KR20020013618A - Method of Explosive Demolition on the Buildings by use of Explosives - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A destruction method using blasting powder is provided to improve work efficiency and to minimize noise and vibration by charging the blasting powder in the pillars placed in an overturning direction and blasting a building based on time difference. CONSTITUTION: A destruction method using blasting powder is to gradually blast a building by using delayed time difference. Blasting powder is charged in pillars(100,101,102) of a building based on delayed time difference. The delayed time difference is 25ms. The first delayed time difference of a first charge hole is over 400ms to prevent cut off in a non-electric detonating system. Since a building is blasted partially based on time difference, shock energy due to blasting at a time is avoided. The shock energy is dispersed. Thereby, blasting noise and vibration are minimized.

Description

Method of Explosive Demolition on the Buildings by use of Explosives}

The present invention relates to an explosive demolition of a building using explosives, and more particularly, to a method for demolition of a building by explosives capable of increasing workability and reducing noise and vibration by using delayed parallax with a minimum amount of charge.

Most buildings were built for semi-permanent use, but due to social change and economic development, the lifespan of buildings has been shortened than their structural lifespan. Public factors are increasing the need for dismantling works.

Compared to the increase in population, given space is limited, and in Korea, where there are many mountainous areas and high urban population density, high integration of urban space is essential for the preservation of the environment. The dismantling of various buildings and civil structures is inevitable due to functional changes, changes in socioeconomic values, or delayed decline in durability. Buildings are generally dismantled at the end of their useful life, i.e., at the end of their useful life, but recently they are often dismantled regardless of their lifespan as part of redevelopment and reconstruction projects for the pursuit of pleasant environment and efficient use of narrow land. In the 1990s, due to the proliferation of urban redevelopment, the technical trend of the dismantling industry in Korea has been gradually removed from the conventional ones, and the trend of mechanization and upgrading has been gradually increased. There are many complaints and there are problems such as increase of construction cost due to prolonged construction.

In addition, when the demolition object rises, the current mechanical dismantling equipment has a limitation in terms of construction stability, duration, and economic feasibility. The present invention utilizes the explosive power of highly controlled explosives, so that the higher the mechanical height, Compared with this, the construction period is shortened and it is absolutely advantageous in reducing the construction cost. In many demolition works, complaints are generated due to noise, vibration, and dust, and as the structure to be dismantled becomes higher, the process of exposure to these complaints is absolutely longer, but the present invention can control and minimize the occurrence of such complaints in a short time. It is a way to be.

Conventional dismantling method is a dismantling method using mechanization equipment and manpower for dismantling old buildings, and there are various dismantling methods that mix various kinds of mechanization equipment such as large breakers, steel balls, crushers, diamond saws, water jets, etc. The mechanization equipment commonly used in the process includes dismantling using a large breaker or a crusher. However, in the case of such a large breaker or crusher, it is a principle to use the ground work only on the lower floors due to the safety problems according to the weight.However, even in the disassembly of a high-rise building, the crusher is lifted to the roof of the building by using a crane and the existing elevator The structure is gradually dismantled from the upper layer by dropping the debris from the upper layer to the bottom layer through the drop hole for dismantling of the dismantled object using a hole. The working process first breaks the floor slab with a breaker, falls from the lower floor to the drop opening, and dismantles the outer walls and columns. Due to the continuous dust, noise and vibration generated during this work process, daily work time is limited, and there is always a risk of construction stability due to the need for solid floor work, and there is always a fall or fall of heavy equipment. It can cause accidents that accidentally collapse the structure at once.

Blasting and dismantling method is a method that breaks down the entire building by breaking the members sequentially with a small amount of explosive after drilling so that the main parts of the target building can be charged using drilling equipment. It is the latest high-tech method to receive. Work process is to remove non-bearing wall of some layers for charge by manpower or small breaker equipment, pre-weak work for rigid members such as elevator hall and stairway, and then blast and drill the main members. It is a way of dismantling.

