KR20010089303A - 연료 프로세싱 시스템 - Google Patents
연료 프로세싱 시스템 Download PDFInfo
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- KR20010089303A KR20010089303A KR1020017004749A KR20017004749A KR20010089303A KR 20010089303 A KR20010089303 A KR 20010089303A KR 1020017004749 A KR1020017004749 A KR 1020017004749A KR 20017004749 A KR20017004749 A KR 20017004749A KR 20010089303 A KR20010089303 A KR 20010089303A
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- hydrogen
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- membrane
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- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
- H01M8/0625—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material in a modular combined reactor/fuel cell structure
- H01M8/0631—Reactor construction specially adapted for combination reactor/fuel cell
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Abstract
Description
Claims (38)
- 증기 변형기는: 외부면과 가열 변형영역을 가지며 변형 피드스톡을 수용하는데 채택되는 셀;이산화탄소와 일산화탄소와 수소를 함유하는 변형작용 산출 스트림으로 피드스톡을 변환하고 피드스톡을 수용하도록 채택되는 변형작용 촉매 베드를 구비하는 변형영역;막을 통해 지나가지 않는 변형작용 산출 스트림 부분을 가진 부산물 스트림과, 막을 통해 지나가는 변형작용 산출 스트림 부분을 가진 삼투 스트림을 생성하도록 채택되며 변형작용 촉매 베드와 유체소통하는 수소-선택성 막을 구비하는 수소정화모듈; 및메탄생성 촉매를 구비하는 폴리싱 촉매 베드를 포함하며;폴리싱 촉매 베드는 수소 정화 모듈과 유체소통하고 그로부터 삼투 스트림을 수용하도록 채택되고 메탄을 생성하도록 촉매 반응으로 개별적으로 한정된 최소 농도 밑으로 삼투 스트림에 일산화탄소와 이산화탄소의 농도를 저하하여서, 일산화탄소와 이산화탄소의 한정된 최소 농도미만으로 소소와 메탄을 포함하는 산출물 스트림을 산출하는 것을 특징으로 하는 증기 변형기.
- 제1항에 있어서, 폴리싱 촉매 베드는 연소실로부터 유체 분리되어 열적으로 결합되는 것을 특징으로 하는 증기 변형기.
- 제1항에 있어서, 폴리싱 촉매 베드는 셀 외부에 배치되는 것을 특징으로 하는 증기 변형기.
- 제3항에 있어서, 폴리싱 촉매 베드는 그와 열적으로 연통하는 상태를 유지하면서 셀의 외부면으로부터 적어도 부분적으로 이격분리되는 것을 특징으로 하는 증기 변형기.
- 제1항에 있어서, 변형기는 부가로 변형기를 가열하기 위해 열을 발생하도록 공기와 연료 스트림을 수용하여 연소하는 연소실을 구비하는 것을 특징으로 하는 증기 변형기.
- 제5항에 있어서, 연료 스트림은 부산물 스트림을 적어도 부분적으로 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 증기 변형기.
- 제5항에 있어서, 폴리싱 촉매 베드는 연소실내에서 적어도 배치되는 것을 특징으로 하는 증기 변형기.
- 제5항에 있어서, 연소실은 연료 셀로부터 방출된 캐소드 공기 스트림으로부터 연소를 지원하는 공기를 수용하는 것을 특징으로 하는 증기 변형기.
- 제5항에 있어서, 연소실은 산화 촉매를 구비하는 것을 특징으로 하는 증기 변형기.
- 제5항에 있어서, 연소실은 버너를 구비하는 것을 특징으로 하는 증기 변형기.
- 제5항에 있어서, 변형작용 피드스톡은 연소실로부터 배기 스트림과 산출물 스트림의 적어도 하나를 가진 열 교환으로 변형작용 영역안으로 지나가기에 앞서 예비가열되는 것을 특징으로 하는 증기 변형기.
- 제11항에 있어서, 변형작용 피드스톡은 연소실로부터 배기 스트림과 산출물 스트림의 적어도 하나를 가진 역흐름 열 교환으로 변형작용 영역안으로 지나가기에 앞서 예비가열되는 것을 특징으로 하는 증기 변형기.
