KR20010094411A - Tunnel blasting method using gel tube - Google Patents

Tunnel blasting method using gel tube Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20010094411A
KR20010094411A KR1020000016640A KR20000016640A KR20010094411A KR 20010094411 A KR20010094411 A KR 20010094411A KR 1020000016640 A KR1020000016640 A KR 1020000016640A KR 20000016640 A KR20000016640 A KR 20000016640A KR 20010094411 A KR20010094411 A KR 20010094411A
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
blasting
gunpowder
gel
loading
insertion holes
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KR1020000016640A
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Korean (ko)
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장동립
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장동립
쌍용건설 주식회사
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Priority to KR1020000016640A priority Critical patent/KR20010094411A/en
Publication of KR20010094411A publication Critical patent/KR20010094411A/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A27/00—Gun mountings permitting traversing or elevating movement, e.g. gun carriages
    • F41A27/26—Fluid-operated systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A23/00—Gun mountings, e.g. on vehicles; Disposition of guns on vehicles
    • F41A23/24—Turret gun mountings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A23/00—Gun mountings, e.g. on vehicles; Disposition of guns on vehicles
    • F41A23/34—Gun mountings, e.g. on vehicles; Disposition of guns on vehicles on wheeled or endless-track vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/70—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
    • F15B2211/705—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor characterised by the type of output members or actuators
    • F15B2211/7058—Rotary output members

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method for blasting a tunnel using a gel tube is provided to reduce noxious gases, dust and fragments generated during blasting of gunpowder by simultaneously decreasing vibration and noise generated during digging and blasting of tunnel and underground space and securing a certain amount of necessary blasting energy even with a small amount of gunpowder. CONSTITUTION: The method comprises a drilling step of drilling insertion holes(1) having constant depth and distance; a water filling step of filling water into the insertion holes(1); a first gel loading step of inserting and loading first gel tubes(2) into the water filled insertion holes(1); a charging step of connecting gunpowder(3) and detonator to the insertion holes(1) along the first gel tubes(2); a second gel loading step of inserting and loading second gel tubes(4) into the insertion holes(1) along the gunpowder(3); a plugging step of plugging up the insertion holes(1) with sand(5); and a blasting step of blasting the gunpowder by connecting the loaded gunpowder to a blasting machine.

Description

겔튜브를 이용한 터널발파공법{Tunnel blasting method using gel tube}Tunnel blasting method using gel tube

본 발명은 터널발파공법에 관한 것으로, 더욱 상세하게는 발파굴착시 발파에 의한 진동 및 소음을 줄일 수 있도록 하면서 적은 화약량으로도 소정의 필요한 발파에너지를 확보할 수 있도록 하여 화약발파시 생기는 유해가스와 분진 및 파편을 감소시킬 수 있도록 한 겔튜브를 이용한 터널발파공법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a tunnel blasting method, and more particularly, it is possible to reduce vibration and noise caused by blasting during blasting, and to secure a predetermined necessary blasting energy even with a small amount of explosives. The present invention relates to a tunnel blasting method using a gel tube to reduce dust and debris.

일반적으로 터널 또는 기타 지하공간 발파굴착시에는 도 3에 도시된 바와같은 공정에 의해서 이루어지는 것으로, 이는 심발공, 심발확대공, 확대공, 주변공등을 일정한 깊이와 간격으로 천공하는 천공단계와; 천공된 구멍에 화약과 뇌관등을 연결하는 장약단계와; 장약완료후 천공된 구멍을 모래로 메우는 전색단계와; 장전된 화약을 발파기에 연결하여 발파하는 발파단계로 이루어진다.In general, when tunneling or other underground space blasting excavation is made by a process as shown in Figure 3, which comprises a perforation step of drilling a deep hole, deep hole, enlargement, peripheral hole, etc. at a constant depth and interval; A charge step of connecting gunpowder and primer to the punched hole; A color filling step of filling the perforated hole with sand after the completion of the charge; It consists of a blasting step of blasting the charged gunpowder by connecting it to the blasting machine.

