KR200149707Y1 - The compressor discharge temperature control system of a binary refrigeration quick freezing apparatus - Google Patents

The compressor discharge temperature control system of a binary refrigeration quick freezing apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
KR200149707Y1
KR200149707Y1 KR2019970008560U KR19970008560U KR200149707Y1 KR 200149707 Y1 KR200149707 Y1 KR 200149707Y1 KR 2019970008560 U KR2019970008560 U KR 2019970008560U KR 19970008560 U KR19970008560 U KR 19970008560U KR 200149707 Y1 KR200149707 Y1 KR 200149707Y1
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compressor
condenser
evaporator
low
upstream side
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KR2019970008560U
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Korean (ko)
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KR19980063963U (en
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김흥식
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김흥식, 김동식
주식회사창신
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F25B49/022—Compressor control arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/02—Compressor control
    • F25B2600/026—Compressor control by controlling unloaders
    • F25B2600/0261—Compressor control by controlling unloaders external to the compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2115—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor
    • F25B2700/21152—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor at the discharge side of the compressor

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

본 고안은 이원냉동급속동결장치의 압축기토출온도제어시스템에 관한 것으로, 증발기(10)의 상류측에 응축기(12)가 연결되고, 응축기(12)와 증발기(10)사이에 제1 및 제2열교환기(14)(16)가 연결되며 증발기(10)와 응축기(12)사이에 저압압축기(22)가 연결되고, 제1 및 제2열교환기(14)(16)측에 유입측이 연결된 고압압축기(28)의 하류측에 응축기(30)가 연결된다. 증발기(10)의 상류측과 제1열교환기(14)의 상류측에 각각 액분사변(38)(40)이 연결되고 응축기(12)(30)의 상류측과 압축기(22)(28)의 흡입측사이에 각각의 핫가스분사변(42)(46)을 갖는 궤환라인(44)(48)이 연결되어 압축기(22)(28)의 토출측에 온도감지기(50)(52)가 배치된 제어장치(54)(56)가 각 액분사변(38)(40)과 핫가스분사변(42)(46)을 작동시킬 수 있도록 한다.The present invention relates to a compressor discharge temperature control system of a binary refrigeration rapid freezing device, the condenser 12 is connected to the upstream side of the evaporator 10, the first and second between the condenser 12 and the evaporator 10. The heat exchanger 14, 16 is connected and the low compressor 22 is connected between the evaporator 10 and the condenser 12, and the inlet side is connected to the first and second heat exchangers 14, 16. A condenser 30 is connected downstream of the high pressure compressor 28. Liquid injection sides 38 and 40 are connected to an upstream side of the evaporator 10 and an upstream side of the first heat exchanger 14, respectively, and the upstream side of the condenser 12 and 30 and the compressors 22 and 28 of the compressor. Feedback lines 44 and 48 having respective hot gas injection edges 42 and 46 are connected between the suction sides, so that temperature sensors 50 and 52 are disposed on the discharge side of the compressors 22 and 28. Controls 54 and 56 allow each liquid jet 38 and 40 and hot gas jet 42 and 46 to operate.

Description

이원냉동급속동결장치의 압축기토출온도제어시스템Compressor Discharge Temperature Control System of Binary Freezing Rapid Freezing System

제1도는 본 고안의 구성도.1 is a block diagram of the present invention.

* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

10 : 증발기 12, 30 : 응축기10: evaporator 12, 30: condenser

14, 16 : 열교환기 22, 28 : 압축기14, 16: heat exchanger 22, 28: compressor

38, 40 : 액분사변 42, 46 : 핫가스분사변38, 40: liquid jet 42, 46: hot gas jet

44, 48 : 궤환라인 50, 52 : 온도감지기44, 48: feedback line 50, 52: temperature sensor

54, 56 : 제어장치54, 56: controller

본 고안은 이원냉동급속동결장치의 압축기토출온도제어시스템에 관한 것으로, 특히, 압축기로 유입되는 냉매가 저온저압의 액체상태일때에 이에 고온고압의 기체냉매를 투입하여 압축기에 저온저압의 기체상태냉매가 유입되도록 하므로서 압축기의 토출온도가 상승하는 것을 방지할 수 있도록한 이원냉동기급속동결장치의 압축기토출온도제어시스템에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a compressor discharge temperature control system of a binary refrigeration rapid freezing device, and in particular, when the refrigerant flowing into the compressor is a low-temperature low-pressure liquid state, a high-temperature, high-pressure gas refrigerant is introduced into the compressor to provide a low-temperature low-pressure gaseous refrigerant The present invention relates to a compressor discharge temperature control system of a dual-cooler rapid freezing apparatus, which prevents the discharge temperature of the compressor from rising by allowing water to be introduced therein.

