KR20010090017A - Optical apparatus for adjusting shaft center between two shafts - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A light sensing type axial center conforming device for two shafts is provided to observe concentricity and error components of parallelism between two shafts in real time simultaneously and conform the centers of the two shafts with each other with high precision in a short time, wherein the use of a low output light emitting unit is possible since a hollow light refracting unit has no loss of light. CONSTITUTION: A light sensing type axial center conforming device for two shafts includes a light emitting unit(21) positioned in the right center of a sectional surface of a reference shaft(100) for radiating light beams, a collimator lens(23) attached to the reference shaft for converting the incident light beams to parallel light beams, a hollow light refracting unit(22) attached to the reference shaft and formed with a circular slot in the center for passing all incident light beams or remains after refracting the incident light beams partially, a first photosensitive plate(25) attached to the reference shaft to be positioned oppositely to the optical divider in a vertical direction for sensing light beams refracted by the hollow light refracting unit, an insertion mirror(27) attached to a subordinate shaft(200) for reflecting and passing incident light beams partially, and a second photosensitive plate(26) positioned in the right center of the subordinate shaft for sensing light beams passing the insertion mirror.

Description

Optical sensing for adjusting shaft center between two shafts}

The present invention relates to a shaft core matching device, and more particularly to a device that can accurately and easily match the shaft center between two different shafts.

In the mechanical field industry, it is common to connect the rotary shafts of two different devices for power connection between machines or to test the performance of the machine.In this case, if the parallelism and concentricity between the axes connected to each other do not coincide, Loss, breakage of machinery, and increased error in experimental results.

For example, in the case of an engine performance and endurance test, a dynamometer is used for the engine performance and endurance test, in which case the power transmission shaft is connected between the engine and the dynamometer firmly fixed to the floor. You will be tested. At this time, the agreement between the shaft center between the dynamometer and the engine, i.e., the concentricity and parallelism between the two shafts, determines the safety and reliability of the test. If the test is run out of the prescribed shaft level, it may cause the damage of the power transmission shaft and the damage of the dynamometer.

However, in the conventional case, the concentricity and parallelism are adjusted by using a dial gauge while moving the engine-side fixed support leg in the power system room. The difficulty in this case is that the concentricity and the factor of parallelism are correlated so that the parallelism is adjusted after measuring the concentricity, and the concentricity is out of order. The repetition continues.

This takes a considerable amount of time to achieve a defined degree of agreement (about 15 hours for a 15-year career and about a day for a year-long experience), resulting in the building, equipment, and storage of a very expensive power system. There is a problem that causes waste such as input work. In other words, the engine room should always be tested, but it takes a lot of time to set up. In addition, since the setting work based on the skill of the operator only, there is a problem in terms of management. In other words, it is difficult to set a standard time and require its compliance.

Referring to the problems of the prior art based on the accompanying drawings as follows.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which shows the conventional shaft shaft matching device between both axes.

Conventional parallel matching device between both shafts is provided with a parallel gauge check dial gauge 13 on the reference shaft 100 so that the end of the parallel gauge check gauge gauge 13 is in contact with the end surface of the subordinate shaft 200. When the reference axis 100 rotates, the parallel gauge check gauge 13 also rotates at the same time, and thus the end of the parallel gauge check gauge 13 is the end of the subordinate shaft 200. A circular trajectory is drawn on the subsection.

After installing the parallel gauge check dial gauge 13 on the reference axis 100 and installing the measuring device in the cross-sectional direction of the subordinate axis 200, the parallel axis error component between both axes is observed by rotating the reference axis 100. It can be seen. If there is no parallelism error between the reference axis 100 and the slave axis 200, the trajectory drawn by the end of the parallel gauge check gauge 13 will be in the shape of a garden. However, if there is a parallelism error between the reference axis 100 and the subordinate axis 200, the trajectory drawn by the end of the parallel gauge check gauge 13 cannot be the shape of the garden and the egg shape eccentric in one direction Will be.

However, the conventional parallelism matching device between two axes should know the error value of the four directions of up, down, left, and right, but when looking down, it is inconvenient, such as having to lean over and turn your head upside down.

In the conventional biaxial concentricity matching device, the concentricity check dial gauge 14 is installed on the reference shaft 100 and the end of the concentricity check dial gauge 14 is in contact with the peripheral surface of the subordinate shaft 200. When the reference shaft 100 rotates, the concentric check dial gauge 14 also rotates at the same time, so that the end of the concentric check dial gauge 14 is the peripheral surface of the subordinate shaft 200. A circular rotation trajectory is drawn in.