상기 구멍은 내부로 침투한 물을 배수시키기 위한 수단으로서 5∼10°의 하향경사각으로 형성되고, 직경은 보통 ø450m/m로 형성된다. 그리고 도 4에 도시된 바와같이 상기 구멍(100)에 다량의 화약(110)이 투입되어 뇌관으로 연결되며, 장약후에는 화약폭발에 의한 충격흡수를 위해 장약된 구멍(100)을 모래(120)로 메우는 전색(塡塞)작업을 수행하도록 되어 있다.The hole is formed at a downward inclination angle of 5 to 10 degrees as a means for draining the water penetrated therein, and the diameter is usually formed at ø450 m / m. And as shown in Figure 4 a large amount of gunpowder 110 is put into the hole 100 is connected to the primer, after the charge sand 120 to the charged hole 100 for shock absorption by the explosive charge Lomeau is supposed to perform the painting work.

그러나 이러한 종래의 터널발파공법은 굴착발파시 진동 및 소음이 심할 뿐만 아니라 소정의 발파에너지 확보를 위해서는 다량의 화약을 필요로 하므로 발파시 생기는 유해가스와 분진 및 파편량이 많아질 수 밖에 없고, 또한 상기 분진 및 파편의 비산으로 안전사고의 위험성이 높은 문제점이 있었다. 그리고 발파시 상기한 바와같은 진동 및 소음을 줄이기 위해서는 화학량을 줄일 수 밖에 없어 굴착장 및 굴착량이 감소하게 되고, 이는 공사기간을 지연시키는 문제점이 있었다. 또, 전술한 바와같이 화약발파시 생기는 유해가스의 배출을 위해서는 발파후 상당시간의 환기가 필요하게 됨으로써 공간기간의 지연으로 인한 공사의 비효율성 저하를 초래하는 문제점이 있었다.However, such a conventional tunnel blasting method is not only severe vibration and noise during excavation blasting, but also requires a large amount of gunpowder to secure a predetermined blasting energy, so that the amount of harmful gases, dust and debris generated during blasting can be increased. There was a high risk of safety accidents due to the scattering of dust and debris. And in order to reduce the vibration and noise as described above can not only reduce the amount of stoichiometry and digging amount is reduced, which has a problem in delaying the construction period. In addition, as described above, in order to discharge the harmful gas generated during the blasting, it is necessary to ventilate for a considerable time after the blasting, thereby causing a problem of inefficiency of the construction due to the delay of the space period.

이에 따라 본 발명은 상기한 바와같은 종래의 제반 문제점을 해소하기 위해서 창안된 것으로, 그 목적은 터널 및 지하공간 굴착발파시 발생되는 진동 및 소음을 줄일 수 있도록 하면서 적은 화약량으로도 소정의 필요한 발파에너지를 확보할 수 있도록 하여 화약발파시 생기는 유해가스와 분진 및 파편을 감소시킬 수 있도록 하는데 있다.Accordingly, the present invention was devised to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and its purpose is to reduce the vibration and noise generated during excavation and blasting of tunnels and underground spaces, while blasting any necessary blasting with a small amount of powder. Energy can be secured to reduce harmful gases, dust, and debris generated during explosives.

이러한 본 발명의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 삽입공을 일정한 깊이와 간격으로 천공하는 천공단계와; 상기 삽입공에 물을 충진시키는 물충진단계와; 물이 충진된 삽입공에 제1겔튜브를 삽입하여 장전시키는 1차겔장전단계와; 상기 제1겔튜브를 따라 삽입공에 화약과 뇌관을 연결하는 장약단계와; 상기 화약을 따라 삽입공에 제2겔튜브를 삽입하여 장전시키는 2차겔장전단계와; 상기 삽입공을 모래로 메우는 전색단계와; 장전된 화약을 발파기에 연결하여 발파하는 발파단계로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 한 겔튜브를 이용한 터널발파공법이 제공된다.Perforating step of drilling the insertion hole at a constant depth and interval to achieve the object of the present invention; A water filling step of filling water into the insertion hole; A primary gel loading step of inserting and loading a first gel tube into an insertion hole filled with water; A charge step of connecting the gunpowder and the primer to the insertion hole along the first gel tube; A secondary gel loading step of loading and inserting a second gel tube into the insertion hole along the gunpowder; A color filling step of filling the insertion hole with sand; There is provided a tunnel blasting method using a gel tube, characterized in that the blasting step of blasting by connecting the charged gunpowder to the blasting machine.

