KR20020042883A - Biofilter and biofilter system employing the same - Google Patents
Biofilter and biofilter system employing the same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
본 발명은 바이오필터 시스템에 관한 것이다. 좀 더 구체적으로, 본 발명은 미생물이 접종된 혼합담체가 충진된 바이오필터, 전기 바이오필터의 제조방법 및 전기 바이오필터 각각에 밸브를 구비하여 병렬식으로 연결구성한 바이오필터 시스템에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a biofilter system. More specifically, the present invention relates to a biofilter filled with a mixed carrier inoculated with microorganisms, a method for manufacturing an electric biofilter, and a biofilter system having a valve connected to each of the electric biofilters in parallel.
대기 중의 오염가스나 악취제거를 위한 처리방법으로는, 직접 연소법, 흡착법, 세정법, 산화법, 중화법 등의 물리, 화학적 방법과 생물여과기, 생물세정기, 살수여과기 등의 생물학적 방법이 있다. 이 중, 생물학적 방법은 오염물질의 생분해성을 목적으로 주로 미생물을 이용하므로, 기존의 물리, 화학적 처리기술에 비해 환경친화적이고, 분해시 생성되는 유독성 폐기물로 인한 2차 오염가능성이 없으며, 운전비용이 약 50 내지 90%가 절감되는 장점이 있다. 이러한 장점으로 인하여, 여러 나라에서는 다양한 생물학적인 방법이 실질적으로 이용되고 있지만, 우리 나라의 경우 최근에 와서야 이러한 기술이 하수처리장을 중심으로 조금씩 실용화되어 가고 있는 실정이다.As a treatment method for removing polluting gases and odors in the atmosphere, there are physical and chemical methods such as direct combustion, adsorption, cleaning, oxidation, and neutralization, and biological methods such as biofilters, biowashers, and water filters. Among them, biological methods mainly use microorganisms for the purpose of biodegradability of pollutants, so they are more environmentally friendly than conventional physical and chemical treatment technologies, and there is no possibility of secondary pollution due to toxic waste generated during decomposition, and operation costs This has the advantage of saving about 50 to 90%. Due to these advantages, various biological methods are practically used in various countries, but in our country, these technologies have been gradually put to practical use only in sewage treatment plants.
한편, 생물학적 방법으로 대기중의 오염가스나 악취를 제거할 경우, 오염가스의 반응기 내 체류시간이 1분에서 수분에 이르기 때문에 다른 처리방식보다 반응기 규모가 대규모화되어 시설투자비 및 운영비가 많이 소요된다는 문저점이 있었다. 바이오필터의 담체로 사용되는 퇴비, 피트, 수피나 플라스틱, 세라믹 등의 담체들은 악취나 휘발성 유기화합물질에 대한 흡착능력이 없기 때문에, 오염가스의 공급이 중단될 경우, 반응기내에 오염물질이 거의 남아 있지 않아 이를 생분해하는 미생물의 활성이 저하된다는 단점이 있어, 현재 장기간의 조업 중단이나 하루의 일정시간만 운전해야 하는 현장에서 실질적으로 적용되지 못하고 있다.On the other hand, when the pollutant gas or odor in the atmosphere is removed by biological method, the residence time of the polluted gas in the reactor ranges from 1 minute to moisture. There was a low point. Composts, pits, barks, plastics, ceramics, and other carriers used as biofilter carriers have no adsorption capacity for odors or volatile organic compounds. Therefore, when the supply of polluting gas is stopped, contaminants remain in the reactor. There is a drawback that the activity of the microorganisms that biodegrade it is not so, it is currently not practically applied in the field of long-term shutdown or only a certain time of operation.
따라서, 소규모의 시설에서도 대용량의 오염가스를 제거할 수 있고, 오염가스의 흡착성능이 향상된, 생물학적인 오염가스 제거 시스템을 개발하여야 할 필요성이 끊임없이 대두되었다.Therefore, there is a constant need to develop a biological pollutant removal system capable of removing a large amount of pollutant gas even in a small facility and improving the adsorption performance of the pollutant gas.
