KR20020053056A - Device and method for forming a recess in a workpiece - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus for forming a recess in a workpiece, the apparatus comprising a tool (30) which is moved by a forward feeding mechanism (31), said tool (30) being the workpiece (3a-3e). ) Is provided with at least one working element 35 (35a-35d) which creates recesses 2a-2d.

According to the present invention, the tool having at least one working element 35; 35a-35d includes a front end 38 with a width substantially corresponding to the axial extension 1 of the recess 2a-2d to be formed. A work zone 40 extending from the end 39 to its opposite end 39 and shaped like an edge; The work zone 40 rises from the base 36 of the tool 30 to a height h corresponding to the depth t of the recesses 2a-2d being formed; The apparatus 1 comprises mechanisms 10, 11; 20, 21 by which a working force acting in a working direction B different from the feeding direction is thereby exerted on the tool 30.

Description

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR FORMING A RECESS IN A WORKPIECE

It is known from Applicant's DE-PS 197 42 820 that the mandrel is inserted into the tubular workpiece. The main shaft body is provided with groove-like recesses that extend in the axial direction beyond the defined length in the azimuth direction over the defined distance with a defined depth. Such grooved recesses are used to create recesses in the workpiece that extend in the axial direction of the workpiece at least a defined length and in the azimuthal direction at least a defined circumferential angle of the tubular workpiece. Therefore, for example, it is necessary to form a recess in the tubular work piece which is required when it is installed on the rear side of the pipe of the head seat of the stop notch of the automobile. The use of the spindle is safe within the limits applied. However, there is a defect that can occur in pipes, especially in the case of thin-walled tubular pieces, which damages the pipes which are transmitted forward by the impact of forming tools operating on the outer surface of the tubular workpiece.

US 2,171,371 discloses a device for forming a recess in a workpiece with a tool to be moved forward by a forward feeding mechanism. The tool has at least one work element that operates on the workpiece to form the recess. The work element has an elliptical center hole, from which two U-shaped holes extend in a radially opposite direction, each U-shaped hole having an edge-shaped cutting edge. To form a recess in the workpiece, the workpiece is inserted into the central hole of the work element, and then the work element moves forward. The forward movement causes the first U-shaped hole to operate in the work piece, forming a first semi-circular part of the recess of the work piece. Next, the tool is moved in a direction opposite to the previous feeding direction, and the next 2U-shaped hole affects the forming operation of the second part of the recess, and the recess is then along the entire circumference of the workpiece. It leads.

The present invention relates to an apparatus for forming a recess in a workpiece, the tool including a tool moved forward by the forward feeding mechanism, in which at least one work element for creating the recess is provided in the workpiece, as in the corresponding method. will be.

1 shows schematically a first embodiment of a device according to the invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross sectional view of the device taken along line B-B in FIG. 1; FIG.

3 is a cross-sectional view of the device taken along line A-A of FIG.

4 shows three embodiments of a tool used in the apparatus according to the invention.

It is an object of the present invention to provide, in a simple manner, a device of the type described above which is used to form a flat recess in a thin walled tubular workpiece, as in the corresponding method.

The object is to at least one work element being edge-shaped and having a width corresponding generally to the axial extension of the formed recess, extending from the front end to its opposite end, the working region having a depth of the formed recess. Is raised from the base of the tool to a height corresponding to; The mechanism is solved by an apparatus according to the invention, comprising a mechanism in which working forces acting in a working direction different from the feeding direction are applied to the tool.

The object comprises at least one work element having a work zone in which the tool used extends from the front end to the opposite end of the work zone in the width direction and is edged in the feed direction, the width being generally defined by the formed recess. According to the invention, which is the same as the axial extension and rises in the height direction from the base of the tool, the height is at least the depth of the recess to be formed, and the tool is subjected to a work force having a working direction different from the feeding direction. It is further solved by the method.