도 1은 본 발명에 의한 터널발파공법의 공정도.1 is a process chart of the tunnel blasting method according to the present invention.

도 2는 본 발명에 의한 터널발파공법의 장약상태를 보인 단면도.Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a state of charge of the tunnel blasting method according to the present invention.

도 3은 일반적인 터널발파공법을 보인 공정도.Figure 3 is a process diagram showing a general tunnel blasting method.

도 4는 종래의 터널발파공법에 의한 장약상태를 보인 단면도.Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state of charge by the conventional tunnel blasting method.

*도면의주요부분에대한부호의설명* Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings

1:삽입공 2:제1겔튜브1: insertion hole 2: first gel tube

3:화약 4:제2겔튜브3: gunpowder 4: second gel tube

5:모래5: sand

이하 첨부된 도면을 참조로 하여 본 발명에 의한 발파공법을 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, the blasting method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

도 1은 본 발명에 의한 터널발파공법을 보인 공정도이고, 도 2는 본 발명에 의한 터널발파공법의 장약상태를 보인 단면도로서, 이에 도시된 바와같이 본 발명은 천공단계-물충진단계-1차겔장전단계-장약단계-2차겔장전단계-전색단계-발파단계로 이루어진다. 상기 천공단계는 일정한 깊이와 간격으로 다수의 삽입공(1)을 형성하는 것으로, 상기 삽입공(1)은 통상에서와 같이 대체로 ø450m/m의 직경으로 형성되고, 배수를 위해 5∼10°의 하향경사각을 갖도록 형성된다. 상기 물충진단계는 발파시 폭발로 인한 소음을 차단할 수 있도록 삽입공(1) 내부공간을 물로 채우는 단계로서 상당한 효과를 갖는다.1 is a process chart showing a tunnel blasting method according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a state of charge of the tunnel blasting method according to the present invention, as shown in the present invention is a drilling step-water filling step-first gel It consists of loading stage-loading stage-secondary gel loading stage-color development stage-blasting stage. The drilling step is to form a plurality of insertion holes (1) at a constant depth and spacing, the insertion hole (1) is formed as a diameter of approximately ø450m / m as usual, and 5 to 10 ° for drainage It is formed to have a downward inclination angle. The water filling step has a considerable effect as a step of filling the inner space of the insertion hole 1 with water so as to block the noise due to the explosion during blasting.

그리고 상기 1차겔장전단계는 화약발파에 의해 화학반응을 일으켜 순간적인 고온.고압상태로 전환되면서 암반을 파쇄할 수 있는 힘을 가지게 되는 제1겔(Gel)튜브(2)를 물이 충진된 삽입공(1) 내부에 장전시키는 단계로서, 상기 제1겔튜브(2) 내부에는 상기한 바와같은 화학반응을 일으키는 화학액이 담겨진다.In the first gel loading step, a chemical reaction is caused by explosive blasting, and the water is inserted into a first gel tube 2 having a force capable of breaking a rock while being converted into a high temperature and high pressure state. As a step of loading in the ball (1), the first gel tube (2) inside the chemical liquid causing the chemical reaction as described above is contained.

상기한 바와같이 1차겔장전을 마친 후에는 상기 제1겔튜브(2)를 따라 화약(3)을 삽입공(1) 내부에 장전시키는 장약단계로 돌입하게 되는 것으로, 1∼3개의 화약(3)이 삽입된다. 또한 상기 2차겔장전단계는 제1겔튜브(2)를 따라 삽입공(1)에 삽입된 화약(3)에 다시 전술한 바와같이 화약발파에 의해 화학반응을 일으켜 순간적인 고온.고압상태로 전환되면서 암반을 파쇄할 수 있는 힘은 갖는 제2겔튜브(4)를 삽입하여 장전시키는 단계이다.As described above, after completing the first gel loading, the first gel tube 2 enters into the charging step of loading the gunpowder 3 into the insertion hole 1 along the first gel tube 2, and one to three gunpowder (3). ) Is inserted. In addition, the secondary gel reloading step causes a chemical reaction by explosive blasting as described above to the gunpowder (3) inserted into the insertion hole (1) along the first gel tube (2) to switch to an instantaneous high temperature and high pressure state. While loading the rock by inserting the second gel tube (4) having the force to fracture the rock.