이에, 본 발명자들은 소규모의 시설에서도 대용량의 오염가스를 제거할 수 있고, 오염가스의 흡착성능이 향상된, 생물학적인 오염가스 제거 시스템을 개발하고자 예의 연구 노력한 결과, 활성탄이 첨가된 담체에 미생물을 접종하고, 이를 충진하여 제작한 바이오필터 각각에 밸브를 구비하여 병렬식으로 연결구성한 바이오필터 시스템을 사용할 경우, 소규모의 장치에서도 대량의 오염가스처리가 가능하고, 오염가스의 흡착성능이 향상됨을 확인하고, 본 발명을 완성하게 되었다.Accordingly, the present inventors have intensified their efforts to develop a biological pollutant removal system that can remove a large amount of pollutant gas even in a small facility and improve the adsorption performance of the pollutant gas. When using the biofilter system, which has a valve connected to each of the biofilters manufactured by filling them in parallel and connected in parallel, it is possible to treat a large amount of polluted gas even in a small apparatus and improve the adsorption performance of the polluted gas. The present invention has been completed.
결국, 본 발명의 주된 목적은 흡착력이 우수한 활성탄을 포함하는 담체가 충진된 바이오필터를 제공하는 것이다.After all, the main object of the present invention is to provide a biofilter filled with a carrier containing activated carbon having excellent adsorptivity.
본 발명의 다른 목적은 전기 바이오필터의 제조방법을 제공하는 것이다.Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an electric biofilter.
본 발명의 또 다른 목적은 전기 바이오필터 각각에 밸브를 구비하여 병렬식으로 연결구성한 바이오필터 시스템을 제공하는 것이다.Still another object of the present invention is to provide a biofilter system having a valve connected to each of the electric biofilters in parallel.
도 1은 2개의 바이오필터가 병렬식으로 연결된 본 발명의 바이오필터 시스템의 일 실시예를 나타낸 개략도이다.1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of a biofilter system of the present invention in which two biofilters are connected in parallel.
도 2는 본 발명의 바이오필터 시스템을 이용한 톨루엔의 처리에 있어서, 톨루엔 공급속도와 처리효율을 나타낸 그래프이다.2 is a graph showing toluene supply rate and treatment efficiency in the treatment of toluene using the biofilter system of the present invention.
< 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명><Description of the reference numerals for the main parts of the drawings>
1: 바이오필터 11: Biofilter 1
2: 바이오필터 22: biofilter 2
3: 유입관 13-1: 유입밸브 13: inlet tube 13-1: inlet valve 1
4: 유입관 24-1: 유입밸브 24: inlet tube 24-1: inlet valve 2
5: 정화관 15-1: 정화밸브 1-1 5-2: 정화밸브 1-25: Purification pipe 15-1: Purification valve 1-1 5-2: Purification valve 1-2
6: 정화관 26-1: 정화밸브 2-16-2: 정화밸브 2-26: Purification pipe 26-1: Purification valve 2-16-2: Purification valve 2-2
7: 유출관 17-1: 유출밸브 17: Outlet pipe 17-1: Outlet valve 1
8: 유출관 28-1: 유출밸브 18: Outlet tube 28-1: Outlet valve 1
본 발명의 바이오필터 시스템은 활성탄을 포함하는 담체로 충진된 바이오필터 각각에 밸브를 구비하여 병렬식으로 연결구성한 것이다. 이때, 병렬식으로 연결된 바이오필터의 수는 특별히 제한되는 것은 아니고, 처리하여야 할 오염가스의 규모에 비례하여 병렬식으로 연결된 바이오필터의 수가 증가될 수도 있으나, 바람직하게는 2개의 바이오필터를 병렬식으로 연결하는 것이 바람직하다.The biofilter system of the present invention has a valve connected to each of the biofilters filled with a carrier including activated carbon in parallel. At this time, the number of biofilters connected in parallel is not particularly limited, and the number of biofilters connected in parallel may be increased in proportion to the size of the pollutant gas to be treated, but preferably, the two biofilters are connected in parallel. It is preferable to connect.