The specific contents of the present invention are defined by the appended claims, the detailed description of which is described below through the embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1-3 show schematically a device 1 for forming recesses 2a-2d (see FIG. 4) in the work piece 3a-3e. The apparatus 1 comprises a mounting mechanism 10 for holding the workpieces 3a-3e in the mounting unit 10 in a position where the workpieces 3a-3e are fixed by clamping and are well formed. The mounting mechanism 10 is movable in the direction of the double-headed arrow X by the supply mechanism 11, and is moved from the working position shown in Fig. 1 to the loading position for loading and unloading of the mounting mechanism 10, and It will be moved back to the working position. The supply mechanism 10 of the mounting mechanism 10 is preferably operated by hydraulic or pneumatic means or by a motor. The piston 12 of the supply mechanism 11 operates in the mounting mechanism 10. The forward and backward movement of the supply mechanism 11 is made by inducing a compression working medium into the piston chamber 13.

The pressing mechanism 20 is installed at a position opposite to the mounting mechanism 10. The pressing mechanism is movable by the feeding mechanism 21 in the direction of the double arrow X 'as described further below. The piston 22 of the supply mechanism 21 operates in the pressing mechanism 20. The piston 22 is capable of moving forward and backward by inducing a pressurized working medium into the piston chamber 23 of the supply mechanism 21. Between the mounting mechanism 10 and the pressing mechanism 20, a tool 30 is inserted by a supply mechanism 31 comprising a piston 32 guided to the piston chamber 33. The tool 30 guided by the guide element 25 of the pressing mechanism 20 has a plurality of recesses 2a-each formed by one work piece 3a-3e, as best shown in FIG. A plurality of work elements 35a-35d corresponding to 2d) are installed.

3 best represents the shape of the tool 30. The tool has a base 36 on which work elements 35a-35d are disposed. As best seen in FIG. 4, each work element 35a-35d has an edge shape front portion 37 of the work element 35a-35d from the acute angled tip 38 from the work area. It is shaped edge-shaped in a manner that extends to the end of 40. The width b of the edge-shaped work zone 40 at the end 39 is equal to the axial extension of the corresponding recesses 2a-2d. In a corresponding manner, the edge-shaped work zones 40 of the work elements 35a-35d are formed at a height h which basically corresponds to the depth t of each recess 2a-2d. It is lifted from the tip 38 arranged on the base 36.

In order to form four recesses 2a-2d on the work piece 3a-3e-corresponding to the work elements 35a-35d on the tool 30-first, the mounting mechanism 10 is provided with a supply mechanism. Moved remotely from the working position shown in FIG. 1 by 11, the work pieces 3a-3e are inserted into the appropriate spaces 10a-10e of the mounting mechanism 10. As shown in FIG. Next, the mounting mechanism 10 is moved back to its working position. Then, the supply mechanism 31 correlated with the tool 30 moves the tool 30 along the guide element 25 of the pressing mechanism 20 into a space between the mounting mechanism 10 and the pressing mechanism 20. . When the front end, preferably the tip 38 of the first work element 35a of the tool 30, engages with the work piece 3a at the foremost part in the feed direction, the feed mechanism 21 correlates therewith. The tool 30 receives the vibrating work force acting in the working direction B, which is performed by moving the pressing mechanism 20 in the retraction and the forward direction. Preferably, the application of this oscillating force is such that the working force acting on the tool 30 generally orthogonally is exerted in such a way that it periodically changes between the minimum value and the maximum value and reverses at one point in time. The minimum value, which means that the pressing mechanism 20 moves the tool 30 remotely from the workpiece 3a-3e in a stroke, can be located within the zero range or can take a negative value. Simultaneously with the application of the hammer-like force to the tool 30 by the pressing mechanism 20 in the working direction B which is generally orthogonal to the feeding direction of the feeding mechanism 21, the tool 30 is fed to the feeding mechanism. By 31 is moved in the forward direction continuously or almost continuously or in a separate step. This supply operation can also occur in the vibration mode, and the supply force affecting the supply operation also takes a negative value to a minimum, so that the supply mechanism 31 is moved in the forward direction again in the secondary forward direction stroke, In time, the tool 30 is moved in the retraction direction at the reverse stroke at this point.