In the conventional blasting and dismantling method, several blasting layers were selected to carry out preliminary treatment and protection work, and accordingly, the explosives were also dispersed and charged in several blasting target layers.

In addition, the blasting vibration and the blasting noise are large by detonating several blasting holes in one block at the same time, and the shock vibration due to the ground impact of the structure is greatly generated because the structure is collapsed or collapsed in a large unit.

In the conventional five-story building blast dismantling, the first floor, the second floor, and the fourth floor were selected as the first floor, the first floor, the second floor, the third floor, and the fourth floor. The scope of the protection work was also carried out in the same way as the building floor, and much of the construction work was carried out as pre-treatment work for blasting and dismantling. Accordingly, there is a problem in that it takes much time and construction cost rather than a mechanical dismantling method and thus fails to utilize the advantages of blast dismantling.

The object of the present invention is to blast and dismantle a low-rise building on the 5th floor. The building can be collapsed with the minimum amount of charges and the noise and vibration can be minimized in the limited range of the 1st and 2nd floors. The present invention provides a method of dismantling conductive blasting of a building by powder.

1 is a conceptual diagram of blast dismantling according to the present invention

2 is a pre-weakness diagram according to the present invention

3 is an explosive charge according to the present invention

4 is a protection diagram according to the present invention

5 is a non-electromagnetic detonation system in accordance with the present invention

6 is an electrical detonation system according to the present invention

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

100, 101, 102, 103: pillar 104: pharmacy

105: gunpowder 106: primer

107: angle 108: wire mesh

109: nonwoven fabric 110: indirect protection

111: surface delay primer 112: auxiliary bus

Hereinafter, the technical configuration of the present invention in detail.

The method of discharging the conductive blasting of the building by the gunpowder of the present invention can secure the conductive space in the conductive direction when the building is inverted by the blasting and blast the dismantled building by drilling a hole in the pillars in the conductive direction. In the case of blasting and dismantling with a minimum amount of charge, the basic characteristics of the blasting by using the delay time for each area of the building.

When exploding and dismantling of the building using explosives, only the lower part of the structural support members are sequentially destroyed, and the entire building is twisted to increase its amount of crushing, thereby reducing the noise and vibration caused by the blasting. This section describes how to construct a detonation system for the preliminary weakening of buildings, the scope of gun equipment, and the sequential explosion of gunpowder.

1 shows a conceptual diagram of blast dismantling according to the present invention.

In the blasting disassembly method, considering the structural dynamics of the structure to be dismantled and the amount of impact energy transmitted to the ground that generates vibration when the structure collapses, the most suitable blasting position and the distribution of the blasting time for reducing the vibration are the most important. To be an element. Accurate and efficient blasting disassembly should be able to achieve maximum blasting effect while minimizing the use of gunpowder, and be able to effectively control the scattering of debris while raising the blasting effect as much as possible with proper charging and protection method. In downtown areas with dense structures, the direction of collapse of the building is important and the empty space around the building should be used to the fullest.

1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a building structure in accordance with the concept of blast dismantling of a typical five-story building, which shows blasting and conducting some pillars of the lower two floors. The first floor, the lowest floor, is the blasting object from the pillar 100 in the collapse induction direction to the pillar 101 located in the center of the cross section of the building. It is targeted for blasting. At this time, the free ground space in the collapse induction direction of the building should be secured as much as (L1-W) + L2) from the bottom C point, which is the outermost column 100 on the collapse induction direction. Where L1 is the diagonal length of the longitudinal section of the blast layer, L2 is the height of the non-blast layer on the side of the collapse induction direction, and W is the width of the building.

When blasting the pillars (100) and (101) of the lower floor of the building, the pillars at the remaining point A perform a hindrance to the building and the building starts to fall in the direction of collapse induction. You will be able to secure a range of motion. When the pillars 100, 101, and 102 arranged in the transverse direction of the building are sequentially detonated to eliminate structural support in the conduction direction, structures between the pillars that have not yet been destroyed and the falling and falling parts It causes torsion and breaks, and the evangelism movement continues to explode.