When the concentricity check dial gauge 14 is installed on the reference shaft 100 and the measuring device is installed in the circumferential direction of the slave shaft 200, the concentricity error component between both axes is observed when the reference shaft 100 is rotated. It can be seen. If there is no concentricity error between the reference axis 100 and the subordinate axis 200, the trajectory of the end of the dial gauge 14 for the concentricity check will be the shape of the garden. However, if there is a concentricity error between the reference axis 100 and the subordinate axis 200, the trajectory drawn by the end of the dial gauge 14 for the concentricity check cannot be the shape of the garden and the elliptical eccentric in one direction Will be.

However, the conventional biaxial concentricity matching device also needs to know the error value of the four directions, usually up, down, left and right, but still has the inconvenience of having to lean back and upside down.

In addition, when using the conventional two-axis axial coincidence device, both concentricity and parallelism are not sensed in real time, it is inconvenient to record the distorted amount by four directions by hand, and the concentricity and parallelism can be simultaneously matched. Since there is no relationship between the concentricity and parallelism alternately to work to be repeated, there is a disadvantage that takes a lot of work time.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention can make the operation quick and simple when matching the concentricity and parallelism between both axes, and high precision light sensing type that can reduce the axial error of both axes to a very small amount. An object of the present invention is to provide a shaft centering device between two shafts.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The figure which shows the conventional shaft shaft matching device between both axes.

2 is a view showing an optical sensing type biaxial shaft matching device according to the present invention.

Figure 3 is a front view showing a hollow light refractor of the optical sensing type biaxial shaft matching device according to the present invention.

4 is a view showing a first photosensitive plate and a second photosensitive plate of the optical sensing type biaxial interaxial shaft matching device according to the present invention;

5 is a view showing an application example of the optical sensing type biaxial shaft matching device according to the present invention.

* Brief description of symbols for the main parts of the drawings *

13: Dial gauge for parallelism check 14: Dial gauge for concentricity check

21 Light Emitter 22 Hollow Light Refractor

23 collimation lens

25: first photosensitive plate 26: second photosensitive plate

27: insert mirror 100: reference axis

200: slave axis

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a light emitting device; A collimation lens; Hollow photorefractors; A first photosensitive plate; An insertion mirror; Provided are an optical sensing type biaxial shaft matching device composed of a second photosensitive plate.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the optical sensing type biaxial shaft matching device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

2 is a view showing an optical sensing type biaxial shaft matching device according to the present invention.

In this embodiment, the right side of FIG. 2 is designated as the right side, and the left side of FIG. 2 is described as the left side. The positional relationship between the components of the optical sensing type biaxial axial coincidence device according to the present invention will be clearly described.

The light-sensing biaxial shaft matching device according to the present invention, is installed on the end end surface of the reference axis 100 and the light emitter 21; The hollow optical refraction machine (22); The collimation lens 23; A reference shaft attachment device including the first photosensitive plate 25 and an insertion mirror 27 installed at an end surface of the subordinate shaft 200; It is composed of a slave shaft attachment device including the second photosensitive plate 26.

The light emitter (21) on the reference axis attachment device; The collimation lens 23; The hollow photorefractors 22 are arranged in the order described above, the center of which is preferably in a straight line, and the first photosensitive plate 25 is located vertically below the hollow photorefractor 22. It is preferable. At this time, the straight line preferably corresponds to the center line of the reference axis attachment device.

On the other hand, the hollow light refracting machine 22 and the collimation lens 23 may be changed in position with each other.

The insertion mirror (27) on the slave shaft attachment device; The second photosensitive plate 26 is also arranged in the above-described order, which is also very preferably centered in a straight line. At this time, the straight line preferably corresponds to the center line of the slave shaft attachment device.

The reference axis attachment device and the subordinate axis attachment device are installed at positions opposite to each other, where the center axis of the reference axis attachment device and the central axis of the subordinate axis attachment device are ultimately placed in the same straight line with each other. to be. This is because the axis of the reference axis and the slave axis coincide with each other.

The light emitter 21 is a device for irradiating light rays, and a laser is mainly used as a light source, but the present invention does not necessarily limit the type thereof. The light emitter 21 is preferably located at the center of the end surface of the end of the reference axis 100. The light beam irradiated from the light emitter 21 forms a form (hereinafter, referred to as "diffuse light rays") gradually diffused by using the irradiation port of the light emitter 21 as a point light source.

