KR200145482Y1 - Low nox emission oil burner - Google Patents

Low nox emission oil burner Download PDF

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Publication number
KR200145482Y1
KR200145482Y1 KR2019940025597U KR19940025597U KR200145482Y1 KR 200145482 Y1 KR200145482 Y1 KR 200145482Y1 KR 2019940025597 U KR2019940025597 U KR 2019940025597U KR 19940025597 U KR19940025597 U KR 19940025597U KR 200145482 Y1 KR200145482 Y1 KR 200145482Y1
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
burner
air
vane
primary
combustion
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KR2019940025597U
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Korean (ko)
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KR960011691U (en
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이기풍
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김징완
삼성중공업주식회사
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Priority to KR2019940025597U priority Critical patent/KR200145482Y1/en
Publication of KR960011691U publication Critical patent/KR960011691U/en
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Publication of KR200145482Y1 publication Critical patent/KR200145482Y1/en

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D11/00Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/10Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour
    • F23D11/106Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour medium and fuel meeting at the burner outlet
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D11/00Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/10Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour
    • F23D11/12Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour characterised by the shape or arrangement of the outlets from the nozzle
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D11/00Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/38Nozzles; Cleaning devices therefor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D2202/00Liquid fuel burners

Abstract

본 고안은 분진의 특별한 증가없이도 기존버너의 질소산화물을 버너자체에서 감소시킬 수 있도록 고안한 것으로 확산형보염기(1), 일차베인(2), 이차베인(3), 버너외통(4), 분리통(5), 확산형 원추통(6), 버너평행부(7), 연료노즐(8), 미세공기 조질판(9)으로 구성되어 있으며, 연소공기를 반경방향으로 설치된 일차베인(2)과 이차베인(3)에 의하여 선회된 공기를 분리통(5)으로 분리하여 확산형 원추통(6)으로 일차선회공기를 화로후류로 집중시켜 질소산화물을 분진생성량의 증가없이 저감시킨다.The present invention is designed to reduce the nitrogen oxides of the existing burner in the burner itself without any special increase in dust. The diffusion type base (1), primary vane (2), secondary vane (3), burner casing (4), and separation A primary vane (2) consisting of a cylinder (5), a diffused cone (6), a burner parallel portion (7), a fuel nozzle (8), and a fine air temper plate (9), with combustion air radially installed. The air swirled by the secondary vanes (3) is separated into a separating cylinder (5), and the primary swirling air is concentrated in the furnace after the diffusion cone (6) to reduce nitrogen oxides without increasing the amount of dust generation.

Description

질소산화물 저감형 버너Nitrogen Oxide Reduction Burner

제1도는 본 고안의 단면도.1 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

제2도는 본 고안에 따른 화로온도 분포도.2 is a furnace temperature distribution diagram according to the present invention.

제3도는 본 고안에 따른 공기비 변화에 대한 질소산화물 및 분진배출 특성도.Figure 3 is a nitrogen oxide and dust emission characteristics for the air ratio change according to the present invention.

제4도는 본 고안에 따른 부하변화에 대한 질소산화물 및 분진배출 특성도.Figure 4 is a nitrogen oxide and dust emission characteristics for load changes according to the present invention.

제5도는 종래버너의 단면도.5 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional burner.

* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1 : 확산형 보염기 2 : 일차베인1 Diffusion Type Inflammator 2 Primary Vane

