KR20020010532A - Filter material for water-treating and water-treating apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: Provided is a filter material for water treatment. The filter material is composed of black clay, mineral powder being negative charged, and floating stone. Above compositions are bounded by a binder. The filter material is porous, and packed in an aeration tank. The filter material absorbs hydrogen sulfide gas, phosphorus, and iron. CONSTITUTION: The system used above filter material comprises the following parts: a primary tank(14) for first flow of sewage; a filter(20) for removing alien substances; a secondary tank(16) packed with media(22) cultivated with anaerobic bacteria; the aeration tank(24) packed with the filter material(12); diffuser(30)(32) for aeration; and a pipe(36) for discharging treated water. The filter material(12) is fixed by a net basket(27) in the aeration tank(24).

Description

FILTER MATERIAL FOR WATER-TREATING AND WATER-TREATING APPARATUS}

The present invention relates to a water treatment filter medium and a water treatment device, and more particularly, to a water treatment filter material mainly composed of natural black clay, and a water treatment device using such a water treatment filter medium.

In Japanese Patent Publication No. 64-6838, "Ando" soils produced by volcanic eruptions and containing allophane minerals and humic acids as main components, are mixed with volcanic ash and activated carbon to enhance adsorption and other properties of Ando soils. A bulk solid treating agent for water treatment is described using a binder bound to a matrix of porous volcanic rock (eg, pumice) containing numerous pores of various sizes.

The solid treating agent typically has 15 to 40 parts of Ando soil, 15 to 35 parts of activated carbon, and 20 to 70 parts of volcanic ash per 100 parts (volume basis) of the ground volcanic stone matrix.

Among the essential components, volcanic rock (stone), ando soil and volcanic ash are supplied from natural resources and used for the preparation of solid treatment agent after simple purification treatment, but activated carbon is a method of steam activation from vegetable materials such as coconut shells imported from the tropics. Since the artificial synthesis must be performed by a method such as zinc chloride activating method, the cost of the prepared solid treating agent is high, since it is considerably expensive compared with the three natural ingredients.

In addition, when used as an adsorbent for contaminated fluids such as air or water, the treatment agent containing activated carbon has a low saturation point of activated carbon, which rapidly reaches the saturation point when adsorbing a small amount of odorous coloring material from the fluid, thereby greatly reducing the adsorption property. In addition, since the adsorbed odor and the booklet substance are released from the saturated activated carbon adsorbent and the treated fluid is recontaminated, the activated carbon is required for long-term deodorization and decolorization performance such as treatment of drainage or sewage or deodorization of indoor air. Inadequate

In order to solve this problem, Patent Publication No. 96-10536, which was invented and filed by the present inventors, is a composition used for the preparation of a solid medium for fluid treatment, wherein natural humic allophan soil particles are mixed with a binder as an essential component. It is characterized in that the composition, and further comprising a composition that may include an aggregate material.

An object of the present invention is to provide a water treatment filter medium having excellent water treatment ability by mixing a powder of black negatively charged mineral and pumice powder with natural black clay and binding it with a binder, and a filter for water treatment using such a water treatment filter medium.

1 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram of a water treatment device;

2 is a plan explanatory view of the water treatment apparatus;

3 is an explanatory diagram showing convection of air in an aeration tank;

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10: water treatment device 12: filter medium

14: first inlet tank 16: second inlet tank

18: inlet 20: filter

23: inlet pipe 24: aeration tank

24a, 24b, 24c: partition wall 25a, 25b, 25c, 25d: thread

27: basket 30, 32: diffuser

34 discharge tank 36 discharge pipe

The present invention for achieving the above object provides a filter for water treatment, characterized in that the mixture of the powder of natural black clay, the powder of negatively charged minerals and pumice is bound by a binder to form a porous.

The present invention also provides a water treatment apparatus having an aeration tank, wherein the filter medium for water treatment is disposed in the aeration tank.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

Natural black clay employed in the present invention is widely distributed and distributed in Japan, which is a volcanic country, and can be easily collected and obtained.

The surface layer of volcanic ash soil, which is a weathering product derived from volcanic ash sediment, is mainly composed of allophen, an amorphous (amorphous) clay mineral, and a large amount of corrosion (腐植: black one formed by decomposition of organic matter in the ground) And black soil, which are generally called "dark soil", "dark ground", and the like. In this specification, this is called natural black clay.

