KR20010086783A - protable respirator and controlling apparatus and method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A mobile artificial respirator, and an apparatus and a method for controlling the same are provided to simplify the structure of an artificial respirator by using cylindrical detector, exactly monitor the breathing conditions of a patient by adding a ventilation monitoring apparatus to the artificial respirator, and properly carry out artificial respiration according to the conditions of patients by supplying a hybrid artificial respirator. CONSTITUTION: The apparatus for controlling the mobile artificial respirator comprises a power supply part (101) supplying power for driving to each blocks of the artificial respirator control apparatus; a charging controller (103) charging the power by supplying the power supplied from the power supply part (101) to a charging battery (102); a sensor part (104) detecting air pressure and flow inside the artificial respirator; a micro controller (105) driving an artificial respirator with power supplied from the power supply part (101) or the charging battery (102), and controlling overall action of the artificial respirator generating motor control signals and state display control signals according to detected signals of the sensor part (104) and detected motor speed; a motor drive part (106) controlling driving of the motor according to motor speed control signals outputted from the micro controller (105); a direct current servo motor (107) rotated forwardly and reversely according to controlling of the motor drive part (106); an encoder (108) transferring pulse type encoded signals to the micro controller (105) by encoding motor drive control signals generated from the motor drive part (106); and a display part (110) displaying the conditions of the current artificial respirator and respiration of a patient according to the state display control signals outputted from the micro controller (105).

Description

Portable respirator and controlling apparatus and method

The present invention relates to a mobile ventilator, and in particular, to provide a patient with various modes of ventilation, built-in patient monitoring device to observe the ventilation state of the patient without a separate monitoring device, the adoption of a rechargeable battery is sufficient even when moving for a long time In the control device and method of the mobile ventilator and its respirator, which enables the operation, and precise operation is possible by supplementing the control algorithm, and the patient's monitoring function can perform more appropriate breathing and quick response in case of emergency. It is about.

In general, ventilation refers to the expansion and contraction of a person's chest, a person who is in a state of incompetence, to resuscitation, to resuscitating the function of the heart, and to resuscitation. Refers to a device that performs artificially.

1 is a view showing the structure of a conventional ventilator.

Here, reference numeral 1 denotes a ball screw for converting the rotational motion of the motor into linear movement of the piston 3, reference numeral 2 denotes a silence block for preventing noise, and reference numeral 3 denotes a reciprocating motion. Denotes a piston, reference numeral 4 denotes a cylinder, reference numeral 5 denotes an outer limit switch for detecting that the piston 3 is displaced to the outermost angle, and reference numeral 6 denotes a position of the piston 3 Represents a detector.

In addition, reference numeral 7 denotes a coupling for coupling the ball screw and the motor shaft, reference numeral 8 denotes an intake hose for sucking air, reference numeral 9 denotes an exhaust hose for discharging the sucked air, Reference numeral 10 denotes a photocoupler, reference numeral 11 denotes an encoder for controlling the rotational speed of the motor, reference numeral 12 denotes a motor for driving the piston 3, reference numeral 13 denotes the piston 3 Represents a pivot for preventing a deviation from a certain distance.

2 is a cross-sectional view of the dotted line of FIG. 1, wherein the reference numerals shown in FIG. 2 are the same as the reference numerals shown in FIG. 1, and have the same function.

In the conventional respirator configured as described above, first, the rotational force generated by the driving of the motor 12 is transmitted to the ball screw 1, and the piston 3 moves linearly based on the force transmitted to the ball screw 1. In order to suck the outside air through the intake hose (8), the compressed air is discharged through the exhaust hose (9) is supplied to the human body.

In this case, the outer limit switch 5 is a switch for detecting that the piston 3 is out of the outermost angle, and operates when the piston 3 is out of a predetermined distance, and receives the microcontroller (not shown). Changes the direction of rotation of the motor in the opposite direction. That is, the piston 3 is controlled to return to its original position.

Next, the pivot 13 serves to assist the piston 3 to move to the normal position.

In addition, the photocoupler 10 detects the position of the piston 3 according to the position of the detector 6 during the linear movement of the piston 3. That is, when the piston 3 is close, the detector 6 is also relatively close to the photocoupler 10, the photocoupler 10 transmits light with the photodiode and then receives the light from the phototransistor to the piston ( The position of 3) is detected. In other words, the photocoupler 10 transmits the output signal of the phototransistor to the microcontroller. When the detector 6 is close, the light is blocked to transmit a high signal as a detection signal, and the detector 6 maintains a predetermined distance. When it is out, light is received and transmits a low signal as a detection signal.

Then, the microcontroller receives the output signals of the phototransistor and the initial point switch to control forward and reverse driving of the motor 12.

Here, the method for controlling the motor 12 follows the timing diagram shown in FIG. 3.

That is, when applying the T method as shown in Figure 3a, the control means calculates the speed of the motor by measuring the time of the pulse (Pulse) output from the encoder (11).

In other words, the speed (V) is calculated by 1 / t (counting period of the encoder pulse), and this speed control method can measure precisely at low speed, but at high speed (when the pulse interval is short), the error is severe. There is a disadvantage of poor precision.

Next, when applying the M method as shown in Figure 3b, the control means calculates the speed by counting how many pulses output from the encoder 11 within a predetermined time. That is, speed (V) = M (number of pulses generated in T time) / T (period of counting encoder pulses) is calculated, and the speed control method can measure precisely at high speed, At low speeds with long pulses, the error is severe.

On the other hand, the conventional ventilator acting as described above has the following problems.

First, there is a problem in that the precise position detection is impossible even if the piston is shaken or moved out of a predetermined position because the detector is fine.

Secondly, the use of the fever to guide the piston to a predetermined position, the use of this fever weighted the weight of the ventilator, there was a problem that the structure of the device is complicated.