3 : 이차베인 4 : 버너 외통3: secondary vane 4: burner barrel

5 : 분리통 6 : 확산형 원추통5: Separation box 6: Diffuse cone

7 : 버너 평행부 8 : 연료 노즐7: burner parallel part 8: fuel nozzle

9 : 미세공기 조절판9: fine air throttle

본 고안은 화석연료 연소로 인하여 생성되는 질소산화물의 배출량을 줄일수 있는 산업용 버너에 관한 것으로, 좀더 상세하게는 연소공기를 일차 및 이차로 분리 시키고 분리된 일차공기를 화염의 후류측으로 집중되도록 하이 연료노즐 선단에서는 산소농도를 낮추어 질소산화물의 생성을 억제하고 화로후류에서는 생성된 질소산화물을 질소로 환원시키며 아울러 미연가스의 완전연소로 질소산화물을 분진의 증가없이 감소시킬 수 있는 질소산화물 저감형 버너에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an industrial burner that can reduce the amount of nitrogen oxides produced by fossil fuel combustion, and more specifically, high fuel to separate combustion air into primary and secondary and to concentrate the separated primary air to the downstream side of the flame. At the tip of the nozzle, the oxygen concentration is reduced to suppress the formation of nitrogen oxides. In the furnace, the nitrogen oxide reduction burner is used to reduce the generated nitrogen oxides to nitrogen and to reduce the nitrogen oxides without increasing the dust by the complete combustion of unburned gas. It is about.

현재 산업용으로 사용되고 있는 화석연료용 버너에 있어서 연소과정에서 형성되어 배출되는 질소산화물은 광화학 스모그를 일으키는 주 원인이므로 배출장의 규제가 엄격해지고 있다. 따라서 완전연소는 버너의 기본적인 만족 사항이며 질소산화물의 감소정도가 버너의 성능을 좌우하는 매우 중요한 항목으로 인식되고 있다.In the fossil fuel burners currently used for industrial purposes, the nitrogen oxides formed and emitted during the combustion process are the main cause of photochemical smog, and the regulation of the emission field is becoming more strict. Therefore, complete combustion is a basic requirement of the burner, and the reduction of nitrogen oxide is recognized as a very important item that determines the performance of the burner.

종래에 사용되고 있는 산업용 버너의 질소산화물 감소기법은 연소용 공기중에 함유된 질소가 고온의 연소분위기에서 과잉산소와 반응하면서 생성되는 '열적 질소산화물'을 감소시키기 위해 고온의 연소지역에서는 과잉산소가 부족하도록 연료 과잉 - 공기부족 상태로 유지하면서 질소의 반응을 억제하고 공기부족에 의해 발생되는 불완전 연소물을 노내 온도가 상대적으로 낮아지는 화로 뒤쪽에서 충분한 연소용 공기를 주입하여 완전연소시키는 방법이 주로 사용되고 있다.The nitrogen oxide reduction technique of the industrial burner used in the related art lacks the excess oxygen in the high temperature combustion zone to reduce the 'thermal nitrogen oxide' generated by the reaction of the nitrogen contained in the combustion air with the excess oxygen in the high temperature combustion atmosphere. Excessive fuel so that the reaction of nitrogen while suppressing the air shortage and the complete combustion by injecting sufficient combustion air from the back of the furnace where the temperature inside the furnace is relatively lowered by the incomplete combustion produced by the lack of air is mainly used .

즉 버너 앞에서 연료과잉-공기부족 상태를 형성하기 위한 방법으로 현재 실용화되어 있는 기법은 배기가스 재순환법(연소된 배기가스의 일부를 연소용 공기와 혼합하여 버너로 유입시켜 연소하는 방법), 화로내 이단연소(연소광기의 일부분을 버너위에 설치된 구멍으로 직집보내어 버너지역에서 불완전 연소된 연소가스를 완전연소시키는 기법)등의 설비추가에 의한 질소산화물 감소기법과, 버너에서 연소용공기와 연료의 혼합특성을 제어함으로써 질소산화물의 생성을 감소시키는 '저 질소산화물 버너'로 구분할 수 있다.In other words, the method currently used as a method for forming a fuel over-air insufficiency in front of the burner is an exhaust gas recirculation method (a method of mixing a part of the burned exhaust gas with combustion air and entering the burner to burn it). Nitrogen oxide reduction technique by adding equipment such as two-stage combustion (direct combustion of incompletely burned combustion gas in the burner area by sending a part of the burner directly to the hole installed on the burner) and mixing of combustion air and fuel in the burner By controlling its properties, it can be classified as a 'low nitrogen oxide burner' which reduces the production of nitrogen oxides.

전자는 질소산화물 감소효과가 높으나 기존설비에 질소산화물 감소용 추가설비가 요구되므로 경제적인 부담이 크며 보수유지에 지속적인 노력이 요구된다.The former has a high effect of reducing nitrogen oxides, but it requires an additional facility for reducing nitrogen oxides in the existing facilities, which is economically expensive and requires continuous efforts for maintenance.

