KR20020017481A - Process and apparatus for recycled fuel oil of high quality using waste oil - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A manufacturing method of regenerated high quality fuel oil using waste lubricating oil is provided, which can produce fuel oil of highly added value having heating value of 11431 kcal per kg from waste lubricating oil. The process can be used to treat polymer waste in various fields and reuse adsorbent used to remove tar ingredient in the thermally cracked oil. CONSTITUTION: The manufacturing method comprises the following steps: supply waste lubricating oil(S10); thermally crack the waste lubricating oil(S20) at an atmospheric thermal cracking reactor(30) at an anoxic state by feeding nitrogen and heating to 400-500 deg.C at a temperature raising rate lower than 10 deg.C per minute and leave at thermostatic bath(100) for 1 hour at the temperature to induce tar to form in the thermally cracked oil; liquefy the thermally cracked and evaporated gas(S30) to produce thermally cracked oil; remove tar inducing matter in the thermally cracked oil(S40) by adding 1-5 wt.% of adsorbent that consists of powdered activated carbon, cokes, coal ash and zeolite; and filter the liquified oil(S50).

Description

Process and apparatus for recycled fuel oil of high quality using waste oil}

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing high quality recycled fuel oil from waste lubricant, and to a method and apparatus for obtaining recycled fuel oil having improved quality by thermally decomposing waste lubricant and then removing tar-causing material by using an adsorbent.

With the development of the industry, the demand for energy is exploding, and research on energy recycling is being actively conducted in terms of economic or environmental pollution prevention. The most representative of the prior art of recycling waste lubricant oil is a chemical method using chemicals and solvents. However, the acid treatment process using such chemicals causes a problem of acid-sludge treatment generated in the treatment process. In addition, the method of using the solvent is economical because the solvent itself is expensive. As a regeneration method of waste lubricating oil, a physical process is being studied. One of them is pyrolysis.

On the other hand, since pyrolysis recycled fuel oil contains a large amount of unstable unsaturated hydrocarbons such as olefins, a polymer material such as tar is formed by repolymerization of unsaturated unsaturated hydrocarbons, which causes pipe scale and nozzle clogging when used in a boiler. Etc. In addition, the regenerated fuel oil is oxidized with oxygen in the air, which makes the color very turbid. This color problem is caused by the high reactivity of the unstable olefin, and to solve this problem, tar formation is formed by the repolymerization of unstable materials of pyrolysis oil. Kinetic studies should be preceded. In addition, developing an adsorbent that suppresses tar formation and improves the oil color by removing the tar-causing substance using an adsorbent before the unsaturated hydrocarbons repolymerize or combine with oxygen in the air is a method of increasing the added value of pyrolysis oil. Can be.

In view of the above, the present inventors have achieved the production of regenerated fuel oil having improved quality by thermally decomposing waste lubricant and then removing tar-causing substances by using an adsorbent in a vibration chamber.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing high quality recycled fuel oil using waste lubricating oil.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for producing high quality recycled fuel oil using waste lubricant oil.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention transfers waste lubricating oil to an atmospheric pressure pyrolysis reactor, injects nitrogen gas into anoxic state, heats it at a temperature rising rate of 10 ° C. or less per minute, and fixes it at a temperature of 400 to 500 ° C. for pyrolysis. The liquefied pyrolyzed oil is prepared by liquefying the pyrolyzed and evaporated gas, and then the liquefied pyrolyzed oil is maintained at a temperature of 20 to 40 ° C., and 1 to 5 wt% of adsorbent is added while stirring at 160 to 300 rpm to induce tar. It is characterized by adsorbing and filtering the material to produce renewable fuel oil.

1 is a flow chart of a high-quality recycled fuel oil production process from the waste lubricant of the present invention,

Figure 2 is a block diagram of a high-quality recycled fuel oil production apparatus from the waste lubricant of the present invention,

3 is a graph comparing the tar adsorption capacity of the adsorbent used in the present invention,

Fig. 4 is a graph showing the optimum RPM per minute of the vibration chamber when the adsorbent is added to and adsorbed to the pyrolysis regenerated oil of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

10: lubricating oil supply unit 20: nitrogen gas supply unit

30: atmospheric pyrolysis reactor 31: stirrer

32: thermocouple 33: heater

40: temperature control unit 50: stirring unit

60: heat exchanger 70: refrigerant circulation

80: storage 90: scales

100: vibration chamber 110: filtration device

Hereinafter, a configuration of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a flow chart of a high quality recycled lubricant production process from the waste lubricant of the present invention. In the present invention, the process for producing recycled lubricating oil may include transferring the waste lubricant to an atmospheric pyrolysis reactor (S10), pyrolyzing the waste lubricant supplied in the step (S20), and liquefying the gas evaporated in the reactor to pyrolysis oil. The step (S30) and the step of removing the tar-causing material in the pyrolysis oil using an adsorbent (S40), and the step of filtering the pyrolysis oil (S50).

