a three-dimensional geographic information system (3D GIS) and creating a scene control group capable of controlling three-dimensionally; A second function of generating a scenegraph group representing texture information for objectization and representation of real-world geographic information and linking the generated scenegraph group to the scene control group; A third function of generating an interaction structure group that processes a user's manipulation so as to display a three-dimensional virtual space in a three-dimensional manner, and linking the generated interaction group to the scene control group; And A fourth function of generating a viewpoint interpolation structure group supporting continuous navigation and linking the generated viewpoint interpolation structure group to the scene control group A computer-readable recording medium having recorded thereon a program for realizing this. In a database management device having a processor, A scene graph structure representing texture information for objectization and representation of real world geographic information; An interaction structure that processes a user's manipulation to present a three-dimensional virtual space in a three-dimensional manner; A viewpoint interpolation structure supporting continuous navigation according to a method defined by the interaction structure; And Scene control structure that integrates and manages the structures to visualize geographic information The computer-readable recording medium having the data recorded thereon.