Figure 2 is about the extent and method of pre-crushing to destroy the building with a minimum amount of gunpowder to the structure within the building to remove the complete shredding or weakening a certain range to induce a smooth collapse pre-weakening, or It can be interpreted as a concept of prior weakening.

Blasting and demolition, which uses gunpowder to collapse a building, does not mean that the structure will collapse safely in the desired direction by using only gunpowder. Gunpowder charge parts are pillars, beams, shear walls, etc., which are the main structural members of the building, and structurally, these structures play an important role in securing the stability of the building. Pre-crushing is mainly carried out on areas that do not affect the stability of these structures, and promotes the collapse by removing elements that resist the collapse of the building.

Breaker breaks all walls except for the blasting structure in the ACE area, which is the blasting area, based on the virtual line L1 that connects the point A to the initial hinge area and the point E to the secondary hinge area during the collapse of the building, as shown in FIG. (B) remove it in advance with heavy equipment or manpower equipped with crushers and remove any elements that can resist in case of collapse so that it can be ensured.

3 is a work to install the gunpowder 105, which is equipped with a primer 106 in the charge hole 104 after drilling to install the gunpowder inside the blasting pole (103) as a concept to charge the gunpowder .

Drilling work refers to the work of drilling a hole to make a blast on the structural member to be blasted, and there are various equipment used and drilling standards according to the target structure. In particular, when the blasting and dismantling work is concentrated in the downtown area, careful attention must be paid to the accuracy of perforation as it greatly affects the generation of fly-bys.

The pillars of the main blasting layer must be completely crushed to induce maximum kinetic energy during building collapse. The upper layer, which is mainly selected as the auxiliary blasting layer, needs only crushing to the extent that the planned collapse behavior does not interfere. More perforations and less towards the top.

The drilling position of the column should be located at the center of the cross-section of the structure. If the steel bars are located and cannot be drilled in the center, the drill should be inclined and the cabinet should be in the center.

In general, gunpowder 105 mainly used for blasting and dismantling of buildings includes gelatin dynamite, emulsion gunpowder, precision gunpowder, and detonation vessels. There are two ways. Each wire 107 that transmits the detonating force to the primer is a vinyl-coated copper wire for electric use and a hollow plastic tube for non-electric power.

In the case of five-story apartments, the number of holes per column is the first hole in the third and second floors.

4 is for the protection method to control the concrete debris scattered by the expansion pressure of the gas ejected during the explosives and to implement the purpose of controlling the dust at the same time. In blasting, cracks are generated by shock waves, and high-temperature, high-pressure gas expansion pressure acts on the generated cracks so that objects are destroyed. The action of the gas pressure causes the concrete fragments to scatter. Since blasting is carried out for buildings in urban areas, measures must be taken to suppress concrete scattering and dust. Protection can be divided into two categories: direct protection and indirect protection.

Direct protection refers to the installation of a protective film that can prevent concrete scattering on targets that are blasted by gunpowder. In order to prevent the protective film from rupturing due to the pressure generated during the explosive explosion, the material and installation method of the protective film are very important.

Even if a protective film is provided at the site to be protected, the explosion pressure released at one instant may be released to a weak area of the protective film, so that double protection is performed using different materials as shown in FIG. 4.

By wrapping the rhomboid wire mesh 108 twice in the blasting pole 103 and again wrapping the civil nonwoven fabric 109 again outside thereof, it is possible to control most of the concrete flying fragments due to the explosion of the gunpowder.

Indirect protection is to protect the targets that do not directly charge gunpowder, mainly targeting openings such as windows and entrances. Controls small debris and dust that can escape from direct protection. The indirect protection 110 has a larger range than the direct protection and performs openings of all layers in which gunpowder is charged as shown in FIG. 4.

