KR20020047226A - Compact high-voltage electric light-bulb - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a small high voltage bulb. The luminous body, ie the bulb, comprises a triple coil in the form of a double-helix 4 composed of double-helixes 4a-4c. The present invention can produce a high voltage bulb having small size and high light intensity.

Description

Compact high voltage incandescent lamps {COMPACT HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC LIGHT-BULB}

Small halogen incandescent lamps with coiled-coil filaments are already known from EP-A 0 743 673. The coiled-coil filaments, in particular, traverse the lamp in a vertical axis and are arranged inside a cylindrical bulb. Specific data on operating voltages are not available in this application. However, it can be seen that it is not suitable for operation of at least 230V.

Compact halogen, using low-voltage to medium-voltage technology (e.g. 6 to 36V) and having a layer provided on the coiled-coil filament and bulb wall and reflecting infrared (IR) radiation Incandescent lamps are disclosed in GB-A 2 302 208. The coiled-coil filaments are disposed on the axis of the columnar portion of the bulb.

US-A 4,499,401 discloses an incandescent lamp with triple filaments arranged transversely to the lamp in a pear-shape bulb. This incandescent lamp has an Edison screw base and is suitable for 230V operation. However, due to the transverse arrangement of the filaments, they have a relatively high shape and are therefore not suitable for the field of projection.

Finally, HV incandescent lamps with multiple filament segments are also known, wherein each filament segment is fixed inside the bulb by a complex filament frame. However, the use of such lamps in optical reflectors has the disadvantage that the luminous quality is lowered. In particular, spatially extending and segmented incandescent filaments cause undesirable non-uniform brightness distribution.

The present invention relates to a small high voltage incandescent lamp.

The term high voltage incandescent lamp may generally be understood to include an incandescent lamp that can operate without the incorporation of a voltage transformer, such as a transformer or an electrical converter that directly converts to a system voltage of, for example, 115V or 230V.

In particular, it is a small high voltage halogen incandescent lamp, for example operating at a system voltage of 230V. In halogen incandescent lamps, bulbs typically filled with an inert gas such as N ₂ , Xe, Ar, and / or Kr are added with a halogen additive to maintain the tungsten-halogen cycle process to prevent bulb blackening. Is added.

This type of lamp is used with optical reflectors such as general light emitting and specific light emitting tasks, such as projection techniques.

As is already the case for low voltage halogen incandescent lamps, high voltage halogen incandescent lamps are also increasing in the direction of small lamp sizes. The miniaturization of lamps, in particular the light emitting elements of the lamps, is very important in the field of projection.

However, this replaces the large length of the wire typically required in the case of light emitting elements (incandescent filaments) for high voltage halogen incandescent lamps. The reason is related to the relationship between the electrical resistance R of the incandescent filament and the required power consumption P for a given supply voltage U. In particular, the relation P = U ² / R applies. Since the supply voltage U is in the secondary form in the above relation, the resistance of the incandescent filament must increase as it transitions from the low voltage to the high voltage region in order to realize the same power consumption of the lamp. The resistance (R) of the wire filaments is a function of the wire diameter and the wire length. Thus, in high voltage halogen incandescent lamps, the wires typically have a length between 1 m and 2 m, depending on the wire diameter and the power (here for example 50 μm and 150 W or 190 μm and 1000 W).

Thus, incandescent filaments are typically longer in a high voltage lamp than in a low voltage form compared to a given power consumption, wire diameter and filament pitch.

1A shows the interior of a high voltage halogen incandescent lamp with a double-helix light emitting element and a cylindrical bulb.

FIG. 1B rotates FIG. 1A by 90 °.

2A shows the interior of a high voltage halogen incandescent lamp with a double-helix light emitting element and an elliptical bulb.

FIG. 2B rotates FIG. 2A by 90 °.

3 shows the principle of manufacturing a double-held light emitting element with a double winding.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a small high voltage incandescent lamp. An additional feature is to provide higher light and efficiency and better luminous quality when used in optical reflectors.

This object is achieved by a lamp having the features of claim 1. Advantageous improvements appear in the dependent claims.

The claim also protects a luminous system having a lamp and an optical reflector according to the invention.

The small high voltage incandescent lamp according to the present invention comprises as a light emitting element a triple-helix type triple winding formed from a conventional double winding.