일반적으로 산업의 발달에 따라서 농수축산물의 유통과정에서 이들을 대량으로 급속동결하는 것이 요구되고 있다. 이를 위하여 유통상 급속동결을 요구하거나 심냉도가 큰 제품을 급속동결하기 위해 초저온저장창고가 필요하게 되었으며, 이러한 초저온저장 창고에 사용하기 위하여 이단압축식냉동기가 도입된 바 있다. 그러나 이러한 이단압축식 냉동기는 전력비와 유지보수 비용이 높아 전력비를 현저히 낮출수 있는 대용량의 산업용 이원냉동기가 보급되었다. 이러한 이원냉동기를 포함하여 대부분의 냉동기에서는 냉매가 증발기로 유입되기 전에 팽창변을 사용하여 액체상태 냉매를 기화시키는 방식을 채택하고 있으나 증발기에 적상이 되는 문제가 발생하며 액체상태냉매가 압축기로 유입되어 이 압축기에 손상을 가져오게 되는 문제가 있다. 특히, 압축기의 경우 흡입가스의 과열도가 크면 저효율 운전되어 토출온도가 상승하고 냉동오일의 탄화로 인하여 카본이 생성되어 압축기의 수명을 단축시키거나 치명적인 손상을 줄 수 있다.In general, as the industry develops, it is required to rapidly freeze them in large quantities in the distribution process of agricultural and livestock products. To this end, cryogenic storage warehouses are required to require rapid freezing in distribution or to freeze products with high deep cooling, and two-stage compressors have been introduced for use in such cryogenic storage warehouses. However, these two-stage compressors have been widely used in industrial large-capacity refrigerators, which can significantly lower power costs due to high power and maintenance costs. Most of the refrigerators, including such dual refrigerators, employ a method of vaporizing liquid refrigerant by using an expansion valve before the refrigerant flows into the evaporator. There is a problem of damage to the compressor. Particularly, in the case of the compressor, if the superheat of the suction gas is large, the efficiency of operation is low, the discharge temperature is increased, and carbon is generated due to carbonization of the refrigeration oil, which may shorten the life of the compressor or cause a fatal damage.

본 고안에 있어서는 종래의 이와 같은 점을 감안하여 안출한 것으로, 압축기로 유입되는 냉매가 저온저압의 액체상태일때에는 고압배관측, 즉 토출측의 온도가 상승하므로 이 상승온도를 감지하여 압축기의 흡입측에 유입되는 저온저압의 액체상태냉매에 고온고압의 기체상태냉매를 투입하여 압축기의 손상 및 소손을 방지토록한 것인바, 이를 첨부도면에 의거하여 보다 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.In the present invention, in consideration of such a conventional point, it is designed. When the refrigerant flowing into the compressor is a liquid at low temperature and low pressure, the temperature of the high pressure piping side, that is, the discharge side rises, so that the rising temperature is sensed to detect the suction side of the compressor. The high temperature and high pressure gaseous refrigerant is introduced into the low temperature low pressure liquid state refrigerant to be introduced to prevent damage and burnout of the compressor, which will be described in more detail based on the accompanying drawings.