Clay minerals, humus (huminic acid, hulic acid) and allophen in natural black clay have this pH dependent charge.

In terms of the structure of each charge, the layered clay mineral has a shape in which a tetrahedral tetrasilicate layer and an alumina octahedral layer overlap. These tetrahedrons and octahedrons share oxygen with adjacent tetrahedrons or octahedrons. In terms of charge, silicon (+ tetravalent) takes on half the charge of four oxygen (-valent valences) (alumina octahedron is also the same). It is necessary to have silicon on both sides as seen from the oxygen surrounding the silicon. Therefore, when there is only one side of silicon, that is, at the end surface, the negative charge of oxygen is not satisfied. This is why you are charging negatively.

In addition, hydrogen ions are weakly bonded before this negative charge, and thus are electrically neutral.

The alumina octahedron bears a positive charge of aluminum, which is reliably bonded with hydroxyl ions, and as a result, is electrically negatively charged. In addition, the hydroxide ions attract hydrogen ions and are electrically neutral.

Each reaction proceeds as the hydrogen ion concentration increases, that is, when the pH decreases.

A single compound called humic acid and furboic acid in natural black clay is a mixture of many kinds of organic materials. It is an amorphous polymer having a weight and average molecular weight of several tens of thousands, and its shape is almost spherical with a radius of 6 to 100 mm 3. It is a substance.

Corrosion (huminic acid, furboic acid) charges because it contains a large amount of carboxyl group and phenol hydroxyl group. The binding force of hydrogen at the terminal of the carboxyl group and the terminal of the phenol hydroxyl group is weak and is easily dissociated by the hydroxyl group of the external liquid to form a negative charge at the terminal. Naturally, when the concentration of the hydroxyl ions is high, the amount of hydrogen ions dissociated from the carboxyl group or the phenol group increases, and the negative charge amount increases.

Silicic acid, alumina, allophen, and corrosion in natural black clay minerals have been proved to always maintain neutral pH in water, and are very effective for purifying sewage and soil. The colloid of corrosion is negatively charged throughout. This is caused by dissociation of hydrogen from a carboxyl group or a phenol hydroxyl group as described above, and a part of the hydrogen ions are exchanged with a metal cation to form a so-called electric double layer. Since it has such an adsorption action, it has an odor removal function and a heavy metal removal function.

As described above, natural black clay is useful because it alone has an odor removal function, a heavy metal adsorption function, and a water purification function.

This natural black clay absorbs, adsorbs, and exchanges a variety of material species (ions and compounds) as a result of the unique physicochemical absorption and adsorption characteristics of allophene clay minerals and corrosive substances. , Buffering and other behaviors have been elucidated by soil studies.

However, this natural black clay is rarely intended to use the special behavior or properties for any purpose in fields other than soil science (agricultural soil). On the contrary, Icheon black clay absorbs and decomposes fertilizers, and thus is not suitable for crops.

Natural black clay in the present invention is used in the form of powder that is extracted from the soil, suitable drying method, for example, dehydration or drying by sun and / or air drying or gentle heating, and finely divided and then decontamination and contaminants. do.

Negatively charged minerals are pulverized and used in powder form. As the negatively charged mineral powder, it is preferable to use tourmaline powder, talc powder, feldspar powder, and mixed powder of two or more thereof.

The mixing ratio of the natural black clay and the powder of the negatively charged minerals depends on the use of the filter medium used, but is not particularly limited, but the capacity ratio of absorption and adsorption performance is 1: 0.1 to 1: 1.0, preferably 1: 0.1 to It is desirable to be 1: 0.3.

As described above, natural black clay is basically negatively charged, but weakly adsorbs cations on its surface to form an electric double layer. By the presence of cations on the surface, it appears to be positively charged in appearance.

When the negatively charged mineral powder is mixed with the natural black clay forming the electric double layer, the weakly bound cations are expelled and the negatively charged as a whole becomes more negatively charged. That is, the negatively charged mineral powder itself also has the ability to adsorb various ionic species, but as a result of expelling cations on the surface of natural black clay powder by mixing with natural black clay powder, the number of negatively charged particles You will be doubled.

Zinc oxide may be further mixed with these mixtures. Zinc oxide reacts with hydrogen sulfide gas to turn into zinc sulfide to remove odors. Zinc oxide is preferably added at a rate of 10 to 30% by volume based on the amount of natural black clay powder.