The superimposition of the hammer-like force acting in the direction substantially orthogonal to the feeding direction on the tool and the constant interruption or vibratory feeding operation of the tool forms the recesses 2a-2d in the work pieces 3a-3e. In combination with the above-described edge-shape of the work elements 35a-35d in an advantageous manner, which can be done using only a suitable low work force operating only locally advantageously in the corresponding area of the recesses 2a-2d. Resulting in significantly reduced loading material. This feature makes the above-described process particularly suitable for thin wall pipes or tubes, which are introduced into the entity during the forming process through the cracking of the wall material of the work piece 3a-3e in the region of the recesses 2a-2d. There is no danger and it is possible to form current recesses.

As shown in Fig. 3, preferably, the individual work elements 35a and 35d of the tool 30 are staggered in the feeding direction. This approach has the advantage that the formation of the individual recesses 2a-2d in the workpieces 3a-3e is achieved with the reduced working force exerted by the feed mechanism 31. As described above, the tip 38 of the first work element 35a in this staggered arrangement first operates on the work piece 3a. Then, in an additional feeding operation of the tool 30, the front zone 37 of the work element 35a along the tip 38 acts on the wall 3a 'of the tubular workpiece 3a, thereby giving a first The formation of the recess is continuously placed on the work piece 3a. Next, the tip 38 of the second work element 35b acts on the wall of the first work piece 3a so that the second recess 2b is successively formed in the work piece 3a in turn. In a similar manner, the third and fourth recessed portions 2c, 2d are successively formed by the work elements 35c, 35d separately on the first work piece 3a, and as described above, the pressing mechanism 20 The hammer-like force generated by the force and the supply operation of the tool 30 generated by the correlated feed mechanism 31 are applied to the tool 30, and accordingly to the working elements 35a to 35d.

After the first work element 35a traverses the first work piece 3a, its tip 38 operates on the second work piece 3b. During an additional feeding operation, the first recess in the second work piece 3b is created by the first work element 35a. Next, the other work elements 35b-35d of the tool 30 in turn form the second to fourth recesses of the second work piece 3b. Next, the product made of the recessed portion of the work piece 3c-3e is used as a place through which the additional feeding operation of the tool 30 passes.

Providing staggered work elements 35a-35d in the feed direction extends from end 39 of work zone 40 to ends 35a '-35d' of work elements 35a-35d, Its rear section 41 in the area along the effective working zone 40 in the feeding direction is such that the working zone 40 of the working elements 35a-35d once has a recess 2a-in the workpiece 3a-3e. Passing through 2d) is designed in such a way that it does not interfere with the feeding operation of the tool 30, for example, the rear section 41 of each work zone 40 is connected to the work elements 35a-35d. It is designed in such a way that it slides through the recess formed directly by the work zone 40.

The above description assumes that the vibrating force acting on the tool 30 in the working direction B is generated by the proper movement of the feed mechanism 21 of the pressing mechanism 20. Alternatively, in addition to the vibrating movement of the pressing mechanism 20, the hammer-like working force acting on the tool 30 is generated, in whole or in part, by the mounting mechanism 20 when the supply mechanism 21 is omitted. The mounting mechanism 10 can be moved by the correlation supply mechanism 11 in position.

In some applications, the lateral force exerted on the tool 30 is not sufficient because of the sufficient vibration feeding action on the tool 30.

As shown in the three figures of FIG. 4 showing through preferred examples, different modified recess geometries formed in accordance with the method described herein are described. The bottom view in FIG. 4 shows a semi-circular recess 2c provided with a corresponding work zone 40 of a suitable semi-conical working element 35.

4 is a diagram showing an approximately rectangular recess 2b in which the edge-shaped work zone 40 clearly shows a suitable rectangular cross section.

The top view in FIG. 4 shows, for example, a substantially serrated recess 2a used as a fixing element of a headrest in an automobile. A locking face 2a ", which extends in a direction generally perpendicular to the axial direction of the workpiece 3, and a locking bevel 2a", which extends generally in the axial direction of the workpiece 3, are provided in this case. Thus, the work zone 40 of the work element 35 is designed in a right triangle when viewed from the side as in the upper view.

As can be appreciated by associating the two upper work elements 35 shown in Fig. 4, the edge-shaped work zone is provided with a recess 43 on its surface which is well arranged in an intersecting shape. This way there is no action on the workpiece 3 in the region of the recess 43, such that the influence of the work element 35 and the applied force increase on the opposite side to the recess 43.