Figure 5 is for the explosion system to explode the charged gunpowder after the blasting the building collapse direction needs to be precisely adjusted so as not to damage the surrounding structures and residents. The direction of collapse of the structure to be dismantled should be selected first, taking into account the surrounding environment and the disposal of residues of the broken building after dismantling. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the blasting method, ie, which direction, which layer of pillar, to start from.

The crystals to be blasted will vary depending on the size, shape, and direction of the building to collapse. The lower blast columns will be blasted first, and the initial blast section will play an important role in determining the direction and location of the building's collapse. After the lower layer blasting, the upper layer blasting should be carried out in a sequential order of detonation in order to prevent the whole of the building to be dismantled at once.

These sequential and partial blasting operations play an important role in controlling vibration and storm pressure. The blasting of the lower floor ensures that the column that was supporting the load on the upper floor is reliably removed so that the building to be dismantled can move at an appropriate speed toward the collapse direction.

The upper floor should also be removed after the building to be dismantled has moved with sufficient moment. If it is removed before it has a certain moment, it can lead to errors in the collapse direction of the building.

It is advisable to use the moment as much as possible for complete dismantling. To do this, the column facing the collapse direction or the column in the lower layer must be completely blasted. In contrast, the pillars on the upper layer may only need partial blasting. Partial column blasting has a limited effect on the structure or direction of collapse during dismantling and controls the size of broken debris. Therefore, it is not necessary to blast the top layer completely.

5 is a method of continuously detonating a five-story building using a delay time difference. The characteristic of delayed parallax is to partially disintegrate the building to prevent it from being collapsed at one time, thereby distributing the impact energy to minimize the impact of the shock vibration, and to minimize the amount of charge per delay, thereby reducing the blast noise and storm pressure. The present invention is a method of detonating by subdividing by a column the method that previously detonated at a time by using several columns as a unit. In addition, in the detonation system using non-electric primers, if there are several charge holes in one pillar, the method of detonating with different parallax for each charge hole further reduces blasting noise and blasting vibration. At this time, the delay delay time for each charge hole is arranged at intervals of 25ms as in the non-explosive charge start in the non-electrical formula of Figure 5 and may start the explosion anywhere without distinguishing between the upper ball or the lower ball, but the first charge (104) Detonation delay of) should be selected over 400ms. This is a way to prevent cut off in non-electrical detonation systems. Delay lag for each column is made by connecting the wire 107 of the non-electrical primer from each charge hole to the surface delay primer 111, the surface delay primer is set to 42 ~ 67ms. The detonation order by pillar is the same as the detonation order by pillar in the non-stone as shown in FIG.

In the detonation system using the electric primer, as shown in FIG. 6, the delay difference is not provided for each of the charge holes in the same pillar 103 as in the initial detonation of each charge hole 104. This is because many types of delayed blasting cannot be performed because of the limitations of the electric primer type. The parallax for each column is set to 20 to 75ms, but is set as in the detonation sequence for each column in FIG. 6, and the circuit is connected to the auxiliary bus 112.

The building blasting dismantling method of the present invention is to blast and dispose of a low-rise building of about 5 stories, and to blast the pillars in the falling direction of the building by blasting, but to blast with a minimum amount of delay and delay the time difference by the area of the building. By using the blasting to increase the workability has the effect of reducing noise and vibration to a minimum.

Claims (3)

When the building is inverted by blasting, it is possible to secure the conduction space in the conducting direction and to blast and dismantle the building by drilling holes in the pillars in the conducting direction. Method for demolition of buildings by explosives, characterized by blasting by using a delay time. The method of claim 1, wherein the delay time difference is to use a non-electric primer, but has a delay time of 42 ~ 67ms between the neighboring pillars and the delay delay time of the initial delay of the charge for each pillar is set to more than 400ms The method of demolition of buildings by explosives, characterized in that the star is detonated with a step of 25ms. The method of claim 1, wherein the delay time difference is determined by using an electric primer, but the delay time is the same for each of the pillars of each pillar, and each neighboring column is detonated with a delay time of 20 to 75 ms. .