초저온 저장창고(도시하지 않았음)의 고내온도를 실질적으로 냉각시키는 증발시(10)의 상류측에 응축기(12)가 연결되고 이 응축기(12)와 증발기(10)사이로 응축기(12)로부터 차례로 제1열교환기(14), 제2열교환기(16), 필터드라이어(18) 및 액면계(20)가 연결되며, 증발기(10)와 응축기(12)사이에 저압압축기(22)가 연결되어 증발기(10)와 저압압축기(22) 사이에 석션필터(24)가 연결되고 저압압축기(22)와 응축기(12)사이에 유분리기(26)가 연결되며, 제1 및 제2열교환기(14)(16)측에 유입측이 연결된 고압압축기(28)의 하류측에 차례로 응축기(30), 수액기(32), 필터드라이어(34) 및 액면계(36)가 연결되고 응축기(12)의 하류측과 저압압축기(22)사이에 팽창탱크(37)가 연결된 것에 있어서, 증발기(10)와 액면계(20)사이에 액분사변(38)을 연결하고 액면계(36)의 하류측에 액분사변(40)을 연결하며, 응축기(12)의 상류측과 저압압축기(22)의 흡입측에 핫가스분사변(42)을 갖는 궤환라인(44)을 연결하고 고압압축기(28)의 토출측으로 흡입측으로 핫가스분사변(46)을 갖는 궤환라인(48)을 연결하며, 저압압축기(22)와 고압압축기(28)의 토출측에 각각 온도감지기(50)(52)를 착설하여 이 온도감지기(50)(52)에 응답하는 각각의 제어장치(54)(56)가 궤환라인(44)의 핫가스분사변(42) 및 증발기(10)의 액분사변(38)과, 궤환라인(48)의 핫가스분사변(46) 및 액면계(36)하류측의 액분사변(40)을 작동시킬 수 있게 된 구조이다.A condenser 12 is connected upstream of the evaporation 10 that substantially cools the internal temperature of the cryogenic storage warehouse (not shown), and in turn from the condenser 12 between the condenser 12 and the evaporator 10. The first heat exchanger 14, the second heat exchanger 16, the filter drier 18, and the liquid level gauge 20 are connected, and the low compressor 22 is connected between the evaporator 10 and the condenser 12 so that the evaporator is connected. A suction filter 24 is connected between the low compressor 22 and the low compressor 22, and an oil separator 26 is connected between the low compressor 22 and the condenser 12, and the first and second heat exchangers 14 are connected. The condenser 30, the receiver 32, the filter drier 34, and the liquid level gauge 36 are connected in turn to the downstream side of the high pressure compressor 28 in which the inflow side is connected to the (16) side, and the downstream side of the condenser 12. The expansion tank 37 is connected between the low pressure compressor 22 and the low pressure compressor 22. The liquid injection edge 38 is connected between the evaporator 10 and the liquid level gauge 20, and the liquid injection edge 40 is disposed downstream of the liquid level gauge 36. To And a feedback line 44 having a hot gas injection valve 42 connected to an upstream side of the condenser 12 and a suction side of the low compressor 22 and a hot gas powder to the suction side as a discharge side of the high pressure compressor 28. A feedback line 48 having a quadrangle 46 is connected, and temperature sensors 50 and 52 are installed on the discharge side of the low compressor 22 and the high pressure compressor 28, respectively. Each control device 54, 56 responding to the hot gas injection edge 42 of the feedback line 44 and the liquid injection edge 38 of the evaporator 10 and the hot gas injection edge of the feedback line 48, respectively. (46) and the liquid injection side 40 downstream of the liquid level gauge 36 are the structure which became operable.