As described above, the work elements 35a-35d are guaranteed to act generally orthogonally to the work pieces 3a-3e. Work elements 35a-35d can be arranged on the base 36 of the tool 30 in such a way that they operate under defined angles on the workpieces 3a-3e. Therefore, relief parts can be formed in the recessed parts 2a-2d.

Furthermore, as described above, the workpiece 3a-3e is mounted at the fixed position on the mounting mechanism 10, and concave not extending beyond the entire circumference of the workpiece 3a-3e by the method described above. It is guaranteed that an addition can be made. However, during the work of the workpieces 3a-3e, they can be produced and provided with recesses 2a-2d which rotate along their longitudinal axis and extend beyond a defined angle or over the entire circumference of the workpiece. It is.

The instrument described above is particularly suitable for the replay of splines in tubular workpieces, especially in thin-walled workpieces. Thus, the tool 30 is provided with an appropriate number of work elements 35a-35d to space the work elements 35a-35d apart, and in such a simple manner as to be mutually coupled as described above. Or it can be at least a cross section which is mutually coupled as described above. If the tool 30 is provided with splines with more recesses than the work elements 35a-35d, the device 1 preferably has an additional supply mechanism, not shown, by means of which the workpiece ( 3a-3e) can be moved forward in the axial direction after the first working process as implemented by the tool 30.

Claims (29)