후자는 버너 내부에서의 질소산화물 저감 기법이 응용되므로 전자에 비해 추가설비가 필요없어 선호도가 높아지는 추세이다.The latter tends to have a higher preference because no nitrogen oxides are applied inside the burner, requiring no additional equipment.

본 고안은 이러한 저 질소산화물 버너의 필요성애 의해 안출된 것으로서, 본 고안의 목적은 초기연소영역에서 질소산화물의 생성을 억제시키고, 생성된 질소산화물은 화로 후류에서 질소로 환원시키며, 분진의 증가도 없앨 수 있도록 일차선회공기를 화로 후류측으로 집중되도록 할 수 있는 버너의 제공에 있다.The present invention was devised by the necessity of such a low nitrogen oxide burner, the purpose of the present invention is to suppress the production of nitrogen oxide in the initial combustion zone, the generated nitrogen oxide is reduced to nitrogen in the back of the furnace, the degree of dust increase It is to provide a burner that can concentrate the primary turning air to the downstream side of the furnace so that it can be eliminated.

이와같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 고안을 첨부도면을 참조로 하여 이하에 상세히 설명한다.The present invention for achieving the above object will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

본 고안은 제5도에서 보는 것과같이 확산형 보염기(1), 일차베인(2), 이차베인(3), 버너 평행부(7), 버너외통(4), 분리통(5), 및 연료노즐(8)로 구성된 종래버너에 있어서, 제1도에서 보듯이 분리통(5)에서 버너평행부(7)까지 연장한 확산형 원추통(6)을 설치하고, 버너외통(4)에 미세공기 조절판(9)을 설치한 구성으로 되어 있다.The present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, the diffuse type injector (1), the primary vane (2), the secondary vane (3), the burner parallel portion (7), the burner outer cylinder (4), the separating cylinder (5), and In the conventional burner composed of the fuel nozzles 8, as shown in FIG. 1, a diffusion cone cylinder 6 extending from the separation cylinder 5 to the burner parallel portion 7 is provided, and the burner outer cylinder 4 is provided. The fine air control plate 9 is provided.

이와같은 구성의 본 고안이 질소산화물을 저감하는 작용을 제1도 내지 제2도를 통하여 이하에 상세히 설명한다.The present invention having such a configuration will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS.

본 고안에 따른 버너는 종래 버너 구성품중 분리통(5)에 확산형 원추통(6)을 설치함으로써 기존버너의 화염구조를 초기연소영역과 질소산화물의 환원영역으로 구분시켜 질소산화물을 감소시킬 수 있도록 고안한 것으로 연소용공기는 반경방향으로 일차베인(2)에 유입된다. 유입된 연소공기(2)는 일차베인을 통과하면서 일차선회되고 이중 일부는 이차베인(2)으로 유입되면서 이차로 선회된다. 이차로 선회된 연소공기는 연료노즐(8)에서 분사되는 연료와 접하면서 초기연소영역을 형성시키며 확산형 보염기(1)로 화염을 안정화 시킨다. 이차베인(3)을 통과하는 공기량은 일차베인(2)에 의하여 선회된 연소공기의 일부로 전체공기량의 20%정도이다. 따라서 초기연소영역에서는 버너외통(4) 등으로 들어오는 공기와 이차베인(3)을 통과한 공기 및 일차베인(2)을 통과한 공기의 일부분만이 공급되므고 연소용공기는 부족하고 상대적으로 연료는 풍부한 연료과농 상태인 확산화염이 형성되면서 연소공기부족에 따른 질소와 산소의 산화반응은 자연적으로 억제되고 미연가스와 함께 화로후류로 이동된다.The burner according to the present invention can reduce the nitrogen oxide by dividing the flame structure of the existing burner into the initial combustion zone and the reduction zone of the nitrogen oxide by installing the diffusion cone (6) in the separation cylinder (5) of the conventional burner components. Combustion air is introduced to the primary vane (2) in the radial direction. The introduced combustion air 2 is primaryly turned while passing through the primary vanes, and part of the combustion air 2 is turned secondaryly while being introduced into the secondary vanes 2. Secondary combustion air is in contact with the fuel injected from the fuel nozzle (8) forms an initial combustion zone and stabilizes the flame with the diffusion type flame sprayer (1). The amount of air passing through the secondary vanes 3 is about 20% of the total amount of air as part of the combustion air that is pivoted by the primary vanes 2. Therefore, in the initial combustion zone, only a part of the air passing through the burner outer cylinder 4, the air passing through the secondary vane 3, and the air passing through the primary vane 2 are supplied. As abundant fuel and concentrated diffusion flames are formed, the oxidation reaction of nitrogen and oxygen due to the lack of combustion air is naturally suppressed and is transferred to the furnace tail with unburned gas.