Third, the T control method or the M method may be selectively applied to the motor control method. As is well known, the T method has a problem in that the precision is deteriorated in the high speed measurement, and the M method causes the error in the low speed measurement.

Fourth, the external battery is installed for the movement, such a battery has a problem that it is impossible to use when moving for a long time because the discharge time is short.

Fifth, because only the patient's airway pressure or air flow can be displayed, the exact patient's condition (oxygenation, heart rate) cannot be known when the patient monitor cannot be used. .

Therefore, the present invention is proposed to solve all the problems occurring in the conventional ventilator as described above,

An object of the present invention is to provide a patient with various modes of ventilation, and to monitor the ventilation state of the patient without a separate monitoring device by the built-in patient monitoring device, to adopt a rechargeable battery to be able to fully operate even when moving for a long time, It is to provide a mobile ventilator that enables precise operation by supplementing the control algorithm, enables more appropriate breathing through the monitoring function of the patient, and enables quick response in case of emergency.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a patient with various modes of ventilation, and to monitor the ventilation state of the patient without a separate monitoring device by the built-in patient monitoring device, by adopting a rechargeable battery to be able to operate sufficiently even when moving for a long time In addition, the present invention provides a control device for a mobile ventilator that enables precise operation by supplementing a control algorithm, enables a more appropriate breathing with a patient's monitoring function, and enables quick response in an emergency.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a patient with various modes of ventilation, and to monitor the ventilation state of the patient without a separate monitoring device by incorporating a patient monitoring device, and to be able to operate sufficiently even when moving for a long time by adopting a rechargeable battery. In addition, it is possible to precisely operate by supplementing the control algorithm, and to provide a control method of a mobile ventilator capable of performing a more appropriate breathing by a monitoring function of a patient and enabling a quick response in an emergency.

The ventilator of the present invention for achieving the above object,

In the portable ventilator with ball screw, silence block, piston, cylinder, outer limit switch, intake hose, exhaust hose, encoder, motor,

A detector coupled to the piston and formed in a circular shape to surround the ball screw to expand a position detection range of the piston;

It is installed to face the detector, characterized in that it comprises a photocoupler for detecting the position of the piston.

The control device of the ventilator of the present invention for achieving the other object as described above,

A power supply unit for supplying driving power to each block of the ventilator control device;

A charging controller for charging the battery supplied with the power supplied from the power supply unit;

A sensor unit for detecting air pressure and flow in the ventilator;

A microcontroller driven by power supplied from the power supply unit or the charging battery and controlling the entire operation of the ventilator by generating a motor control signal and a status display control signal according to the detection signal and the detected motor speed of the sensor unit;

A motor driver for controlling driving of the motor according to a motor speed control signal output from the microcontroller;

A DC servo motor for forward and reverse rotation under the control of the motor driver;

An encoder for encoding a motor driving control signal generated by the motor driving unit and delivering the motor driving control signal in a pulse form to the micro controller;

A digital speed detector for generating a pulse for detecting a speed of the motor and a position of the piston and delivering the pulse to the microcontroller;

Characterized in that it comprises a display unit for displaying the current state of the ventilator and the state of the patient according to the state display control signal output from the microcontroller.

The control method of a mobile ventilator according to the present invention for achieving another object as described above,

The first step of checking the system status,

A second step of initializing hardware and software,

A third step of analyzing and processing the input signal after the initialization;

A fourth step of processing an alarm generated when an alarm is generated as a result of analyzing the input signal;

A fifth step of processing an output signal corresponding to the input signal;

And a sixth step of displaying the state of the system after the output signal is processed.

1 is a view showing the structure of a conventional mobile ventilator,

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;

3 is a timing diagram illustrating a method of controlling a motor speed of a conventional portable ventilator. FIG. 3A is a timing diagram illustrating a motor speed control method according to a count cycle of an encoder pulse. FIG. 3B is a timing diagram illustrating an encoder pulse. It is a timing chart for explaining the method of controlling the motor speed according to the ratio of the number of pulses entered in the period and T time.

4 is a view showing the structure of a mobile ventilator according to the present invention,

5 is a partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 4;

Figure 6 is a block diagram showing a control device of a mobile ventilator according to the present invention,

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of a main controller of FIG. 6;

8 is a view illustrating an embodiment of the motor driving unit of FIG. 6,

FIG. 9 is a timing diagram for describing the motor speed control method of FIG. 6.

FIG. 10 is a view illustrating an embodiment of the power supply unit of FIG. 6;

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of an ECG module in a ventilation monitoring unit of FIG. 6.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of an SpO2 module in a ventilation monitoring unit of FIG. 6.

13 is a flowchart illustrating a control method of a mobile ventilator according to the present invention;

14 is a flowchart specifically showing an input signal processing routine of FIG. 13;

15 is a flowchart specifically showing an alarm processing routine of FIG. 13;

16 is a flowchart specifically showing an output signal processing routine of FIG. 13;

17 is a flowchart specifically showing a status display routine of FIG. 13;

18 is a structural diagram of a mobile ventilator according to the present invention, FIG. 18A is a structural diagram of a basic ventilator, FIG. 18B is a front view when a removable monitor is mounted, and FIG. 18C is a rear view when a removable monitor is mounted. 18D is a view showing a state diagram when using a removable monitor,

19 is a view showing the structure of a removable monitor according to the present invention, Figure 19a is a front view when the battery is mounted on the monitor, Figure 19b is a rear view of the battery and ECG & SpO2 module mounted on the monitor,

20 is a view showing the structure of a hybrid ventilator applied to the present invention.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

14 detector 15 photocoupler

101: power supply unit 102: rechargeable battery

103: charge controller 104: sensor

105: microcontroller 106: motor drive unit

107: DC servo motor 108: encoder

110: display unit

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, preferred embodiments of the present invention according to the technical spirit as described above in detail.

4 is a view showing the structure of a mobile ventilator according to the present invention.