이와 같은 본 고안에 있어서, 고압압축기(28)측에서, 이에 저온저압의 기체상태냉매가 공급되어 그 토출측에서 압축된 냉매가 토출되어 고온고압의 기체상태인 냉매가 응축기(30)를 통과하게 되며 이를 통과한 냉매는 중온고압의 액체상태로 액체상태의 냉매를 기체화시키는 수액기(32)와 필터드라이어(34) 및 액면계(36)를 통과하여 액분사변(40)에서 저온저압의 냉매가 제1 및 제2열교환기(14)(16)로 유입되어 저압압축기(22)의 회로측 냉매를 냉각시킨다. 저압압축기(22)측의 회로에서는 저압압축기(22)의 유입측에서 저온저압의 기체상태인 냉매가 저압압축기(22)에서 압축되어 고온고압의 기체상태 냉매로 토출되어 유분리기(26)를 통하여 응축기(12)로 공급되며 이로부터 제1 및 제2열교환기(14)(16)를 통과하면서 고압압축기(28)측 냉각회로의 냉매에 의하여 과냉된다(이원냉동방식). 이와 같이 과냉된 냉매는 필터드라이어(18)와 액면계(20)를 지나 액분사변(16)에서 기체/액체상태로 냉매가 분사되어 증발기(10)에 초저온저장창고의 고내온도를 냉각시키도록 열교환이 이루어진다. 이후 액체상태의 냉매가 석션필터(24)를 통하여 저압압축기(22)에서 압축되고 토출된 고온고압의 기체상태 냉매가 유분리기(26)를 지나 응축기(12)로 공급되는 순환을 계속한다.In the present invention as described above, the low-pressure low-pressure gaseous refrigerant is supplied to the high-pressure compressor 28, the compressed refrigerant is discharged from the discharge side of the high-pressure compressor 28 is passed through the condenser 30 of the high-temperature high-pressure gas state refrigerant The refrigerant having passed therethrough passes through the receiver 32, the filter drier 34, and the liquid level gauge 36, which vaporizes the liquid refrigerant in a liquid state of medium temperature and high pressure. And a second heat exchanger (14) and (16) to cool the circuit-side refrigerant of the low compressor (22). In the circuit on the low compressor 22 side, the low-temperature, low-pressure gaseous refrigerant at the inlet side of the low compressor 22 is compressed by the low-compressor 22 and discharged to the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant through the oil separator 26. It is supplied to the condenser 12, and passes through the first and second heat exchangers 14 and 16 therefrom, and is supercooled by the refrigerant in the cooling circuit on the high-pressure compressor 28 side (binary cooling method). The refrigerant cooled as described above is heat-exchanged to cool the internal temperature of the cryogenic storage warehouse through the filter drier 18 and the liquid level gauge 20, and the refrigerant is injected in the gas / liquid state from the liquid spray side 16. Is done. Thereafter, the refrigerant in the liquid state is compressed and discharged from the low compressor 22 through the suction filter 24 to continue the circulation in which the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is supplied to the condenser 12 through the oil separator 26.

여기에서, 저압압축기(22)나 고압압축기(28)에서 이들 압축기로 유입되는 냉매가 저온저압의 액체상태일 때에는 고압배관측, 즉 토출측의 온도가 상승하게 되는 바, 이는 흡입가스의 과열도가 큼을 의미하여 이와 같은 경우에 압축기가 저효율로 운전되어 토출온도가 상승하고 냉동오일의 탄화로 압축기내의 가동부품사이에 카본이 생성되어 압축기의 수명을 단축시키거나 치명적인 손상을 입히게 된다.Here, when the refrigerant flowing into the compressor from the low compressor 22 or the high pressure compressor 28 is a liquid at low temperature and low pressure, the temperature of the high pressure pipe side, that is, the discharge side, is increased, which indicates that the superheat degree of the suction gas is increased. In this case, the compressor is operated with low efficiency, the discharge temperature is increased, and carbon is generated between the moving parts in the compressor due to carbonization of the refrigeration oil, which shortens the life of the compressor or causes fatal damage.