Pumice is also called pumice, and is called volcanic gravel, volcanic ash, and silas (sedimentary layer of volcanic ash and sand) depending on the size of particle size, and it improves the physical and mechanical strength of the manufactured water treatment filter material and is produced by their porosity. It is used to reduce the weight of the unit volume of and to increase the surface area in contact with water. Such pumice powder preferably includes volcanic gravel having a particle diameter of 20-40 mm and volcanic ash having a particle diameter of less than 20 mm.

The mixed powder of natural black clay powder, negatively charged mineral powder, and pumice has various gas and adsorption ability of phosphorus and nitrogen in sewage. In particular, hydrogen sulfide has excellent adsorption capacity.

A mixture of the natural black clay powder, the negatively charged mineral powder, and the pumice stone is bound with a binder to form a porous filter medium.

It is preferable to use resin, such as a mortar or an epoxy resin, as a binder for binding these. The amount of the binder is such that the mixed material is bound in the form of a particle or agglomerate to have a shape retention and not to lose porosity.

In the water treatment apparatus which concerns on this invention, in the water treatment apparatus which has an aeration tank, the said water treatment filter medium is arrange | positioned in the aeration tank. It is characterized by the above-mentioned. Thereby, the to-be-processed water can contact a filter medium efficiently and can perform a suitable water treatment.

1 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of an embodiment of a water treatment device 10 containing the filter medium 12, and FIG. 2 is a plan explanatory view of the device.

Numeral 14 denotes a first inlet tank, and numeral 16 denotes a second inlet tank. Sewage flows into the first inflow tank 14 from the inflow pipe 18, and contaminants are removed by the filter 20 and flows into the second inflow tank 16 from the ventilation holes provided in the partition wall.

In the second inflow tank 16, a filter medium 22 in which appropriate microorganisms (for example, anaerobic microorganisms) are reproduced is disposed, and the influent water contacts this filter medium 22 to undergo decomposition of organic matter.

Water from the second inlet tank 16 flows into the aeration tank 24 through the inlet pipe 23.

The aeration tank 24 is partitioned into four chambers 25a, 25b, 25c and 25d from the upstream to the downstream by partition walls 24a, 24b and 24c extending in the vertical direction.

Within each thread 25a, 25b, 25c, 25d, two net baskets 27 are arranged in two stages at intervals in the horizontal direction and two spaced apart in the vertical direction, that is, four in total. The said filter medium 12 is arrange | positioned in each net basket.

30 is an diffuser arranged in three rows in the space formed below the net basket 27 of the lower end in each chamber 25a, 25b, 25c, 25d. The compressed air supplied from the air pressure source (not shown) is discharged into each chamber from a small hole provided in the diffuser 30.

(32) is also an diffuser, and the compressed air supplied from the air pressure source (not shown) is opened in the space formed through the net basket 27 at the upper end and the net basket 27 at the lower end. It is discharged from the bottom of the diffuser 32.

Water in the aeration tank 24 enters the partition wall 24b from the chamber 25a into the chamber 25b from a vent hole (not shown) provided at the lower end of the partition wall 24a and into the chamber 25c from the chamber 25b. ), Through the partition wall 24c from the chamber 25b to the discharge tank 34 from the ventilation hole (not shown) provided at the lower end of the partition wall 24c from the chamber 25c to the chamber 25d. Go beyond. Reference numeral 36 is a discharge pipe.

3 shows the flow of compressed air in the aeration tank 24. As shown in FIG. 3, compressed air is forcibly convection in each chamber 25a, 25b, 25c, and 25d, and the water in each chamber is agitated by this, and comes into contact with the filter medium 12, whereby The odor component is suitably absorbed into the filter medium 12.

In addition, when the wastewater from the golf course is treated with the water treatment apparatus 10, the phosphorus and iron powders are also removed by lowering to a level below all phosphorus and rail tolerances. In addition, the acetate component in the pesticides of pesticides used in golf courses, isoprothiolane, plutonanyl, phencyclolone, metalaccil, mepronil in the fungicides, ashram in the herbicides, triclofil (amine), pyributchikal part It was also found that the traces of traces were also detected below the guideline level of the EPA, which is effective for removing these components.