The collimation lens 23 makes the diffused light irradiated from the light emitter 21 into parallel light and passes the whole amount as it is (100%). The collimation lens 23 is generally composed of a composite lens in which two concave lenses and two convex lenses are combined, but may be composed of only an aspherical single lens.

The hollow light refracting machine 22 passes the parallel light passing through the collimation lens 23 as it is (100%), and at the same time, some of the parallel light (50%) reflected by the insertion mirror 27 is returned. It is a device that reflects and passes the rest of the parallel light (50%) that passes through or is reflected back from the insertion mirror (27).

The hollow optical refractor 22 has an elliptical slot 22a substantially similar to a circular shape in the center of the body. The slot 22a is preferably installed so that the center thereof coincides with the center of the body of the hollow optical refraction machine 22 and the center line of the reference axis passes through the center of the slot 22a. When the hollow optical refraction machine 22 is inclined, the shape of the orthographic projection of the slot 22a inclined at an arbitrary angle with respect to the vertical section of the reference axis becomes an accurate circle, and the diameter of the circle and the collie It is very preferable that the diameters of the cross-sections of the parallel rays passing through the simulation lens 23 coincide with each other in size.

The parallel light passing through the collimation lens 23 is preferably all (100%) through the slot 22a of the hollow light refracting machine (22). However, the case where the parallel light (50%) reflected from the insertion mirror 27 passes through the slot 22a of the hollow light refractor 22 again is slightly different. In other words, if the parallelism between the two axes coincides, the parallel rays (50%) reflected from the insertion mirror 27 will be passed through the slot 22a of the hollow optical refractor 22 again, but the opposite axes If the parallelisms do not coincide with each other, the parallel rays (50%) reflected from the insertion mirror 27 will mostly pass through the slots 22a of the hollow optical refraction machine 22, but the other part of the hollow optical refraction Reflected by the group 22, it is directed toward the first photosensitive plate 25.

The optical sensing type biaxial shaft matching device according to the present invention is not particularly limited to the installation angle of the hollow optical refraction machine 22, but it is preferable that the refractive angle of the parallel light is 90 ° for convenience of operation. Do.

The first photosensitive plate 25 is a device for detecting light reflected from the light splitter 22. The first photosensitive plate 25 is located on one side of the reference axis attachment device, and the first photosensitive plate 25 is preferably installed so that the photosensitive surface of the first photosensitive plate 25 is parallel to the central axis of the reference axis attachment device. The photosensitive surface of the first photosensitive plate 25 has four cells for identifying whether the light beam reflected from the light splitter 22 is incident to the correct position, or if it is otherwise biased with a certain degree of error. It is divided into On the other hand, it is very preferable that the first photosensitive plate 25 is attached with a light detecting sensor that can accurately determine the position of the detected light beam with a certain degree of error. This is because there is a limit in the accuracy of measuring the deflection error of the focus with the naked eye. In the present exemplary embodiment, when the light amount sensed by the first photosensitive plate 25 is converted into a voltage value and the voltage value is transmitted to an operation device (not shown), the operation device internally calculates the voltage value and then the first value. 1 A photosensitive sensor of a format expressed by a coordinate value on the photosensitive plate 25 and outputted is used. However, the present invention does not necessarily force the use of only the photosensitive sensor of the above-described type, so it will be possible to use various types of photosensitive sensors different from the above.

The insertion mirror 27 is installed at the left end of the slave shaft attachment device, the mirror surface of the insertion mirror 27 and the vertical section of the slave shaft 200 is very preferably installed to be parallel to each other. The insertion mirror 27 reflects half (50%) of the rays (100%) coming out through the hollow light refractor 22 to the hollow light refractor 22 and sends the other half (50%). Pass it through.

The second photosensitive plate 26 is a device for measuring the incident position of the light (50%) passing through the insertion mirror (27). The second photosensitive plate 26 is located on the right side of the insertion mirror 27, and the second photosensitive plate 26 is preferably installed so that the photosensitive surface of the second photosensitive plate 25 is parallel to the mirror surface of the insertion mirror 27. The second photosensitive plate 26 is substantially the same as the first photosensitive plate 25.

That is, the photosensitive surface of the second photosensitive plate 26 has four cells for identifying whether the light beam passing through the insertion mirror 27 is incident to the correct position, or if it is otherwise biased with a certain degree of error. cell). On the other hand, it is very preferable that the second photosensitive plate 26 is also attached with a light detecting sensor that can accurately determine the position of the detected light beam with a certain degree of error. This is because there is a limit in the accuracy of measuring the deflection error of the focus with the naked eye. In the present exemplary embodiment, when the amount of light detected by the second photosensitive plate 26 is converted into a voltage value and the voltage value is transmitted to an operation device (not shown), the operation device internally calculates the voltage value and then the second value. 2 A photosensitive sensor in a format expressed by a coordinate value on the photosensitive plate 26 and outputted is used. However, in the present invention, since it is not forcibly to use only the photosensitive sensor of the above type, it will be possible to use various types of photosensitive sensors different from the above.