To illustrate the shape of the light emitting element, a double-helix can be regarded as a coiled-coil filament consisting of two spatially interlocking coiled-coil filament portions, with the two coiled-coil filaments being similar spiral bends However, it is implemented by rotating in reverse with respect to the current flow. These two helical bends are placed relatively apart from each other by approximately half of the pitch in the axial direction such that their two vertical axes coincide. Here, the pitch is defined as the distance at which the threaded bend completely rotates. The two coiled-coil filament portions are joined to each other at the first end of the light emitting element. At the opposite end of the light emitting element, the coiled-coil filament portions are each connected to a supply lead. The total system voltage is present on the supply leads during operation of the lamp. In a 230V AC voltage system, for example, this means a peak voltage of approximately 311V. An increased risk of voltage flashover and / or the resulting arc is in the initiation region immediately adjacent to the supply leads, among the two spatially interlocking coiled-coil filament parts. In order to at least reduce this risk, it may be advantageous to increase the pitch of this area, ie to provide an increasing pitch in the direction of the feed leads. In particular, the starting area of the two double-helix halves are adjacent as closely as necessary, but the overall length of the light emitting element does not excessively increase. Alternatively or in addition, it may also be advantageous to provide a double-helix diameter that increases in the direction of the feed lead.

In any case, the long incandescent wire required for the high voltage incandescent lamp in this manner is very small in the form of the triple winding described above, and can be designed as a single part configuration, i. In addition to miniaturization of the double-helical light emitting element, it is advantageous for its structure to be relatively sealed. Thus, in the case of a high voltage incandescent lamp, it is possible, firstly, to realize high luminous intensity and, secondly, in the case of installation in an optical reflector.

In the field of micro development, the main part of the bulb has a cylindrical shape with a circular cross section. In this case, the elongated double-helix is directed axially inside the cylindrical bulb. In this case, the light bulb and the light emitting elements are geometrically equivalent to each other, resulting in a microminiature structure of the lamp.

Furthermore, it may be desirable to provide a wall surface of a bulb having a layer that reflects infrared (IR) radiation, a method known per se in order to further increase efficiency (e.g. GB-A 2 302 208 cited above). Reference). This layer reflects back most of the infrared (IR) radiant power emitted by the light emitting element. The increase in lamp efficiency, on the one hand, can be used to increase the temperature of the light emitting element and to increase the luminous flux, given a constant power consumption. On the other hand, it is possible to realize the luminous flux described above with low power consumption-an advantageous "energy saving effect". A further beneficial effect is that due to the infrared (IR) layer, less infrared (IR) radiation is emitted through the bulb, so that the surrounding environment receives much less heat than conventional incandescent lamps.

In a preferred embodiment of a lamp with a layer that reflects infrared (IR) radiation, the main part of the bulb has an elliptical or at least approximately elliptical shape. This type of bulb allows for very efficient feedback of infrared (IR) radiation. More details on this are given in EP-A 0 765 528.

The present invention is explained in more detail below using examples.

Figures 1a, 1b schematically show a side view of a high voltage halogen incandescent lamp according to the invention pinned at one end and operated at a system voltage of 230V and rotated 90 degrees. Power consumption and luminous efficiency are 1000W and 25 lm / W, respectively.

The lamp is made of quartz glass and has a cylindrical bulb 1 shaped to form a dome with a closed tip 2 at one end. The bulb 1 is sealed at the other end using a pinch closure 3. As used in halogen incandescent lamps, the bulb 1 surrounds a halogen fill known per se. The filler component is a small amount of halogen, such as, for example, xenon (Xe) and nitrogen (N ₂ ) and dibromomethane (DBM). Fill pressure is approximately 3 bar.

The single light emitting element 4 is arranged axially inside the bulb 1. As shown enlarged in FIG. 1B, the light emitting element has a coiled-coil filament 4a-4c, known per se, made of a tungsten wire shaped to form a double-helix. The double-helix 4 has coiled-coil filament sections 4a and 4b that are two spatially interlocked in a spiral bent shape and are continuously joined to each other by an arced coiled-coil filament section 4c. do. In the helical bend shape, each of the portions 4a, 4b of the double-helix 4 rotates one turn and a half. The outer diameter and length of the double-helix 4 is approximately 11 mm and 16 mm, respectively. Thus, the double-helix light emitting element 4 operating at 230V system voltage and 1000W power consumption is compact.

The two single helical ends 5a, 5b of the light emitting element are fixed to the quartz beam 6 supported by the two wire pins 7a, 7b and also function as supply leads. Two wire pins 7a, 7b terminate in the pinch seal 3 and are connected to molybdenum foil 8a, 8b, respectively. Finally, the molybdenum foils 8a and 8b are connected to supply feed pins 9a and 9b, respectively, which are externally guided.