본 고안에 따라서, 이러한 문제를 해결토록 저압압축기(22)의 회로측에서 증발기(10)의 상류측에 전자적인 제어장치(54)로 제어되는 액분사변(38)이 연결되고, 고압압축기(28)의 회로측에서는 제1열교환기(14)의 상류측에 전자적인 제어장치(56)에 의하여 제어되는 액분사변(40)이 연결되며, 각 압축기(22)(28)의 토출측에 토출온도를 감지하여 이를 입력신호로 각 제어장치(54)(56)에 보내는 온도감지에(50)(52)가 배채된다. 또한 제어장치(54)(56)는 각 궤환라인(44)(48)의 핫가스분사변(42)(46)을 제어한다. 각 압축기(22)(28)의 토출측에서 상승온도가 각각의 온도감지기(50)(52)에 의하여 감지되면 제어장치(54)(56)가 동작하여 각 액분사변(38)(40)의 작동을 제어함과 동시에 핫가스분사변(42)(46)을 개방토록 작동하여 각 압축기(22)(28)의 흡입측으로 고온고압의 냉매를 투입한다. 이러한 고온고압의 냉매는 저온저압의 기체상태인 냉매와 함께 압축기(22)(28)에 공급되므로 압축기(22)(28)의 토출온도가 크게 상승되는 것을 방지하여 압축기의 손상 및 소손을 방지토록한다.According to the present invention, the liquid injection edge 38 controlled by the electronic controller 54 is connected to the upstream side of the evaporator 10 on the circuit side of the low compressor 22 to solve this problem, and the high pressure compressor 28 At the circuit side, the liquid injection valve 40 controlled by the electronic control device 56 is connected to the upstream side of the first heat exchanger 14, and the discharge temperature is sensed at the discharge side of each compressor 22 or 28. Thus, the temperature sensing devices 50 and 52 are sent to the control devices 54 and 56 as input signals. The control devices 54 and 56 also control the hot gas injection edges 42 and 46 of the feedback lines 44 and 48. When the rising temperature is sensed by the respective temperature sensors 50 and 52 at the discharge side of each of the compressors 22 and 28, the control devices 54 and 56 are operated to operate the respective liquid spray sides 38 and 40. At the same time, the hot gas injection valves 42 and 46 are operated to open, and high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant is introduced into the suction sides of the compressors 22 and 28. Since the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant is supplied to the compressors 22 and 28 together with the low temperature and low pressure gaseous state, the discharge temperature of the compressors 22 and 28 is prevented from being raised so as to prevent damage and burnout of the compressor. do.

Claims (1)

증발기(10)의 상류측에 응축기(12)가 연결되고 응축기(12)와 증발기(10)사이에 제1 및 제2열교환기(14)(16)가 연결되며 증발기(10)와 응축기(12)사이에 저압압축기(22)가 연결되고, 제1 및 제2열교환기(14)(16)측에 유입측이 연결된 고압압축기(28)의 하류측에 응축기(30)가 연결된 것에 있어서, 증발기(10)의 상류측과 제1열교환기(14)의 상류측에 각각 액분사변(38)(40)을 연결하고 응축기(12)(30)의 상류측과 압축기(22)(28)의 흡입측 사이에 각각의 핫가스분사변(42)(46)을 갖는 궤환라인(44)(48)을 연결하여 압축기(22)(28)의 토출측에 온도감지기(50)(52)가 배치된 제어장치(54)(56)가 각 액분사변(38)(40)과 핫가스분사변(42)(46)을 작동시킬 수 있도록하여서된 이원냉동급속동결장치의 압축기토출온도제어시스템.A condenser 12 is connected upstream of the evaporator 10, and the first and second heat exchangers 14, 16 are connected between the condenser 12 and the evaporator 10, and the evaporator 10 and the condenser 12 are connected. In which the low compressor 22 is connected, and the condenser 30 is connected downstream of the high pressure compressor 28 in which the inlet side is connected to the first and second heat exchangers 14 and 16 side. The liquid injection sides 38 and 40 are respectively connected to the upstream side of the first heat exchanger 14 and the upstream side of the first heat exchanger 14, and the upstream side of the condenser 12 and 30 and the suction of the compressors 22 and 28 respectively. Control of temperature sensors 50 and 52 arranged on the discharge side of compressors 22 and 28 by connecting feedback lines 44 and 48 having respective hot gas injection sides 42 and 46 between the sides. A compressor discharge temperature control system of a binary refrigeration rapid freezing device, wherein the devices (54) and (56) are capable of operating each liquid jet (38) (40) and hot gas jet (42) (46).
KR2019970008560U 1997-04-23 1997-04-23 The compressor discharge temperature control system of a binary refrigeration quick freezing apparatus KR200149707Y1 (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101246372B1 (en) * 2011-04-06 2013-03-25 주식회사 에이치앤이 An experimental and training apparatus for two-stage compression refrigeration
KR102227156B1 (en) * 2020-05-15 2021-03-11 임정빈 Dryice Manufacturing System by Using Flat Type Energy Exchanger and Two Stage Cascade Refrigerating Machine

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101246372B1 (en) * 2011-04-06 2013-03-25 주식회사 에이치앤이 An experimental and training apparatus for two-stage compression refrigeration
KR102227156B1 (en) * 2020-05-15 2021-03-11 임정빈 Dryice Manufacturing System by Using Flat Type Energy Exchanger and Two Stage Cascade Refrigerating Machine

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