Here, a ball screw (1), a silence block (2), a piston (3), a cylinder (4), an outer limit switch (5), a coupling (7), an intake hose (8), an exhaust hose ( 9), the configuration of the encoder 11, the motor 12 is the same as the configuration of the conventional mobile ventilator, the action also works the same.

The present invention is a conventional mobile ventilator as described above, coupled to the piston 3, the detector 14 is formed in a circular shape to wrap the ball screw 1 to extend the position detection range of the piston (3) )Wow; It is provided with the photocoupler 15 which is installed opposite the detector 14 and detects the position of the piston 3.

Here, the detector 6 provided in the conventional mobile ventilator is very small and located at the top, so that the detection of the piston 3 is impossible even if the position of the piston 3 is slightly displaced. Thus, a pevert is used in the piston to prevent rotation of the piston which may be caused by friction between the cylinder and the piston.

However, the detector 14 according to the present invention has a circular structure that can completely wrap the ball screw 1, and even though the rotation of the piston 3 occurs, the circular radius does not change so that the photocoupler 15 can be sufficiently detected. Act to help. At this time, the pressure change of the sucked air by the detector 6 and the position change of the piston do not occur.

In addition, the photocoupler 15 also has the same role as the existing photocoupler 10, but only a position is installed to face the detector 6.

5 is a cross-sectional view of the dotted line of FIG. 4, wherein reference numerals shown in FIG. 5 are the same as those shown in FIG. 4, and have the same function.

Figure 6 is a block diagram showing a control device of a mobile ventilator according to the present invention.

As shown therein, a power supply 101 for supplying driving power to each block of the ventilator control device; A charging controller 103 for charging the battery supplied with the power supplied from the power supply unit 101 to the charging battery 102; A sensor unit 104 for detecting air pressure and flow in the ventilator; Drives with the power supplied from the power supply unit 101 or the charging battery 102 and generates a motor control signal and a status display control signal according to the detection signal of the sensor unit 104 and the detected motor speed. A microcontroller 105 for controlling the overall operation; A motor driver 106 for controlling the driving of the motor according to the motor speed control signal output from the microcontroller 105; A direct current servo motor (107) for forward and reverse rotation under the control of the motor driver (105); An encoder (108) for encoding a motor driving control signal generated by the motor driving unit (105) and transmitting the encoded motor driving control signal to the microcontroller (105); A digital speed detector (109) which calculates the pulse generated by the encoder (108) in speed and position and transmits the pulse to the micro controller (105); It is composed of a display unit 110 for displaying the current state of the ventilator and the state of the patient according to the state display control signal output from the microcontroller 105.

The control device of the mobile respirator according to the present invention configured as described above, first, the power supply unit 101 supplies power required for each block in the control device.

Here, the power supply device is a core part of a general electric device, and in particular, a medical device has a direct effect on a patient's life, and thus a very high stability must be ensured.

The power supply device applied to the conventional mobile ventilator is a power supply device using a transformer, but the present invention adopts a switching mode power supply (SMPS) which is guaranteed in stability.

In addition, the built-in rechargeable battery function enables fast charging and long-term operation using the battery. The battery can be charged not only by the AC 110V / 220V power supply in the home but also by the power of the car battery.

Referring to the power supply 101 of the present invention in more detail as follows.

10 is a view illustrating an embodiment of the power supply 101.

As shown, an AC / DC converter 201 for converting commercial AC power into a DC power of a predetermined level, and a backflow prevention diode for preventing current from flowing into the AC / DC converter 201 when a cigar jack or a rechargeable battery is used. 202, a backflow prevention diode 203 for preventing current from flowing toward the cigar jack when the A / C power supply or a rechargeable battery is used, and a DC power output from the backflow prevention diodes 202 and 203 to a predetermined level. The first DC / DC converter 204 for converting and outputting the power and the power output from the first DC / DC converter 204 according to the output signal of the charging controller 103 are supplied to the charging battery 102 side. Switching transistor 206 to give or cut off, and to prevent the power discharged from the charging battery 102 to flow back to the switching transistor 206 A reverse current prevention diode 207 for preventing the discharge of the battery 102 and a discharge blocking switch 209 for interrupting the discharge when the discharge voltage of the battery falls below a threshold voltage in order to prevent the battery 102 from deteriorating. A power switch 208 that determines whether to use the power discharged from the 102 or the power output from the AC / DC converter 201, and the AC / DC converter 201 and the cigar jack power supply. A second DC / DC converter 210 is provided to the blocks other than the motor and the battery for charging the power output from the jack 212 to a predetermined level of DC power.

In the figure, reference numeral 211 denotes a jack for receiving commercial AC power, 212 denotes a jack for supplying a cigar jack power of a vehicle, 213 denotes a jack for supplying driving power to the motor, and 214 charges Represents a jack for supplying charging power to the battery 102 or for supplying the discharge power of the battery 102 to the controller, and 215 denotes a system for outputting power from the second DC / DC converter 210. Indicates the power supply jack to supply to.

The power supply unit 101 according to the present invention configured as described above first rectifies and smoothes the commercial AC power supply (AC110V / AC220V) supplied from the AC / DC converter 201 through the jack 211 to a 14V DC power supply. Make. Then, the reverse flow prevention diode 202 supplies the DC power output from the AC / DC converter 201 to the motor side through the jack 213 as driving power. In addition, the DC voltage output from the high current / DC converter 201 is transferred to the first DC / DC converter 204 and the second DC / DC converter 210 to respectively charge and control the charging battery 102. Generate power.

Next, the reverse flow prevention diode 203 supplies power of DC14V supplied through the cigar jack 212, and the first DC / DC converter 204 is selectively provided by the reverse flow prevention diodes 202 and 203. DC 14V DC power supply is converted into 5V DC power and output.

At this time, the charging controller 103 checks the state of the charging battery 102 and generates a control signal for controlling the appropriate current and voltage for charging the charging battery 102 according to the check result, According to the control signal generated in this way, the switching transistor 206 is controlled to serve to supply or cut off power to the rear stage.