- 제1항에 있어서, 변형기는 변형 촉매 베드에 배급되기에 앞서 피드스톡을 기화하고 액상 피드스톡을 수용하는 것을 특징으로 하는 증기 변형기.
- 제13항에 있어서, 변형기는 피드스톡이 변형 촉매 베드에 배급되기에 앞서 그를 통해 지나가는 도관을 구비하고, 부가로 도관에 있는 중에, 피드스톡은 변형영역과 열 소통 상태에서 변형 영역과의 접촉으로부터 자유럽게 유지되는 것을 특징으로 하는 증기 변형기.
- 제14항에 있어서, 도관은 변형 촉매 베드를 적어도 부분적으로 통하여 연장되는 것을 특징으로 하는 증기 변형기.
- 제14항에 있어서, 도관은 변형영역과 피드스톡영역과의 사이에서 역흐름 열 교환이 가능한 것을 특징으로 하는 증기 변형기.
- 제13항에 있어서, 변형기는 피드스톡이 변형 촉매 베드에 배급되기에 앞서 그를 통해 지나가는 도관을 구비하고, 부가로 도관에 있는 중에, 피드스톡은 변형영역과 열 소통 상태에서 연소실과의 접촉으로부터 자유럽게 유지되는 것을 특징으로 하는 증기 변형기.
- 제1항에 있어서, 변형기는 변형영역에 유입하기에 앞서 피드스톡이 수용되어 기화되는 기화영역을 구비하는 것을 특징으로 하는 증기 변형기.
- 제18항에 있어서, 기화영역은 셀과 열적으로 소통을 유지하면서 셀 외부에 적어도 부분적으로 배치되는 것을 특징으로 하는 증기 변형기.
- 제18항에 있어서, 기화영역은 셀과 열적으로 소통을 유지하면서 셀 외부에 적어도 부분적으로 배치되는 것을 특징으로 하는 증기 변형기.
- 제18항에 있어서, 기화영역은 변형 피드스톡의 제1기화성분이 변형 피드스톡의 제2 적어도 부분적 액상 성분과 혼합되는 혼합실을 구비하는 것을 특징으로 하는 증기 변형기.
- 제21항에 있어서, 혼합실은 혼합실을 통한 성분의 난류 흐름을 증진시키는 수단을 구비하는 것을 특징으로 하는 증기 변형기.
- 제1항에 있어서, 변형기는 부가로 변형영역과 수소정화모듈과 유체소통하는 담금질 챔버를 구비하고, 담금질 챔버는 냉각 스트림과 열교환하여 산출물 스트림의 온도를 저하시키고 수소 정화 모듈에 유입하기에 앞서 변형 산출물을 수용하도록 채택되는 것을 특징으로 하는 증기 변형기.
- 제23항에 있어서, 냉각 스트림은 공기 스트림인 것을 특징으로 하는 증기 변형기.
- 제24항에 있어서, 냉각 스트림은 연소실과 유체 소통하는 공기 스트림인 것을 특징으로 하는 증기 변형기.
- 제1항에 있어서, 수소-선택성 막은 적어도 일 팔라듐과 팔라듐 합금을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 증기 변형기.
- 제1항에 있어서, 피드스톡은 알코올과 탄화수소의 적어도 1개와 워터를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 증기 변형기.
- 제1항에 있어서, 변형작용 촉매 베드의 일 부분이 셀 외부로 연장되는 것을 특징으로 하는 증기 변형기.
- 제28항에 있어서, 변형영역은 복수의 변형작용 촉매 베드를 구비하는 것을 특징으로 하는 증기 변형기.
- 제29항에 있어서, 변형기는 부가로 변형작용 피드스톡을 수용하도록 채택되는 배분 매니폴드를 구비하고 복수 변형작용 촉매 베드에 변형동작 피드스톡을 배분하는 것을 특징으로 하는 증기 변형기.