The end of the double-helical light emitting element 4 adjacent to the tip 2 is fixed using a holder 10 in which the coiled-coil filament part 4c is made of electric wire. For this purpose, the wire holder 10 forms an elongated bow 11 which terminates at the eye 11. The portion 4c connecting half of the two double-helix 4 is supported by this ring portion 11. The other end of the holder 10 is fixed in the quartz beam 6.

Optionally, the other end of the holder 10 may also extend up to the pinch closure 3. In this case, since the holder is fixed directly to the pinch closure, the above-mentioned quartz beam 6 can be removed. In some circumstances, for example, if a large wire diameter is provided so that the stability of the filament is high enough, it is also possible to remove the entire holder.

The halogen incandescent lamps of FIGS. 1A and 1B have a triple winding small double-helix light emitting element 4 and a cylindrical bulb adapted to itself and pinched at one end, having a total length of approximately 60 mm and a diameter of approximately 20 mm. Use 1) to realize high voltage suitability with miniaturization.

Figures 2a, 2b schematically show a side view and a rotated 90 ° view for a further embodiment of a high voltage halogen incandescent lamp 230V in accordance with the present invention and pinched at one end. The same reference numerals are provided to the same features as FIGS. 1A and 1B.

In contrast to the embodiment of FIGS. 1A and 1B, the lamp of FIGS. 2A and 2B has an elliptical bulb 12 provided with a layer system 13 whose outer wall reflects infrared (IR) radiation. The layer system 13 has an optional dielectric layer sequence of interference filters known per se—generally different refractive indices. In this case, there is an optional sequence of Nb ₂ O ₅ or SiO ₂ layers.

The bulb 12 has a known restriction 14 in the lamp neck region, ie in the transition region from the bulb 12 to the pinch closure 3, the pinch closure 3 being foil lead- Relatively wide due to foil lead-through. The very wide operational reflecting surface 13 is made in relation to the whole bulb, thus high lamp efficiency is realized.

In this way, the halogen incandescent lamps of FIGS. 2A, 2B have high voltage stability with infrared-layer technology and miniaturization.

In a light emitting system (not shown), the lamp of FIG. 1 and, optionally, the lamp of FIG. 2 are installed in an optical reflector.

The production principle of the double-helical light emitting element 4 according to the invention from the double winding 4 ′ is shown in FIG. 3. For this purpose, the double winding 4 '(not shown in detail) is inserted in the center in the groove 15 of the winding mandrel rail 16. The winding mandrel rail 16 is rotated to form a double-helix 4 from the double winding 4 'and then the winding mandrel rail 16 is removed to be seen in accordance with FIGS. 1A, 1B and 2A, 2B. Installed in the lamp according to the invention. The configuration of a bottleneck shaped winding mandrel rail 16 makes it possible to produce a double-helix 4 with an increasing diameter in the direction of the feed leads 9a, 9b.

Claims (12)

A compact high voltage incandescent lamp, which is a high voltage halogen incandescent lamp, comprising a light bulb (1; 12) and a light emitting element (4), the light emitting element (4) consisting of a triple winding incandescent wire and inside the light bulb (1; 12) Is connected to two supply leads 9a and 9b which are arranged in an electrical conduction form, wherein the bulbs 1 and 12 and the supply leads 9a and 9b define a vertical axis of the lamp, and The light emitting element is a double-helix (4) consisting of coiled-coil filaments (4a-4c). Incandescent lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that the double-helix (4) is arranged axially in the bulb (1; 12). 3. The incandescent lamp of claim 1 or 2, wherein the double-held lead increases in the supply lead direction. 4. Incandescent lamp according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diameter of the double-helix increases in the feed lead direction. Incandescent lamp according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bulb (1; 12) is rotationally symmetrical. The incandescent lamp according to claim 5, wherein the bulb has a columnar (1) shape. The incandescent lamp according to claim 5, wherein the bulb has an elliptical (12) shape. 8. Incandescent lamp according to claim 7, characterized in that the bulb (12) has a restricting portion (14) in the lamp neck. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the two supply leads (9a, 9b) are guided outwardly in an airtight manner with respect to the vertical axis of the lamp on one side of the lamp (1; 12). Incandescent lamp characterized. 10. The holder (10) according to claim 9, characterized in that the holder (10) in which the double-held end (4c), which is positioned opposite to the supply leads (9a, 9b), is fixed inside the lamp (1; 12). Incandescent lamp. 11. Incandescent lamp according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wall surface of the bulb (12) is provided with a layer (13) that reflects infrared (IR) radiation. 12. A light emitting system comprising a lamp according to any one of the preceding claims and an optical reflector.