Here, when the battery is charged, the first DC / DC converter 204 supplies the power supplied from the switching transistor 206 to the rechargeable battery 102 through the jack 214, and at the time of discharge, the jack ( Power discharged through 214 is supplied to the motor and other blocks.

Next, the second DC / DC converter 210 converts the DC power selectively supplied from the AC / DC converter 201, the cigar jack 212 and the rechargeable battery 102 into a suitable DC power jack 215. To the other block.

Meanwhile, the charging controller 103 of FIG. 4 checks the state of the charging battery 102, and as a result, when there is a risk that excessive function of the charging battery 102 may be caused by excessive discharge, that is, charging When the discharge voltage of the battery 102 falls below the threshold voltage, a control signal for discharging the discharge is generated in order to prevent the function of the rechargeable battery 102 from deteriorating. According to the discharge cutoff signal generated in this way, the discharge cutoff switch 209 of FIG. 10 operates to block the charging battery 102 from being discharged.

In addition, the charging controller 103 checks the state of the charging battery 102, and if it is determined that the battery is fully charged, the charging controller 103 of the switching transistor 206 to prevent damage to the charging battery 102 based on overcharging. Turn off the drive to cut the charge.

And the rechargeable battery 102 is applied to the rechargeable battery that can be used from 2 hours 30 minutes to up to 4 hours, to ensure the operation by the rechargeable battery for a long time, and also if the patient needs to move long distance To be able to use enough. In addition, it is possible to charge by using a car battery, as well known, since the car battery power source can be used directly, even when the battery is exhausted can use the vehicle immediately when moving.

On the other hand, in a state in which sufficient power is supplied to the control device by the power supply operation as is well known, the sensor unit 104 performs a sensing function for monitoring the pressure and flow, and other ventilation, and the result is a microcontroller 105 ) Or perform its own monitoring function.

That is, in the case of measuring the air pressure, the air pressure is measured using a pressure sensor, and the air pressure is transmitted to the microcontroller 105. At this time, since the pressure sensor used is a relative pressure measurement sensor, the pressure in the air can always be set as the reference pressure, so there is no need to perform a new pressure compensation regardless of the place. In addition, because it is a breath-only sensor, it has a strong resistance to moisture, and the measurement pressure range is 0 to 100cmH ₂ O, and has a self-calibration circuit, which enables accurate pressure measurement.

The microcontroller 105 calculates the measured pressure numerically and generates a display control signal on the display 110 to display the measured pressure.

Next, since the display unit 110 is attached to the main body coupled portable patient monitoring monitor (optional), this device can monitor the ventilation state of the patient itself without the existing patient monitor equipment (patient monitor). Typical patient monitoring devices are expensive and bulky and cannot be used as mobile devices.

However, in the present invention, the ECG module and the pulse oximeter are adopted so that the monitoring and ventilator functions can be simultaneously implemented. It is also possible to output the state of the ECG signal and SpO2 as a graph by adopting a body-coupled monitor (TFT) as an output device. .

This will be described in more detail as follows.

First, in the case of the ECG module, the ECG circuit using the electrode that attaches to the skin that is least burdened to the non-invasive skin, is developed and applied by itself. The signal from the ECG circuit is transmitted to the microprocessor 105 through an analog / digital conversion, and is displayed in a graph form in real time through the display 110.

11 is a view showing the configuration of the ECG module in the sensor unit 104 as described above.

As shown, a first low pass filter 301 for low pass filtering the signal output from the ECG sensor, and a line frequency notch filter 302 for removing the line frequency of the frequency output from the first low pass filter 301. A second low pass filter 303 for low pass filtering again the frequency output from the line frequency notch filter 302, a high pass filter 304 for high pass filtering the output signal of the second low pass filter 303, An offset amplifier 305 which compares an input offset voltage with an output signal of the high pass filter 304, extracts a residual deviation, and amplifies it to a predetermined level; and a buffer 306 that buffers the output signal of the offset amplifier 305. ), A peak value detector 307 that detects a peak value in the output signal of the offset amplifier 305, and a comparison that compares the output signal of the peak value detector 307 with the output of the buffer 306 and outputs the difference. 308, an analog-to-digital converter 309 for converting the output signal of the comparator 308 into a digital signal and transmitting it to the microcontroller 105, and from the signal output from the first low pass filter 301. An absolute value extractor 310 for extracting an absolute value, a voltage comparator 311 for comparing the absolute value output from the absolute value extractor 310 with a reference value Vref, and outputting a result value, and the voltage comparator 311 ) And a flip-flop 312 which latches an output signal and transmits the output signal to the microcontroller 105 as a lead off signal.

In the ECG module configured as described above, the first low pass filter 301 first low-pass filters the ECG signal output from the ECG sensor to the 40 Hz band, and the line frequency notch filter 302 outputs the first low pass filter 302. Remove the line frequency of the frequency being

The second low pass filter 303 performs low pass filtering on the frequency output from the line frequency notch filter 302 to the 40 Hz band, and the high pass filter 304 performs high pass filtering on the output signal of the second low pass filter 303. do.

The offset amplifier 305 compares the input offset voltage and the output signal of the high pass filter 304 to extract the residual deviation and to amplify the residual deviation to a predetermined level. Buffer the output signal of 305).

In addition, the peak detector 307 detects a peak value in the output signal of the offset amplifier 305, and the comparator 308 compares the output signal of the buffer 306 with the output signal of the peak value detector 307 and the difference thereof. Outputs The analog-to-digital converter 309 then converts the output signal of the comparator 308 into a digital signal and transmits it to the microcontroller 105 as an ECG signal.