The step (S10) of transferring the waste lubricant to the atmospheric pressure pyrolysis reactor transfers the waste lubricant through a pipe.

In the pyrolysis step (S20) of the waste lubricating oil, nitrogen gas is injected into the atmospheric pressure pyrolysis reactor to become anoxic, and then heated at a temperature rising rate of 10 ° C. or less per minute to fix the temperature at 400 ° C. to 500 ° C. for 1 hour. Waste lubricant was pyrolyzed.

In the step (S30) of producing a pyrolysis oil by liquefying the gas evaporated by pyrolysis in the step (S30) the heat of the heat exchanger is absorbed by the refrigerant circulator to produce a gas that is pyrolyzed and evaporated in the reactor in a liquid state.

Removing the tar-induced material in the pyrolysis oil by using an adsorbent (S40) is to transfer the pyrolysis oil to the vibration chamber and then induce the generation of tar by adjusting the temperature of the vibration chamber in the range 20 ~ 40 ℃, By controlling the revolutions per minute so that the generated tar does not settle at the bottom of the storage vessel, 1-5 wt% of an adsorbent was added to adsorb the tar-inducing material to the adsorbent or to remain suspended in pyrolysis oil. The adsorbent used in this step can be reused without disposal.

In the step (S50) of filtering the pyrolyzed oil, after the tar was removed by the adsorbent in the step (S40), a small amount of tar was suspended and filtered.

Figure 2 is a block diagram of a high-quality recycled fuel oil production apparatus from the waste lubricant of the present invention.

The regenerated fuel oil manufacturing apparatus of the present invention includes a waste lubricating oil supply unit 10, a nitrogen gas supply unit 20, an atmospheric pressure pyrolysis reactor 30, a temperature control unit 40, a stirring unit 50, a heat exchange unit 60, and a refrigerant circulation. It consists of a part 70, the storage part 80, the scale 90, the vibration constant temperature water tank apparatus 100, and the filtration apparatus 110. As shown in FIG.

The waste lubricating oil supply unit 10 accommodates waste lubricating oil and functions to supply waste lubricating oil.

The nitrogen gas supply unit 20 functions to supply nitrogen gas into the atmospheric pressure pyrolysis reactor 30 to make it an oxygen free state.

The atmospheric pyrolysis reactor (30) is a reactor and a thermocouple (32) capable of measuring the temperature inside the reactor and a stirrer (31) which serves to stir at a uniform speed to maintain a constant temperature of the waste lubricating oil in the reactor It consists of the heater 33 which indirectly heats externally.

The temperature control unit 40 functions to control the temperature in the atmospheric pyrolysis reactor 30 to minimize the set temperature and error.

The stirring unit 50 functions to control the stirrer 31 in the atmospheric pyrolysis reactor 30.

The heat exchange unit 60 serves to liquefy the gas evaporated through pyrolysis in the atmospheric pressure pyrolysis reactor (30).

The refrigerant circulation unit 70 is connected to the heat exchange unit to absorb heat generated from the heat exchange unit 60.

The storage unit 80 is a place for storing the liquefied pyrolysis oil.

The balance 90 functions to measure the amount of liquefied pyrolysis oil stored in the storage unit 80.

The vibrating constant temperature water tank device 100 accommodates liquefied pyrolysis oil, adjusts the temperature and adjusts the revolutions per minute.

The filtering device 110 functions to filter the tar suspended in a small amount of pyrolysis oil after passing through the vibrating constant temperature water tank device 100.

Experimental Example 1 Selection of Adsorbents for the Production of Regenerated Fuel Oils of the Present Invention

Tar adsorption capacity experiment was performed to select the adsorbent for the production of regenerated fuel oil of the present invention. First, activated carbon, cokes, fly-ash, and zeolite for wastewater were selected as adsorbents based on lipophilic substances, wastes, and specific surface areas. Adsorption experiments were performed on the 2nd and 4th sections after the production of the regenerated fuel oil using the adsorbent selected primarily, and the material having the highest tar adsorption capacity per 1g of adsorbent was selected as the adsorbent. The first selected adsorbents were 6 to 7 particle size to equalize the size of the particles, and then added to the pyrolysis oil at 1 to 5wt% to allow the tar to adsorb to the adsorbent in a vibration chamber. As a result, as shown in Figure 3 when the activated carbon for waste water (activated carbon) was used, the tar adsorption capacity was the best.

Experimental Example 2 Determination of the Optimal RPM Per Minute of Vibration Thermostat for the Production of Renewable Fuel Oil

An experiment was carried out to determine the optimum RPM of the vibration chamber in the production of regenerated fuel oil of the present invention. First, as a result of investigating tar formation ability according to temperature, the amount of tar produced was proportional as the temperature was increased. Therefore, by adjusting the RPM (rpm) of the vibration thermostat so that the generated tar does not settle on the bottom of the reservoir, the tar generated at each temperature is maintained in the state of being adsorbed to the suspended or adsorbent to the pyrolysis oil. Therefore, as shown in Figure 4 when the temperature of the vibration thermostat is adjusted to 20 ~ 40 ℃ range the optimum rpm was adjusted to 160 ~ 300rpm.