The sensing method of the photosensitive sensor is substantially the same as that of the first photosensitive plate 25.

Hereinafter, the principle of matching the concentricity and parallelism between the reference axis and the subordinate axis as the optical sensing type biaxial axis matching device according to the present invention will be described in detail.

First, the principle of matching the parallelism between both axes will be described.

Figure 3 is a view showing a hollow optical refraction of the optical sensing type biaxial shaft matching device according to the present invention.

The light beam (100%) irradiated from the light emitter 21 located at the center of the reference axis attachment device becomes parallel light beam by the collimation lens 23 and then is directed to the hollow light refractor 22. The hollow light refracting machine 22 passes all (100%) parallel rays incident through the slot 22a.

The parallel light passing through the hollow light refracting machine 22 is directed to the insertion mirror 27 in the slave shaft attachment device. The insertion mirror 27 reflects half (50%) of the incident parallel light rays. It is returned to the hollow light refractor 22 in the reference axis attachment device, and the rest (50%) is passed toward the second photosensitive plate 26. In this case, the amount of reflected or passed light is preferably set to the above-mentioned numerical value for convenience of implementation, but it is not necessary to keep the above-mentioned numerical value, various changes and applications are possible according to the embodiment.

At this time, the reflected light (50%) returned to the hollow light refractor 22 in the reference axis attachment device, if the parallelism between the reference axis and the subordinate axis coincide with the slot 22a of the hollow light refractor 22 (50%), but if the parallelism between the reference axis and the subordinate axis does not match, not all of the slots 22a of the hollow optical refractor 22 and the hollow portion (hatched portion) It is refracted at 90 ° by the group 22 and directed to the first photosensitive plate 25.

Thus, if the parallelism between the two axes is equal, the light detected by the first photosensitive plate 25 becomes 0%. If the parallelism between the two axes does not match, the first photosensitive plate 25 detects less than 50% of the light rays. do.

4 is a view illustrating a first photosensitive plate and a second photosensitive plate of the optical sensing type biaxial interaxial shaft matching device according to the present invention, wherein the first photosensitive plate 25 and the second photosensitive plate 26 are substantially the same. The principle of matching the parallelism between both axes will be described with reference to the first photosensitive plate 25.

When the middle black portion is a light ray incident on the first photosensitive plate 25, the deflection error of the light ray detected at regular intervals from the center of the photosensitive surface can be obtained by a simple arithmetic formula.

That is, if the incident light is deflected to the right, the deflection error Δx = (B + D)-(A + C), and if the incident light is deflected to the left, the deflection error Δx = (A + C)-(B + D If the incident light is deflected upwards, the deflection error Δy = (A + B)-(C + D), and if the incident light is deflected downward, the deflection error Δy = (C + D)-(A + B). If the incident light is deflected in an arbitrary direction, the deflection error can be obtained by combining the Δx component and the Δy component.

Next, the principle of matching concentricity between both axes will be described.

The light beam (100%) irradiated from the light emitter 21 located at the center of the reference axis attachment device becomes parallel light beam by the collimation lens 23 and then is directed to the hollow light refractor 22. The hollow light refracting machine 22 passes all (100%) parallel rays incident through the slot 22a.

The parallel light passing through the hollow light refracting machine 22 is directed to the insertion mirror 27 in the slave shaft attachment device. The insertion mirror 27 reflects half (50%) of the incident parallel light rays. It is returned to the hollow light refractor 22 in the reference axis attachment device, and the rest (50%) is passed toward the second photosensitive plate 26. At this time, the amount of the reflected light is preferably set to the above-mentioned value for convenience of implementation, but it is not necessary to keep the above-described value, various changes and applications are possible according to the embodiment.

The second photosensitive plate 26 is a device for measuring the incident position of the light beam (50%) passing through the insertion mirror 27, the principle of measuring the concentricity between the two axes with the second photosensitive plate 26 is the parallelism It is substantially the same as the principle of measuring.