- 제1항에 있어서, 산출물 스트림에 수소 량은 수소의 이론적으로 활용 가능한 량보다 적은 것을 특징으로 하는 증기 변형기.
- 제31항에 있어서, 산출물 스트림에 수소량은 이론적으로 활용가능한 수소의 대략 50%와 대략 80% 사이에 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 증기 변형기.
- 한정된 최소 수준 밑으로 일산화탄소와 이산화탄소 농도를 함유한 수소를 생성하는 프로세스에 있어서, 상기 프로세스는:알코올 증기와 탄화수소 증기의 적어도 하나와 증기를 함유하는 변형작용 피드스톡을 수용하는 단계와;수소, 일산화탄소, 및 이산화탄소를 함유하는 변형작용 산출물 스트림을 생성하도록 변형작용 촉매 베드에 변형작용 피드스톡을 배금하는 단계와;막을 통하여 지나가는 변형작용 산출물 스트림 부분을 구비하는 삼투 스트림과, 막을 통하여 지나가지 않는 변형 산출물 스트림의 부분을 구비하는 부산물 스트림을 생성하도록 수소 선택성 막을 함유한 수소 정화 모듈로 변형 산출물 스트림을 지나가는 단계 및;메탄으로 삼투 스트림에 일산화탄소와 이산화탄소의 적어도 일 부분이 변환하도록 메탄생성 촉매를 함유한 폴리싱 촉매 베드를 통하여 변형 산출물 스트림을 통과하여, 예비 설정된 최소 수준보다 낮게 일산화탄소와 이산화탄소의 농도와 메탄과 수소를 함유하는 산출물 스트림을 산출하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 프로세스.
- 제33항에 있어서, 대략 200℃과 700℃사이에 온도로 변형작용 촉매 베드를 가열하는 단계를 부가로 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 프로세스.
- 제34항에 있어서, 대략 200℃과 700℃사이에 온도로 변형작용 촉매 베드를 가열하여 유지하도록 공기와 부산물 스트림을 연소하는 단계를 부가로 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 프로세스.
- 제33항에 있어서, 연소실로부터 적어도 산출물 스트림과 배기 스트림으로 열 교환에 의해 반응단계에 앞서 변형 피드스톡을 예비가열하는 단계를 부가로 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 프로세스.
- 제33항에 있어서, 수소정화 모듈로 공급하기에 앞서 변형작용 산출물 스트림을 적어도 부분적으로 담금질하는 단계를 부가로 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 프로세스.
- 제37항에 있어서, 상기 담금질은 연소실용 공기 공급부와 열 교환하여 이행되는 것을 특징으로 하는 프로세스.
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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USPCT/US98/21670 | 1998-10-14 | ||
PCT/US1998/021670 WO1999019456A1 (en) | 1997-10-15 | 1998-10-14 | Steam reformer with internal hydrogen purification |
US09/190,917 US6376113B1 (en) | 1998-11-12 | 1998-11-12 | Integrated fuel cell system |
US09/190,917 | 1998-11-12 | ||
US09/291,447 | 1999-04-13 | ||
US09/291,447 US6221117B1 (en) | 1996-10-30 | 1999-04-13 | Hydrogen producing fuel processing system |
PCT/US1999/008166 WO2000022690A1 (en) | 1998-10-14 | 1999-04-14 | Fuel processing system |
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KR20010089303A true KR20010089303A (ko) | 2001-09-29 |
KR100415235B1 KR100415235B1 (ko) | 2004-01-16 |
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KR100601232B1 (ko) * | 2003-03-31 | 2006-07-19 | 가부시끼가이샤 도시바 | 연료 전지 시스템, 연료 전지 시스템용 연료 및 이를 저장하기 위한 연료 탱크 |
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JPH04345765A (ja) * | 1991-05-23 | 1992-12-01 | Tokyo Electric Power Co Inc:The | 燃料電池発電プラントにおける水系処理システムおよび燃料電池発電プラントの燃料系システム |
JP3063622B2 (ja) * | 1996-05-28 | 2000-07-12 | 株式会社日立製作所 | ごみ発電システム及びごみ処理システム |
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