The tool 30 is provided with one or more work elements 35 (35a-35d) for creating the recesses 2a-2d in the workpiece 3a-3e and moved by the forward direction feed mechanism 31. 1. An apparatus for forming a recess in a workpiece, comprising: an axial extension of the recess 2a-2d in the shape of an edge and formed in at least one working element 35; 35a-35d. A work zone 40 is provided which extends from its front end 38 to the opposite end 39 with a width corresponding to; The work zone 40 rises from the base 36 of the tool 30 to a height h corresponding to the depth t of the recesses 2a-2d to be formed; The apparatus 1 is characterized in that the work piece comprises mechanisms 10, 11; 20, 21, by which a working force acting in a working direction B different from the feeding direction is applied to the tool 30. On the recess forming apparatus. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the work force is a vibration force, preferably a periodic vibration force. 3. Apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the working force acting in the working direction (B) on the tool (30) varies between a maximum value and a minimum value. The tool 30 according to claim 3, wherein the minimum value of the hammer-like force applied to the tool 30 is applied after the force is applied to the tool 30 in a forward stroke by the mechanisms 10, 11; 20, 21. The apparatus for forming recesses in a workpiece according to claim 1, wherein ≤ 0, to move remotely from one or more workpieces in a subsequent reverse stroke. The recess according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the device (1) comprises a mounting mechanism (10) for mounting one or more workpieces (3a-3e). Forming device. 6. The mounting mechanism (10) according to claim 5, characterized in that the mounting mechanism (10) comprises a supply mechanism (11), and the mounting mechanism (10) is movable by a supply mechanism (11) applying a working force to the tool (30). Concave forming device on the workpiece. The device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mechanism (21) comprises a pressing mechanism (20), the pressing mechanism (20) being disposed opposite the mounting mechanism (10). A recess forming device on the workpiece. 8. The recess of claim 7, wherein the press mechanism 20 comprises a feed mechanism 21 by which the press mechanism 20 is movable to engage the tool 30. Device. The tool 30 according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the tool 30 constantly, intermittently, or vibratingly holds the work pieces 3a-3e mounted to the mounting mechanism 10 by a supply mechanism. Recess forming apparatus on the workpiece, characterized in that movable to pass through. 10. The recess according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the supply mechanism (31) generates a supply operation force for the tool (30), the force varying in strength and direction. Department forming device. 12. The tool according to claim 10, wherein the supply operation force for the tool 30 is, in a subsequential reverse stroke, in the opposite direction to the supply direction, after a forward stroke in which the tool 30 is moved in the supply direction. The recess forming apparatus in the work piece which is generated by the supply mechanism 31 so that the backward direction operation | movement of 30 may be implemented. 12. The work zone 40 according to claim 1, wherein the work zone 40 of one or more work elements 35a-35d of the tool 30 has a rectangular, triangular, elliptical, polygonal or semicircular cross-sectional shape. A recess forming apparatus for a workpiece, characterized in that it is provided in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the tool. The work zone 40 according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one work zone 40 of the at least one work element 35a-35d of the tool 30 is in the longitudinal direction of the work zone 40. At least one recess (43) leading to the recess forming apparatus on the workpiece. 14. Work according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one working element (35a-35d) of the tool (30) is orthogonal to the base (36) of the tool (30). Device for forming recess in piece. 15. Work according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one working element (35a-35d) of the tool (30) is inclined with respect to the base (36) of the tool (30). Device for forming recess in piece. 16. The at least one feed mechanism (11, 21, 31) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising pneumatic or hydraulic actuating pistons (11 ', 21', 31 ') for the generation of working forces. Concave forming apparatus on the workpiece, characterized in that. 17. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one supply mechanism (12,22,32) is powered by a motor. 18. The workpiece according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two work elements (35a-35d) of the tool (30) are staggered in the feeding direction of the tool (30). Recess forming apparatus. 19. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the tool (30) is guided by a guide element (25) of the pressing mechanism (20). 20. The workpiece according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the device (1) comprises a mechanism for switching one or more workpieces (3a-3e) about its longitudinal axis. Recess forming apparatus. The recess according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the device (1) comprises a mechanism for advancing one or more workpieces (3a-3e) in its axial direction. Forming device. One or more work elements 35 (35a-35d) are operated to create recesses 2a-2d in the workpieces 3a-3e, and the tool 30 operating in the workpieces is provided with a feed mechanism 31 In the method of forming a recess in the workpiece, which is moved in the feeding direction by means of the tool, the tool 30 is formed in an edge shape in the feeding direction and from the front end 38 thereof with respect to the width b. One or more work elements 35 (35a-35d) having a work zone 40 extending to the opposite end 39 of 40; Rise from the base 36 of the tool 30 to a height h; The width b is substantially the same as the axial extension 1 of the recesses 2a-2d to be formed; The height h is at least the depth t of the recessed portions 2a-2d to be formed; The tool (30) is a method for forming a recess in the work piece, characterized in that the work force having a working direction (B) different from the supply direction. 23. A method according to claim 22, wherein the work force is a vibration force, preferably a periodic vibration force. 24. Method according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that the working force acting in the working direction (B) on the tool (30) varies between a maximum value and a minimum value. 25. The forward stroke of the tool (10, 11; 20, 21) of claim 24, wherein the minimum value of the hammer-like force exerted on the tool (30) is less than or equal to zero and the tool (30) generates a working force. And a tool 30 is moved remotely from one or more workpieces (3a-3e) in a subsequential reverse stroke. 26. The tool 30 according to any one of claims 22 to 25, wherein the tool 30 is consistent with respect to one or more workpieces 3a-3e mounted to the mounting mechanism 10 by means of a supply mechanism 31. A method of forming a recess in a workpiece, characterized in that it is moved intermittently or vibrating. 27. The concave part according to any one of claims 22 to 26, wherein the supply mechanism 31 generates a supply operation force for which the strength and direction of the force are changed for the tool 30. Formation method. 28. The tool according to claim 27, wherein after the forward stroke in which the tool 30 is moved in its feeding direction by the feeding mechanism 31 of the tool 30, in a subsequential reverse stroke, in a direction opposite to the feeding direction, A method of forming a recess in a work piece, characterized in that the feeding operation force is generated in such a manner that the retraction direction of the tool (30) of the tool (30) is implemented. In a work piece having at least one recess 2a-2d, the tool 30 having at least one recess 2a-2d has at least one work element 35; 35a-35d in the work zone 40. The work piece 3a-3e is formed in the work piece 3a-3e, and the work area 40 has an edge shape in the feeding direction of the tool 30, Starts from the front end 38 and extends to the opposite end 39 of the work zone 40 and starts at the base 36 of the tool 30 and rises to a height h; The width b is substantially the same as the axial extension 1 of the recesses 2a-2d to be formed; The height h is at least the depth t of the recessed portions 2a-2d to be formed; And said tool 30 is subjected to a working force operating in a working direction B different from the feeding direction.