그리고 상기 전색단계는 통상에서와 같이 폭발에 의한 충격을 흡수할 수 있도록 삽입공(1) 내부에 모래(5)를 채워 넣는 단계이고, 이 단계를 거친 후에는 발파기에 화약을 연결하여 발파시키는 통상의 발파단계로 돌입하게 되는 것이다.And the coloring step is to fill the sand (5) inside the insertion hole (1) so as to absorb the impact of the explosion as usual, after this step is usually blasting by connecting the gunpowder to the blasting machine Will be blasted into the blasting stage.

이와같이 구성된 본 발명은 굴착발파에 의해서 삽입공(1) 내부에 장전된 화약(3)이 폭발하게 되면, 이의 폭발에 의해서 상기 화약(3)의 전.후방측에 위치한 제1겔튜브(2) 및 제2겔튜브(4)가 터지면서 내부의 화학액이 화약폭발에 의한 화학반응으로 순간적인 고온, 고압상태로 전환되고, 이에 따라 삽입공(1) 내부에는 암반을 파쇄할 수 있는 큰 힘이 발생되면서 굴착이 이루어지게 된다. 그리고 폭발시발생되는 소음은 삽입공(1) 내부에 충진된 물에 의해서 상당히 감소되며, 충격은 삽입공(1) 내부에 충진된 모래(5)에 의해서 완화시킬 수 있게 되는 것으로, 이러한 본 발명은 공법은 터널굴착시 흔히 사용되는 쐐기형, 피라미드형, 부채형, 수직천공형 심발공 또는 전단발파공법, 분할발파공법, 측벽선진도갱공법, 중벽분할공법등의 여러공법에도 적용 가능한다.According to the present invention configured as described above, when the gunpowder 3 loaded inside the insertion hole 1 is exploded by the excavation blasting, the first gel tube 2 located at the front and rear sides of the gunpowder 3 by the explosion thereof. And when the second gel tube 4 bursts, the chemical liquid inside is converted into instantaneous high temperature and high pressure state by chemical reaction by explosive explosives, and accordingly, a large force capable of crushing rock in the insertion hole 1. As this occurs, excavation is made. And the noise generated during the explosion is significantly reduced by the water filled in the insertion hole (1), the impact can be mitigated by the sand (5) filled in the insertion hole (1), this invention The silver method can be applied to various methods such as wedge, pyramid, fan, vertical perforated deep hole or shear blasting method, split blasting method, sidewall advanced masonry method, and middle wall splitting method.

한편, 아래표는 본원인이 부산 수정산 터널축조 공사시 당공법과 일반발파공법을 각각 대비 적용한 것으로, 이의 소음 및 진동저감효과를 상호 비교하면 다음과 같다.On the other hand, the following table is the present inventors applied the construction method and the general blasting method of Busan crystal tunnel construction in comparison with each other, the noise and vibration reduction effect is as follows.

구분division 종래의 터널발파공법Conventional tunnel blasting method 본발명에 의한 터널발파공법Tunnel blasting method according to the present invention 비 고Remarks 천공경Perforator ø450m/mø450m / m ø450m/mø450m / m 천공장Cloth Factory 1.6M1.6M 1.6M1.6M 공당 장약량Payload 0.36∼0.54Kg(화약2∼3개)0.36 to 0.54 Kg (2 to 3 gunpowder) 0.18Kg(화약1개, 겔튜브2개)0.18Kg (1 gunpowder, 2 gel tubes) 지발당 장약량Dose amount per delay 0.72∼1.08Kg0.72 ~ 1.08Kg 0.36∼0.54Kg0.36 ~ 0.54Kg 발파진동값Blasting vibration value 0.29Kine0.29Kine 0.212Kine0.212Kine 직상(토피고38m)에서 횡거리15m지점(우측)15m lateral distance (right) from directly above (Topi Height 38m) 소음값Noise 78.5dB(A)78.5 dB (A) 63.9dB(A)63.9 dB (A) 직상(토피고38m)에서 횡거리15m지점(우측)15m lateral distance (right) from directly above (Topi Height 38m)