Next, the absolute value extractor 310 extracts an absolute value from the signal output from the first low pass filter 301, and the voltage comparator 311 outputs an absolute value and a reference value output from the absolute value extractor 310. (Vref) is compared and the result value is output, and the deflip-flop 312 latches the output signal of the voltage comparator 311 and transmits it to the microcontroller 105 as a lead off signal.

Then, the microcontroller 105 transmits a control signal to the display 110 according to the ECG detection signal and the read-off signal transmitted so that the ECG signal is displayed as a graph.

The critically ill patient will be accompanied by a mobile ventilator. When equipped with basic patient monitoring and protection equipment, the patient can be safely protected with minimal equipment movement.

That is, when the ventilator is worn due to the breathing failure of the patient, if the inappropriate breathing amount is applied due to the carelessness of emergency personnel or doctors, the patient has a great burden. At this time, the patient has a fast heart rate due to inadequate breathing volume and shows an abnormal heart waveform. However, when the ECG module according to the present invention is attached to the ventilator, it is possible to recognize the inappropriate breathing volume as described above and take action.

to the next,. The sensor unit 104 is provided with a SpO 2 module. The SpO2 module is equipped with a pulse oximeter, a FIO ₂ sensor, and an ETCO ₂ sensor, which are currently commercially available, to analyze gas at the time of exhalation of a patient, and to measure the amount of O ₂ and CO ₂ . By measuring the amount of oxygen contained in the monitor attached to the ventilator monitors real-time information, it is possible to continuously and effectively monitor the patient.

12 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of the SpO ₂ module.

As shown therein, the coding register 401, the calibration sensor 402 for performing calibration detection according to the output of the coding register 401, the photodiode 403, and the photodiode emanated from the photodiode 403 An amplifier 404 for amplifying a light receiving signal of light, a demodulator 405 for demodulating the output signal of the amplifier 404, an IR filter 406 for filtering only infrared signals from the output signal of the demodulator 405, A red filter 407 for filtering only the red signal from the output signal of the demodulator 405, and a modulator 408 for modulating each output signal of the IR filter 406, the red filter 407, and the calibration sensor 402. ), An analog / digital converter 409 for converting the output signal of the modulator 408 into a digital signal, and the amounts of O ₂ and CO ₂ are determined using the output signal of the analog / digital converter 409, Indication and alarm And generating a control signal, and display the amount of O ₂ and CO ₂ in accordance with the microprocessor 410, display and alarm control signal from the microprocessor 410, which generates a control signal for the IR driver and R drive And an IR driving voltage generator 412 for generating a voltage for infrared driving according to an infrared driving control signal output from the microprocessor 410, and an alarm and warning unit 411 for generating an alarm for alarming the alarm. In the R driving voltage generator 413 and the IF driving voltage generator 412 and the R driving voltage generator 413 which generate a voltage for red driving according to the red driving control signal output from the microprocessor 410. A multiplexer 414 for multiplexing the generated voltages, a voltage / current converter 415 for converting a voltage output from the multiplexer 414 into a current, and the voltage / current A plurality of light emitting diodes 416 and 417 emit light according to the output signal of the converter 415.

In the SpO ₂ module configured as described above, in order to measure the amount of O ₂ and CO _2, the calibration sensor 402 detects the output of the coding register 401, and the amplifier 404 transmits the light of the photodiode 403. After divergence, the received voltage is amplified to a predetermined level.

The demodulator 405 demodulates the output signal of the amplifier 404, the IR filter 406 filters only the infrared signal from the output signal of the demodulator 405, and the red filter 407 the demodulator 405. Filter only the red signal from the output signal.

The modulator 408 then modulates each output signal of the IR filter 406, the red filter 407, and the calibration sensor 402, and the analog / digital converter 409 outputs the output signal of the modulator 408. Is converted into a digital signal and delivered to the microprocessor 410.

The microprocessor 410 determines the amounts of O ₂ and CO ₂ as output signals of the analog / digital converter 409, generates control signals for displaying and alarming them, and controls for IR driving and R driving. Generate a signal.

The display and alarm unit 411 displays the amounts of O ₂ and CO ₂ according to the display and alarm control signals output from the microprocessor 410, generates an alarm for alarming them, and generates an IR driving voltage generator 412. Generates a voltage for infrared driving according to the infrared driving control signal output from the microprocessor 410, and the R driving voltage generator 413 is red according to the red driving control signal output from the microprocessor 410. Generates a voltage for driving.

The multiplexer 414 multiplexes the voltages generated by the IF driving voltage generator 412 and the R driving voltage generator 413, respectively, and the voltage / current converter 415 outputs the voltage output from the multiplexer 414. The light emitting diodes 416 and 417 are selectively emitted by being converted into electric current to display the respiratory state of the patient.

If the amount of oxygen supplied from the ventilator is insufficient, the oxygen saturation in the patient's blood decreases, and the specific gravity of the carbon dioxide of the gas released upon the patient's inspiration increases. This factor places a great burden on the patient. Therefore, using the SpO ₂ module, it is possible to analyze the gas during continuous exhalation and to measure the amount of O ₂ and CO ₂ , which can be used to maintain proper ventilation and oxygen exchange.

Meanwhile, the microcontroller 105 analyzes each signal detected by the sensor unit 104 as described above and controls the display unit 110 to display the signal. By such control, the display 110 displays various information generated in the ventilator quickly and efficiently.

In this case, as the monitoring device, a TFT monitor is adopted, and a variety of information can be displayed together with a graph, so that the state of the ventilator or the patient's condition can be easily known.

18 is a view illustrating a structure of a basic type ventilator according to the present invention, and FIG. 18A is a structure of a basic type ventilator, in which a detachable monitor is not mounted. In this case, the breathing state of the patient is displayed using the LCD indicator attached to the main body.

18B is a view showing a front state in which the removable monitor 700 is mounted on the basic ventilator, and FIG. 18C is a view showing a rear state in which the hernia monitor 700 is mounted on the basic ventilator. Here, the rear of the ECG module 300 and SpO2 module 400 is mounted.