(Example 1)

10 l natural black clay powder, 1 l negatively charged mineral powder, 13 l volcanic gravel with a particle diameter of 20 to 40 mm, 13 l volcanic ash with a particle diameter of less than 20 mm and 13 l of mortar are mixed and added in an appropriate amount to form particles or lumps. A filter medium was obtained.

(Example 2)

10 l natural black clay powder, 3 l of negatively charged mineral powder, 13 l of volcanic gravel with a particle diameter of 20 to 40 mm, 13 l of volcanic ash with a particle diameter of less than 20 mm, and 13 l of mortar, and added in an appropriate amount to form a granular or lump form A filter medium was obtained.

Experimental Example 1

Charged particles protruding from the bag by storing equal amounts of natural black clay powder, negatively charged mineral powder, and mixture of natural black clay powder and negatively charged mineral powder in bags of the same size each. The number of numbers was measured. It was thought that powder floated randomly in the bag, and all the air in the bag was extruded and the number of charged particles in the air was measured. The measurement position was measured using an ion meter (IC-1000) at a position 10 mm away from the inlet of the bag.

As a result of the charged particle number, natural black clay powder: negatively charged mineral powder: mixed powder = 50000 (+ ions): 20000 (-ions): 40000 (-ions).

The negatively charged mineral powder itself also has the ability to adsorb various ionic species, but as a result of mixing with the natural black clay powder as described above to expel the cations on the surface of the natural black clay powder, the negatively charged The number of particles doubled.

Experimental Example 2

Powder black of natural black clay mineral and tourmaline powder were mixed at a capacity ratio of 1: 1 to prepare specimen A, and powder of natural black clay and powder of juricone were mixed at a volume ratio of 1: 1 to test specimen B. Was prepared.

0.2 g of specimens A and B were placed in a vial of about 22 ml each, and sealed with a vial or septum, and injected with a standard hydrogen sulfide gas into the vial bottle so as to be set as a gas tight syringe. Was carried out by gas chromatography. The results are shown in Table 1 below. Controls std-1 and 2 are bottles without mixed powder.

As is apparent from Table 1, it was found that the specimens A and B both adsorb hydrogen sulfide at an instant and the hydrogen sulfide concentration became almost zero after 30 minutes.

Experimental Example 3

1 g of the specimen A and 600 ml of trimethylamine incorporation gas (trimethylamine 36 ppm) were injected into a tedala bag (5 L), and the gas concentration after 3 hours was measured using a detection tube (sample number: 2). The measurement result was N ₁ = 0 (ppm), N ₂ = 2.5 (ppm), and most of trimethylamine was absorbed and removed.

Experimental Example 4

1 g of the specimen A and 600 ml of ammonia mixed gas (860 ppm of ammonia) were injected into a tedala bag (5 L), and the gas concentration after 3 hours was measured using a detection tube (sample number: 2). The measurement result was N ₁ = 16 (ppm), N ₂ = 24 (ppm), and most of the ammonia was absorbed and removed.

As is apparent from the above results, the mixed powder of the present invention is excellent in various gas absorption capacities. In particular, natural black clay powder alone, or powder powder of negatively charged minerals such as tourmaline have almost no absorption capability of hydrogen sulfide gas, but the mixed powder has an excellent effect of absorbing hydrogen sulfide gas almost instantaneously. Moreover, it is excellent also in the adsorption capacity of the malodorous components, such as trimethylamine, ammonia, and methyl indole.

According to the present invention as described above, it is possible to obtain a water treatment filtration material and a water treatment device using the same, which are excellent in absorbing various harmful gas components, in particular hydrogen sulfide, and also excellent in absorbing of components in phosphorus, iron and other pesticides.

Claims (6)

A filter material for water treatment, characterized in that a mixed powder comprising natural black clay powder, negatively charged mineral powder and pumice powder is bound by a binder to form a porous material. The method of claim 1, The negatively charged mineral powder is a tourmaline powder, talc powder, feldspar powder, or a mixed powder of two or more thereof. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The binder for water treatment, characterized in that the binder is mortar or resin. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, A natural black clay powder and a negatively charged mineral powder have a mixing ratio of 1: 0.1 to 1: 1.0. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, The pumice powder comprises a volcanic gravel having a particle diameter of 40 to 20 mm and a volcanic ash having a particle diameter of less than 20 mm. A water treatment apparatus having an aeration tank, wherein the filter medium for water treatment according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is disposed in an aeration tank.