If the concentricity between the reference axis 100 and the subordinate axis 200 coincide with each other, the ray (50%) passing through the insertion mirror 27 is incident on the center of the photosensitive surface of the second photosensitive plate 26. Done. On the contrary, if the concentricity between the reference axis 100 and the subordinate axis 200 does not coincide, the ray (50%) passing through the insertion mirror 27 is located at the center of the photosensitive surface of the second photosensitive plate 26. It fails to enter and is deflected in either direction.

When the middle black portion of the light is incident on the second photosensitive plate 26, the deflection error of the light rays detected at regular intervals from the center of the photosensitive surface can be obtained by a simple arithmetic formula.

That is, if the incident light is deflected to the right, the deflection error Δx = (B + D)-(A + C), and if the incident light is deflected to the left, the deflection error Δx = (A + C)-(B + D If the incident light is deflected upwards, the deflection error Δy = (A + B)-(C + D), and if the incident light is deflected downward, the deflection error Δy = (C + D)-(A + B). If the incident light is deflected in an arbitrary direction, the deflection error can be obtained by combining the Δx component and the Δy component.

In order to inspect whether the shaft centers coincide between the two shafts according to the optical sensing type biaxial shaft matching device according to the present invention, only the first photosensitive plate 25 or the second photosensitive plate 26 is observed. .

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, this is only an example and the spirit of the present invention is not limited thereto, and various changes and modifications may be possible. However, it will be understood through the appended claims that such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention.

For example, in order to reduce the size of the second photosensitive plate 26 according to the present invention and to make a more detailed measurement, it is necessary to collect light rays incident on the second photosensitive plate 26 at a constant focus. As described above, an attempt may be made to additionally insert the collimation lens 24 between the insertion mirror 27 and the second photosensitive plate 26. Such an attempt will also be within the scope of the present invention.

By implementing the present invention, the error components of concentricity and parallelism between both axes can be observed in real time at the same time, and high-precision axial coincidence work can be performed very quickly.

In addition, since the optical sensing type biaxial shaft matching device according to the present invention can be manufactured in a portable type, it can be always carried and has various application ranges.

In addition, since the optical sensing type biaxial shaft matching device according to the present invention does not lose the amount of light in the hollow optical refraction machine, it is possible to use a low power light emitter, so that the manufacturing cost of the light emitter is low as compared to the related art of using a high power light emitter. There is an advantage that it takes.

Claims (8)

A light emitter positioned at the center of the cross section of the reference axis and irradiating light rays; A collimation lens attached to the reference axis and making incident light into parallel rays; A hollow optical refractor that is attached to the reference axis and has a circular slot in the center of the body and passes all of the incident light rays or refracts only a part of the light rays incident thereto; A first photosensitive plate attached to the reference axis, the first photosensitive plate positioned perpendicular to the hollow optical refractor and sensing light rays refracted from the hollow optical refractor; An insertion mirror attached to the subordinate axis and reflecting some of the incident light rays and passing some of them as it is; A light-sensing biaxial shaft matching device including a second photosensitive plate which is located at the center of the cross section of the subordinate axis and detects the light beam passing through the insertion mirror. The method of claim 1, The optical sensing type biaxial shaft matching device, A reference axis attachment device installed at one end of the reference axis and including the light emitter, the collimation lens, the hollow light refraction member, and the first photosensitive plate; An optical sensing type biaxial shaft matching device, which is installed at one end of the subordinate end of the subordinate shaft and is separated into the subordinate shaft attaching apparatus including the insertion mirror and the second photosensitive plate. The method of claim 2, The light emitter on the reference axis attachment device, the collimation lens, and the hollow optical refractor are arranged in a straight line in the order described above, and the straight line connecting the respective centers coincides with the center line of the reference axis. Shaft Matching Device The method of claim 2, The insertion mirror on the slave shaft attachment device and the second photosensitive plate are arranged in a straight line in the above-described order, and a straight line connecting the centers thereof coincides with the center line of the slave axis. Device The method of claim 3, wherein And the collimation lens and the hollow optical refraction apparatus are arranged in a reverse order. The method of claim 1, The hollow optical refraction apparatus is an optical sensing type biaxial axial matching device, characterized in that all the light beams incident from the light emitter passes all but the light beams reflected from the insertion mirror passes all or partially reflected The method of claim 1, The first photosensitive plate is attached with a light sensing sensor for detecting the light beam and the position of the detected light beam with a certain degree of error so as to precisely detect Match The method of claim 1, The second photosensitive plate is equipped with an optical sensing sensor for connecting the two axis between the optical sensing type, characterized in that it is attached to the optical sensing sensor to accurately determine whether the position of the detected light beam with a certain degree of deflection