The removable monitor 700 mounted in this way is mounted on the upper surface of the basic respirator, and provides a function for more precisely monitoring the patient's condition. In other words, the ECG waveform, SpO2 state, and respiratory state can be displayed as a graph. In this case, in order to provide the ECG waveform and the SpO2 state, the ECG module 300 and the SpO2 module 400 are mounted on the rear surface of the main body as shown in FIG. 18C. In addition, the removable monitor 700 presents a variety of alarm situation output and general countermeasures according to the alarm situation so that the user can quickly recognize the situation, using the basic ventilator and serial communication program upgrade and Allow measurement.

Here, the removable monitor 700 may be used in combination with the basic ventilator as shown in FIG. 18D, but may be used independently as shown in FIG. 19.

In the case of using independently, as shown in FIGS. 19A and 19B, a rechargeable battery 800 is separately installed to supply power, and an ECG module 300 and an SpO2 module 400 are mounted on the rear to independently monitor a patient's condition. Can also be used as a monitor.

In addition, alarm alerts prompt the user to respond quickly by displaying the relevant text message, and other signals related to breathing are displayed in graphs and numerical values.

In addition, the motor control signal is generated to control the forward, reverse drive and speed of the motor.

7 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of the microcontroller 105.

As shown therein, a serial communication interface 501 for communication with a personal computer, a central processing unit 502 for controlling the overall operation of the mobile ventilator, and data generated by the central processing unit 502 An external memory 503 for storing the data, an input / output port 504 for transmitting a detection signal to the CPU 502, and a control signal output from the CPU 502 to a corresponding block. And an analog / digital converter 505 for converting the motor driving control signal and the PWM signal output from the central processing unit 502 into an analog signal, and receiving an external analog signal as a digital signal. Auxiliary port 506 is configured.

The microcontroller 105 configured as described above performs data communication with the personal computer via the serial communication interface 501, and stores data generated during operation of the ventilator in the external memory 503.

In addition, an input / output port 504 and an analog / digital converter 505 are provided for data input / output and control signal input / output between the central processing unit 502 and other devices, and an additional auxiliary port 506 is provided. To expand the device.

Here, when controlling the motor speed, the CPU 502 uses a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal that can adjust the desired speed by adjusting the width of the pulse at a constant voltage (12V).

Next, the motor driving unit 106 of FIG. 6 drives the DC servo motor 107 according to the motor control signal and the speed control control signal output from the microcontroller 105 as described above.

8 is a view illustrating an embodiment of the motor driver 106.

As shown in the drawing, the drive mode determination unit 601 for determining the drive mode of the motor according to the motor drive control signal output from the microcontroller 105, and the signal determined by the drive mode determination unit 602 is digital The signal is transmitted to the motor driving unit 106 through the isolator 602 to prevent the mixing of the unit and the analog unit, and the transmitted signal determines the driving direction and driving of the motor, and outputs the PWM signal output from the microcontroller 105. In this way, the motor driver 603 is configured to drive the DC servo motor 107.

The motor driving unit 106 configured as described above first analyzes the motor driving control signal output from the microcontroller 105 in the driving mode determination unit 601 to determine the driving mode of the motor. In other words, the motor drive control signal is analyzed to determine whether to drive the motor, or whether the motor rotates forward or reversely.

The mode decision signal thus determined is transmitted to the isolator 602, and the isolator 602 transmits this digital signal to the motor driver 603 of the analog unit.

The motor driver 603 analyzes the output signal of the isolator 602 to determine whether the motor is driven or whether it is forward or reverse rotation, and the DC servo motor 107 according to the PWM signal output from the microcontroller 105. ) Will be driven.

In this case, when the DC servo motor 107 is driven, the encoder 108 and the digital speed detector 109 detect a pulse generated by the rotation of the encoder shaft and transmit the pulse to the microcontroller 105. 105 calculates and processes the pulses input by the internal program to calculate the speed and position of the motor.

That is, the position is calculated by counting the number of input pulses, and the speed is calculated using the period of the pulse.

Here is how to control the motor speed.

Conventionally, the speed of the motor is controlled by selecting one of the T method and the M method, but these two methods have caused various problems.

Therefore, in the present invention, the M-T method which effectively combines the T method and the M method is used. In other words, by applying the M method at high speed and the T method at low speed, more accurate speed measurement and control is achieved.

9 is a timing diagram for explaining the motor speed control algorithm as described above.

Here, T 'represents the time until the next pulse after the T time, and the speed control algorithm as described above is expressed as follows.

V = (M + 1) / (T + T ')

13 is a flowchart illustrating a control method of a mobile ventilator according to the present invention.

As shown therein, a first step (S10) of checking a system state, a second step (S20) of initializing hardware and software, a third step (S30) of analyzing and processing an input signal after the initialization and A fourth step (S40) of processing an alarm generated when an alarm is generated as a result of analyzing the input signal, a fifth step (S50) of processing an output signal corresponding to the input signal, and after processing the output signal A sixth step S60 of displaying the status of the system is performed.

In the control method of the mobile ventilator according to the present invention made as described above, in step S10, the system state is checked. In other words, when the reset signal is monitored and the reset signal is input, the program is immediately returned to the initial state, and even when power is supplied from the off state, the program is returned to the initial state of the system.

Next, in step S20, all numerical values and variables of the system are initialized. That is, hardware and software are initialized.

Next, in step S30, the input signal is processed. That is, the analog signals output from the variable resistor (volume), the encoder, the sensor, and the like are respectively input, and the processing operation corresponding to the input analog signals is performed.

14 is a flowchart illustrating the step S30 in more detail.

First, one of the analog signals input in step S31 is selected, and in step S32, the selected analog input signal is converted into a corresponding digital signal. In step S33, the converted digital signal is calculated by the corresponding numerical value. If the digital signal is respiratory data, the respiratory value is calculated. If the digital signal is a pulse signal output from the encoder, the motor position and speed are calculated by the number and interval (cycle) of the input encoder pulse signal. . Then, the calculated respiratory value or motor position and speed data in step S34 are stored in the memory.