본 발명의 바이오필터 시스템에 이용된 바이오필터는 오염기체의 흡착성이 우수한 활성탄, 미생물의 배지로 이용되는 퇴비 및 톱밥이 40:10:50 내지 25:25:50(v/v/v)으로 혼합된 담체층을 제조하는 공정; 전기 담체층에 슈도모나스 속(Pseudomonassp.) 혼합 미생물을 접종하고, 20 내지 40℃에서 10 내지 16시간 동안 배양하는 공정; 및, 전기 미생물이 배양된 담체층을, 상부와 하부에 기체 유입관과 유출관이 장착된 필터하우징에 충진하고, 밀봉하는 공정을 통해 제조된다.The biofilter used in the biofilter system of the present invention is a mixture of activated carbon having excellent adsorption of contaminated gas, compost and sawdust used as a medium for microorganisms at 40:10:50 to 25:25:50 (v / v / v). Preparing a prepared carrier layer; Inoculating Pseudomonas sp. Mixed microorganisms on the carrier layer, and incubating at 20 to 40 ° C. for 10 to 16 hours; And, the carrier layer in which the microorganisms are cultured is manufactured through a process of filling and sealing a filter housing equipped with a gas inlet tube and an outlet tube at the top and bottom.
이때, 사용되는 슈도모나스 속(Pseudomonassp.) 혼합 미생물 대신에 하수처리장에서 수득한 활성슬러지를 배양한 배양액의 상등액 또는 지렁이 분변토의 상등액을 사용할 수도 있고, 추가적인 미생물의 접종없이 담체층을 배양하여 퇴비에 존재하는 다양한 미생물을 증식시켜 사용할 수도 있다.At this time, instead of Pseudomonas sp. Mixed microorganisms used, the supernatant of the culture medium of activated sludge obtained from the sewage treatment plant or the supernatant of the earthworm fecal soil may be used, or the carrier layer may be incubated without inoculation of additional microorganisms. It can also be used to multiply the various microorganisms present.
이하, 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 바이오필터 시스템의 구성을 구체적으로 설명하기로 한다.Hereinafter, the configuration of the biofilter system of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
도 1은 2개의 바이오필터가 병렬식으로 연결구성된 본 발명의 바이오필터 시스템의 일 실시예를 나타낸 개략도이다. 이때, 바이오필터 시스템은 동일한 바이오필터인 바이오필터 1(1)과 바이오필터 2(2)를 구비하고, 바이오필터 1로 오염공기가 유입되는 유입관 1(3), 유입관 1에 구비된 유입밸브 1(3-1), 바이오필터 2로 오염공기가 유입되는 유입관 2(4), 유입관 2에 구비된 유입밸브 2(4-1), 바이오필터 1에서 유출된 정화된 공기가 바이오필터 2로 유입되는 정화관 1(5), 정화관 1에 구비된 정화밸브 1-1(5-1) 및 정화밸브 1-2(5-2), 바이오필터 2에서 유출된 정화된 공기가 바이오필터 1로 유입되는 정화관 2(6), 정화관 2에 구비된 정화밸브 2-1(6-1) 및 정화밸브 2-2(6-2), 바이오필터 1에서 유출된 공기가 외부로 방출되는 유출관 1(7), 유출관 1에 구비된 유출밸브 1(7-1), 바이오필터 2에서 유출된 공기가 외부로 방출되는 유출관 2(8) 및 유출관 2에 구비된 유출밸브 2(8-1)로 구성되어 있다.1 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of a biofilter system of the present invention in which two biofilters are connected in parallel. At this time, the biofilter system includes a biofilter 1 (1) and a biofilter 2 (2), which are the same biofilters, and the inflow pipes 1 (3) and inflow pipes 1 into which the contaminated air flows into the biofilter 1 are provided. Valve 1 (3-1), inlet pipe 2 (4) through which contaminated air flows into biofilter 2, inlet valve 2 (4-1) provided in inlet pipe 2, and purified air discharged from biofilter 1 Purification pipe 1 (5) flowing into filter 2, purifying valve 1-1 (5-1) and purifying valve 1-2 (5-2) provided in purifying pipe 1 Purification pipe 2 (6) flowing into the biofilter 1, purification valve 2-1 (6-1) and purification valve 2-2 (6-2) provided in the purification pipe 2, the air flowing out from the biofilter 1 To the outlet pipe 1 (7) discharged to the outlet, the outlet valve 1 (7-1) provided in the outlet pipe 1, the outlet pipe 2 (8) and the outlet pipe 2 is provided with the air discharged from the biofilter 2 to the outside Outflow valve 2 (8-1).