상술한 바와같이 본 발명은 겔튜브를 이용하여 굴착발파작업을 수행함으로써 종래의 일반터널발파공법에 비해 소음 및 진동을 현저하게 저감시킬 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 적은 화약량으로도 소정의 발파에너지를 확보할 수 있어 발파시 생기는 유해가스와 분진 및 파편량을 감소시킬 수 있고, 이로인해 분진 및 파편의 비산으로 인한 안전사고의 위험성을 줄일 수 있는 효과를 갖게 된다. 또한 기존에 진동 및 소음을 줄이기 위해서 화학량을 줄임에 따라 발생되는 굴착장 및 굴착량의 감소없이 그대로 유지됨은 물론 발파후 환기시간이 단축되며, 도심지 발파에 적용시 공사의 효율성을 보다 향상시킬 수 있는 효과를 갖게 된다.As described above, the present invention not only can significantly reduce noise and vibration compared to the conventional tunnel blasting method by using an excavation blasting operation using a gel tube, but also secure a predetermined blasting energy even with a small amount of powder. It can reduce the amount of harmful gas and dust and debris generated during blasting, thereby reducing the risk of safety accidents due to the scattering of dust and debris. In addition, to reduce vibration and noise, it is maintained without digging the excavation site and digging amount generated by reducing the chemical amount, and also shortens the ventilation time after blasting, and can improve the efficiency of construction when applied to urban blasting. Will have an effect.

Claims (1)

삽입공(1)을 일정한 깊이와 간격으로 천공하는 천공단계와;A drilling step of drilling the insertion hole 1 at a predetermined depth and interval; 상기 삽입공(1)에 물을 충진시키는 물충진단계와;A water filling step of filling water into the insertion hole 1; 물이 충진된 삽입공(1)에 제1겔튜브(2)를 삽입하여 장전시키는 1차겔장전단계와;A primary gel loading step of inserting and loading the first gel tube 2 into the insertion hole 1 filled with water; 상기 제1겔튜브(2)를 따라 삽입공(1)에 화약(3)과 뇌관을 연결하는 장약단계와;A charge step of connecting the gunpowder (3) and the primer to the insertion hole (1) along the first gel tube (2); 상기 화약(3)을 따라 삽입공(1)에 제2겔튜브(4)를 삽입하여 장전시키는 2차겔장전단계와;A secondary gel loading step of inserting and loading the second gel tube 4 into the insertion hole 1 along the gunpowder 3; 상기 삽입공(1)을 모래(5)로 메우는 전색단계와;A color filling step of filling the insertion hole 1 with sand 5; 장전된 화약을 발파기에 연결하여 발파하는 발파단계로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 한 겔튜브를 이용한 터널발파공법.Tunnel blasting method using a gel tube, characterized in that the blasting step of blasting by connecting the charged gunpowder to the blasting machine.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100732501B1 (en) * 2006-04-19 2007-06-27 박운삼 Reduction method of vibration in a blast spot
KR20220023560A (en) * 2020-08-21 2022-03-02 이수관 The rock cracking method by using gel liquid tube and submerged tamping material

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5014502A (en) * 1973-06-12 1975-02-15
KR910012492A (en) * 1989-12-22 1991-08-08 윤덕일 Vibration-free rock blasting method
JPH06174400A (en) * 1992-12-02 1994-06-24 Kazuhiko Atsuta Bench blasting method
JPH06307181A (en) * 1993-04-23 1994-11-01 Shimizu Corp Excavation of bedrock

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5014502A (en) * 1973-06-12 1975-02-15
KR910012492A (en) * 1989-12-22 1991-08-08 윤덕일 Vibration-free rock blasting method
JPH06174400A (en) * 1992-12-02 1994-06-24 Kazuhiko Atsuta Bench blasting method
JPH06307181A (en) * 1993-04-23 1994-11-01 Shimizu Corp Excavation of bedrock

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100732501B1 (en) * 2006-04-19 2007-06-27 박운삼 Reduction method of vibration in a blast spot
KR20220023560A (en) * 2020-08-21 2022-03-02 이수관 The rock cracking method by using gel liquid tube and submerged tamping material

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