초기연소영역을 통과한 미연가스는 일차배인(2)에 의하여 선회되면서 분리통(5)을 지나 확산형원추통(6)과 버너평행부(7)로 형성된 원통형 유로를 통과하면서 화로후류로 보내어진 대부분의 연소공기와 접촉하면서 완전 연소하게 된다. 또한 이 지역에서는 초기연소영역에서 생성된 질소산화물이 탄화수소 중간생성물과 반응하면서 질소로 다시 환원되어 화로출구로 배출되는 최종적인 질소산화물은 감소하게 된다.The unburned gas passing through the initial combustion zone is turned by the primary vane (2) and passes through the separating cylinder (5), passing through the cylindrical flow channel formed by the diffusion cone cylinder (6) and the burner parallel portion (7) to the furnace wake. Complete combustion occurs in contact with most of the combustion air sent. In this region, the nitrogen oxides produced in the initial combustion zone react with the hydrocarbon intermediates and are reduced back to nitrogen, reducing the final nitrogen oxides emitted to the furnace outlet.

본 고안의 효과로는 제3도 및 제4도에 나타냈으며, 제5도의 종래버너와 동일조건에서의 본 고안과의 질소산화물 및 분진배출특성을 비교하였다. 제3도, 제4도에 나타난 바와같이 기존버너에서 생성되는 질소산화물을 분진의 증가없이 약 20%이상 감소시킬 수 있으며 연료노즐 선단에서의 연료과농 초기화염형성으로 화실온도를 저감시켜 화로전체적으로 균일한 온도분포를 형성시킴으로써 화로내 수열량 분포를 완만하게 만들수 있는 부수적인 효과도 있다. 따라서 본 고안의 버너만으로도 날로 강화되는 공해물질 규제에 추가설비 없이 질소산화물 배출 허용기준을 만족시킬 수 있다The effects of the present invention are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, and the characteristics of nitrogen oxide and dust emission with the present invention under the same conditions as those of the conventional burner of FIG. As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, nitrogen oxides generated in the existing burner can be reduced by about 20% or more without increasing dust, and uniformity of the furnace is reduced by reducing the temperature of the firebox by forming fuel and concentrated initial salt at the fuel nozzle tip. The formation of a temperature distribution also has the side effect of smoothing the distribution of hydrothermal power in the furnace. Therefore, the burner of the present invention can satisfy the nitrogen oxide emission limit without additional facilities in the regulation of pollution.

Claims (1)

확산헝 보염기(1), 일차베인(2), 이차베인(3), 버너외통(4), 분리통(5), 버너평행부(7), 및 연료노즐(8)로 구성되는 종래의 버너에 있어서, 분리통(5)에서 버너평행부(7)까지 연장한 확산형 원추통(6)을 설치하고, 버너외통(4)에 미세공기 조절판(9)을 설치한 것을 특징으로 하는 질소산화물 저감형 버너.Conventional structure consisting of a diffuser base (1), a primary vane (2), a secondary vane (3), a burner outer cylinder (4), a separation cylinder (5), a burner parallel portion (7), and a fuel nozzle (8) In the burner, nitrogen is characterized in that a diffusion cone cylinder (6) extending from the separation cylinder (5) to the burner parallel portion (7) is provided, and the fine air control plate (9) is provided in the burner outer cylinder (4). Oxide Reduction Burner.
KR2019940025597U 1994-09-30 1994-09-30 Low nox emission oil burner KR200145482Y1 (en)

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KR200145482Y1 true KR200145482Y1 (en) 1999-06-15

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