이하에서는, 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 바이오필터 시스템의 작용을 구체적으로 설명하고자 한다.Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings will be described in detail the operation of the biofilter system of the present invention.
도 1에서 보듯이, 유입밸브 1(3-1), 정화밸브 1-1(5-1), 정화밸브 1-2(5-2) 및 유출밸브 2(8-1)을 개방하면, 유입관 1(3)을 통해 오염된 공기가 바이오필터 1(1)로 유입되고, 바이오필터 1(1)의 내부에 오염물질이 흡착되어, 정화된 공기가 정화관 1(5)을 통하여 바이오필터 2(2)로 유입되고, 바이오필터 2(2)의 내부에 충진된 미생물의 대사활성을 증진시켜 바이오필터 2(2)의 내부에 포화된 오염물질을 분해시킨다. 분해된 오염물질은 대부분 이산화탄소의 형태로 유출관 2(8)를 따라 방출된다. 이 과정을 진행하며, 점차 바이오필터 1(1)이 오염물질로 포화되면, 유입밸브 2(4-1), 정화밸브 2-1(6-1), 정화밸브 2-2(6-2) 및 유출밸브 1(7-1)을 개방하면, 유입관 2(4)을 통해 오염된 공기가 바이오필터 2(2)로 유입되고, 바이오필터 2(2)의 내부에 오염물질이 흡착되어, 정화된 공기가 정화관 2(6)을 통하여 바이오필터 1(1)로 유입되고, 바이오필터 1(1)의 내부에 충진된 미생물의 대사활성을 증진시켜 바이오필터 1(1)의 내부에 포화된 오염물질을 분해시킨다. 분해된 오염물질은 대부분 이산화탄소의 형태로 유출관 1(7)을 따라 방출된다.As shown in Fig. 1, when the inlet valve 1 (3-1), the purification valve 1-1 (5-1), the purification valve 1-2 (5-2) and the outlet valve 2 (8-1) are opened, The contaminated air enters the biofilter 1 (1) through the tube 1 (3), and the contaminants are adsorbed inside the biofilter 1 (1), and the purified air is passed through the purification tube 1 (5). 2 (2) is introduced into the biofilter 2 (2) to enhance the metabolic activity of the microorganisms filled in the biofilter 2 (2) to decompose saturated contaminants. Decomposed contaminants are mostly released along outlet pipe 2 (8) in the form of carbon dioxide. If the biofilter 1 (1) is saturated with contaminants gradually, the inflow valve 2 (4-1), the purification valve 2-1 (6-1), and the purification valve 2-2 (6-2) gradually proceeds. And when the outlet valve 1 (7-1) is opened, the contaminated air is introduced into the biofilter 2 (2) through the inlet pipe 2 (4), and contaminants are adsorbed inside the biofilter 2 (2), Purified air enters Biofilter 1 (1) through Purification Tube 2 (6), and enhances the metabolic activity of the microorganisms filled in Biofilter 1 (1) to saturate the inside of Biofilter 1 (1). Decomposes the contaminated material. Decomposed contaminants are mostly released along outlet pipe 1 (7) in the form of carbon dioxide.
본 발명의 바이오필터를 사용하여 오염된 공기를 정화할 경우, 한쪽에서는 공기를 정화하고 다른 한쪽에서는 흡착된 오염물질을 분해하므로, 공기의 정화와 오염물질의 분해가 동시에 수행될 수 있으므로, 대용량의 오염가스를 분해할 경우에도 유용하게 사용될 수 있다.When the contaminated air is purified using the biofilter of the present invention, since one side of the air is purged and the other side decomposes the adsorbed contaminants, the air purification and decomposition of the contaminants may be simultaneously performed. It can also be useful when decomposing polluted gases.