Next, in step S40, the generated alarm is processed.

15 is a flowchart illustrating the alarm processing routine S40 in more detail.

First, in step S41, it is determined whether an alarm has occurred, and in step S42, it is checked whether an alarm has occurred, and in case of an alarm, the alarm table is searched in step S43. In operation S44, an alarm sound and a message suitable for the generated alarm are extracted and output.

Next, in step S50, the output signal is processed.

16 is a flowchart illustrating the output signal processing routine S50 in more detail.

First, in step S51, the stored data is loaded, at which time the stored data loads values relating to speed and position. In step S52, the driving mode of the motor, that is, the reverse or forward driving mode is determined. In step S53, a PWM signal for controlling the motor speed is output.

Next, in step S60, the status display is processed.

17 is a flowchart illustrating the state display routine S60 in more detail.

First, in step S61, the stored breath-related data is loaded, and in step S62, the loaded data is converted into numerical values for displaying an LED. In step S63, the LED is controlled to display the respiratory value.

Of course, the status display routine (S60) is capable of displaying the breath-related values and other states, the display process for the state is the same as the flow of FIG. 17 described above.

The mobile ventilator according to the present invention described in detail above is a ventilator that can be expanded into a hybrid type.

In general, the portable ventilator has a volume type and a pressure type, and in the case of using a piston and a cylinder as an air supply device, it becomes a volume type, and uses a blower to generate a continuous flow of air. In this case, the pressure type.

Each ventilator has advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, in the present invention, the blower and the piston-coupled hybrid ventilator as shown in FIG. 20 are expanded in order to optimize respective advantages and disadvantages. In this case, both the volume control and the pressure control are possible, so that the user can select the effective type according to the patient's needs and perform the ventilation, and both patients can perform the ventilation properly without replacing the ventilator.

FIG. 20 is a schematic view showing the structure of the proposed hybrid ventilator, and supports the volume type, the pressure type, the volume & pressure mixing type by controlling the valves 901 and 902 on the cylinder side and the blower side, respectively. .

In FIG. 20, reference numeral 901 denotes a valve for controlling the air discharged from the cylinder type, reference numeral 902 denotes a valve for controlling the air discharged from the boulder type, reference numeral 903 denotes an exhaust port for discharging air, Reference numeral 904 denotes a cylinder type air supply device, and reference numeral 905 denotes a blower type air generating device.

According to the present invention described above, the "movable ventilator and its apparatus and method for controlling the ventilator thereof" can be extended by using a cylinder as a detector, so that a hinge structure used in an existing ventilator is unnecessary, so that There is an advantage to simplify the structure.

In addition, by adding a ventilation monitoring device to the ventilator, there is an advantage that it is possible to accurately monitor the patient's breathing state without the need for a separate ventilation monitoring device, the built-in rechargeable battery that can be used even when moving for a long time There is this.

In addition, by using the TM method that combines the T method and the M method for the motor speed control, accuracy can be ensured for the motor speed control, and by providing a hybrid type ventilator, it is possible to effectively realize the ventilation according to the condition of the patient. There is an advantage to that.

Claims (13)