Experimental Example 3 Elemental Analysis and Investigation of Calorific Value of Regenerated Fuel Oils

As a result of comparing and analyzing the element and calorific value of pyrolysis oil produced after adsorption of tar-induced material from the waste lubricating oil with the adsorbent as kerosene, diesel oil and conventional methods, The pyrolysis oil used did not have oxygen as in kerosene and light oil, which is due to the result of adsorption of unsaturated unsaturated hydrocarbons on activated carbon before oxidation with oxygen in the air. In addition, the pyrolysis oil using the adsorbent of the present invention showed similar values in the case of other elements as compared to kerosene and light oil, and it was found that the quality was improved compared to the pyrolysis oil prepared by a conventional method. In particular, in the case of calorific value, pyrolyzed oil using the adsorbent of the present invention was found to have an increased calorific value than kerosene and diesel.

Elemental analysis and calorific value of kerosene, diesel oil, pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis oil using the adsorbent of the present invention element(%) Kerosene Via Pyrolysis oil Pyrolysis oil (adsorbent used) C 87.78 87.74 84.80 86.99 H 11.80 12.06 12.45 12.80 N 0.24 0.16 0.12 0.16 S 0.18 0.04 0.03 0.05 O 0 0 2.60 0 Calorific Value kcal / kg 11155.73 11238.39 11022.29 11431.32

As described above, the present invention has an economic effect of reducing environmental pollution caused by waste and producing high value fuel oil by thermally decomposing waste lubricating oil and removing tar-causing substances using an adsorbent. In addition, it is possible to reuse the adsorbent used to remove tar-causing substances, and the present invention has an advantage that it can be variously applied in treating polymer wastes of different types.

Claims (8)

(a) transferring the waste lubricant (S10); (b) thermally decomposing the waste lubricating oil supplied in step (a) (S20); (c) liquefying the gas evaporated by pyrolysis in step (b) to produce pyrolysis oil (S30); (d) removing the tar inducing material in the pyrolysis oil of step (c) using an adsorbent (S40); (E) a high-quality recycled fuel oil production method using the waste lubricant, characterized in that the step (S50) of filtering the pyrolysis oil of step (d). According to claim 1, wherein the thermal decomposition step of the waste lubricating oil of step (b) is heated at a temperature increase rate of 10 ℃ or less in the oxygen-free state by supplying nitrogen to fix the temperature to 400 ~ 500 ℃ 1 hour residence time A method for producing high quality recycled fuel oil using waste lubricant, characterized in that it has a. The method of claim 1, wherein the step (c) is to control the temperature of the vibration thermostat to 20 ~ 40 ℃ to induce tar generation of pyrolysis oil, and then the tar generated by adjusting the RPM per minute to 160 ~ 300rpm A method for producing high quality recycled fuel oil using waste lubricants, characterized by adsorbing tar-induced substances by adding an adsorbent to prevent it from settling to the bottom. The method of claim 1, wherein the adsorbent of step (c) is one of granular activated carbon, coke, coal ash and zeolite. The method of claim 1, wherein the amount of the adsorbent added in step (c) is 1 to 5 wt% of the total pyrolysis oil. Adjusting the temperature in the waste lubricating oil supply unit (10) containing the waste lubricating oil, nitrogen supply unit (20) for supplying nitrogen to make an anoxic state, atmospheric pressure pyrolysis reactor (30), pyrolysis of the waste lubricant oil, atmospheric pressure pyrolysis reactor (30) Temperature control unit 40, a mechanical stirring unit 50 for agitating the waste lubricating oil at a uniform rate, a heat exchanger 60 for liquefying evaporated gas through pyrolysis, and absorbs heat generated from the heat exchanger 60 Refrigerant circulation unit 70, a storage unit 80 for storing liquefied pyrolysis oil, a scale 90 for measuring the amount of liquefied pyrolysis oil stored in the storage unit 80, temperature and revolutions per minute Production of high quality recycled fuel oil using waste lubricating oil, characterized in that consisting of a vibrating constant temperature water tank device 100 to control the function and the filtering device 110 to filter the tar floating in a small amount in the pyrolysis oil Device. The method of claim 6, wherein the atmospheric pyrolysis reactor (30) can measure the temperature inside the reactor and the stirrer (31) which serves to stir at a uniform speed to maintain a constant temperature of the waste lubricant oil inside the reactor. High-quality recycled fuel oil production apparatus using waste lubricating oil, characterized in that consisting of a thermocouple 32 and a heater 33 indirectly applying heat outside the reactor. Regenerated fuel oil prepared by the method of claim 1.