이하, 실시예를 통하여 본 발명을 보다 상세히 설명하고자 한다. 이들 실시예는 오로지 본 발명을 보다 구체적으로 설명하기 위한 것으로, 본 발명의 요지에 따라 본 발명의 범위가 이들 실시예에 의해 제한되지 않는다는 것은 당업계에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에게 있어서 자명할 것이다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples. These examples are only for illustrating the present invention in more detail, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the scope of the present invention is not limited by these examples in accordance with the gist of the present invention. .
실시예 1: 바이오필터 시스템을 이용한 톨루엔 기체의 분해 Example 1 Decomposition of Toluene Gas Using a Biofilter System
활성탄 3L, 퇴비 2L 및 톱밥 5L를 혼합하여 담체층을 만들고, 이에 하폐수처리장의 슬러지 상층액 3L를 접종한 후, 30℃에서 16시간 동안 배양하였다. 이어, 필터하우징에 각각 5L씩 충진하여 바이오필터를 작제한 후, 이에 밸브를 구비하고, 병렬로 연결하여, 바이오필터 시스템을 제작하였다.3L of activated carbon, 2L of compost, and 5L of sawdust were mixed to make a carrier layer, and 3L of the sludge supernatant of the sewage treatment plant was inoculated and then incubated at 30 ° C. for 16 hours. Subsequently, 5L each of the filter housings was filled to construct a biofilter, and then a valve was provided and connected in parallel to produce a biofilter system.
한편, 톨루엔 가스를 기화시킨 후, 별도로 오염되지 않은 공기를 준비하여 유입되는 톨루엔 가스의 농도를 조절하며, 전기 제작한 바이오필터 시스템에 유입시켜서 톨루엔의 처리효율을 측정하였다(참조: 도 2). 이때, 미생물의 성장과 톨루엔의 생분해를 촉진시키기 위해 질소와 인이 포함된 무기염류배지를 3시간 간격으로 바이오필터에 공급하고, 바이오필터의 반응기 온도를 30℃로 유지하여 온도에 의한 영향을 배제하였다.On the other hand, after vaporizing the toluene gas, to prepare a separately uncontaminated air to control the concentration of the toluene gas flowing in, it was introduced into the bio-filter system produced electrically to measure the treatment efficiency of toluene (see Fig. 2). At this time, in order to promote the growth of microorganisms and biodegradation of toluene, an inorganic salt medium containing nitrogen and phosphorus is supplied to the biofilter at an interval of 3 hours, and the reactor temperature of the biofilter is maintained at 30 ° C to exclude the influence of temperature. It was.
도 2에서 보듯이 운전 초기에 톨루엔의 공급속도를 300 내지 600g/m3/hr로 높게 하여 처리 효율이 100%에 도달함을 관찰하였다. 그러나, 활성탄에 톨루엔이 포화되자 처리효율이 감소됨을 관찰할 수 있었는 바, 과량의 오염가스가 미생물의생분해 효율과 활성탄의 흡착효율 떨어뜨리는 것으로 판단하였다. 이 후, 톨루엔의 공급을 중단하고 오염안된 공기만을 공급하여 활성탄의 재생을 유도하였다. 톨루엔의 공급속도를 20 내지 40 g/m3/hr로 낮게 유지하자 제거효율이 80%로 다시 개선되었다. 운전 30일째에 재생의 기간을 한번 더 시도하여 처리 효율을 100%에 도달하게 하였다. 점차 톨루엔의 공급속도를 높이면서 처리효율의 변화를 관찰한 결과, 80일째에 톨루엔의 공급속도를 40g/m3/hr로 유지했을 경우, 처리 효율이 100%임을 알 수 있었다. 운전 120일 이후 처리 효율이 급격히 감소하자 재생과정을 거치게 한 결과, 톨루엔의 공급속도를 100g/m3/hr로 유지한 경우에도, 처리 효율이 100%에 도달하였다.As shown in FIG. 2, it was observed that the supply efficiency of toluene was increased to 300 to 600 g / m 3 / hr at the beginning of operation to reach 100% of treatment efficiency. However, when toluene saturated in activated carbon, it was observed that the treatment efficiency was reduced. Excess pollutant gas decreased the biodegradation efficiency of microorganisms and the adsorption efficiency of activated carbon. After that, the supply of toluene was stopped and only uncontaminated air was supplied to induce regeneration of activated carbon. When the feed rate of toluene was kept low at 20 to 40 g / m 3 / hr, the removal efficiency was improved back to 80%. On the 30th day of operation, another period of regeneration was attempted to reach the processing efficiency of 100%. As a result of observing the change in treatment efficiency while gradually increasing the feed rate of toluene, it was found that the treatment efficiency was 100% when the feed rate of toluene was maintained at 40 g / m 3 / hr on the 80th day. After 120 days of operation, the treatment efficiency drastically decreased, and as a result of the regeneration process, the treatment efficiency reached 100% even when the supply rate of toluene was maintained at 100 g / m 3 / hr.