In the portable ventilator with ball screw, silence block, piston, cylinder, outer limit switch, intake hose, exhaust hose, encoder, motor, A detector coupled to the piston and formed in a circular shape to surround the ball screw to expand a position detection range of the piston; And a photocoupler installed opposite to the detector and configured to detect a position of the piston. A power supply unit for supplying driving power to each block of the ventilator control device; A charging controller for charging the battery supplied with the power supplied from the power supply unit; A sensor unit for detecting air pressure and flow in the ventilator; A microcontroller driven by power supplied from the power supply unit or the charging battery and controlling the entire operation of the ventilator by generating a motor control signal and a status display control signal according to the detection signal and the detected motor speed of the sensor unit; A motor driver for controlling driving of the motor according to a motor speed control signal output from the microcontroller; A DC servo motor for forward and reverse rotation under the control of the motor driver; An encoder for encoding a motor driving control signal generated by the motor driving unit and delivering the motor driving control signal in a pulse form to the micro controller; And a display unit configured to display a state of a current ventilator and a breathing state of a patient according to a state display control signal output from the microcontroller. The method of claim 2, wherein the power supply unit, An AC / DC converter 201 for converting commercial AC power into a DC power of a predetermined level, a backflow prevention diode 202 for preventing current from flowing into the AC / DC converter 201 when a cigar jack or a rechargeable battery is used, Reverse current prevention diode 203 for preventing current from flowing toward the cigar jack when A / C power or a rechargeable battery is used, and DC power output from the reverse flow prevention diodes 202 and 203 are converted into a predetermined level of DC power and outputted. A switching transistor for supplying or blocking the power output from the first DC / DC converter 204 to the rechargeable battery 102 in accordance with the first DC / DC converter 204 and the output signal of the charging controller 103. 206 and backflow prevention for preventing the power discharged from the rechargeable battery 102 from flowing back to the switching transistor 206. In order to prevent the function of the diode 207 and the rechargeable battery 102 from being lowered, the discharge disconnect switch 209 for interrupting the discharge when the discharge voltage of the battery is lowered below the threshold voltage, and the rechargeable battery 102 A power switch 208 for deciding whether to use the power discharged from or the power output from the AC / DC converter 201 and the AC / DC converter 201 and the cigar jack power supply jack ( Control device for a mobile ventilator characterized in that the second DC / DC converter (210) for making the power output from each of the 212) to a predetermined level of DC power supply to the block other than the motor and the battery for charging. The mobile unit of claim 2, wherein the sensor unit comprises a pressure sensor for detecting air pressure, an ECG module for detecting a respiratory state of a patient, and a SpO2 module for detecting O ₂ and CO ₂ amounts. Control device of the ventilator. The method of claim 4, wherein the ECG module, A first low pass filter 301 for low-pass filtering the signal output from the ECG sensor, a line frequency notch filter 302 for removing the line frequency of the frequency output from the first low pass filter 301, and the line frequency A second low pass filter 303 for low pass filtering again the frequency output from the notch filter 302, a high pass filter 304 for high pass filtering the output signal of the second low pass filter 303, and an offset voltage inputted thereto; An offset amplifier 305 for comparing the output signal of the high pass filter 304 to extract the residual deviation and amplifying it to a predetermined level, a buffer 306 for buffering the output signal of the offset amplifier 305, and the offset A peak detector 307 for detecting peaks in the output signal of the amplifier 305, a comparator 308 for comparing the output of the buffer 306 with the output signal of the peak detector 307 and outputting the difference; Compare above An absolute value for extracting the absolute value from the signal output from the analog-to-digital converter 309 and the first low-pass filter 301 to convert the output signal of the (308) to a digital signal to the microcontroller 105 The extractor 310 compares the absolute value output from the absolute value extractor 310 with the reference value Vref, and latches an output signal of the voltage comparator 311 and a voltage comparator 311 for outputting the result value. Control device of a mobile ventilator, characterized in that consisting of a de-flip flop (312) for transmitting to the microcontroller 105 as a lead off signal. The method of claim 4, wherein the SpO ₂ module, Amplifying a light receiving signal of light emitted to the coding register 401, the calibration sensor 402 for performing a calibration detection according to the output of the coding register 401, the photodiode 403, and the photodiode 403 An amplifier 404, a demodulator 405 that demodulates the output signal of the amplifier 404, an IR filter 406 that filters only infrared signals from the output signal of the demodulator 405, and the demodulator 405. A red filter 407 for filtering only a red signal from an output signal, a modulator 408 for modulating each output signal of the IR filter 406, the red filter 407, and the calibration sensor 402, and the modulator ( An analog / digital converter 409 for converting the output signal of 408 into a digital signal, and an output signal of the analog / digital converter 409 for judging the amount of O ₂ and CO ₂ , and displaying and alarming the amount of O ₂ and CO ₂ . Generates a signal, IR Microprocessor 410 for generating control signals for driving and R driving, and the amount of O ₂ and CO ₂ in accordance with the display and alarm control signal output from the microprocessor 410, the alarm for alarming And an IR driving voltage generator 412 for generating a voltage for infrared driving according to the infrared driving control signal output from the microprocessor 410, and the microprocessor 410. Multiplexing the voltage generated by the R driving voltage generator 413 and the IF driving voltage generator 412 and the R driving voltage generator 413 respectively according to the output red driving control signal. A multiplexer 414, a voltage / current converter 415 for converting a voltage output from the multiplexer 414 into a current, and an output signal of the voltage / current converter 415 Depending mobile control device of the ventilator, characterized in that composed of a plurality of light emitting diodes 416, 417 to the light emission. The method of claim 2, wherein the microcontroller, Serial communication interface 501 for communication with a personal computer, a central processing unit 502 for controlling the overall operation of the mobile ventilator, and an external memory for storing data generated by the central processing unit 502. 503, an input / output port 504 for transmitting a detection signal to the central processing unit 502, and a control signal output from the central processing unit 502 to a corresponding block, and the central processing unit. The motor drive control signal and PWM signal output from the device 502 is converted into an analog signal and output, and the analog signal obtained from the outside is input to the analog / digital converter 505 and the auxiliary port 506 to receive the digital signal. Control device of a mobile ventilator, characterized in that configured. The method of claim 2, wherein the motor drive unit, A drive mode determiner 601 for determining a drive mode of the motor according to the motor drive control signal output from the microcontroller, an isolator 602 for transferring the signal determined by the drive mode determiner 602 to an analog unit; The motor driver 603 is configured to determine the driving direction and driving of the motor based on the output signal of the isolator 602 and to drive the DC servo motor 107 according to the PWM signal output from the microcontroller. Control device of mobile ventilator. The method of claim 2, wherein the microcontroller is ,. And a speed control signal for controlling the drive of the DC servo motor in the same manner as in [Equation 1] to control the motor speed. V = (M + 1) / (T + T ') .... [Equation 1] Here, T 'represents the time until the next pulse after the T time, T represents the count period of the encoder pulse, M represents the number of pulses entered within the T time. The portable patient monitoring monitor (removable monitor) of claim 2, wherein the display unit is attached to a main body capable of monitoring the ventilation state of the patient by itself without a separate patient monitoring dedicated monitor device. Control device of a mobile respirator, characterized in that. The portable monitor of claim 10, wherein the removable monitor supports program upgrade and calibration through serial communication with a ventilator. When the removable monitor is used independently, a portable battery, an ECG module, and an SpO2 module are separately attached to each other. Control device of a mobile ventilator, characterized in that used as a patient monitoring monitor. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the ventilator is a blower and a piston-coupled hybrid ventilator capable of both volume control and pressure control. First step (S10) to check the system status, A second step (S20) of initializing hardware and software; A third step (S30) of selecting one input signal among the analog signals input after the initialization, calculating the selected signal as a corresponding value, and storing the calculated respiratory value or motor position and speed data in a memory; , A fourth step (S40) of searching for an alarm table and extracting and outputting an alarm sound and a message suitable for the generated alarm when the alarm is generated as a result of analyzing the input signal; A fifth step of loading output data corresponding to the input signal and determining the driving mode of the motor and outputting a PWM signal for controlling the motor speed when the loaded data is numerical data relating to speed and position ( S50), And a sixth step (S60) of loading the stored breath-related data after the output signal processing, converting the loaded data into a numerical value for displaying the LED, and then controlling the LED to display the breath-related numerical value. Control method of a mobile ventilator.