따라서, 본 발명의 바이오필터는 오염가스의 처리과정동안 흡착과 재생과정을 반복하여 톨루엔의 공급속도를 최고 600g/m3/hr까지 높일 수 있음이 확인되었다.Therefore, it was confirmed that the biofilter of the present invention can increase the feed rate of toluene up to 600 g / m 3 / hr by repeating the adsorption and regeneration processes during the treatment of the polluting gas.
이상에서 상세히 설명하고 입증하였듯이, 본 발명은 미생물이 접종된 혼합담체가 충진된 바이오필터, 전기 바이오필터의 제조방법 및 전기 바이오필터 각각에 밸브를 구비하여 병렬식으로 연결구성한 바이오필터 시스템을 제공한다. 본 발명의 바이오필터 시스템은 활성탄을 포함하는 담체로 충진된 바이오필터 각각에 밸브를 구비하여 병렬식으로 연결구성한 것이다. 본 발명의 바이오필터 시스템은 오염물질의 흡착과 흡착된 오염물질의 분해가 동시에 수행되므로, 종래의 바이오필터의 문제점인 처리장치의 대형화와 단순 흡착 방식에 의한 2차 오염물질이 발생되는 문제점을 해결할 수 있었는 바, 별도의 재생비용이 없이도 연속적인 공정에 널리 활용될 수 있을 것이다.As described and demonstrated in detail above, the present invention provides a biofilter filled with a mixed carrier inoculated with microorganisms, a method of manufacturing an electric biofilter, and a biofilter system having a valve connected to each of the electric biofilters in parallel. . The biofilter system of the present invention has a valve connected to each of the biofilters filled with a carrier including activated carbon in parallel. In the biofilter system of the present invention, the adsorption of contaminants and decomposition of the adsorbed contaminants are performed at the same time, thereby solving the problems of the generation of secondary contaminants by the enlargement of the processing apparatus, which is a problem of the conventional biofilter, and the simple adsorption method. As a result, it can be widely used in continuous processes without additional regeneration costs.
이상으로 본 발명 내용의 특정한 부분을 상세히 기술하였는 바, 당업계의 통상의 지식을 가진 자에게 있어서, 이러한 구체적 기술은 단지 바람직한 실시태양일 뿐이며, 이에 의해 본 발명의 범위가 제한되는 것이 아닌 점은 명백할 것이다. 따라서, 본 발명의 실질적인 범위는 첨부된 청구항들과 그것들의 등가물에 의하여 정의된다고 할 것이다.As described above in detail the specific parts of the present invention, for those skilled in the art, these specific descriptions are only preferred embodiments, which are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Will be obvious. Thus, the substantial scope of the present invention will be defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
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| KR100708457B1 (en) * | 2005-07-27 | 2007-04-18 | 명지대학교 산학협력단 | The novel microorganisms having toluene-degrading activity |
| KR20150105637A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2015-09-17 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Composition for preventing odors including odorless microorganisms |
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